小学英语知识点归纳
小学英语知识点归纳
1、话题
(1) 字母：(大小)辨认、书写顺序: Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm N n Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz.
元音字母：A a , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu
半元音字母: Yy
书写容易错误的字母：E , F , G, M, N, d, i, p, q, x, y.
(2) 数字：基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物等.
基数词: One, two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten , eleven, twelve, thirte en, fourteen, fifteen…twenty, twenty-one…thirty, forty, fifty…eighty, ninety, one/a h undred , one/a hundred and one…two hundred.
序数词: first , second , third , fourth , fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth…twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, twenty-four…thi rtieth, fortieth, fiftieth…eightieth, ninetieth…
相关句型: 1) What’s thirty and forty? That comes to seventy.
2) What’s your telephone number? My telephone number is 83555723.
3) What time is it ? It’s half past ten.
4) When do you usually get up ? At six thirty-five.
5) Where do you live? I live at No.48 Renmin Road.
6) How old are you? I’m twelve.
7) How much does it cost? It costs 50 yuan.
8) How many cars have you got? I have got 6 cars.
9) How many birds can you see in the tree? I can see 3.
10) How many dolls are there on the bed? There is one/a doll.
11) How many dolls are there on the bed? There are four dolls.
12) Which floor do you live on? I live on the fifth floor.
13) Excuse me, can you tell me the way to Baiyun hotel?
Yes, go down this street, then turn left at the third crossing….
14) Who’s the fifth girl from the right? She’s my cousin.
注意：数词的应用; 不可数名词及它的量的表示方法;many与much在用法上的区别; there is/are与have/has在用法上的区别.
(3)颜色：实物的颜色
colours: red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, grey, dark blue, light blue.
相关句型: 1) What colour is your coat? It’s ...
2) What’s your favourite colour? My favourite colour is …
(4)时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻
year, season( spring, summer, autumn, winter) ,
month: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, O ctober, November, December.
Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.
Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second)
Time: (an) hour, minute, second
10:05 (five minutes past ten, ten o five)
10:10 (ten minutes past ten, ten ten)
10:15 (quarter past ten, ten fifteen)
10:30 (half past ten, ten thirty)
10:45 (quarter to eleven, ten forty-five)
11:00 (eleven o’clock)
相关句型: 1) How old is your mother? She’s thirty-six years old.
2) How many months are there in a year? There are 12.
3) When’s your birthday? My birthday is on 15th January ( the fifteenth of Jan uary).
4) When do you get up? I get up at six o’clock.
5) When does spring last? It lasts for 3 months from March to May.
6) What time is it? It’s quarter to nine.
(5)食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品
food : meat, rice, fish, bread, egg, cake,
drinks : water, milk ,orange/apple/water melon/banana/strawberry juice ,coke, co ffee, black/green tea…
相关句型: 1) Would you like something to drink/eat? Yes, I’d like some…
No, thanks .
2) Would you like to eat/drink? I’d like to eat/drink…
No, thanks .
3) What’s your favourite food/drink? My favourite food/drink is …
4) Could I have some…? Yes, please .
(6)服装：服装的颜色:人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴;
所属关系
clothes: hat, cap, coat, shirt , T-shirt, skirt, dress, sweater, jacket, trousers, soc k, shoe
put on, wear
所属关系: 形容词性的物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their
名词性的物主代词: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
相关句型: 1) What does it look like? It likes wearing a blue shirt.
2) Whose shoes are these? They’re mine.
They’re Tom’s .
3) Is this /that/it your book? Yes, it is.
No, it isn’t.
4) Is this pencil yours? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
5) Are these /those/they your coats and trousers?
Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
6) Are those clothes theirs? Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
7) This is my hat. That hat is his.
注意：名词单，复数;物主代词(名词性的物主代词，形容词性的物主代词);名词所有格，如：T om’s , my father’s , the teachers’.
(7)玩具和文具：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置
T oys: doll, toy…
文具: desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, chair, ball
存在的位置: in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, in the front of , in the middle of, at the back of…(a place/a person).
相关句型: 1) There is a cup of tea on the table.
2) There are some oranges in the fridge.
3) Is there any milk in the glass? Yes, there is.
No, there isn’t.
4) Are there any oranges in the fridges?
Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.
5) What’s under the desk?
There is an orange. / There are some oranges.
(8)日常生活用品：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置
words: shelf, table, clock, brush, telephone, light, computer, bike, fridge, glass, knife, keyboard, bottle, box, plate, photo, photograph, fax, radio, super-market,book store,noodles/cake/clothes/shoe/TV shop.
特点: big, small, heavy, light, white, black, empty, full, old, new, beautiful, cute, tall, short, strong, plump, nice, good, bad…
(9)动物：家畜、家禽;农场动物、动物园及野生动物的特点;生活地点和所属关系
words(animals): cat, dog, duck, goose (geese) fish, sheep, bird, panda, monke y, rabbit, hen , cock, chicken, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice),giraffe,dolphin, 生活地点：at home, in a farm, in a zoo …
所属关系：同上话题(7)
(10)植物：特点、所属关系;存在的位置
words: tree, rose, flower, leaf(leaves) …
(11)环境与建筑：特点、所属关系;存在的位置
buildings: factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post offic e, bank, police station, train station, sports stadium, department store, store, school, classroom, house: bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, washroom,kitchen, garden…
房子的基本构造：door, gate, wall, window, floor…
相关句型: 1) Where do you study at ? I study at Longdong Primary School.
2) Where does your mother work at ? She works at a hospital.
3) Let’s meet at the gate of the park.
4) My brother is playing in the garden.
(12)身体：特点
body: head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, shoulder, hand, finger, foot (fee t) ,toe…
外貌: fat, thin, plump , tall, short, old, young, round face, two big blue eyes, lo ng hair, short hair, black hair ,white hair…
相关句型: 1) I’m /You’re /He’s/She’s /We’re /They’re (not) tall.
2) Is he/she tall or short? He’s /She’s tall (short).
3) I/We/They/You have (got) black hair.
4) He/She has ( got ) a round face.
5) Has he/she got long hair ? Yes, he/she has.
No, he/she hasn’t.
注意：描述人的外貌时，have与has用法上的区别; 形容词的用法，如:tall, short, o ld, young, black , long…
(13)个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好
age, year, address, e-mail address, hobby,
hobby: collecting stamps(coins) , going swimming…doing sth
相关句型: 1) How old are you ? I’m thirteen years old.
2) I’m a thirteen-year old boy.
3) What’s your address? I live at No.48 Renmin road.
4) What’s your e-mail address? My e-mail address is 123VIP@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7d5004396.html,.
5) What’s your hobby? My hobby is going running.
Or : I like going running.
6) I /You/ They like music.
7) He likes sightseeing.
8) Do you like reading? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
9) Does he /she like playing basketball?
Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesn’t.
注意：描述个人的喜好时：名词和动词- ing 形式作宾语; 主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化。
动词ing的变化规律：1)直接加ing ，如：open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-me eting, sing-singing, study-studying, …
2) 去掉词尾不发音的e ，如：take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-drivin g, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, …
3) 重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加ing , 如：sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beg inning , get-getting, swim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, become-becoming, …
主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同)：1) 直接加s，如：cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes,…
2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+es , 如: teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catche s, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, …
3) 辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i ，+es，如：fly-flies, worry-worries, carry-carries,…
4) 以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es.
5) 特殊：have-has, …
(14)家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱
好：与你的关系
words: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mu m), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend
相关句型: 1) Is he/she Tom’s cousin? Yes, he/she is.
No, he/she isn’t.
2) Who’s he/she? He’s/She’s my friend.
3) How many people are there in your family? Who are they?
There are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me.
注意：1)名词单复数，如：family-families;
名词单数--复数规律: 1) 直接加s，如：boy-boys, term-terms,
2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+es , 如: box-boxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, coac h-coaches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-matches,
3) 辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i ，+es，如：baby-babies, lady-ladies, factory-fa ctories, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches ,
4) 以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shel f-shelves, …
5) 特殊: man-men, policeman-policemen, woman-women, child-children, goose-g eese, tooth-teeth, foot-feet,
6) 不变: hair, milk, tea, coffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, people, fis h, sheep, …
2) 名词所有格，表明是“谁的”如：my cousin’s , his parents’
它的构成规则：单数名词后+“’s”，Mike’s mother.
复数名词词尾有，其后只+“’”，Teachers’Da教师节.
若是两人共有时，只在后者+ “’s ”,
Jim and Tom’s mother.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。
不是两者所共有的，两者都+ “’s ”,
Jim’s and Tom’s mother.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。
名词若是无生命，所有格构成用of,
a map of China.一幅中国地图
(15)学校：学校建筑和学校生活
words: school building, classroom, dormitory, playground, library…
subjects: Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, biology, politics , history, meeting, geography…
相关句型: 1) What’s your favourite subject? English.
2) Where’s the library? It’s behind the dormitory.
3) When do you go to school? At 7:20.
4) When does Chinese begin on Monday? At Eight o’clock.
5) Does geography begin at twenty to ten on Monday? Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.
6) We’re having an English class.
(16)社交礼仪：礼貌用语;询问与应答
1.Greetings: Hello! Hi! Good morning/afternoon/evening.
How are you ? Fine, thanks. And you?
Please say hello to your parents for me.
2. Introduction: My name is …I’m a pupil. I’m new here. This is Mr/Mrs/Miss White.
Hello, nice to meet you .
3. Farewells: Goodbye/Bye-bye/Bye.
See you then/tomorrow.
Good night.
It’s late. I must go home now.
Thanking for coming.
4. Thanks: Thank you (very much).
You’re welcome.
Not at all.
5. apologies: Sorry. I’m sorry. That’s all right. Excuse me.
6. Incitation: Will you go shopping with me?
Would you like to go ?
I’d love to . Thank you.
7. Asking for permission: May I have an apple ?
Could /Can I use your bike?
Sure. Certainly. Yes, of course. Yes, do please.
8. Expressing wishes: Happy birthday! Thank you.
9. Offering help: Can I help you? What can I do for you?
10. Making appointments: Are you free tomorrow? What about tomorrow aftern oon?
Let’s meet at the gate at 7:50.
Shall we visit the museum?
11. Hello! May I speak to Kate? Speaking/It’s Kate here.
Who’s this/that, please ?
12. Taking meals: Would you like something to eat/drink?
Would you like some fish/meat?
13. Shopping : Can I help you ,sir?
What can I do for you, sir ?
What about this one?
Do you like this one?
I want /I’d like some oranges.
How much is the shirt /are the socks?
It’s to small. Two kilos, please .
I’ll take it.
14. Asking the way: Excuse me. Where is the Guangzhou
Library?
Can you tell you me the way to the Garden Hotel, please?
Can I take this bus to Beijing Road?
Is there a hotel near here?
It’s over there. Turn right/legt
(17)国家与城市：地理位置;特点
Countries: China, Japan, America (the USA), English( the UK), Australia, Russi a, Canada, Italy, India, France,
Nationalities: Chinese, Japanese, American, Englishman, Australian, Russian, C anadian, Italian, Indian, French,
相关句型: 1) Where’s Japan? It’s to the east of China.
2) Where does your friend come from? She comes from English.
3) Where are they from? They’re from Russia.
4) What country do you from? I come from China.
5) What country is he from? He’s from France.
6) What language does she speak? She speaks French.
7) What language do they speak? They speak Chinese.
(18)天气：气候特征
weather : hot, cold, cool, warm, sun, shine, sunny, rain ,heavy rain, light rain, rainy, wind, strong wind, windy, snow , heavy snow, light snow snowy, cloud, cloud y…
temperature: 15 ( fifteen degrees centigrade), 0 (zero degree centigrade), -5 (m inus degrees centigrade)…
相关句型: 1) What’s the weather like in spring? It’s warm, rainy and wet.
2) What will the weather be like there? It will be sunny.
3) Is it snowing? Yes, it is a snowy day.
4) Will there be cloudy? Yes, there will.
5) The sun is shining.
6) I like taking a warm bath.
(19)节日：节日的特点;节日的活动
festivals : New Year’s Day, Spring Festival, Women’s Day, April foolish Day, M ay Day, Mother’s Day, Children’s Day, Father’s Day, Party’s Day, Army’s Day, Mid-autumn Festival, Teachers’Day , National Day, Thanks Giving Day, Christmas Day.
New Year’s Day: 1st January.
Spring Festival: It’s the Chinese New Year. It’s the first day of the Chinese ye ar. It’s a very special festival for all Chinese people. It is usually at the end of Jan
uary or the beginning of February /in late January or early February. The children can get “lucky money”.
Women’s Day: It’s on 8th March.
April Foolish Day: on 1st April, on this day, people can play jokes to their frien ds.
May Day: 1st May, laborers’day.
Mother’s Day: on the second Sunday of May.
Children’s Day: on June 1st.
Father’s Day: on the third Sunday in June.
Party’s birthday: in China, it’s on 1st July.
Army’s Day: in China, it’s on 1st August.
Mid-autumn Festival: on 15th August of Chinese lunar calendar. In China , peo ple eat special cakes calls moon cakes and watch the full moon.
T eachers’Day: on 10th September.
National Day: in China, it’s at the beginning of October.
Thanks Giving Day: the last Thursday in November, it’s American festival.
Christmas Day: December 25th.
(20)方位：人或物的位置;问路与应答
place : in, on ,at, under, near, next to, beside, behind, in front of , in the front of , in the middle (of ), back, on the right/left, the second/…person from the right/l eft
A: Excuse me. Where’s the department store?
Can you tell me the way to the Garden Hotel, Please?
Can I take this bus to Beijing Road?
Is there a hotel near here?
B: It’s over there.
Turn right /left at the first crossing. The hotel is on the right/left.
I’m sorry, I don’t know.
(21)正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事be doing something
1) I’m/You’re/He’s /She’s /We’re/They’re (not) working.
2) Are you playing football? Yes, I am/we are.
3) Is he/she taking exercise? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn’t.
4) Are they going shopping? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
5) What are you doing? I’m/We’re cleaning the room.
6) What’s he/she doing? He’s/She’s having supper.
7) What are they doing? They’re reading.
(22)日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动daily routine
get up brush one’s teeth, wash one’s face, make breakfast , have breakfast, g o to school/work, do morning exercises, have classes, play basketball, play football, run ,jump, go home, have lunch, have supper, do one’s homework, watch TV, do some reading, take a bath, go to bed
1) What time do you get up? I usually get up at 6 o’clock.
2) Shen Zhen often takes a bath at 9 o’clock in the morning.
3) My mother is never late for work.
(23)计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作和发生的事be going to do …
1) I’m/You’re /He’s/She’s /We’re/They’re (not) going to visit the museum.
2) Are you going to swim? Yes, I am/we are. No, I’m not/we aren’t.
3) Is he/she going to see Miss Wang? Yes, he/she is. No, he/she isn’t.
4) What are you going to do tomorrow? I’m /We’re going to visit the farm.
5) I/You/He/She/They/We will go skiing.
6) Are you going to be busy tomorrow? Yes, I am/we are.
go swimming, go shopping, go climbing, go skiing, go walking, go running, go fishing, go skating, go sightseeing,…
(24)能力和可能：可能进行的动作和发生的事
1) I/You/He/She/We/They can(can’t) come here tomorrow.
2) Can he/she visit the factory today? Yes, he/she can. No, he/she can’t.
3) Can they go by bus? Yes, they can. No, they can’t.
4) May I visit the factory this afternoon? Yes, of course /Sure/Certainly.
5) May I sit here? Yes, of course/please do.
注意: 情态动词can的用法, can do (+动词原形).
实用短语归纳
1. put down 放下shut down 把…关上cut down 砍掉
come down下来、落下slow down 减缓、放慢sit down 坐下
write down 写下get down 下来,降落
2. after all 毕竟.终究after that 于是.然后day after day 日复一日地
one after another 相继.挨次soon after 不久以后the day after tomorrow 后天
3. come up with 找到、提出catch up with 赶上wake up 弄醒、醒来
send up 发射open up 开设、开办grow up 长大
pick up 拾起、捡起hands up 举手eat up 吃光
clean up 打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事
4. arrive at/in + n. 到达get to +n.到达reach + n.到达arrive / get +adv.到达
5. get…back 退还, 送回去.取回give back 归还come back 回来
at the back of 在…的后面on the way (back)home 在回家路上
6. at least 至少at breakfast 早餐时at desk 在桌前at once 立刻,马上at school 在上学at the same time 同时at work 在工作
be good at=do well in 善长laugh at 嘲笑not…at all 一点也不at first 起初
at night 在晚上at noon 中午at the age of // when sb. was…years old 在…岁时at last / in the end / finally 最后、终于at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初
at the end of 在…终点、结尾at the moment /now 现在at the foot of在…脚下at Christmas 在圣诞节at any moment 任何时候at times(sometimes)有时, 偶尔at the doctor’s 在医务室be bad at不善长
7.for example 例如for ever 永远be good for 对…有益be bad for对…有害for long=for a long time 长期for short 简称be short for是…的简称
TV is short for “television”
8. come true 实现come down 下来come from=be from 来自, 出生于
come in/into 进入,进来come on 赶快come over 过来come along 走吧,过来,快点come and go 来来去去come up 上来come out 出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来
9.even though=even if 即使、虽然、尽管
10. be pleased with 对…感到满意be covered with 被…覆盖
be expected to do sth.被期望做某事be proud of 以…自豪
speak highly of 称赞be afraid of害怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某人的来信) of cause=certainly当然可以plenty of= a lot of许多
11.by the way 顺便说by oneself 单独,独自by the end of到…为至
by the time (引起时间状语从句) 到…的时候one by one依次
by air / plane 乘飞机by bus / train / car 乘公共汽车/ 火车/轿车
(catch a bus赶公交车get on / off the bus上/下车take a bus to…=go to …by bus乘车去)
12.do / try one’s best 尽力do one’s homework 做家庭作业do (the/some) shopping 购物
do the cooking 烹饪do some cleaning 打扫
do the / some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do with sb / sth.处理well done干得好
13.early in the morning 一大早in the early spring 初春in my early days 我幼年时期early bus 早班车
14.make a contribution to 贡献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb. /ring sb. up /give sb. a call /phone sb. 给某人打电话connect…to…把…与…连接起来be close to 靠近(某地)
give birth to生(孩子) lose to sb输给sb .
15.either…or…或者…或者.. on either side of the stree t街道任何一边
(on each side of the street 街道每一边on both sides of the street街道两边)
16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续) keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行) practise doing sth. 练习做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事finish doing sth.做完某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)
17.go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事) go straight along 沿着…一直往前走
go down下降, go for a walk散, go over复习go shopping买东西, go to the cinema 去看电影
go well进展顺利, go off to 动身前往, go out外出, go to work去上班, go up上升, want a go 想试一试
18. think about 考虑(think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到think over 仔细考虑think out
想出)
talk about 谈论, worry about 担心, How / What about…?…怎么样?
19.borrow…from …从…借…. (lend…to…把…借给…) from door to door 挨家挨,
from time to time 时时from now on 从今以后from then on 从那以后
be different from与…不同learn…from…向…学习
20.get dressed 穿衣get into进入get / be lost丢失get off / on下/上车
get on well with sb. 与某人相处得好get out of从…出来get ready for +n.为…做准备get ready to do sth.准备做某事get / go to sleep (fall asleep) 入睡(be asleep睡着) get warm 变暧get well康复get a chance 有机会、得到机会
21. look for 寻找wait for 等候look after=take care of照看look like看起来像
look over 检查,复习look out 小心,从里向外看look the same 看起来一样
look up 向上看,查单词, look around 环视look forward to 期望look through 温习,检查
22. set off 出发、动身put off 推迟keep off 避开、不靠近… drop off 放下(某物)
turn off 关jump off 跳离, take off 脱(衣) (飞机)起飞
23. half a kilo 半千克half an hour 半小时in half 分成两半half of the day 半天
24. do eye exercises 做眼保健操do morning exercises 做早操
take (more) exercise (多)参加体育锻炼an exercise book 练习本
25. take part in 参加hand in 上交in hospital 住院in surprise 吃惊地in the sun 在阳光下in trouble 处于困境in a minute / moment 马上
26. leave for…动身去某地
27 feed on 以…为主食live on 继续活着base on 以…为根据carry on 坚持、继续下去and so on 等等on the other hand 另一方面on foot 步行
28. be famous for 以..著名be excited about +n./V-ing 对…感到兴奋be interested in 对…感兴趣be born出生be busy with sth.— be busy doing sth. 忙于…be amazed at 对..感到惊讶
29. move away 移开move to (搬)移到
30. search the Internet上网
31. make sure 确信make a dialogue 编对话make a mistake 犯错误by mistake 由于疏忽
make a noise 吵闹make faces 做鬼脸make friends (with) 和..交朋友make room for 给..让地方make tea 沏茶make money 赚钱make a decision作出决定
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7d5004396.html,ed to do sth 过去常常做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
33. leave sth+介词短语“把……忘记在某处”
34.forget to do sth. 忘记做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
decide to do sth.决定做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
35.hear sb. to do (doing)sth. 听见某人做某事
36.help sb. (to) do sth .//help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事with one’s help在某人的帮助下with pleasure 乐意
37.the summer holiday(s) 暑假the winter holiday(s)寒假
38.step into 走进pour into 倒入…
39.in the first 第一for the first time 第一次at first起初a firs t language 母语
first of all 首先
40. leave a message for sb. 给某人留条give / take sb. a message 给某人捎口信
41. take photos / pictures 照像take away拿走take out取出work out 算出
take care 当心take medicine 服药take one’s temperature 量体温
take one’s time 别着急take a walk 散步take place 发生
42. learn by oneself / teach oneself 自学learn by heart 背熟
43. a year and a half (one and a half years ) 一年半
44. have a try 尝试,努力try out 尝试、试验find out / about 找出,查明have a good / wonderful / great / time 玩得开心have a (bad) cold (重)感冒have a meeting / walk / watch 开会/散步/比赛have sports 进行体育活动
have nothing / sth. to do with 与..无(有)关have no idea 不知道
have (one’s) medicine 服药
45. offer sb sth. 某人提供某物
46.win first prize 获一等奖
47.all over the world= around the world =throughout the world 全世界
48. all kinds of 各种各样的
49. neither… nor 既不…也不….
50. not only … but also …不但…而且, both… and ……和…都
51. the more , the better 越多越好
52. all one’s life 一生
53. as soon as 一…就… as soon as possible 尽可能早地、尽快as well = too 也
as much as 至多as little as 至少regard …as 把…当作… as if 好像
54. no matter 无论…
55 ever since 从那以后,此后一直
56.so far 到目前为止or so大约
57. another two hours (=two more hours ) 又(再) 2个小时
58. three times a week 一周三次
59. the number of …的数量a (large / good) number of / large numbers of / many 许多
60.less than 少于less and less 越来越少
61.…is another way of saying …什么是..的另一说法
Quick is another way of saying fast. Bike is short for bicycle.
62. not…until…直到…才…
63.be like像feel like +n./V-ing 想要like best 最喜欢would like to 想要
64.the 24 hour clock 24小时制
65.wash away 冲走run away逃跑take away 带走
66.before long 不久long before / ago 很久以前for long =for a long time 长期
no longer = not. .any longer 不再
67.more or less = about 或多或少大约more than = over 多于,超过
68.every year 每年every four years 每隔四年every other day 每隔一天
everyday English / life 日常英语/生活
69. next to 紧挨着next door 隔壁,邻居next year 明年next time 下次
70.receive / get / have a letter from sb. = hear from sb 收到某人的来信
71.on show = on display 展览
72.be filled with / be full of 充满…
73. thank to =because of 由于
74.some day =one day (将来)某一天all day 终日day and night 日日夜夜
in a day or two 一两天内in the old days 从前,旧社会from day to day (day after day)日复一日the day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天Tree Planting Day 植树节Women’s Day 妇女节
75. keep / stop / prevent… (from) doing sth. 防止(阻止)…做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事
76.nice and +adj. = very +adj.很,非常
77. a place (places) of interest 名胜
78.three quarters of the information on the Internet 因特网上四分之三的信息two thirds of the books三分之二的书
79. credit card
80. the increasing population 增长着的人口
81 a path of travel 旅行路线
82. point at / to 指向
83. by sea = by ship 乘船by the sea = on the sea 在海边at sea在海上
84. set one’s mind to do sth. 一心想做某事
85 .multiply…by…乘以…
86. See you! 再见You see. 你知道你明白, 你瞧Let me see.让我想想see sb. Off 给某人送行see a / the doctor 看病see sb . do / doing sth. 看见某人做某事
87 some…others 一些(人,物)…其他(人,物) one…another一个..另一个(三者或以上) one…the other一个…另一个(总数二个)
88. be worn out 穿旧，磨坏check out 核实，检查write out 写出
take sth. out of 从…拿出/取出某物
89. in this way 用这种方法in a few year’s time 几年以后in space 在太空
in and out of class 在课内课外in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分钟里
in the second half 在下半场later in one’s life 在某人后半身in the air 在空中
in the open air 在户外
90.give sb. an injection 给某人打针get an injection打针
91.have been to 去过某地have gone to 到某地去了
92.here + be+ 名词+ for+某人( Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信.)
93.be far behind +某人(He is far behind others. 他落后于别人)
94. one of + adj.最高级+复数名词
95. take +某物+with +某人(You’d better take an umbrella with you.你最好带上雨伞)
96. prefer to= like…better than宁愿,更喜欢prefer + V-ing (to do sth.) ( I prefer doing (to do) it myself .我喜欢自己做那件事).
Would / should等情态动词+ prefer +不定式. (I would prefer to do it myself.我宁愿自己做那件事) , prefer +名词(v-ing) + to+名词(v-ing) (I prefer learning English to playing football.我愿意学英语而不愿踢足球) ;
prefer +不定式(名词)+ rather than + 不带to的不定式, (I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.我喜欢走着去那里,而不愿乘车) ,
prefer + 名词(代词) to do sth. (We prefer her not to come.我们宁愿她不来)
97. 人+ spend +time (money) +(in) doing sth. (I spent over two hours (in) finishing my homework. 我花了两个多小时完成家庭作业.) , 人+ spend + time (money) + on +名词, (He spent 1,000 on the TV set .他花了一千元买电视机). 人+ pay + money +for +sth. ( He
paid ten yuan for the book .他花了10元钱买那本书.) It + takes (will take, / took…) + sb. + time (money) + to do sth. (It’ll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus.乘车去那里只花你10分钟). 物+ cost + (sb.) + money, (The dictionary cost me 20 yuan .我花20元钱买了那本词典)
98. do with + sb. / sth. (What have you done with the pork ? 那些肉你怎么处理了?)
99. mind + if 从句, (Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不反对吧?) mind + V-ing, (Would you mind turning on the TV?打开电视你不反对吧?)
100. what…for? / why…? (What do you learn English for? = Why do you learn English?)
101. need + 名词(v-ing), (The students need some help.学生们需要帮助.This pair of shoes needs mending.这双鞋需要修理)
102. “be used for+ 名词(v-ing),”被用来做.. (A writing brush is used for writing.) “be used as+名词”, 被作为…使用(English is used as the first language in none of these countries. ) “be used by+动作执行者”, 被…使用,
103.be made of 由…制造(This table is made of wood .这张课桌是木制的)
be made from由…制成(This kind of paper is made from wood . 这种纸是用木材制成的)
be made in+地点, “某地制造”(These cars are made in Germany)
be made by+人, “由谁制造的” (This kite is made by Kate . )
104. more developed countries 发达国家less developed countries 不发达国家
developing countries 发展中国家
105.be worth + money (V-ing), 值…钱.值得做…This car is worth more than two million yuan in China. This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读.
106. the Summer Palace 颐和园Tian’anmen Square 天安门广场the Palace Museum 故宫the Great Hall of the People 人民大会堂the Temple of Heaven 天坛the Great Green Wall 绿色长城PLA 中国人民解放军PRC 中华人民共和国
the Party 中国共产党the League 共青团Peking Opera 京剧
107 a digital camera 数字照相机a doctor for animals = an animal doctor 动物医生108. so + 形/副+that 从句(The place is so cold that nothing can grow in winter.这地方太冷，冬天什么都不长) so + many / few+ 复数名词+that从句(He has so many books that I don’t know which one to borrow. 他有那么多书,我不知道借哪一本) so + much / little+ 不可数名词+that从句(She has so little money that she can’t buy anything .她钱太少,什么也买不到.)
so+ 形容词+a / an +单数名词+that从句(This is so good a book that all of us like reading it ) , such +a / an+ 形容词+单数名词+ that从句(This is such an interesting story that all of us like it) , such +形容词+复数名词+that从句. such +形容词+不可数名词+that从句(It is such fine weather today that many children are playing outside) 109 .tell sb about sth. 告诉某人关于某事tell sb+从句tell sb. to do sth.让某人做某事tell a lie 说谎tell a story 讲故事thank you for +n ./V-ing 谢谢你
… too +adj. / adv. + to + v.太…而不能too much (修饰名词)太多,过分
much too(修饰adj./adv.)太
110. hope / wish+不定式(或从句),wish sb. to do sth. What do you mean by…?= What does… mean?…是什么意思?
小学英语知识点总结
小学英语知识点汇总 一、小学英语形容词性物主代词 1、形容词性物主代词8个： My your his her its our your their 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、形容词性物主代词的特点： 1)译成汉语都有"的" eg:my 我的their 他们的2)后面加名词：eg:my backpack his name 3)前后不用冠词a an the This is a my eraser(错误) That is your a pen(错误) It's his the pen(错误)
3、I(物主代词)my you(物主代词)your he (物主代词)her we (物主代词) our 注：在变物主代词时，把原题所给的词加上的，再译成单词就可以了。 二、小学英语名词性物主代词 1、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词一样有8个： Mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他(她、它)们的 2、名词性物主代词的特点： 1)译成汉语都有"的" 2)后面不加名词3)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词
Eg:1、the pen is mine 钢笔是我的(mine=my pen) 以上就是小学英语名词性物主代词全文，希望能给大家带来帮助！ 三、小学英语单数的句子变成复数的句子把单数的句子成复数的句子很简单：变法是把能变成复数的词变成复数，但a或an 要把去掉。特殊疑问词、形容词、国家及地点通常不变。 Eg:把下列句子变成复数 1, I have a car ----we have cars 2, He is an American boy. ----They are American boys 3, It is a car ----They are cars
小学英语基本知识点汇总
. 个性化教学辅导教案 学员姓名：任课教师：所授科目：英语 学员年级：上课时间：年月日时分至时分共课时
3.在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。 4.在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn’t)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (don’t)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。 动词+s的变化规则 1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语be(am,is,are) 其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语行为动词( 其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 【No. 2】一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。 否定句：主语be not 其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be 主语其它。
小学英语知识点汇总(精华版)
小学英语知识点汇总 目录 第一章词汇分类集中复。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。2第二章常用短语汇总。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。5 第一节动词短语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。5第二节介词短语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。6 第三节特殊疑问词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。7 第四节缩写词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。7 第五节时间词和短语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。7 第六节常见介词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第七节时间介词at、on、in的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第三章日常用语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第一节小学生口语100句。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。8 第二节英语日常用语。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。9 第三节日常用语分类。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。12 第四章主要问句汇总。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。14第五章常用词性。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。17第一节名词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。17 第二节冠词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。22 第三节介词。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。27 第六章常见介词（连接词）的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。32 系动词B e的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。32 第二节Do的作用。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。33 第三节介词for的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。34 第四节With的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。34 第五节Some与any的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。35 第六节How many与how much的区别与用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。36 第七节H ave和ha s的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。36第八节Do和does的用法。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。36 第七章重要句型。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。37 第一节一般疑问句。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。37 第二节特殊疑问句。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。38
重点小学英语知识点归纳
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个性化教学辅导教案 学员姓名：任课教师：所授科目：英语
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“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…?/Who are you? (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：①-Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?-Yes, it is、是的，它是。②-What’s that? 那是什么?-It’s a kite、是只风筝。 3、these和those用法 this, that, these和those是指示 代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提 到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面 已经提到过的人或事物。 ①This is my bed、That is Lily’s bed、这是我的床。 那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good、那些画很好。 ③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗? 在回答主语 是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those 以避免重复。如：④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些) 是你的苹果吗?Yes, they are、是的，他们是。 4、名词+’s所有格单数名词后直接加“ ’s ”：Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈以s结尾的复数名词，只加“’”Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞 胎的书不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数，加 “ ’s ”Children’s Day 儿童节men’s shoes男式鞋表示两
(超详细)小学英语知识点归纳汇总
小学英语知识归纳总结（打印版） 目录 第一章词汇分类集中复习....... .............................. (2) 第二章常用短语汇总 (5) 第一节动词短语 (5) 第二节介词短语 (6) 第三节特殊疑问词 (7) 第四节缩写词 (7) 第五节时间词和短语 (7) 第六节常见介词 (8) 第七节时间介词at、on、in的用法 (8) 第三章日常用语 (8) 第一节小学生口语100句 (8) 第二节英语日常用语 (9) 第三节日常用语分类 (12) 第四章主要问句汇总 (14) 第五章常用词性.................. ........ . (17) 第一节名词................................. . (17) 第二节冠词 (22) 第三节介词 (27) 第六章常见介词（连接词）的用法 (32) 第一节系动词Be的用法 (32) 第二节Do的作用 (33) 第三节介词for的用法 (34) 第四节With的用法 (34) 第五节Some与any的用法 (35) 第六节How many与how much的区别与用法 (36) 第七节Have和has的用法 (36) 第八节Do和does的用法 (36)
第一节一般疑问句 (37) 第二节特殊疑问句 (38) 第三节情感动词的用法 (39) 第八章五种语法汇总 (40) 第一节现在进行时态 (40) 第二节一般现在时态 (40) 第三节一般将来时态 (42) 第四节一般过去时态 (43) 第五节小学英语不规则动词变化表 (45) 第六节形容词副词的比较级和最高级 (46) 第七节几种时态的构成汇总 (47) 第九章方位的表达方式 (48) 第一节交通工具及“规则” (48) 第二节英语中方位的表达方式 (49) 第十章句型转换方法归纳 (50) 第一节改为一般疑问句.................................. (50) 第二节改为否定句................................. (50) 第三节对划线部分提问................................ .. (51) 第四节肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句.......... (51) 第五节其它需要注意点.................................. ... (52) 第十一章小学英语谚语集锦 (52) 第十二章写作 (55) 第一节分类写作指导...................................... ......................... . (55) 第二节命题作文 (58) 第三节话题作文 (62)
人教版小学英语语法知识点汇总,推荐文档
目录 一、音素及音标 (2) 二、音节及音节的划分 (3) 三、常用字母或字母组合发音规律 (4) 1、元音字母及组合的发音 (4) （1）与字母 a 相关的单词 (4) （2）与字母 e 相关的单词 (5) （3）与字母i 相关的单词 (6) （4）与字母o 相关的单词 (7) （5）与字母u 相关的单词 (8) 2、辅音字母及组合的发音 (9) （1）单个字母 (9) （2）字母组合 (10) 四、词的变式及用法 (11) 1、名词及名词的复数形式 (11) 2、冠词及其用法 (12) 3、代词及其用法 (13) 4、形容词的比较级和最高级 (14) 5、介词的固定用法 (15) 五、时态及语法 (16) 1、一般现在时及其用法 (16) 2、现在进行时 (19) 3、一般将来时 (20) 4、一般过去时 (21) 六、常见固定词组 (23) 附各专项测试习题 (24)
一、音素及音标 音素：英语把组成一个读音的最小单位叫音素。因素分为元音和辅音（相当于语文中的韵母和声母） 1、元音（韵母） 1.1发音方式：靠声带发音，有声调，气流通过喉头、口腔不受阻碍。 1.2举例： 元音单元音 长元音[a:][?:][i:][?:][u:] 短元音[Λ］[?][i][?][u][?][e]双元音[ai][ei][?i][i? ][e? ][u? ][au][?u] 1.3元音的结构 元音的常见构成有： 组合方式举例1单个元音字母D og 2元音字母+元音字母See、sea、meat、book 3元音字母+辅音字母Tall、play 1.4元音字母 共有5个，分别是: a e i o u 2、辅音（声母） 2.1发音方式：主要是用气流与牙齿舌头等其它器官摩擦发音,气流通过喉头、口腔要受到某个部位的阻碍。 2.2举例： 辅音10对 清辅音[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [∫］[t∫］[tr] [θ］[ts] 浊辅音[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [?][d?][dr] [e] [dz] 3个鼻音[m] [n] [η］ 3个似拼音[h] [r] [l] 2个半元音[w] [j] 2.3辅音的结构 组合方式举例 1单个辅音字母D og、book 2辅音字母+辅音字tree、draw、teach、sh ip 2.4辅音字母 26个字母中，除去5个元音字母（a、e、i、o、u），其他字母都是辅音字母。 3、开音节（结尾必然是元音字母） 分类组成举例绝对开音节辅音+元音He、go、hi、do、be、tree、three、相对开音节辅音+元音+辅音+e name、bike、home、due、plane、shine 4、闭音节（结尾必然是辅音字母） 分类组成举例 1元音+辅音it、is、of、in、on、up、out、ant 2辅音+元音+辅音bad、bed、sit、hot、cup、let sleep
小学英语知识点整理
小学英语知识点整理 一、词类 动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法： 先用“一(量词)”(如：一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说，如说得通， 一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起 来说，说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的，以后可能不同)(另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一 下就可以知道) 1、动词 这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)、be动词、情态动词。 (1)行为动词 就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live 等。 行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式： 原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，
具体判断方法如下： 有，就加ing 读句子读该单词认识该单词理解意思看有无be动词(若是be going to 就用原形) 没有，再看情态动词 有，就用原形 有，就加ed 没有，再看有无表示过去的时间状语是第三人称单数就加s或es 没有，再看主语 不是第三人称单数就用原形 (2)be动词 a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。 b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
c、一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类：is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中，was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。 判断步骤： 第一、三人称单数，就用was 有，再看人称 第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were 看有无表示过去的时间状语 第一人称单数，就用am 没有，再看人称第三人称单数，就有is 第二人称单数和所有复数，就用are 2、名词
小学英语基础知识点归纳
小学英语基础知识点归纳 小学开始接触英语，各位家长们都希望孩子能够学好，为未来打基础。小学也有许多该掌握的基础知识，并不仅仅是字母音标的学习。英语基础知识、语法知识、句法三部分内容大家都掌握了吗?下面的内容希望能让孩子学习更上一层楼! 第一部分：基础知识 1.字母：26个字母的大小写 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 2.语音：元音的发音 五个元音字母：AEIOU 12个单元音：前元音：[i:] [?] /e/ [?] 中元音：[?:] [?] 后元音：[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u :] [?] [?] 双元音(8个) Ⅰ.合口双元音(5个)[ai] [ei] [au] [?u] [?i] Ⅱ.集中双元音(3个) [i?][ε?][u?] 3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词 4.句子：大小写，标点符号 第二部分：语法知识① 一.名词：名词单复数，名词的格 (一)名词单复数 1.一般情况，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 不可数名词的复数就是原型：paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea (二)名词的格 (1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格： a) 单数后加’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加’如: his friends’bags c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加’s children’s shoes l并列名词中，如果把’s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如: Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车 l要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加’s Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of +名词”来表示所有关系：如: a picture of the classroom a map of China 第二部分：语法知识② 二.冠词：不定冠词，定冠词种类： (1)不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson / (2)定冠词：the the egg the plane 2. 用法: