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U4-u6

U4-u6
U4-u6

U4. Reading: The hamburger business

1.the history and development of McDonald?s 麦当劳的历史和发展

2.buy not one but eight of these expensive machines.

Not… but…意为“不是。。。而是。。。”,是个连词词组,连接相同类型的结构,如单词、短语、从句等。

Eg: The lost book was found not in the classroom but on the playground.

当not…but…连接两个主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。

3.be opened for business

4.be filled with customers. 顾客盈门

5.sb. be impressed by/ with / at sth.

sth. impress sb.

6.It reads…

7.Kroc suggested that they should set up more outlets.

当suggest解释“建议,提议”时,后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气。

suggest (that) sb. (should ) do sth.

eg: I suggested to him that we (should) deal with the problem in

another way.

当suggest解释“表明,暗示”时,宾语从句的谓语动词用真实语气。

eg: His response suggested that he didn?t like the idea.

suggest doing sth.

8.However, they did allow Kroc to launch other branched of

McDonald?s for them.

do/ does/ did + V. 结构表示强调,用来加强谓语动词的语气。

Eg: Do read English every day.

He doesn?t like novels, but he does like cartoons.

9.take over complete ownership of the business 接管了生意的所有权

take over the ownership / the business / the government from

10.B ack in 1956, McDonald?s adopted the motto …Q.S.C.&V.?

adopt 意为“采用,采取,采纳(方法,意见),收养”。

Eg: The local government has adopted new measures to deal with

air pollution.

The couple adopted a baby because they could not have children.

11.p ay great attention to detail 非常注重细节

12. A as well as B 强调A ,遵循就近原则,谓语动词跟从A 13.To achieve good service, McDonald?s has one of the best training programmes in the world.

动词不定式表示目的。

14.No doubt = undoubtedly/ without doubt “毫无疑问;无疑地”

可以看作是“There?s no doubt that…”的省略形式。

No doubt he meant to help, but in fact he just got in the way.

He is no doubt a nice person.

More reading : The rise of chain stores in China

1.during / in the last few years 体现现在完成时

2.the number of …。。。的数量+第三人称单数

a number of …大量的。。。+复数

3.sb. be likely to do sth. = It is likely that sb. will do sth.

4.pop into 突然进入

5.on one?s way to work 去上班的路上

6.celebrate with sb. 和。。。一起庆祝

7.China stores have become so popular that some people include them

as a factor when deciding where to live.

When deciding where to live 是when 引导的现在分词短语作时间状语。

Eg: When getting on the train, watch your step.

Where to live是“疑问词(what, where, which, who, whom, how )+ 不定式(to do)结构,在此句中作宾语。此结构还可用作主语。

Eg: Wait a minute! I still don?t know what to do and when to start. (作宾语)

Where to spend the Spring Festival has not been decided yet. (作主语)

8.Meeting the customers? needs is the answer.

Meeting the customer?s needs 是动名词作主语。

Eg: Working with you is my pleasure.

meet one?s needs 意为“满足某人的需求”,其近义词组有satisfy/ fill/ answer one?s requirements/ demands.

Eg: Sometimes it?s hard to meet the customers? needs.

9. in convenient locations. 在便利的地理位置

10.b e next door to

be close to

11.o ffer a wide range of products in a … environment 提供广泛的产品

12.i n the same way as…以相同的方法

13.i n case “假如,万一”引导条件状语从句。

Eg: Please remind me of the meeting in case I forget.

U5. Reading : Virtual reality

1.the development of a new technology called virtual reality 被称为虚

拟现实的新技术的发展

过去分词作定语,修饰名词technology

2.carry sth. with sb. 随身携带。。。

3.thanks to “由于;幸亏;多亏”

eg: Thanks to your kind help, I survived a difficult time in my life.

4.They are so close to your eyes that your mind will see the image as

one picture, and you will believe that you have entered a different

world. 它们离你的眼睛非常近,结果呈现在你脑海里的图像是在一个画面上,从而使你觉得已经进入了另一个世界。

5.enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事

6.With this glove you can reach out and touch things in the artificial

world.

With this glove 是介词短语,做状语。介词with意为“穿着,戴着”。的含义较多。

Eg: With this pass you can travel on any bus at half price.

I succeeded, with his support.

7. One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leave their classroom.

●介词by + 动名词,意为“通过做。。。”

Eg: They will be trilled to learn history by visiting the pyramids of Egypt, or by hand-feeding friendly dinosaurs.

By experimenting harmlessly inside a VR world, we will be able to see the dangers we may face in the future.

●be able to do sth. 能够做某事

8.distinguish … from…

9. be thrilled to do sth. 做某事感到很高兴

be thrilled by sth.

10.Be manufactured in metal 用金属制造

11.In hundreds of ways 在许多方面

12. concerned critics

be concerned about

be concerned that

13.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium.

prep. despite = in spite of ,后接名词等构成名词短语,做让步状语。

Eg: Despite the heavy rain, he arrived at the lecture on time.

情态动词can/ could可以表示从理论上或习惯上推测动作或状态有产生的可能。

Eg: If you succeed in passing the test, youcould be promoted.

14.

for sure 是一个副词短语,意为“确切地;毫无疑问”。

Eg: I think he will come to visit us soon, but I don?t know when for sure.

More reading: Wearable technology

1.wearable technology 可穿戴技术

2.be around for some time 出现有一段时间了

3.experiment with the idea 用这个想法、主意做实验

experiment vi. 后面必须+ 介词

experiment on/ upon “在。。。身上做实验”

Some people feel that experimenting on animals is cruel.

4. use technology to improve their performance 用技术来改善他们

的表现

5.monitor an athlete?s body 监控一个运动员的身体

6. help athletes perform better in difficult conditions

帮助运动员在困难的条件下表现更出色

7.before long 不久以后

Eg: Before long, you will get used to life here.

8. electric a. 1. 电的;导电的;发电的

I got an electric shock from the wire.

2. 用电的;电动的

The child likes electric toys.

这孩子喜欢电动玩具。

electrical a. 与电有关的,电气科学的

He is an electrical engineer.

electricity n. 电;电流;电力;电学

electronic a. 电子的;电子操纵的

electronic control/ electronic equipment / electronic music

电子控制/ 电子设备/ 电子音乐

9. They could tell us when we need to eat certain foods, take medicine or rest in order to stay healthy.

a)这句包含一个由引导的宾语从句。在这个宾语从句中包含有三个并列的不定式短语。即to eat certain foods, (to) take medicine, (to) rest in order to stay healthy.

U6 Reading: Transforming Mars

1.Ever since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of

interplanetary travel.

Ever since 意为“自从。。。以来“,since为介词,后接名词词组。

ever since 也可接从句,从句中谓语动词一般为过去时,主句中谓语动词常为现在完成时态。since为连词.

Eg: Ever since I caught a cold last Sunday, I have been in bed.

Ever since 也可放置句末,为副词。上句可改写为:I caught a cold last Sunday, and have been in bed ever since.

2.dream of sth./ doing sth. 梦想做某事

make dreams come true 使梦想实现。没有被动语态。

Eg: As long as you persist in working hard, your dreams will come

true.

3. Within 30 years, the first people will land on Mars and, by the year 2185, we will have established cities.

By 是介词,意为“到。。。为止“,引导时间状语。主句中的谓语动词常用完成时态。

Eg: By that time, she had thought out a plan.

(By + 过去时间体现过去完成时)

By the end of next term, I will have finished all the courses.

(By + 将来时间体现将来完成时)

4.In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth.

ad. most= very “非常;很”

eg: I was most annoyed.

A is similar to

B in

C “与。。。相似”

eg: His coat is quite similar to mine.

5.The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth.

involve doing sth.

so that 引导目的状语从句。

Eg: I took the medicine so that I could become well.

6.check for signs of life 检查生命的迹象

7.as long as…只要,引导条件状语从句

8.This means using the …greenhouse effect?.

Mean to do sth. 打算做某事

Mean doing sth. 意味着做。。。

Eg: As we all know, raising wages means increasing purchasing power.

I mean to buy some new books, but I haven?t got time to go to the book store.

8. reflect the heat away 反射热量

9. be released into the air

10. If the greenhouse effect can be started, the ice caps will melt, releasing water vapour, and the temperature will rise to -40°C. Releasing water vapour (释放水蒸汽) 是现在分词短语作状语,表示伴随状态。

Eg: He hurried into the office, holding a pile of paper.

15.b e converted into oxygen. 被转换成氧气

16.t urn from pink to blue 由粉红色变成兰色

17.m igrate from Earth 从地球上移居过来

18.T he amount of oxygen in the air rises, and the air becomes breathable.

The amount of 意为“。。。的数量”,后面常跟可数名词

Eg: The amount of money they have raised is up to 50, 000 yuan . 19.T he transformation is complete .

complete a. 完成的

eg: When will the work on the new underground be complete?

complete vt. 完成

eg: When will you complete your work?

More reading: Chinese manned space flights

1.become involved in space exploration 参与太空探险

2.make the first attempt at / on sth. 首次尝试(做)某事

make the first attempt to do sth.

eg: The explorers made the first attempt at reaching the North Pole, but had to turn back.

v. attempt to do sth.

3.tie … to…把。。。系在。。。上面

4.The people watching might have thought that he was successful.

●watching 是现在分词做定语,修饰people.

eg: The girl telephoning is the new secretary.

●might have +done 表示推测, 意为“也许已经。。。”

eg: The room was dark, so he might have gone to bed.

5.He most likely was consumed in the explosion 他很有可能已在爆

炸中葬身。

Consume 毁灭,消耗

6.begin its manned space programme 启动了载人航天计划

7.This time was beaten by China?s next manned space flight, Shenzhou 6, which began on 12 October 2005.

which 引导的一句非限制性定语从句,补充说明Shenzhou6 的具体情况。

Eg: He was standing in front of the tower, which was about 500 years old.

8.missions leading to a lunar station 建立月球空间站的任务

9.research on the idea of sending women into space

research on the idea of doing sth . 就。。。想法开展研究

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