听力第二册答案_施心远

大学听力教程2

答案

Unit 1

Section One Tactics for Listening

Part 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent

1.W e haven’t got any in dark blue.

2.We can’t make it at nine tomorrow.

3.My telephone number is not 65031609.

4.I don’t like the black jumper.

5.He won’t come by the 7:30 train.

(The word or digit in bold has the most stress)

Exercise:

1. a

2. b

3. a

4. b

5. b

Part2 Listening and Note-talking

Driving Carefully

Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly in crowded shopping streets, when you see a bus stopped, or near a parked mobile shop. Watch out for pedestrians coming from behind parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might not be able to see them.

Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under fifteen or over sixty. The young and elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not expect them. Give them, and the infirm, or blind, or disabled people, plenty of time to cross the road.

Drive slowly near schools, and look out for children getting on or off school buses. Stop when signalled to do so by a school crossing patrol showing a Stop-Children sign. Be careful near a parked ice-cream van—children are more interested in ice-cream then in traffic.

When coming to a zebra crossing. be ready to slow down or stop to let people cross. You must give way once they have stepped onto a crossing. Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop. Give yourself more time to slow down or stop on wet or icy roads. Never overtake just before a zebra crossing.

Exercise A:

1.Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about.

2.Three out of four pedestrians killed are either under fifteen or over sixty.

3.Be careful near a parked ice-cream van—children are more interested in ice-cream

than in traffic.

4.When coming to a zebra crossing, be ready to slow down or stop to let people

cross.

5.You must give way once they have stepped onto a crossing.

Exercise B:

Driving Carefully

I. Look out for pedestrians

A.Drive carefully at crowded shopping streets.

B.Drive carefully near a bus stop.

C.Drive carefully near a parked mobile shop.

II. Look out for the young, the old and the disabled

A.Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under

fifteen or over sixty.

B.The young and the elderly may not judge speeds very well.

C.Give them, and the infirm, or blind, or disabled people, plenty of time to

cross the road.

III. Look out for children

A.Stop at a Stop—Children sign

B.Drive slowly near a parked ice-cream van

IV. Coming to a zebra crossing

A.Slow down or stop to let people cross.

B.Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop.

C.Never overtake just before a zebra crossing.

Section Two Listening Comprehension

Part 1 Dialogues

Dialogue 1 Making Arrangements

Mum: Hello.

Tessa: Hi, Mum. It’s me. How are you?

Mum: Oh, I’m fine, Tessa. I except you’re phoning to find out how the

arrangements for your party are going?

Tessa: Yes. That’s right. You know, it’s really good of you and Dad to make all the arrangements while I’m away. I really don’t know what I’d do without you! Mum: Oh, there is not that much to do really. In fact, your father and I are quite enjoying it

Tessa: Good. So how are thing going?

Mum: Well, let’s see. I’ve already hired the hall, so that’s OK.

Tessa: Have you found anyone to do the disco yet?

Mum: No, not yet, dear.

Tessa: Well, do you think you could do that soon, Mum? It might not be easy. What about the equipment?

Mum: Well, we’re having the sound system and records delivered by a local company next week.

Tessa: Good. That should be all right. What about the bar?

Mum: That’s all under control. We’re having the drinks delivered next week. Tessa: Great! Have you organised the food? Are you cooking it?

Mum: What, for 70 people? You must be joking! No, I think I’ll have it done by the caterers* in the village.

Tessa: You’ll do that soon, wo n’t you? They’ll need a bit of notice.

Mum: Mmm. Of course. Now, I had the invitations printed last week. The stationer’s did them, but I haven’t had time to send them yet…

Tessa: Oh, Mum, but the party’s in ten days! Send them soon, will you, or we’ll have no guests!

Mum: Yes, I’m sorry, dear. Look, I’ll phone everyone too. I’ve been so busy with all the arrangements…

Dialogue 2 Fast Food Survey

A: Excuse me, do you mind answering a few questions?

B: No.

A: Um firstly, do you ever eat fast food.

B: Yes, yes, I do.

A: What kind of fast food do you normally eat?

B: Oh, er you know, burgers, sandwiches, well sometimes like a pizza or, you know, kebabs*.

A: Oh, right. And how often do you eat fast food? Every day, more than once a week or less than once a week?

B: Er, well Monday to Friday when I’m working er, yeah every day, um but not…not usually at the weekends.

A: And what time of day do you eat fast food?

B: Well, at work as I said, you know at lunchtime, um you know, I sort of go out

and get a burger or sandwich. Sometimes, you know, if, if I’m going out and I’ve no time to cook in the evenings then I’ll, I’ll send out for a pizza.

A: Oh, right. Do you only eat it as a main meal or do you snack between meals? B: No, only as a main meal, you know lunch or, or in the evening.

A: And what do you think of fast food? Which statements do you think are true?

Um, either“It’s convenient”

B: Oh, definitely. I mean, that’s sort of the main reason that I eat it.

A: Right. How about “It tastes good”?

B: Yeah. Um, I mean, not as good as food like in a, in a good restaurant, but it’s not bad.

A: “It’s good for you”?

B: No. Sort of eating quickly and standing up. It’s sort of bad for you. The food itself isn’t very good for you, you know there’s not enough greens, um you know, vegetables or salad.

A: Mm. How about “It’s an expensive way of eating”? What do you think of that? B: Oh, yes it is, er but you’re paying for the convenience, you know the speed of it.

Er, well, I certainly think that it’s cheaper than you know cooking your own food.

A: Er, and what about lastly “It creates litter.”Do you think that’s true?

B: Yes, yes, it does. Only I, I always put mine in a you know in a litter bin, but er unfortunately a lot of people don’t, um but in the packaging there is a lot of paper involved and plastic and sometimes polystyrene*.

Exercise B:

It is convenient and fast, thought it doesn’t taste as good as food in good a restaurant. However it is bad to one’s health because there are not enough vegetables. It is also quite an expensive way of eating, but you’re paying for the convenience. And it creates litter because in the packaging there is a lot of paper, plastic and sometimes polystyrene involved.

Part 2 Passages

Passage 1 Snack

It’s 3:15 in the afternoon and half the office just stepped out* for a coffee break. Your eyelids are starting to close and 7-11 is just around the corner. A soda or a bag of

chips would be just the thing to perk you up*. So you, too, go out for an afternoon snack.

Sometimes we eat simply because everyone else is doing it. Other times we eat when we feel tired, bored or depressed. Snacking for the wrong reasons can lead to overeating and unhealthy diet.

Of course, there are times when our bodies really need extra energy. Here are four tips to keep your snacking on the right track.

1. Know why you’re eating. Using food to change your feelings can be a dangerous habit. An order of French fries might distract* you from feeling sad for a while, but it’s only a temporary cure. Once the fries are gone, the problem is still there. If you’re feeling lonely, don’t reach into the refrigerator. Call a friend. If you’re feeling stressed, take a 10-minute walk.

2. Find a healthy pick-me-up*. If you’re truly hungry, a healthy snack can give you the boost of energy you need. If you like fresh foods, bring a small bag of tomatoes or apples slices to work whit you. To tame your sweet tooth, try a handful of dried fruit. A serving of nuts can be a perfect pick-me-up. They have the right combination of nutrients to give you the energy you need. But wait until you’re hungry to find something to eat. Plan ahead and bring something healthy whit you.

3. Eat just one serving. Don’t open up a whole box of crackers and start munching away. Instead, pull out just one serving and put away the box.

4. Think of snacks as mini-meals. Eating small, healthy snack can keep you from stuffing yourself at the next meal. Instead of eating three big meals each day, split them into four or five mini-meals. You may actually eat less food overall.

Use these tips to help you plan snacks ahead of time. The next time you have a snack attack, tame your hunger the healthy way.

Exercise A:

a soda or a bag of chips; a piece of cake; a sandwich; a small bag of tomatoes; a small bag of apple slices; a serving of nuts; a glass of low-fat-milk; a serving of crackers, etc.

Exercise B:

1. A

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. D

6. B

7. C

8. A Exercise C:

1. A soda or a bag of chips would be just the thing to perk you up.

2. Using food to change your feeling can be a dangerous habit.

3. If you’re feeling lonely, don’t reach into the refrigerator. Call a friend.

4. A serving of nuts can be a perfect pick- me-up.

5. Eating small, healthy snacks can keep you from stuffing yourself at the next meal.

Passage 2 Tips to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Breakfast fills your “empty tank”to get you going after a long night without food. And it can help you do better in school. Easy-to-prepare breakfasts include cold cereal

with fruit and low-fat milk, whole-wheat toast with peanut butter, yogurt *with fruit, whole-grain waffles or even last night’s pizza!

It’s easy to fit physical activities into your daily routine. Walk, bike or jog to see friends. Take a 10-minute activity break every hour while you read, do homework or watch TV. Climb stairs instead of taking an escalator or elevator. Try to do these things for a total of 30 minutes every day.

Snacks are a great way to refuel. Choose snacks from different food groups—a glass of low-fat milk and a few graham* crackers, an apple or celery sticks with peanut butter and raisins*, or some dry cereal. If you eat smart at other meals, cookies, chips and candy are OK for occasional snacking.

Vigorous work-outs*—when you’re breathing hard and sweating—help your heart pump better, give you more energy and help you look and feel best. Start with a warm-up that stretches your muscles. Include 20 minutes of aerobic activity, such as running, jogging, or dancing. Follow up with activities that help make you stronger such as push-ups or lifting weights. Then cool down with more stretching and deep breathing.

Being active is much more fun with friends or family. Encourage others to join you and plan one special physical activity event, like a bike ride or hiking, with a group each week.

You don’t have to gi ve up foods like hamburgers, French fries and ice cream to eat healthy. You just have to be smart about how often and how much of them you eat. Your body needs nutrients like protein*, carbohydrates*, fat and many different vitamins and minerals such as vitamins C and A, iron and calcium* from a variety of foods. Balancing food choices from the Food Guide Pyramid and checking out the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels will help you get all these nutrients.

Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. These foods give you carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins, minerals and fiber. Besides, they taste good! Try breads such as whole-wheat, bagels* and pita*. Spaghetti and oatmeal are also in the grain group.

Bananas, strawberries and melons are some great tasting fruits. Try vegetables raw, on a sandwich or salad.

A healthy eating style is like a puzzle with many parts. Each part—or food—is different. Some foods may have more fat, sugar or salt while others may have more vitamins or fiber. There is a place for all these foods. What makes a diet good or bad is how foods fit together. Balancing your choices is important. Fit in a higher-fat food, like pepperoni* pizza, at dinner by choosing lower-fat foods at other meals. And don’t forget about moderation. If two pieces of pizza fill you up, you don’t need a third. Exercise A:

People should eat natural foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today. Eat more grain fruits and vegetables.

To keep fit, you should do regular physical exercise every day, such as running, jogging, dancing or riding a bike, etc.

Exercise B:

1. B

2. C

3. D

4. A

5. A

6. D

7. B

8. D Exercise C:

1. Breakfast fills your “empty tank”to get you going after a long night without food and it can help you do better in school.

2. Walking, biking or jogging is easy to fit into your daily routine.

3. You must be smart about how often and how much of them you eat.

4. Grains, fruits and vegetables give you carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins, minerals and fiber.

5. To make a good diet you should fit foods together and balance your choices.

Part 3 News

News Item 1

In China the economy expanded at the rate of more than 9% between July and September. The government says China’s total output goods and services was 9.1% higher compared to the same period last year. The strong growth surprises most experts. They have expected expansion to slow earlier this year as the effects of disease SARS curbed* China’s transportation and travel industry. Experts now say they expect the economy to grow by 8.5% for all of this year. China has the world fastest growing major economy.

Exercise A:

This news item is about the rapid growth of China’s economy.

Exercise B:

1. F

2. F

3. F

4. T

News Item 2

World Trade Organization ministers are meeting in Montreal*, Canada. The trade ministers have been debating the issue of reducing import taxes and government aid for certain services, especially farming. Major agricultural exporters like the United States, Australia and Brazil want all import duties cut to an average of 25%. Importers such as the European Unions, Japan and some developing countries say import taxes should be cut by some reasonable percentage based on the country. The United States and European Unions are under pressure to reach a farming agreement that other WTO members can support. The WTO is also divided on the issue of providing necessary drugs to poor countries.

Exercise A:

This news item is about a world trade organization meeting on reducing taxes and government aid for certain services.

Exercise B:

The trade ministers have been debating the issue of reducing import taxes and

government aid for certain services, especially farming. Major agricultural exporters like the United States, Australia and Brazil want all import duties cut to an average of 25%. Importers such as the European Unions, Japan and some developing countries say import taxes should be cut by some reasonable percentage based on the country.

News Item 3

United Nation’s secretary General Kofi Annan has sharply criticized wealthy countries for their trade policy. His statements were read in a letter to delegates Wednesday at the World Trade Organization meeting in Cankon, Mexico. In the letter Mr Annan urged wealthy countries to lower trade barriers* and to approve new ways to develop the world for all countries. He said the delegates decision could make difference between life and death for millions of people. The meeting brings together representatives from almost 150 countries. The WTO delegates are expected to discuss agricultural, trade and other issues. The delegates hope the talk will lead to a trade agreement by the end of 2004. Protestors have demonstrated around the world against the five-day meeting.

Exercise A:

This news item is about the WTO meeting being held in Mexico.

Exercise B:

Directions: Listen to the news item again and answer the questions.

1. What has Mr Kofi Annan sharply criticized?

Mr Kofi Annan has sharply criticized wealthy countries for their trade policy.

2. What did Mr Annan urge in the letter to delegates of WTO meeting?

In the letter Mr Annan urged wealthy countries to lower trade barriers and to approve new ways to develop the world for all countries.

3. What are the WTO delegates expected to discuss?

The WTO delegates are expected to discuss agricultural, trade and other issues. 4. What do the delegates hope?

The delegates hope the talk will lead to a trade agreement by the end of 2004.

5. Are there any people who are against the meeting?

Yes, protestors have demonstrated around the world against the five-day meeting.

Section Three Oral Work

How long can anyone live in Germany without a purchase of either a cold stein *of beer or a clock? It didn’t take long for the beer, but my search for just the right clock took a few years.

In my search I found a cuckoo clock, an old French Tic-Tac clock, and a gold time piece giving the precise time anywhere in the world. Than came the grandmother clock with the lovely crystal panes*—but still no chiming grandfather clock.

Suddenly I received a phone call from a friend. She knew a man whose mother had to move out of her home and furniture was being sold. She asked whether I was interested in a very old clock.

I made the trip into the countryside and found a small German home with lovely flower gardens.

The family greeted me as a long-lost friend. We had coffee and apple cakes and then we headed for the attic.

I knew the minute I saw him—the old grandfather. Surely he would be expensive!

I said, “Yes!”

We returned to our coffee and I asked the big question. “How much?”

I paid 45 German Marks in cash, one large can of peaches, a pound of coffee, and

a box of Lipton Tea.

Section Four Supplementary Exercises

An estimated 135 million people have low vision.40 to 50 million others cannot see at all. Healthy experts warm that the number of blind people will increase sharply as the world population grows, and grows older. They say the number of blind people could almost double by 2020.

Yet the World Healthy Organization says that in eight out of ten cases, blindness can be cured or avoided. October the ninth was World Sight Day. A campaign called vision 2020 released* materials to help government and health workers develop national plans to prevent blindness.

Vision 2020 is a joint effort of the WHO and International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. The goal is to end prevention blindness by 2020. The campaign targets four main causes.

Cataracts cause the lens of the eye to become cloudy. In most of Africa and Asia, cataracts cause at least half the cases of blindness that can be cured. A simple operation can remove cataracts*.

Trachoma* is an infectious disease spread person-to-person and by insects. Trachoma causes about 15 percent of all cases of blindness. Most of the cases are in Africa. The disease can be treated with antibiotic medicines and an operation to correct the damage.

The disease known as river blindness is also found mostly in Africa. Flies spread the infection. A yearly treatment of the drug Mectizan can control the disease.

Finally, a lack of vitamin A as a result of poor nutrition is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children.

Vision 2020 says that every five seconds another person in the world goes blind. Most blind people live in developing, nations. India has at least nine million. About six million are in China, and seven million in Africa. Officials estimate that the world economy loses about 28,000 million dollars each year from curable blindness.

A resolution passed by the World Health Assembly in May urges all governments to develop national plans to prevent blindness.

Exercise A:

1. The world Sight Day is on October the ninth.

2. The World Health Organization says in eight out of ten cases, blindness can be

cured or avoided.

3. A campaign called Vision 2020 aims at the prevention of blindness.

4. The blindness that can be cured or avoided mostly occurs in developing nations. Exercise B:

1. Name: Cataracts

Treatment: A simple operation can remove cataracts.

2. Name: Trachoma

Treatment: Antibiotic medicines and an operation can correct the damage.

3. Name: River blindness

Treatment: The drug Mectizan can control the disease.

4. Malnutrition leads to a lack of vitamin A.

Treatment: Food and medicine with ample vitamin A can cure the disease. Exercise C:

Your opinion

Directions: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics. “Most blind people live in developing nations. About six million are in China.”

1. What part of area in China do you think most blind people live?

2. What suggestions could you put forward to prevent blindness?

Unit 2

Section One Tactics for Listening

Part 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent

1. A: My brother is an accountant. He builds bridges.

B: But engineers (↘) build bridges (↗).

2. A: When are you going to New York? ;

B: I' m flying ( ↗) at ten o'clock ( ↘).

3.A: How long have you been able to speak French?

B: I've been learning French (↗) for six years (↘),

4.A: When did you last see Mike?

B: Tuesday (↘) was the last time I saw him (↗).

5.A: Do I turn it on with this switch?

B: Press the red one (↘) not the black one (↗).

Exercise:

1.a

2.b

3.b

4.a

5.a

Part2 Listening and Note-taking

Ralph Nader

Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn't have a car or a TV set. He doesn't have many clothes and he doesn't care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn't smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.

When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled "Unsafe at Any Speed," which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make car safer.

After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was the quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader's work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.

Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.

Exercise A:

1. Ralph Nader is a man of few p ossessions.

2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.

3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.

4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.

5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.

Exercise B:

Ralph Nader

I.Ralph Nader, a man of few possessions

A. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment.

B. He doesn't have a car or a TV set.

C. He doesn't have many clothes.

D. He doesn't care about money.

II. His early efforts to make car safer

A.He talked about the dangers of car, and how bad car design caused the deaths of

so many people each year at parties.

B.After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled "Unsafe at Any

speed.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/744708736.html,ter, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in

car accidents were because of badly-made cars.

D. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make car safer.

III

His interests in something very different

A. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages

and hamburgers

B. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts.

a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.

b. The second was to protect people from radiation.

c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.

IV. Ralph Nader. one of the most influential people in the United States

A. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.

Section Two Listening Comprehension

Part 1 Dialogues

Dialogue 1Give Them Time to Get to Know You

Father: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?

Daughter: I don't know.

Father: It couldn't be yours?

Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven't any friends there?

Father: No, that you haven't got any friends.

Daughter: But I've told you! They're not very friendly there. They never talk

to me! They just leave me alone.

Father: But why?

Daughter: How should I know?

Father: Isn't it possible it's because you're not very friendly towards them?

Daughter: What do you mean?

Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation?

Daughter: I've told you! They're not interested in talking to me.

Father: How do you know?

Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in v groups!

Father: Yes, but why don't you sit with one of the groups?

Daughter: Don't be silly. I couldn't. It would be awful!

Facher: why?

Daughter: It just would. That's all.

Father: How do you know?

Daughter: I just do!

Father: Well, you'll never make friends if you don't try, will you? I mean, you've got to meet them, too, at least half way.

Daughter: It just wouldn't work!

Father: You know what I think. I think you're just saying that because you're impatient.

Daughter: Impatient? Me?

Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child.

If you don't get what you want immediately, you get depressed and

you give up too easily!

Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you'd understand ... Father: You've only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel ...

Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!

1.T

2.T

3.F

4.T

5.T

6.T

Dialogue 2 Gestures

Number 1

Woman: You know, a "nod" -- moving your head up and down -- means ―yes‖ in most places,but not everywhere. Did you know that in

Greece a nod means "no"?

Man: It means "no" in Greece? I'm surprised.

Number 2

Man: I didn't know "raised eyebrows" means "yes" in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.

Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?

Man: Money. "Raised eyebrows" is a gesture for money in Peru. Woman: Hmm.

Number 3

Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that "tapping your head" means "I'm thinking" in Argentina.

Man: That's right.

Woman: You'd better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.

Man: Oh, it means "crazy" in Canada? I didn't know that. I'll be careful.

Number 4

Man: You know, it's interesting that in the Netherlands, "tapping your elbow" means you can't depend on someone. In Colombia, they use

the same gesture, but it has a different meaning.

Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?

Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn't like to spend money.

Woman: Oh.

Number 5

Woman: Here's an interesting one. You know how "circling your head"

means that a person's crazy?

Man: Yeah.

Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.

Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.

Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone.

Man: That's interesting.

Number 6

Man: So "flicking your chin" means "go away" in Italy, right Woman: Yes.

Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.

Woman: In Brazil? I don't know.

Man: That's right.

Woman: Huh?

Man: In Brazil, "flicking your chin" means "I don't know."

Woman: "I don't know" is the meaning?

Man: Right.

Number 7

Woman: Well, everything is "thumbs up" for my trip to Nigeria. I've never been to Africa before. I'm really looking forward to it.

Man: Ah, you'd better be careful with that expression in Nigeria. Woman: Huh?

Man: Thumbs up. In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning. Don't use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble. Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.

Number 8

Man: You said "tossing your head" means "come here" for Germans? Woman: That's right. But there axe some other meanings. In India, it means "yes." But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it

means "no."

Man: Hmm, "yes" in India, "no" in Italy. Isn't it interesting how the same thing can have suchdifferent meanings?

passage 1 Why Shouldn't you Go by First Impressions?

One shouldn't always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.

Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brother had thedifficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn't travel on the flight in question*.

question*.

Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travellers, an English couple and a little old American lady.

The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, "Mrs Pepper? May I have a few words? I'm afraid we have a problem."

"A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?"

―Would you like to come into the office‖ asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy.

"Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know."

"Er ... yes." My brother explained the position.

The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. "Young man," she said. "I don't believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I'd like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General's. In the circumstances I'd advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you're going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?" Exercise A:

Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn't go by first impressions.

Exercise B:

I.C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B Exercise C:

1. To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.

2. Recently the narrator's brother, who works for a famous American airline,

remembered the truth that the plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn't travel on the flight in question.

3. The narrator's brother chose three elderly travellers, an English couple and a

little old American lady.

4. The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while

waiting for the next flight.

5. The little old American lady advised the young man to sort out the problem

right away, otherwise he would be in a lot of trouble.

Passage 2 Communication

We hear a lot about communication these days. "All life comes back to the question of our speech, the medium through which we communicate with each other; for all life comes back to the question of our relations with one another," wrote Henry James. Just how important a part does speech play in this matter of communication?

Speech is man's most direct form of communicatlon and the uses more than any other Think for a moment of the number of people with whom you communicate in one day. There are the members of your family, friends, colleagues, employers, clients, shop assistants, and the People you may never meet but with whom you communicate over the telephone.

The main methods of communication in business -- apart from direct contact-- are the telephone, the teleprinter* and the business letter. In order to make a successful communication, it is necessary for the sender to know with whom and what he wants to communicate, and then to decide on the best means of conveying his message. The choice of which method to use depends on

several factors including the time available; length of message; whether the message is private or personal; whether a written record is required; the cost involved; the accessibility of the person to be contacted and the personal aspect.

A letter is a customary* and secure method of communicating with a person, but the telephone is more personal, and it may enable the caller to influence the recipient* by the manner in which he conducts the conversation. Also, it is often possible to receive an immediate response by making a telephone call.

Whatever method is used, it is important to remember that communication is a two-way process in which there is an act of sending and of receiving. The oral conversation is often advantageous in this respect because it is easier to determine at once whether the message has been satisfactorily understood and accepted.

The essential quality in good communication is clear speech. Mumbled, indistinct voices, in which the ends of words are non-existent, often result in misunderstanding. The speaker fails to communicate because communication is a two-way process involving a speaker and a listener. Listening is important in all branches of communication. There are some people who are so eager to contribute to a conversation that they forget that listening itself is a vital contribution. By giving others our full and courteous attention we are helping them to communicate.

Exercise A:

The essential quality in good communication is clear speech. Mumbled, indistinct voices, in which the ends of words are non-existent, often result in misunderstanding.

Exercise B:

1. D

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. A

6. B

7. C

8. D Exercise C:

1. Speech is man's most direct form of communication.

2. In order to make a successful communication, it is necessary for the sender to

know with whom and what he wants to communicate, and then to decide on the best means of conveying his or her message.

3. The telephone is more personal because it may enable the caller to influence

the recipient by the manner in which he conducts the conversation.

4. .The oral conversation is often advantageous in communication because it is easier to determine at once whether the message has been satisfactorily understood and accepted.

5. Listening is important in all branches of communication.

Part 3 News

News ltem 1

The United States has issued a new worldwide terrorism warning. The Department of Home-land Security said hijacked planes could be used in attacks similar to those on September llth two years ago. Officials said there is no specific information on dates or possible targets. Officials also warned possible

terrorist bombings or kidnappings. Also the Defense Department has cancelled

its plan for a computer website that would allow people to choose dates when

they think future terrorist attacks or murders might happen. People would have

earned money if they chose the correct dates. Defense Department officials said

the website could have provided early warning about future attacks.Opponents

strongly condemn the plan.

Exercise A:

This news item is about a new worldwide terrorism warning in the USA.

Exercise B:

I. The United States has issued a new worldwide terrorism warning.

1. Hijacked planes could be used in attacks similar to those on September llth two years

ago.

2. Officials also warned possible terrorist bombings or kidnappings.

II. The Defense Department has cancelled its plan for computer website.

1.This website would allow people to choose dates when they think future terrorist

attacks or murders.

2. Defense Department officials said the website could have provided early warning

about future attacks

3. Opponents strongly condemn the plan.

News Item 2

A truck bomb has killed at least 35 people in a Russian military hospital in

the town of Musdak. Many others were injured. The force of the explosion

destroyed the building. The town is the main military center for Russian forces

fighting Chechen* separatists. Reports say about 150 people were in the hospital

at the time of the explosion. The number of those killed is expected to increase

as emergency worker continue to search for bodies: No one has claimed responsibility for the attack. A Chechen spokesman denied the responsibility for

the bombing. The attack is the 8th bombing in Russia in less than 3 months. Five

bombings have happened in or near Cbechnya*.

Exercise A:

This news about the 8th bombing that occurs in Russia

Exercise B:

Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday

after a deadly bombing in Jakarta*. At least 13 people were killed when a car

bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by a

United States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. The explosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.

Exercise A:

This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years,

Exercise B:

1. F

2. T

3. F

4. F

5. T

6. T

Section three oral work

Retelling

As Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hounded by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion, As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it. Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.

They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, "Mother? Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.

Section Four oral work

College Costs in the U.S.

A new report says the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased 14 percent this year. This is the biggest increase in tuition* in 30 years. But the study also found that the average student pays a lot less than the published costs of a college education, because of grants*. And it points out that American students received a record amount of financial aid last year.

Students do not have to repay grants, unlike financial aid in the form of loans. About half of American college students receive grants. This means that education costs differ from student to student.

The report is from the College Board. This is a non-profit membership group of schools and other educational organizations. One of its best-known jobs is to administer* college entrance tests.

The College Board says tuition at two-year public colleges rose at the same rate as four-years schools.

The College Board says the increases were mainly caused by cuts in state spending on education. But a congressman says colleges have increased their prices in both good and bad economic times.John Baehner [pronounced bay-ner] of Ohio is chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. He says colleges do not want to talk about their decisions to spend money to

build things like rock-climbing walls.

The College Board collected information from 4,000 colleges and universities. It says the average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state is 10,600 dollars. While tuition rose 14 percent this year, housing and other costs increased at a lower rate.

At a private college, total charges are almost 27,000 dollars. That is an increase of about six percent over last year.

David Ward is president of the American Council on Education. His group represents colleges and universities. Mister Ward called the College Board findings bad news. But he says percentage increases in tuition do not tell the whole story. He says there was good news about grants and other

student aid.

The College Board says financial aid for the last school year reached 105,000 million dollars. That amount was up sharply from the year before.

Exercise A:

1. Because of grants, the average student pays a lot less than the published costs

of a college education.

2. Two forms of financial aid for the students are grants and loans.

3. When students receive loans, they have to repay them later.

4. The increases in tuition are mainly caused by cuts in state spending on

education.

5. The total charge for the students who live at a college includes tuition,

housing and other costs.

Exercise B:

l. This year the cost of studies at public colleges in the United States increased

14 percent.

2. The average total charge for students who live at a public college in their state

is 10.600 dollars.While at a private college, total charges are almost 27.000 dollars.

3. The above information is collected from

4.000 colleges and universities.

4. It is said that this year's increase in the cost of studies is the biggest one in 30

years.

5. American students received a record amount of financial aid last year, which

reached 105.000 million dollars~

Exercise C:

Your opinion

Directions: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics.

"The cost of studies at public colleges in the United States bas increased this year and at the private colleges, the tuition has also increased."

1．If you are going to study in the United States, which college would you prefer,

a public college or a private college? Why?

2. How will you attempt to cope with the high tuition and living cost?

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Exercise:
1. a
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. b
Part2 Listening and Note-talking Driving Carefully
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Unit 12 Section One T actics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, link-ups and contractions. [Sound of busy street] Jeff: Hi, Carl, (I) What’s up? Carl: Hey, Jeff. We're (2) on our way to see that new comedy Running From the Mob. Want to (3) go with us? Jeff: I (4) hear it's really funny. Carl: Y eah, it's got a lot of good (5) people in it. Should be great. Let's go. Jeff: Ah, I (6) wish I could, but I've got to study. Carl: Well, maybe next time. Y ou're (7) missing a good thing. Jeff: I know. (8) Got to go. See you. Carl: Bye. Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking TAPESCRIPT Exercise: Complete the passages as you listen to it. The (1) first thing I do at the office is to (2) open all the boss?s letters, I (3) answer the easy ones and I (4) leave the difficult ones on the (5)

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施心远主编《听力教程》1(第2版)Unit8听力原文和答案第八单元 第一部分语音吉尔和莫妮卡去了一家旅行社。 xx:我们想预订一个长周末假期。 职员:夫人，您想去哪里？xx:xx。 职员:你想在xx呆在哪里？ 莫妮卡:我们不确定。你会推荐哪家酒店？职员:洋红色住宅非常好，而且很便宜。我建议你呆在那里。 莫妮卡:吉尔，你觉得怎么样？吉尔:好的。这就是我们要做的。 职员:请填写这张表格好吗？吉尔:我们用支票支付可以吗？职员:当然，没关系。听力和笔记它有四个轮子，通常可以载一个人，但也可以载两个人。它的最高速度约为每小时6公里，重量约为15公斤。 它价值72英镑。 B.这辆车大约值50英镑 5000。它的时速可达160公里，可以舒适地搭载四个人。空的时候它重695公斤。有四个轮子。 C.这些两轮车很受青少年的欢迎。它们速度很快，但远不如汽车A或b安全。这款车的最高时速为224公里，重量为236公斤。它可以载一两个人，价值1700英镑。 D.这辆车，多少钱 65，000，通常用于公共交通。它有两层甲板，或者说两层楼，满员时可以载72人。它的最大速度是每小时110公里，但通常不会超过80公里。它有六个轮子，重9000公斤。

E.这辆车是由两个国家合作制造的。它以每小时2160公里的速度行驶，比声音传播速度快，最多可载100人。当它满载乘客和燃料时，它重175，000公斤。它有十个轮子。每辆车的生产成本都高达数亿英镑——具体成本是多少还不得而知。 F.“车轮怎么可能”“两个” “它有多重？”“十三公斤半。”“多少钱？”“140英镑” “它能载多少人？”“只有一个”“最高速度？” “这要看情况。对大多数人来说，大约每小时25公里。”练习B轮子的数量它能承载多少人？最高速度(以kph为单位)重量(以千克为单位)价格(以磅为单位)A 4 1-2 6 15 72 B 4 4 160 695 C 2 1-2 224236D 6 72 110 9，000 E 10 100 2，160 175，000 / F 2 1 25 13.5 140 5，000 1，700 65，000第二部分听力理解第一部分对话1 记者:那么你是从xx来的？ 女人:没错。我们已经在这里呆了大约两个半星期，在我们回去之前还有三天时间。 记者:你去过这里的剧院吗？？ 女人:哦，是的。剧院、歌剧、音乐会等等。我们在剧院看到了一些壮观的东西，非常精彩——表演、舞台布景、整个气氛，真的，太棒了。 记者:你认为你最喜欢哪部戏？女:很难说。呃，莎士比亚的戏剧，非常精彩，然后我们昨晚看了一部喜剧，非常有趣，我喜欢。我不知道，这是非常有趣的两周，我想我已经享受了我所看到的大部分事情。 记者:那么接下来是什么？ 女人:银行！明天早上我打算再兑现一些旅行支票。你知道，在伦敦你可以花很多钱。没关系，这是值得的。这是我很久以来最激动人心的两周。我想如果可以的话，我明年会回来的。如果我还有足够的钱，那就是！

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UNIT 3 Section 1 Tactics For Listening Part 1 Phonetics Exercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, fink-ups and contractions. Friend: Hi, Linda. I hear you and John got married (1)last month. Linda: Yeah, we did, (smiling) Three weeks (2) ago. Friend: Well. Congratulations! Linda: Thank you. Friend: Did you (3) have a big wedding Linda: No, we got (4) married at City Hall. We didn't want to spend very much because (5) we're saving to buy a house. Friend: Where did you (6) have the reception Linda: Oh~ we (7) did n’t have a reception. We just (8) invited a few friends over for drinks afterwards. Friend: What (9) did you wear' Linda: Just a skirt and blouse Friend: Oh! Linda: And John wore a (10) jacket and jeans. Friend: Where did you (11) go for your honeymoon Linda: We (12) didn't have a honeymoon. We went back to work the next day Ah, here comes (13) my bus. Friend: Listen. (14) I'd love to help celebrate. Why don't you two (15) come over for a drink next week' Linda: Sure. We'd love to. (16)I’ll talk to John and (17) call you Monday.