过去完成时

Past Perfect Tense

一．用所给词的适当形式填空：

1.She ____________ (not finish) her homework yet.

2.He told me he _____________ (not have) supper .

3.By 9 o’clock yesterday he ____________ (not get) home.

4._______ you __________ (know) anything about our school

before you came ?

5.They said they __________ (be) to America twice .

6.What _______ you _________ (see) just now?

7.He told me his team _________ already _______ (win) .

8.I heard that the singer _________ (arrive) here .

9.He__________(be) a famous doctor .

He____________(work)in a famous hospital now.

10.Don’t make any noise!Her children ___________ (sleep)now.

11.When she __________ (finish) her job, she went to sleep.

12.I didn’t kno w what he _________ (do) it for.

13.By the end of last term,we _____________ (learn) 3000 words .

14.The film ___________ (start) at one o’clock this afternoon.

15.What _________ you _______ (do) before you came here ?

16.______ you _______ (finish) your homework before you went out to play ?

17.Mary _________ (buy) a new dress for my next birthday.

18.She _________ (leave) when I came.

19. He told me that he ___________ (see) the film once .

20. She told me it _________ (stop).

二．单项选择：

( )1.When the police arrived,the man_____for 10 minutes.

A.died

B.was death

C.had died

D.had been dead

( )2.He said he_____the league for two years.

A.has joined

B.has been in

C.had been in

D.joined

( )3.We _____each other since he left here.

A.didn’t seen

B.hadn’t seen

C.haven’t seen

D.had seen

( )4.Mr. Smith_____here since he moved to this city.

A.had lived

B.have live

C.have lived

D.has lived ( )5.He said he _____his life for his country.

A.give

B.gave

C.had given

D.would give ( )6.By the end of last week,we_____two thousand words.

A.would learn

B.have learned

C.had learned

D.were learning

( )7.That man knows a lot about New York.I heard he _____before.

A.had gone to the city

B.had been in there

C.had been there

D.had been New York ( )8.Miss Brown said she_____never_____to China before.

A.has,gone

B.has,been

C.had,gone

D.had,been ( )9.He_____he_____some mistakes in the test.

A.said,will make

B.said,made

C.said,had made

D.said,make

( )10.How many parties_____by the end of last term?

A.had you had

B.had you have

C.have you had

D.did you have

三．翻译下列句子：

1.我们到达车站时，火车已经开了。

2.你每天放学之后干什么？

3.他还没写完作业呢！

4.她累了，现在正在睡觉。

5.明年暑假我打算游泳。

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．She said when she got to the cinema, the film ________ for 5 minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. had been on 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：她说当她到达电影院的时候，电影已经开始五分钟了。根据got 可知，电影开始五分钟属于在过去某时间前已经存在的状态，应该用过去完成时，所以排 除A和C。开始begin，电影已经开始了五分钟是存在的状态，要用延续性的动词，所以要 将瞬间动词begin改为be on，故选D。 【点评】此题考查动词的时态问题以及瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间 状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然 后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 可知此处应为过去完成时，故选 D. 和“ finished” 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ” 【点评】考查过去完成时。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。

过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法小结 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。 4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when...（刚…就…）, no sooner...than... （刚…就…）, It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。

过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法小结一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had fini shed my homework before suppe我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。 The play had already started whe n we got to the theat 我们至U剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients 六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续至过去某个时间或还要 持续下去，常与for, si nee等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten yeabefore he retired last year.他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known hes in eehe was a child.他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight yearbsefore he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。

过去完成时讲解练习

过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词+其他） 基本用法 。 （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。

（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. ~ 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.

高中语法过去完成时详解讲解学习

过去完成时 （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句(在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句)来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例；By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨天晚上9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 （2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 例；I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.我在车站已经等了20分钟,一辆公共汽车终于来了。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说他自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补充以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例；Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天就去世了。他以前是我的好朋友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例；I returned the book that I had borrowed.我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost.她发现她失去了的钥匙。 （5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 例；He said that he had known her well.他说他早就很了解她了。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before.我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。（6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，“发生在过去的过去”，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的 e.g：When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.我醒来时雨已停了。 She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work.她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。 注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after 的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 e.g：After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。 （7）动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 e.g：They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。 We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 我们本来希望能来看看你。 （8）过去完成时还可用在hardly when no sooner than It was the first

过去完成时讲解

过去完成时 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词 had + 过去分词”构成，其中 had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。 如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。 如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。 如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： When I got to the station, the train had already left.

人教版英语过去完成时形式讲解含答案百度文库

人教版英语过去完成时形式讲解含答案百度文库 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．By the first day of August, 2007, the PLA ________ for eighty years. A. founded B. has founded C. has been found D. had been founded 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：到2007年8月1日为止，中国人民解放军已经成立了80年了。句中有by+过去的时间，表示到…为止，句子用过去完成时，found成立，故选D 【点评】动词的时态是学习英语过程中非常重要的知识。现在完成时表示动词在过去发生对现在造成的影响。现在完成时往往和already,yet,for+一段时间，since+点时间的时间状语连用。过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，句子中强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。 2．— How long has the train been away? — Sorry. I don't know. By the time I got here, the train ________. A. has left B. was leaving C. had been away D. had left 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——火车离开多久了？——很抱歉。我不知道。我到这儿的时候，火车已经离开了。由By the time I got here可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。 【点评】考查动词时态。 3．—How long you TV by the time I called you? —For about two hours A. had; watched B. have; watched C. did; watch D. were; watching 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】由句中的by the time可判断．这里用过去完成时，故选A。句意是：—到我打电话给你为止，你已经看了多长时间的电视了？—大约两个小时。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。 4．By the time of last year, she the piano for five years. A. learnt B. has learnt C. had learnt D. will learn 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：到去年的时候，她已经学了五年钢琴了。由时间状语By the time

过去完成时讲解及练习带答案

定义 过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态。它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本结构 主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ 基本用法 （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 （2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。 （5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 例如：He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。 （6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的

初中过去完成时讲解

过去完成时用法讲解 一、概念：表示过去的过去，其构成是had +过去分词。 二、用法： 1. 表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。例如: He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. (昨夜十点钟之前他已上床去睡了。) 2. 与一般过去时搭配，表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。例如： The train had started when I got to the station. (当我到达车站时火车已开走了。) # The minute I saw a lady getting off the bus, I knew it was she, for I had seen her before. (我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她，因为我以前看见过她。) 解说：使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时，该过去的时刻常以“by +过去时间”的短语来表达。例如下面的说法是不正确的： He had gone to bed at 10:00 last night. 若是要说“at 10:00 last night”就必须用一般过去时“He went to bed...”。请再观察下面的句子试比较：It had rained yesterday. (误) It rained yesterday.(正) 或许你会说：“昨天下了雨，可是今天已放晴了，下雨已是过去的事，而且已经下完了，所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。 1. 由过去的时间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。 ; 2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外，应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。 三、过去完成时常用的连词有：before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as等。例如： He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 四、在什么情况下使用过去完成时 1. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词引导的宾语从句中，一般用过去完成时。例如： She said (that) she had never been to Paris. … 2. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 3. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，未能……”。例如： We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 典型例题： The students ________ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ____ in the office. A. had written, left ， B. were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 答案D。“把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前，因此“忘了书”这一动作发生

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英语过去完成时练习题及答案及解析 一、单项选择过去完成时 1．—Lily went to see the movie alone. —If she _____ me about it, I would have gone with her. A．should tell B．tells C．told D．had told 【答案】D 【解析】 考查时态。句意：丽丽一个人去看电影了。——如果她告诉过我这件事，我会和她一起去的。结合语境可知从句中说的是在过去已完成动作，故用过去完成时态。 2．The girl, when _____ why she _____ in the exam, just lowered her head and kept silent. A．questioned; was cheated B．being questioned; was cheating C．questioned; had cheated D．being questioned; has cheated 【答案】C 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到为什么在考试中作弊中，小女孩子低头不语。When引导的是是时间状语从句，与girl 之间是被动关系，所以用done形式，作弊没有被动语态，故选C项。 3．Hardly ___________the door when he rushed into the office out of breath. A．I opened B．did I open C．I had opened D．had I opened 【答案】D 【解析】 本题考查hardly...when 结构，表示“一……就、刚刚……就”；句意：我刚把门打开，他就气喘吁吁冲进办公室。hardly 以及含有否定意义的副词放在句首，句子用倒装结构，故选D。 【名师点睛】 hardly......when的用法 表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生，意思是“刚刚....，就....”。注意其时态上主句一般用过去完成时，从句用过去时。有时主句也可用现在完成时，从句用一般现在时。

过去完成时的用法大全及解析

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过去完成时形式讲解及解析百度文库

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过去完成时用法详解

过去完成时用法详解 TYYGROUP system office room 【TYYUA16H-TYY-TYYYUA8Q8-

过去完成时用法小结 一、过去完成时适用场合 1. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在上下文中。 I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。 2. 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。如： He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。 He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。 He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。 3. 在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在后面叙述时，要用过去完成时。如： Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经去世了。 4. 过去完成时也用于hardly...when...（刚…就…）, no sooner...than... （刚…就…）, It was the first time + that分句等一些固定句型中。 He had no sooner left the room than they began to talk about him. 他刚离开房间，他们就议论起他来。 We had hardly begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。 It was the first time that he had ever spoken to me in such a tune.他用这样的语调跟我讲话，这是第一次。 二、过去完成时与一般过去时的比较 1. 当一个由before, after, as soon as 等连词引导的从句所表示的动作和 主句的动作紧接着发生时，两个动作均可用一般过去时来表示。 We had breakfast after we did morning exercises. 做完早操后，我们吃早饭。 The train started to move just before he reached the platform. 他到月台时火车刚开走。 They started ploughing as soon as they got to the fields. 他们一到地里就开始耕地。 2. 按时间顺序叙述两个或两个以上接连发生的动作时，用一般过去时。 He entered the room, turned on the light and sat down at the table. 他走进屋子，打开灯，坐在桌子旁。

中考考点_过去完成时知识点汇总(全)

中考考点_过去完成时知识点汇总(全) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．—How long you TV by the time I called you? —For about two hours A. had; watched B. have; watched C. did; watch D. were; watching 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】由句中的by the time可判断．这里用过去完成时，故选A。句意是：—到我打电话给你为止，你已经看了多长时间的电视了？—大约两个小时。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时的用法。 2．We are too tired. Please stop __________ a rest. A. to have B. having C. have D. has 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：我们是在太累了，停下来休息一下吧。stop to have a rest.固定搭配故选A 【点评】注意时态一致， 3．Jake _____his key in the office so he had to wait until his wife _______ home. A. has forgotten … comes B. forgot… come C. had left… came D. had left…would come 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：杰克把他的钥匙丢在办公室了，因此他不得不等到他的妻子回家。结合语境可知前文描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。下文指的是过去某时的动作，故用一般过去时态。选C。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。 4．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根

初中过去完成时讲解

过去完成时用法讲解 一、概念:表示过去的过去,其构成是had +过去分词。 二、用法: 1. 表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。例如: He had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. (昨夜十点钟之前他已上床去睡了。) 2. 与一般过去时搭配,表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。例如: The train had started when I got to the station. (当我到达车站时火 车已开走了。) The minute I saw a lady getting off the bus, I knew it was she, for I had seen her before. (我一看到正在下公共汽车的那位女士就知道是她,因为我以前看见过她。) 解说:使用过去完成时在简单句里表达某一动作在过去的某一时刻已完成时, 该过去的时刻常以“by +过去时间”的短语来表达。例如下面的说法是不正确的: He had gone to bed at 10:00 last night. 若是要说“at 10:00 last night”就必须用一般过去时“He went to bed...”。请再观察下面的句子试比较: It had rained yesterday. (误) It rained yesterday.(正)

或许你会说:“昨天下了雨,可是今天已放晴了,下雨已是过去的事,而且已经下完了,所以就用过去完成时……。”这就是最令同学们对一般过去时和过去完成时感到混淆和困惑的。实际上只要我们了解下面的两点原则就可以消除这种现象。 1. 由过去的时间作状语来修饰动词的句子都使用一般过去时。 2. 除非从谈话的先后关系和上下文关系对过去的动作完成的基准点可以确定以外,应该避免在简单句中使用过去完成时。 三、过去完成时常用的连词有:before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as等。例如: He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 四、在什么情况下使用过去完成时? 1. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词引导的宾语从句中,一般用过去完成时。例如: She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 2. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如: When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

讲义-过去完成时用法讲解

过去完成时用法讲解 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past）”。 ----|--------------------|---------------------|------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成，其中had通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by10：00this morning. 1）过去完成时态的构成： 肯定式：had+动词的过去分词 否定式：hadn't+动词的过去分词 疑问式：Had…+动词的过去分词 简略回答:Yes,主+have/has had. No,主+had现在完成时的用法 过去完成时的用法： 1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。他表示的时间是"过去的过 去"常与by last year,by the time of yesterday,等连用。 如：She said she had seen the film4times. When Mr Li got to the classroom,all the students had begun reading. By the time they arrived,the bus had left 2、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for(后跟段时间)或since(后跟点时间)等连用.如: