行业英语a

镇 江 高 等 专 科 学 校 2011—2012学年第二学期期末考试试卷

10 级 数理化工 专业 行业英语(化生英语) 试卷（A 卷）命题 赵晨舒

校对 尹昕 审核 审查

班级 学号 姓名

Part I Vocabulary and Structure(1’*30=30’)

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases.

1. r to cause or allow to be seen

2. a to succeed in arriving at, esp. after effort; to reach

3. v very necessary; of great importance

4. p relating to a person ’s work, esp. work that requires

special training

5. i similar in every detail; exactly alike

6. t to completely change the appearance or character of

sb./sth.

7. c to eat or drink up; to buy for direct use

8. p to provide assistance to the progress or growth of sth.

9. r

to control or direct according to rules

10. r to be dependent for support, help or supply

Section B

Directions: Fill in each. Blank with the proper from of the word given in the brackets.

1. It is widely accepted that we have no (conscious) during sleeping.

2. His proposal sounds very (attract) , but in fact it is not practical at all.

3. With careful (inspect) , they were surprised to find that the so-called priceless painting was a false one.

4. Those who are fond of camping are all clear that a good sleeping bag is an essential part of every camper’s (equip) .

5. Fortunately, the flight we took was a (continue) one, so we could arrive there as scheduled.

6. It’s hard to imagine that he passed the examination without any (prepare) .

7. His article is mainly concerned with the (establish) of a mature international trade system.

8. We have passed all (relevantly) information that we think important to the police officer.

9. During the meeting, Chinese (represent) body, and inspections will be carried out from time to time.

10. Nowadays, almost all the big auto (manufacture) are interested in technical improvement.

Section C

Directions:Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases given below. Change the form if necessary.

given influential absorb work out be concerned with

wrap comply with evaluate distinct advertise

1. his inexperience in this field, I have to say that he has done a very good job.

2. Though not as powerful as it used to be, the UK still remains a very_______ country in international affairs.

3. It is difficult for such kind of soil to the rainwater since there are rarely any plants.

4. When asked what a﹩47.20 meal for five people would cost for each person, they were unable to .

5. Her latest research youth unemployment, which is often considered a serious social problem.

6. Please these gifts separately because they will be given to different people at the party.

7. No matter what happened during the war, the rules in the army must be .

8. The scientist will weather conditions before permitting the spaceship and its crew to land at 9:16 a.m. Saturday.

9. As a man of very character, he is always hard to predict.

10. Within only one week, the for the new product were seen all over the city, indicating the success of the marketing plan.

（25’）

From : Amy Campbell Date : March 20th , 2009 Tel : 86-027-8486xxxx Page(s): 1 Please Reply [ √ ] For Review [ ] Quantity 300 cartons(75mg×10/box×100/carton) 300 cartons(5g×10/bag×50/carton) 500 cartons(0.5g×24/box×80/carton) 400 cartons(0.5g×24/box×80/carton) of the value mentioned in the brochures Mr. Robin Johnson Yours sincerely

Amy Campbell

Task 1 Answer the following questions according to the fax.(2’*5=10’)

1.What is the purpose of sending this fax?

2.Where is the sender’s company located?

3.Who is the recipient of the fax?

4.How much discount does the sender ask for?

5.On what condition will the sender place orders regularly?

Task 2 Match the following terms with their Chinese meanings.(0.5’*10=5’)

1. sales representative ( ) a. 定期订单

2. relevant material ( ) b. 医学中心

3. international prestige ( ) c. 询盘

4. quantity discount ( ) d. 特别条款

5. special terms ( ) e. 交货日期

6. regular order ( ) f. 销售代表

7. delivery date ( ) g. 国际声誉

8. terms of payment ( ) h. 数量折扣

9. medical center ( ) i. 相关资料

10. enquiry ( ) j. 付款方式

B

Packaging is a very important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate people to buy products. For example, a little child might ask for a breakfast food contained in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or cut out, games printed on a package, or a small gift inside a box also motivate many children to buy products - or to ask their parents to buy for them.

Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing. Food products sold in reusable containers are examples of this. Although a similar product in plain container might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.

The size of a package also motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has“Economy Size”or“Family Size”printed on it. This suggests that the larger size has the most product for the least money. But that is not always true. To find it out, a buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.

The information on the package should provide some answers. But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement. The words and pictures do not tell the whole story. Only the product inside can do that.

Multiple Choices (2’*5=10’)

1.“A buyer will get something for nothing”in paragraph 2 may probably mean ________.

A) a buyer will not get what he pays for

B)a buyer will get more than what he pays for

C) a buyer will get something useful free of charge

D) a buyer will get more but pay less

2. From the pasage we know the buyer pays more attention to ________.

A) the size of a container

B) a container with attractive picture

C) a well-designed container

D) a plain container with low cost

3. What suggestion does the writer give in the passage?

A) It's not good to buy the product which is sold in a glass or dish.

B) The quality of a container has nothing to do with the quality of the product.

C) The best choice for a buyer is to buy a product in a plain package.

D) A buyer should buy what he needs most rather than a well-designed package.

4. Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?

A) In fact glasses or dishes used for packaging do not cost money at all.

B)“Family Size”printe d on the package means that it is rather economic.

C) To a child, even to an adult, the form is far more important than the content.

D) Words and pictures written on the package are thought to be an advertisement.

5. What do you think is the best title for the passage?

A) How to Package a Product.

B) How to Make an Advertisement.

C) How to Sell Product.

D) How to Attract More Buyers.

Part III Complete the sentences, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.

1.For home cosmetics companies, it is a long way

(在技术上领先国外公司).(get ahead)

2.To our great joy, the recent experiment

(表明我们的产品能够达到使人显得年轻的效果).(reveal, attain)

3. (在当前的经济危机情况下)it seems unwise to lower taxes.(in the context of)

4. With years of rapid development, now

(中国在世界经济体系中起着巨大作用).(play a role in)

5. Linda was very glad to see

(这张照片和她妈妈的那张一模一样).(identical)

6. (就目前的政治形势而言), the Middle East is far from long-lasting peace. (as far as sth. be concerned)

7. In addition to physical education,

(学校还有许多其他途径促进体育活动的开展).(promote)

8. In all cases, (食品安全检验有助于减少与食物相关疾病的患病几率) by protecting people from eating foods that are prepared in an unsanitary environment.(minimize; food-borne illness)

9. Through heated discussions, the board have come to a decision that

(市场营销的精力应主要集中在亚洲市场).(focus on)

10. The minister announced a new measure in the fighting against the bird flu,

(我们知道他指的是新药的推出).(refer to; release)

(10’)

译文：

Suppose you are the senior engineer in Wyeth Whitehall Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Peter Johnson. Write a memorandum to all the staff in R &D Department including the following details.

●Centrum testing has been finished;

●Centrum formula has been decided;

●The R&D team should write a Research & Development report

MEMORANDUM

TO:_________________________________

FROM: _____________________________

DATE:______________________________

SUBJECT:___________________________

_________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

IT行业常用网络英语词汇

IT 行业常用网络英语词汇 导语：网络是人类发展史来最重要的发明，提高了科技和人类社会 的发展。下面是YJBYS 小编收集整理的IT 行业常用网络英语词汇，欢 迎参考! Internet: 为International Net 的简写，因特网，又称国际互联网。它最早产生于美国国防部的高级研究规划署，那是1969 年的事 了，最初的目的也只是远程计算机的数据共享，后来发展成将世界各地 的计算机及计算机网络相互连接起来，形成了一个无边无际的超级大 网。 Internet 的主要服务项目有：电子邮件(E-mail)，远程登录(Telnet)，查询服务(Finger)，文件传输(FTP)，文档服务器(Archive)，新 闻论坛(Usenet)，电子公告牌(BBS)，新闻群组(News Group)，全球网(World Wide Web，缩写为WWW，又称万维网)等。 BBS：Bulletin Board System，公告牌系统或电子公告板，又称Public Access Message System,公共访问信息系统。它是普通公告的电子版本，用户可以通过公告牌发布消息，任何用户都可以读取公告牌上的 消息，也可以给某一特定的人或一组用户发送信息。公告牌系统被广泛 地用于传播信息，咨询一个电子公告牌往往比使用交互信箱或公共邮政 系统发送公告更加快捷、有效。 E-mail: 电子邮件，这是一种利用Internet 网交换文字信息的交互 式服务，全世界Internet 用户可以互相发送和接收电子邮件。 WWW: World Wide Web 的缩写，全球网，又称万维网。它是一 个基于超文本方式的信息检索工具，提供一种友好的信息查询接口，是 目前最受欢迎同时也是最先进的Internet 检索工具之一。 Remote Login: 远程登录(注册)，它是在网络环境下实现资源共

英语习语及其文化背景(课堂笔记)

英语习语及其文化背景 一．习语的特性 1.习语的民间性和西域的民俗性 2.西域的比喻性 Hot chair 电椅stool pigeon 卧底，密探redcap 车站的搬运工bellboy 酒店侍者cold snap 寒潮 比喻可以分为明喻，暗喻，转喻，提喻等。 明喻（simile ）,常出现在as…as…结构中。 As cool as cucumber 泰然自若 As timid as a rabbit 胆小如鼠 As tough as leather 像皮革一样坚硬 As busy as bee 像蜜蜂一样忙 用like 引出喻体的结构，这种结构的比喻意义要自己联想。Like water off a duck’s back .通常用于埋怨别人不听劝告。 E.g. the advice I had given was like water off a duck’s back. 又如：Like a red rag to a bull. 暗喻（metaphor ）,本体和喻体同时出现，两者是相合的关系，没有比喻词。 Have a screw (螺丝)loose . E.g. I should not call him an idiot, but clearly he has got a screw loose (精神不正常) somewhere... 又如：irons in the fire (火中的铁)，比喻“手头要做的事很多”或

“解决问题的办法有很多”。 换喻（metonymy）是用与本体事物有密切联系的令一类事物来指代本体事物。如谚语：The pen is mightier 提喻（synecdoche）:是用与本体事物同类的一件事物代替本体事物。 E.g. earn one’s bread .bread 是生活必需品的一部分，在这里部分代替了全体，这就是提喻。 又如：Homer sometimes nods.伟人有时也会犯错。Homer (荷马) E.g. Homer sometimes nods (智者千虑，必有一失).there is nobody in existence who never makes any mistakes. 3.习语的整体性 习语是语言中的独立的，固定的部分。 E.g. to lose one’s head 比喻“仓皇失措”。To lay heads together “共同商量”。 英语中有很多带有历史典故的成语： E.g. In the arms of Morpheus. (在梦乡中) Morpheus希腊神话中的“睡梦之神”。 Meet one’s W aterloo. 一败涂地。W aterloo [比利时]滑铁卢，拿破仑战败处。 有些习语不遵守语法规则和逻辑推理： 如：ups and downs .(兴衰) ins and outs .(底细) diamond and

学术英语(管理类)单词

学术英语单词 第一单元 free enterprise自由企业制度 adversity不幸，逆境 capitalistic 资本主义的 compelling 令人信服的 array 大群，大量 stockholder 股东 work force 劳动力 prospective 可能的 underestimate 低估 dedication 奉献 perseverance 坚忍 mailable 可邮寄的 cooperative 合作完成的 on-demand 按要求的 billionaire 亿万富翁undercapitalization 资本不足convertible 敞篷汽车 sander 打磨机 vendor 卖家 stockbroker 股票经纪人 personality 名人 facet 一个方面 mutual fund 共同基金 oceanic evaporation 海洋蒸发 business plan 经营策划 customer service 顾客服务 fraud 欺骗 road map 指南 transaction 交易 price-targeting strategy 区别定价战略pricing 定价 hassle 困难，麻烦 self-targeting 使自己成为目标 prise 撬开 insensitive 不敏感的，反应迟钝的recipe 菜谱 make sth. of sb/sth. 利用（机遇）illuminating 使清楚易懂的 turn sth on its head使……与之前相反的premium 溢价 profitable 有利可图的 chili 小红辣椒 triple 使成三倍 markup 涨价 whopping 巨大的 crisp 薯片 snack 吃零食 admittedly 确实，无可否认的 irritated 生气的 outwit 以智取胜 close substitutes 功能接近的替代品 business landscape 商业格局，商业环境competitive dynamics 竞争的态势social web 社交网站 sicial networking site（SNS）社交网站Facebook Wall 脸谱的涂鸦墙 call center 呼叫中心 support staff 向客户提供支持的员工competitive advantage 竞争优势adoption of new technology 新技术的采用 log in 登陆 news feed 即使新闻，动态消息 target audience 目标受众 text message 手机短信 overestimate 高估 relevance 重要性 mainframe 主机 underway 在进行中 portal 门户网站 order of magnitude 数量级 traffic 受到访问 cohort 一批人 feat 事迹 technophobic 畏惧技术的 overly 太 unnavigable 无法导航的 anonymous 匿名的 blur 变模糊

个人品质常用英语

个人品质常用英语 able 有才干的，能干的adaptable 适应性强的 active 主动的，活跃的aggressive 有进取心的ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的capable 有能力的，有才能的 careful 办理仔细的candid 正直的competent 能胜任的constructive 建设性的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的dedicated 有奉献精神的dependable 可靠的diplomatic 老练的，有策略的disciplined 守纪律的 dutiful 尽职的well--educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的expressivity 善于表达faithful 守信的，忠诚的frank 直率的，真诚的generous 宽宏大量的genteel 有教养的gentle 有礼貌的humorous 有幽默impartial 公正的

independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的motivated 目的明确的intelligent 理解力强的learned 精通某门学问的logical 条理分明的methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的objective 客观的precise 一丝不苟的punctual 严守时刻的realistic 实事求是的responsible 负责的sensible 明白事理的sporting 光明正大的steady 踏实的systematic 有系统的purposeful 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的

医药行业专业英语词汇(非常有用)

FDA 和EDQM 术语: CLINICAL TRIAL ：临床试验 ANIMAL TRIAL ：动物试验ACCELERATED APPROVAL ：加速批准STANDARD DRUG ：标准药物INVESTIGATOR ：研究人员；调研人员PREPARING AND SUBMITTING ：起草和申报SUBMISSION ：申报；递交 BENIFIT (S):受益 RISK (S):受害 DRUG PRODUCT ：药物产品 DRUG SUBSTANCE ：原料药ESTABLISHED NAME ：确定的名称GENERIC NAME ：非专利名称PROPRIETARY NAME ：专有名称； INN (INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY NAME ADVERSE EFFECT ：副作用 ADVERSE REACTION ：不良反应 PROTOCOL ：方案 ARCHIVAL COPY ：存档用副本 REVIEW COPY ：审查用副本 OFFICIAL COMPENDIUM ：法定药典(主要指USP、）：国际非专有名称NF )．

USP(THE UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA )：美国药典 NF （NATIONAL FORMULARY ）：（美国）国家处方集 OFFICIAL = PHARMACOPEIAL= COMPENDIAL :药典的；法定的；官方的 AGENCY ：审理部门（指FDA ） IDENTITY :真伪；鉴别；特性 STRENGTH :规格；规格含量（每一剂量单位所含有效成分的量） LABELED AMOUNT :标示量 REGULATORY SPECIFICATION :质量管理规格标准（NDA 提供） REGULATORY METHODOLOGY :质量管理方法 REGULATORY METHODS VALIDATION :管理用分析方法的验证 COS/CEP 欧洲药典符合性认证 ICH （International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use）人用药物注册技术要求国际协调会议 ICH 文件分为质量、安全性、有效性和综合学科 4 类。 质量技术要求文件以Q 开头,再以a,b,c,d 代表小项: Q1:药品的稳定性 Q2: 方法学 Q3: 杂质 Q4: 药典 Q5: 生物技术产品质量 Q6: 标准规格 Q7:GMP

学术英语管理课文翻译

Unit 1 When faced with both economic problems and increasing competition not only from firms in the united states but also from international firms located in other parts of the world, employee and managers now began to ask the question：what do we do now? although this is a fair question, it is difficult to answer. Certainly, for a college student taking business courses or be beginning employee just staring a career, the question is even more difficult to answer. And yet there are still opportunities out there d=for people who are willing to work hard, continue to learn, and possess the ability to adapt to change. 当面对不仅来自美国的公司而且来自位于世界其他地方的国际公司的经济问题和日益激烈的竞争时，员工和经理现在开始要问一个问题：我们要做什么？虽然这是一个很清晰的问题，但是它是很难回答的。当然，对于一个正在谈论商务课程的大学生或者一个刚开始职业生涯的员工来说，这个问题更难回答。但目前仍然有许多机会给那些愿意努力工作，继续学习并且拥有适应变化的能力的人。 Whether you want to obtain part-time employment to pay college and living expense, begin your career as a full –time employee, or start a business, you must bring something to the table that makes you different from the next person . Employee and our capitalistic economic systems are more demanding than ever before. Ask yourself: What can I do that will make employee want to pay me a salary? What skills do I have that employers need? With these questions in mind, we begin with another basic question: Why study business?

品质英语

英文缩写中文名称英文全名 SPC 统计过程控制 Statistical Process Control USL 规格上限Upper Specification Limit LSL 规格下限Lower Specification Limit UCL 管制上限Upper control limit LCL 管制下限Lower control limit PCL 前置管制中心限Per-control Central Limit UPCL 前置管制上限 Upper Per-control Limit LPCL 前置管制下限 Lower Per-control Limit ANOVA 变异数分析 Analysis of Variance BSC 平衡计分卡 Balanced Scoreboard CI 信赖区间Confidence interval 管制图 Control chart CTQ 质量关键Critical to quality DPMO 百万个机会的缺点数 Defects per million opportunities DPM 每百万单位的缺点数 Defects per million DPU 单位缺点数 Defects per unit DFSS 六个希格玛设计Design for six sigma DOE 实验设计Design of experiment 制造设计Design of manufacturing FMEA 故障模式与失效分析 Failure mode and effect analysis 故障率 Failure rate

Gage R & R 量规重复能力与重制能力Gage repeatability & reproducibility 直方图 Histogram 假设检定Hypothesis testing KM 知识管理Knowledge Management MRP 物料需求规划 Material require planning 常态分配Normal distribution QFD 质量机能展开 Quality function deployment 6 σ六个希格玛 Six Sigma σ, s标准差 Standard deviation σ2, S2变异数 Variance ABC 作业制成本制度Activity-Based Costing BTF 计划生产Build To Forecast BTO 订单生产Build To Order CPM 要径法 Critical Path Method CPM 每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨Complaint per Million CRM 客户关系管理 Customer Relationship Management CRP 产能需求规划 Capacity Requirements Planning CS 顾客满意度 Customer Satisfaction CTO 客制化生产 Configuration To Order DVT 设计验证Design Verification Testing DSS 决策支持系统 Decision Support System EC 设计变更／工程变更 Engineer Change

小学生英语文化背景知识

PEP小学英语文化知识汇总 一、饮食文化 1、西餐礼仪 the knife is on the right . 刀放置于右边 the fork is on the left. 叉置于左边 The spoon is beside the knife. 勺子置于刀旁边 The plate is in the middle.盘子放在中间 2、饭后甜点dessert 介绍 It’s something sweet, like pudding, fru it or ice-cream…饭后吃一些甜食，比如布丁、水果、冰激凌等等 3、Traditional Chinese food中国传统食品 sweet dumplings汤圆zongzi粽子mooncake月饼dumplings饺子 二、节日文化 1、Women’s Day妇女节 2、Children’s Day儿童节 3、Christmas 圣诞节 Merry Christmas圣诞快乐 Father Christmas圣诞老人 Christmas Tree 圣诞树turkey火鸡gifts礼物 4、西方节日 Mother’s Day is the second Sunday in May.母亲节在五月份第二个星期天Father’s Day is the third Sunday in June.父亲节在六月份第三个星期天 In America Thanksgiving Day is the fourth Thursday in November. 在美国，感恩节在十一月份第四个星期四 In Canada Thanksgiving Day is the second Monday in October. 在加拿大，感恩节在十月份第二个星期一 三、生活常识及日常标志认识 1、出口、入口和卫生间标志： entrance入口exit出口women’s女卫生间men’s男卫生间 2、不同国家紧急求救号码emergency number 3、水零度结冰膨胀 When water gets to 0 degrees, it becomes ice. 当温度达到0摄氏度时，水会结冰。

品质英文缩写

品质人员名称类 QC quality control 品质管理人员 FQC final quality control 终点品质管制人员 IPQC in process quality control 制程中的品质管制人员OQC output quality control 最终出货品质管制人员IQC incoming quality control 进料品质管制人员 TQC total quality control 全面质量管理 POC passage quality control 段检人员 QA quality assurance 质量保证人员 OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员 QE quality engineering 品质工程人员 品质保证类 FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查 FAA first article assurance 首件确认 TVR tool verification report 模具确认报告 3B 3B 模具正式投产前确认 CP capability index 能力指数 CPK capability index of process 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality 合格供应商品质评估OOBA out of box audit 开箱检查 QFD quality function deployment 品质机能展开 FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析8 disciplines 8项回复内容 FA final audit 最後一次稽核 CAR corrective action request 改正行动要求corrective action report 改正行动报告 FQC运作类 AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收品质水准 S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小 ACC Accept 允收 REE Reject 拒收 CR Critical 极严重的 MAJ Major 主要的 MIN Minor 轻微的 AOQ Average Output Quality 平均出厂品质 AOQL Average Output Quality Level 平均出厂品质 Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 品质/可靠度服务 MIL-STD Military-Standard 军用标准 S I-S IV Special I-Special IV 特殊抽样水准等级 P/N Part Number 料号 L/N Lot Number 特采 AOD Accept On Deviation 特采 UAI Use As It 首件检查报告 FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 百万分之一

英语文化背景知识教学探析

英语文化背景知识教学探析 语言是人们在长期的社会生活实践中约定俗成的。每一种语言都反映出使用该语言的国家和民族在不同的社会历史时期所特有的文化现象。了解文化背景知识对英语学习者来说是很重要的。教师应该在传授语言知识的同时，重视对学生文化背景知识的培养，有效提高学生跨文化交际的能力。 标签： 文化背景知识；英语教学；文化差异 1 传授文化背景知识的重要性 教师在英语教学中一般按照要求传授学生基本的语言技能，忽视了对英语国家文化背景知识的传授；学生如果只是单纯地学习语言知识，不了解语言赖以生存的文化，就难以准确地把握、理解和使用语言。英语教学的最终目的是让学生熟练掌握基本的语言和文化知识，并在日常交际中正确使用英语。日常交际都是在具体的文化氛围中进行的，不了解相关的文化知识，在实际交际中，轻则会造成彼此误解，互相留下不好的印象；重则会损害双方的关系，造成合作失败。例如：一位翻译陪美国客人吃饭，当他们饱尝了中国的美味菜肴之后，翻译用英语说道：”what staple food would you like?”意思是说：“您想吃点什么主食？”这位翻译的英语从语音到语法几乎无可挑剔，可却令美国人迷惑不解，因为美国人通常把一餐中吃得最多的食物称为主食，他们已经吃了许多以肉为主的菜肴，所以对这位翻译的提问感到莫名其妙。而中国人则无论吃了多少菜，却总是把米饭、面食作为主食。此种交际失败的例子举不胜举。这说明教师在传授语言知识的同时，必须结合相关的文化知识进行教学，双管齐下，这样一方面可以激发学生学习英语的兴趣，另一方面也能够提高学生的文化修养，使他们成为合格的跨文化交际者。 2 怎样加强文化背景知识的传授 文化背景知识的传授应是一种密切结合语言实践的教学，它一般应与实践课同步进行，而不能脱离实践另搞一套。换言之，传授文化背景知识的目的是为了使学生更深刻地理解英语，更恰当地使用英语。因此，我认为加强文化背景知识教学的原则和方法，主要有以下几点： （1）传授文化背景知识与课文讲解相结合。 讲解课文时，教师应充分挖掘文章蕴涵的英语国家文化知识，帮助学生深刻理解文章的思想内容。 以《新视野大学英语读写教程》第四册第2单元A课文为例，文章从事业和情感两方面简述Charlie Chaplin的生平。单纯从语言角度看，文章没有太难的

行业英语词汇

行业词汇30个： Notes 1. industry 工业 2. business 商业 3.trade贸易 4. get back to work 5. work from home 在家办公 6. primary industry第一产业 7. secondary industry第二产业 8. tertiary industry第三产业 9. agriculture 农业10. forestry林业 11. animal husbandry畜牧业 12. fishery industry 渔业13. manufacturing industry制造业 14. building industry 建筑业 15. transportation industry交通运输业 16. tourism旅游业 17. real estate 房地产 18. catering service餐饮业 19. financial industry金融业20. IT信息技术 21. Internet industry 互联网行业 22. scientific research科研23. education & training教育培训 24. wholesales & retail 批发和零售 25. news and medium新闻媒体 26. literature and art文艺27. service industry服务业 28. film and television industry 影视行业 29. production and supply生产供应 30. public management 公共管理

英语文化背景学习的重要性

英语文化背景学习的重要性 语言是人类文化的载体，二者是密不可分的。语言不仅仅是一套符号系统，人们的言语表现形式更要受语言赖以存在的社会、社团的习俗，生活方式，行为方式，价值观念，思维方式，宗教信仰，民族心理和性格等制约和影响。作为教师,英语教学不能只注重语言知识的教学,更要重视中西方文化的差异,增强文化意识,强化文化教育,从而达到提高学生对英语语言运用和交际能力的目的。高中英语的教学目的适应这一要求,在义务教育初中英语教学的基础上,巩固、扩大学生的基础知识,发展听、说、读、写的基本技能,培养在口头上和书面上用英语进行交际的能力,侧重培养阅读能力,并使学生获得一定的自学能力,为继续学习和运用英语切实打下基础。 一、学习英语文化背景能增加学生对英语学习的兴趣。 在当今语法为主听说为辅的考试模式下，学生对英语的兴趣出现两极分化的情况。增加文化背景知识的教育能让学生们感受到英语不仅仅是书上那几个枯燥的单词，不仅仅是单选里面的固定搭配也不仅仅是各种长难句的组合。通过增加英语文化背景知识的教育能让他们真实的感受到英语作为一门语言的魅力。它是真正存在于每个人的生活中的，在音乐方面，在影视方面，在历史方面，在文学方面。它是文化的载体，记载了一个民族，一个国家在每个时期的兴衰荣辱。它同中文一样渗透到生活的方方面面。例如可以向学生介绍快乐丰富的西方节日：复活节（Easter Day）在春分后的第一个满月的第一个星期天，庆祝耶稣复活的节日。在复活节的前一天，有着兔子会下蛋的传说。孩子们玩着寻找涂有颜料的复活蛋（Easter egg）的游戏。Halloween，万圣节（Hallowmas）前夕，10月31日，孩子们提着南瓜灯笼（jack-o-lantern），穿着奇装异服，戴着骨骼面具（mask），纵情玩闹。他们挨家挨户地转，嘴里说着“Trick or treat”，而后拿了糖果（Candy）和点心就走。在美国是11月的第四个星期四，在加拿大是10月的第二个星期一，是人们欢庆收获的日子，一家人一起在家中吃火鸡大餐。圣诞节（Christmas Day），每年12月25日，相传晚上圣诞老人（Santa Claus）会在孩子们熟睡时从烟囱下来给孩子们送礼物（Christmas Present，实际上是爸爸妈妈送的，把这些和中国完全不同的节日介绍给学生，自然就引起了学生对英美文化的向往，提高了学英语的兴趣。 二、学习英语文化背景能加强学生语法的应用能力。 学习英语文化背景有利于培养学生语法能力英语单词“I”在任何地方都大写，这与西方人自我意识强，处处把自己排第一位的思想是密不可分的。 中国人对别人的问话，总是以肯定或否定的话来确定用“对”或者“不对”，而英语中，对别人的问话，总是依据事实结果的肯定或否定用“Yes”or“No”，如You are not a pupil，are you？（你不是小学生，对吗？） Yes, I am.（不，我是。）No, I am not.（是的，我不是）初学者不了解这一点，很容易理解错。 三、学习英语文化背景能增强学生的翻译能力。

学术英语管理Unit课文翻译完整版

学术英语管理U n i t课 文翻译 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

《业务营销化》 1 问街上一般的人什么是营销时，他们会告诉你那大概就是“卖东西的”。这从根本上说是正确的，但营销不是简单的销售行为，而是怎样做成的销售。我们都被全天候不间断营销所围绕，而我们每一个人都已经以我们自己的方式成了一名营销人。 2 专家是怎么定义营销的呢？根据美国市场营销协会，市场营销是一种组织职能，是为组织自身及利益相关者（stakeholders n. 利益相关者；股东）而创造、传播、传递客户价值，管理客户关系的一系列过程。 3 根据世界市场营销协会对营销的定义，“核心的经营理念是指导通过交换来识别和满足个人和组织需要的过程，从而为各方创造出众的价值。” 4 最后，英国特许营销学会说，“营销是有利地识别，预测，和满足顾客需求的管理过程”。 5 如果我们只是看这三个定义的共性，我们可以看出，营销本质上（in essence）是：a)发现和给顾客他们所想要的和需要的东西， b)通过做这些来获利。 4Ps或5Ps营销策略 6 密歇根州立大学（Michigan State University）的杰罗姆·麦卡锡（Jerome McCarthy）教授在20世纪50年代写了一本书并且定义了4Ps营销策略，包括产品、渠道、价格和促销。这本书为这个星球上最古老的专业提供了一个清晰的结构，而这个结构成为市场营销的定义。 7 为了更好地理解营销，你应该有你自己对术语的定义。例如，我认为营销是对产品的价格、分配、促销以及人员进行控制，满足顾客以获得利益。控制是个充满感情的词语，尤其在我们谈及控制人的时候。无论怎样，控制是很重要的，因为作为

浅谈英语阅读中背景知识的重要性开题报告

Research Proposal The Analysis of the Importance of Background Knowledge in English Reading Comprehension 浅谈英语阅读中背景知识的重要性 By Chen Yuchao Ⅰ、Significance The place of English in current society is important. It plays a indispensable role in our study and life. We learned English from our primary school time, we use it in our daily study and life, and we will go with it in our future work. It will be throughout all our lives. Especially, as the rapid development of world science and technology, international competition becomes increasingly fierce, especially since 2008 Olympic Game and 2010 Shanghai Expo, China and the international economic, technological and cultural exchanges have become increasingly active and the development keeps the state of sustaining. Therefore, as the international demand for talent increases, the quality of English talent is required higher and higher. I think English reading comprehension is the most important part in the process of learning English,and as we all know, reading comprehension is a basic skill in our society. Every day, every hour, every minute, we need to read materials for the meaning of them when we acquire information and knowledge from the outside world and deal with the problem of our daily life. And background knowledge is the key factor affecting reading comprehension. Because comprehension is an interactive process between the learner’s background knowledge and the text. Although some clues are provided in the passage, reading cannot be finished without necessary background knowledge. People may know the meaning of words, but they can never understand the whole passage or deep meaning if it is lack of background knowledge. Background knowledge plays a crucial role in reading. The purpose of this article is to introduce the importance of accumulating background knowledge in English reading comprehension and how to accumulate them.

英语国家的社会文化背景

1.他提出的论据相当不充实。 The argument he put forward is pretty thin. （词） 2.我们确信，年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.（短语） 3.他七十岁了，可是并不显老。 He was 70, but he carried his years lightly.（句） 4.他这个人优柔寡断，而且总是反复无常。 He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious.（词） 5.调查结果清清楚楚地显示病人死于心脏病。 The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heart disease.（短语） 6.这类举动迟早会被人发觉的。 Such action couldn't long escape notice.（句子） 7.有利必有弊。 There is not any advantage without disadvantage. （双重否定） 8.我们在那个城市从未因为是犹太人而遭受歧视。 In that city, we had never suffered discrimination because we were Jews.（否定转移）

《英语国家社会和文化》教学大纲 一、课程说明. 1. 课程代码：307052281 2. 课程中文名称：英语国家社会和文化 3. 课程英文名称：The Society and Culture of Major English Speaking Countries—an Introduction 4. 课程总学时数：36 3. 课程学分数：2 4. 授课对象: 商务英语专业高职二年级 5.本课程的性质、地位和作用 本课程是商务英语高职专业的一门语言类专业任选课，主要以英语为媒介系统地向学生介绍和阐述世界主要英语国家的基本概况。本课程的教学能够提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，改善学生的文化修养，使他们的跨文化语言运用的得体性和跨文化语言转换的准确性得到加强，以适应未来所从事的国际商务活动。 二、教学基本要求 1.本课程的目的、任务 本课程的教学目的在于让商务英语专业学生了解和熟悉主要英语国家的社会与文化概貌，掌握其地理、历史、政治、经济、社会生活与文化传统等方面的基本知识，扩大知识面，丰富文化修养，加深对语言和文学的理解，提高分析判断能力。 2.本课程的教学要求 本课程的基本要求是让学生掌握英美两个典型英语语言国家的历史与社会文化背景、民族特点、当前现状及发展前景。通过本课程的学习，学生除了掌握有关英美两国的社会基本构成、文化传统、经济科技发展等基本知识外，同时也提高自身对英文社科类书籍的阅读能力，从而进一步提高自己的英语水平。 针对本课程的特点，教师也可适当向学生推荐一些优秀的且能反映英美国家文化的电影，以提高学生的综合语言能力。

形容人品质的单词

形容人品质的单词 able 有才干的，能干的；adaptable 适应性强的 active 主动的，活跃的；aggressive 有进取心的 ambitious 有雄心壮志的；amiable 和蔼可亲的 amicable 友好的； analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的；aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的；capable 有能力的，有才能的careful 办理仔细的； candid 正直的 competent 能胜任的；constructive 建设性的cooperative 有合作精神的；creative 富创造力的 dedicated 有奉献精神的；dependable 可靠的 diplomatic 老练的，有策略的；disciplined 守纪律的 dutiful 尽职的； well--educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的； energetic 精力充沛的expressivity 善于表达； faithful 守信的，忠诚的 frank 直率的，真诚的；generous 宽宏大量的 genteel 有教养的； gentle 有礼貌的 humorous 有幽默；

impartial 公正的independent 有主见的；industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的；motivated 目的明确的intelligent 理解力强的；learned 精通某门学问的logical 条理分明的；methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的；objective 客观的 precise 一丝不苟的；punctual 严守时刻的realistic 实事求是的；responsible 负责的sensible 明白事理的；sporting 光明正大的steady 踏实的；systematic 有系统的purposeful 意志坚强的；sweet-tempered 性情温和的temperate 稳健的；tireless 孜孜不倦的voluble健谈的