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如何找段落的主题句

朱建桥

1．主题句的特征：（主题句往往位于段落的开头）

（1）如果段落包含让步状语，那么该句可定是主题句。包含让步状语的句子常常采用如下的句式：

Although A, B.

While A, B

Despite A, B.

A , but B,

A . however, B.

这些句式中，更确切地说，B肯定是主题句

例如：某段话的第一句为：

However, despite the importance of the recruitment decision and range of sophisticated and more objective selection techniques available, including the use of psychometric tests, assessment centres, etc., many organizations are still prepared to make this decision on the basis of a single 30-to-45minute unstructured interview.

（2）如果段落包含如下句式，那么它肯定是主题句。

Doing something is not easy \ complicated\ difficult\ complex----

It is not easy \ complicated\ difficult\ complex---- to do something.

How to do something

Methods\ ways\ measures of doing something

Tips \ suggestions \ advice on doing-----

（3）如果段落采用如下句式，那么它肯定是主题句。

Not only A, but also B.

更确切地说，A 句是上段的主题句，B肯定是这段的主题句

例如：某段话的第一句为：

Diversity exists not only between cultures, but also within a single culture.

本句用来承上启下。A句往往是上一段的主题句，而B句才是这一段的主题句。（4）如果段落中某句话用于举例，或者引用了某某说的话，那它肯定不是主题句，它前面的句子才是主题句。用于举例或引用的句子通常采用如下句式：

A. for example\ for instance,

A. ×××said,

A才是主题句

（5）如果段落采用如下句式，那么它肯定是主题句。

A show(s)\ showing \ suggest(s) \ indicate(s)---that-B

The fact \ trouble \ problem is----that B

It is proved \ believed that B

从句B往往是要说明的观点，是该段话的主旨。

例如：某段话的有一句

Despite the significant increase in the number of women with dependent children who are in the paid workforce, Australian research studies over the last 15 years are consistent in showing that division of labor or family work are very rigid indeed.

（6）如果某段落的第一句是问句，那么它肯定不是主题句，对问题的回答才是主题句。（7）通读全段后，如果段落中没有明显的主题句，这时，如果读懂了全段的主要的意思，就围绕关键词来总结一下。

（8）如果某段落有表示结果的表达，那它肯定是主题句。

如：so---that B, such---that B,

lead to \ result in\ contribute to B,

because \ because of\ on account of---, B

更准确地说B是主题句。

特别提醒：正确的主题句往往是原文的改写，与原文主题句特别相似的选项应当引起怀疑。

主题句

1．主题句主题句（topic sentence）是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。请看下例： My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Don't argue with parents; they will think you don't love them. Don't argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. Don't argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. Don't argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. My mother's rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words: Don't argue. 主题句中提出的"certain rules" 指的是什么？展开句中通过四个"Don't argue --" 逐一加以交代。从结构来看，这是一个比较典型的段落，它包括了主题句，推展句和结论句（即本段中的末句）。 1．1 主题句的位置主题句通常放在段落的开端，其特点是开门见山地摆出问题，然后加以详细说明。其作用是使文章的结构更清晰，更具说服力，便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段的内容。主题句可以放在段中起到承上启下的作用，或放在段尾起概括全段的作用。但初学者比较难于掌握，因而在四级考试中，考生应尽量采用将主题句放在段落开头的写作手法。，例1: Our life today depends very much on energy. In towns and in villages, on farms and in factories, machines have made life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods -- everything. Factories and industrial plants use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.，这段文字所讲的主要是能源问题。第一句就概括性地提出“我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖于能源”。而随后出现的三句都是具体事

写作主题句

主题句的写作要求 1.完整的结构 Fragment: Teaching a child good manners. Complete: Teaching a child good manners is fun. / Teaching a child good manners is no easy task. (分别以这两句为主题句的段落，其发展方向肯定会不同。) Fragment: The importance of blood. Complete: Blood serves our body in three important ways. 2.明确的观点 Unclear: I know Smith. Clear: Smith has a good sense of humor. Smith is the meanest man I ever know. Unclear: People care about sports. /Sports influence our life. Clear: Sports can keep people healthy and strong. Sports benefit us in many ways. Sports have their negative aspects. Sports sometimes can do some harm to people. 3.具体的内容 General: Electricity is important. Specific: Electricity has become an essential part of modern life. /If there were no electric power, our modern world would be in trouble. 练习： I 选出与下列主题句不符的扩展句： 1.. The sense of humor is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears. A. There are always different jokes. B. My brother often makes jokes. C. Jokes, despite their differences, have the same humor. D. Whether we find a joke funny or not depends on where we have been brought up. 2.. Retirement gives one a feeling of uselessness. Such a psychological problem often brings physical problems. It is the feeling of emptiness that gradually kills the retired. With retirement there will be a decrease in income. Unless they plan carefully, the retired will get into economic problems. A. The retired are a problem of our society. B. People should not retire until unable to work. C. Retirement can bring many problems for the retired.

练习写主题句

练习写主题句一篇文章通常包括开头、主体和结尾三个部分，段落的主题句通常位于文章开头，它要概括整个段落的内容而且要引人注目。从某种程度上讲，主题句决定着读者对整篇文章的第一印象。所以我们要使主题句语言组织简练，概括性强，同时还应表达完整的意义，同时又能强化思想，甚至要给读者留下回味的余地。我们可以采用开门见山型、交代目的型、交代要素型或概括要点型，来组织主题句。常用的写作句式有： 1. 开门见山型 Should students make friends on line? Some people s ay yes, while others think students shouldn’t … 这里用疑问句式或者陈述句式作为主题句，直接引出所谈话题，记叙文或是议论文都可以采用这种类型的主题句。 2. 交代任务型 In order to make full use of learning materials, the students’ union of our school is arranging an activity … 此处主体句直接交代文章的写作目的是什么，让读者有个清晰的认识，本文写作目的是为了充分利用学习材料，安排一项活动。 3. 交代要素型。即主题句直接交代时间、地点、人物或周围环境，这种主题句常用在记叙文的写作中。At about 9 o’clock last night, I was doing my homework when I heard my neighbor shouting and laughing loudly. 4. 概括要点型 In the society full of materials, some people often say money is the most valuable thing in the world. But in my opinion, knowledge is more valuable than anything else, because knowledge gives us power and knowledge is power .… 先对文章中的人或事件进行了概括，给出一个观点，之后再提出自己的观点，但通常与之前所提出的观点有一定联系，或深入或对应等。【典题示例】请就良好的饮食习惯写一篇文章，内容包括： 1）部分同学饮食习惯：不吃早餐，爱吃甜食，偏食或饮食过量； 2）良好的饮食习惯：饮食多样化，饮食定时定量 3）个人看法：重要性，有助于身体健康要求：1）以开门见山的方式先给出文章的主题句； 2）词数100左右； 3）参考词汇：偏食 be particular about food; 零食 snack ___________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often go to school without breakfast; some like to have snacks; some others are particular about food; and still some eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health. To keep fit, we should have various healthy diets, which generally include proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food. Besides, we’d better have meals regularly.

主题句、支持句和结论句

主题句、支持句和结论句 1．主题句（topic sentence）主题句概括段落的主要内容，它不仅确定段落的主题，而且限定该主题在本段落详细讨论的范围。因此，主题句是整个段落的纲领。围绕主题句，作者逐步展开段落，包括列举事实，提供例证，描写细节，说明理由等。 1）怎样写好主题句主题句的好坏直接关系到段落是否成功，因此，我们必须认真写好主题句。写作主题句有三忌：一忌不完整（incomplete），二忌不清楚（unclear），三忌过于笼统（general）。也就是说，主题句的句子结构和思想内容必须完整；主题句的主题思想必须清楚，不能模棱两可；主题句包含的内容必须具体，不能空泛。例如作文题是The Advantages of Travel（旅行的好处）。试比较其中一段的主题句，前三种写法均不可取。不完整：Enjoy the beautiful scenery in different places．不清楚：To travel，one needs to know something about it．太笼统：By travelling one enjoys a lot．较好：By travelling one can enjoy the beautiful scenery indifferent places． 2）主题句的位置首先，主题句通常置于段落之首（beginning）。这符合英语族人的语篇思维特征，先采用主题句开门见山地摆出问题，随之辅以细说。其作用是便于读者迅速地把握主题，抓住段落的中心思想，容易引起读者的兴趣。这是演绎法（deduction），便于初学者仿效。例如： There are many factors that bring air pollution to us．We can not have fresh air in the morning．This is mainly because of the poisonous smoke coming from the factories，especially the chemical ones．Moreover，there is also carbon dioxide coming from the engines of the cars，trucks and buses．段落第一句是主题句，道出了全段的中心思想——造成空气污染的因素。air pollution和factors是关键词。其次，主题句也常置于段落之尾（ending）。作者先不说出本段的中心思想，一直留到最后才披露。这可以使读者产生一种悬念，迫切要求读下去，同时对读者产生的印象也特别深刻。放在段末的主题句，通常还有对前面所述作一个总结的作用。这可称为归纳法（induction）。例如：

如何写好主题句

如何写好主题句 2007年高考以来读写任务的“写作内容”都是三个要点, 三个要点最好依次用三个段落来写, 每个段落前最好用一个主题句, 这样做既不会漏掉要点，不会离题，又显得层次清楚，能让阅卷老师一目了然。段落的主题句其实就是一句过渡的话, 用来表达观点(赞成或反对)或引出类似的经历，使上下文衔接得更加紧密。 ◆主题句的定义：段落主题句就是全段的核心，统帅全段，并决定全段的发展方向。全段其他句子都是围绕主题句，对其进行说明、支持或扩展的，这些句子称作“扩展句(supporting sentence)”。 ◆主题句的模式： 1.说出感受（1）你读信后的感受（2012广州一模） I appreciate what you say and sorry to have caused you so much worry.I’m also touched that ..... (2) 你读完这个故事后的感受 After reading the passage,I was deep in thought ..... (3)你读完这篇演讲稿后的感受（2011广州一模） After reading this speech, I felt really sorry for the student who ....... 可以套用的模版： 1.After reading the passage,I was shocked and at the same time I felt sorry for ...... 2. After reading the passage，I'm really moved and learn a lot from ..... 3.From the story, we learn that ....... 4.I was deeply moved by........ It made me realize ......... 实战演练：（1）Tom来信说他现在学习压力大，请谈谈你读信后的感受。（2）吴菊萍挽救了一个从10楼掉下来的2岁女婴后被评为“最美妈妈”，请谈谈你对此的感受。. 2.引出经历（1）讲述一次想家的经历（11广东） Like Sam, each of us may have the experience of missing our family, me included. （2）. 你或你同学的做兼职的经历。 This reminds me of an unforgettable experience of my part-time job. I once had an experience of doing a part-time job in a summer vocation . (3)上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师（2012年广东高考） After reading this story，it suddenly reminds me of my respectable teacher Miss Wang，an English teacher who always carries a big smile on her face. 可以套用的模版： 1.The story reminds me of ...... 2.The story reminds me of my personal experience. 3.Taking_the_example_of_me,_I think it's not bad for Chinese parents to learn to be a little “westernized”！以我为例，我认为中国父母适当西化也是不错的事情。 4.There_are_some_examples_in our daily life, among_which_is the wasting of water.

主题句展开的模式

主题句展开的模式在根据要点写好段落主题句后, 就要围绕主题句展开, 大体相当于为论点提供论据。拓展主题句主要有以下几种模式： 1.正反式如谈“诚信与人生的关系”这个话题, 可以利用正反式的逻辑组织材料: 诚信对人生的重要性; 没有诚信的人会怎样。 It’s obvious that an honest person will definitely win respect from others, which is of great importance in our study and daily life, let alone in the business world. However, a dishonest person will lose his fame and trust from others sooner or later. No matter how intelligent he is, dishonesty will ruin his future. 2.递进式如谈论“儿童肥胖的不良影响”, 可以从身体上进而从精神上谈论肥胖对儿童造成的不良影响。 As far as we know, obese children tend to eat a lot but they take little exercise, as a result of which they often fall ill easily. Besides, because of their appearance, they have less confidence in themselves, which leads to isolation and depression. 3.列举式如谈论个人对网上购物的看法。一方面利用正反式谈论其优点和缺点, 另一方面利用列举式分别谈其优点和缺点。例如详写其优点： On one hand, online shopping has its advantages. Firstly, it is much cheaper. As far as I’m concerned, online stores offer lower prices to the customers and some don’t charge delivery fee if we buy more than one. Secondly, it is more convenient as customers needn’t walk to store after store for what they like. And it’s easier for them to compare products online. 4.相关式指围绕对事物起决定作用的相关因素来谈论问题。如就“如何减少交通事故”的主题谈论人们应该如何避免交通事故, 我们就可以围绕造成交通事故的相关因素如司机和行人来谈论如何避免。 What can we do to avoid traffic accidents? (1) As to drivers: keep their emotions under control; respect others (2) As to walkers/pedestrians and cyclists: strictly obey the traffic rules; value their own lives 5.细化主题句就“压力对学生的影响”发表自己的看法。(2007珠海调研) It is obvious that too much pressure is harmful to us students. As we know, pressure not only destroys our motivation for study but also ruins our health. 6.说明结果或后果你对国家“禁止商场免费提供塑料袋”的看法。(2008深圳一模) It is necessary for the government to forbid shops from offering free plastic bags. With this ban, shopping customers would gradually form a habit of bringing environmentally-friendly bags with them so that the consumption of plastic bags would be greatly reduced.

主题句怎么写

主题句怎么写？在英文段落中，最重要的句子莫过于段落的主题句。为了加强同学们对英文段落的构造能力，辉哥给大家仔细讲讲英文段落主题句的写法。【英文段落的基本规则】 1、段落中的所有句子都要围绕主题句思想来写，每一个句子的内容都应与主题句相关，不许写与主题句无关的句子； 2、段落句子的内容是对主题句思想的发展，而非简单重复。【主题句的意义和写法】除个别过渡性段落和应用文的某些功能性段落以外，其他段落都必须要有一个主题句。主题句用来概括段落的内容，表明作者的观点，或指出作者的写作意图。主题句是段落的发展依据，段落中的其它句子都要围绕主题句所表达的中心思想来扩展。因此，主题句必须主旨鲜明，言简意赅，而且也必须决定和控制后面的续写内容。主题句通常由两部分组成：一部分是主题（topic），另一部分是作者的观点，也就是用来限制段落中其他句子的段落中心思想（controlling idea）。（1）People take part in sports for various reasons. （2）Grades are of great importance for most high school students. （3）Ever since early this century, electricity has become an essential part of our modern life. 在以上三个典型的主题句中，字体加粗体、下划线的部分为主题，字体倾斜部分为观点。如果主题或观点二者之中有任何一者发生变化，则整个段落所描述的内容就会发生变化。例如把第三句中的modern life变成 industry，则由第三句引导的段落的内容亦会发生相应的变化。了解了这一点，有助于我们在写拓展句时紧扣主题。主题句对段落的限制作用主要体现在以下几个方面（1）时间限制，如： Micro-blogs are becoming more and more popular in recent years. 展开这个段落时，应着重讲解微博在最近几年间的发展情况。（2）地点限制 English is gradually becoming a must in China. 展开这个段落时，应着重讲解英语在中国的重要性是怎么日益上升的。（3）数量限制 A micro-blog is useful in many ways. 写这个段落时，不能只强调微博某一方面的用途，至少要列举两三种才能不使内容显得贫乏。（4）侧重点和情感色彩的限制 Some people say on-line chatting is boring. 有人说网上聊天很无聊。 Some people say on-line chatting is harmful for us teenagers. 有人说上网聊天对我们青少年有

如何写主题句

如何写主题句肯定句 Example： The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before．主题句出现的位置：段首如何写好主题句 1）要写合乎语法的句子 Example 1： Two causes of the American Civil War．这个句子是个不完整的句子，不合乎语法，因此不能用作主题句。 Example 2： There were two causes that led to the American Civil War．重写后的句子合乎语法，是个较好的主题句。 2）要使用限写词限定主题为了正确表达观点，好的主题句经常使用关键词或词组，即限制词（controllers）限制这一观点。 Example 3： Air travel is more convenient than train for at least three reasons．从上例主题句我们得知作者将要写“air travel”（ topic），他将要把“train”（ aspect）和“ air travel”作比较，并且陈述“reasons”。由此可见，作者在“aspect”（方面）和“reason”（原因）两方面限制他的主题。 3）要注意主题的可写性所定的主题不能太笼统，也不能太具体。 Example 4：In Hemingway's story “Soldier’s Home”，Krebs tells his mother that he wants no part of God's Kingdom．

如何找段落的主题句

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