16年12月六级第1套真题及答案详解20页

2016年12月大学英语六级真题(第1套) PartⅠWriting(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on invention.Your essay should include the importance of invention and measures to be taken to encourage invention.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.

PartⅡListening Comprehension(30minutes) Section A

Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.

Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1 A.It tries to predict the possible trends of global climate change.

B.It studies the impacts of global climate change on people’s lives.

C.It links the science of climate change to economic and policy issues.

D.It focuses on the efforts countries can make to deal with global warming.

2 A.It will take a long time before a consensus is reached on its impact.

B.It would be more costly to deal with its consequences than to avoid it.

C.It is the most pressing issue confronting all countries.

D.It is bound to cause endless disputes among nations.

3 A.The transition to low-carbon energy systems. B.The cooperation among world major powers.

C.The signing of a global agreement.

D.The raising of people’s awareness.

4 A.Carry out more research on it. B.Cut down energy consumption.

C.Plan well in advance.

D.Adopt new technology.

Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.

5 A.When luck plays a role. B.what determines success.

C.Whether practice makes perfect.

D.How important natural talent is.

6 A.It knocks at your door only once in a while. B.It is something that no one can possibly create.

C.It comes naturally out of one's self-confidence.

D.It means being good at seizing opportunities.

7 A.Luck rarely contributes to a person's success.

B.One must have natural talent to be successful.

C.One should always be ready to seize opportunities.

D.Practice is essential to becoming good at something.

8 A.Putting time and effort into fun things is profitable.

B.People who love what they do care little about money.

C.Being passionate about work can make one wealthy.

D.People in need of money work hard automatically.

Section B

Directions:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.

Questions9to12are based on the passage you have just heard.

9 A.The stump of a giant tree. B.A huge piece of rock.

C.The peak of a mountain.

D.A tall chimney.

10 A.Human activity. B.Wind and water.

C.Chemical processes.

D.Fire and fury.

11 A.It is a historical monument. B.It was built in ancient times.

C.It is Indians'sacred place for worship.

D.It was created by supernatural powers.

12 A.By sheltering them in a cave. B.By killing the attacking bears.

C.By lifting them well above the ground.

D.By taking them to the top of a mountain. Questions13to15are based on the passage you have just heard.

13 A.They will buy something from the convenience stores.

B.They will take advantage of the time to rest a while.

C.They will have their vehicles washed or serviced.

D.They will pick up some souvenirs or gift items.

14 A.They can bring only temporary pleasures.

B.They are meant for the extremely wealthy.

C.They should be done away with altogether.

D.They may eventually drive one to bankruptcy.

15 A.A good way to socialize is to have daily lunch with one's colleagues.

B.Retirement savings should come first in one's family budgeting.

C.A vacation will be affordable if one saves20dollars a week.

D.Small daily savings can make a big difference in one's life.

Section C

Directions:In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be played only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.

Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.

16 A.They should be done away with. B.They are necessary in our lives.

C.They enrich our experience.

D.They are harmful to health.

17 A.They feel stressed out even without any challenges in life.

B.They feel too overwhelmed to deal with life's problems.

C.They are anxious to free themselves from life's troubles.

D.They are exhausted even without doing any heavy work.

18 A.They expand our mind. B.They prolong our lives.

C.They narrow our focus.

D.They lessen our burdens

Questions19to22are based on the recording you have just heard.

19 A.It is not easily breakable. B.It came from a3D printer.

C.It represents the latest style.

D.It was made by a fashion designer.

20 A.When she had just graduated from her college.

B.When she attended a conference in New York.

C.When she was studying at a fashion design school.

D.When she attended a fashion show nine months ago.

21 A.It was difficult to print. B.It was hard to come by.

C.It was hard and breakable.

D.It was extremely expensive.

22 A.It is the latest model of a3D printer. B.It is a plastic widely used in3D printing.

C.It gives fashion designers room for imagination.

D.It marks a breakthrough in printing material. Questions23to25are based on the recording you have just heard.

23 A.They arise from the advances in technology.

B.They have not been examined in detail so far.

C.They are easy to solve with modern technology.

D.They can't be solved without government support.

24 A.It is attractive to entrepreneurs. B.It demands huge investment.

C.It focuses on new products.

D.It is intensely competitive.

25 A.Cooperation with big companies. B.Recruiting more qualified staff.

C.In-service training of IT personnel.

D.Sharing of costs with each other.

PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes) Section A

Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions26to35are based on the following passage.

It is important that scientists be seen as normal people asking and answering important questions. Good,sound science depends on26,experiments and reasoned methodologies.It requires a willingness to ask new questions and try new approaches.It requires one to take risks and experience failures.But good science also requires27understanding,clear explanation and concise presentation.

Our country needs more scientists who are willing to step out in the public28and offer their opinions on important matters.We need more scientists who can explain what they are doing in language that is29and understandable to the public.Those of us who are not scientists should also be prepared to support public engagement by scientists,and to30scientific knowledge into our public communications.

Too many people in this country,including some among our elected leadership,still do not understand how science works or why robust,long-range investments in research vitally matter.In the1960s,the United States31nearly17%of discretionary(可酌情支配的)spending to research and development,32decades of economic growth.By2008,the figure had fallen into the single33 This occurs at a time when other nations have made significant gains in their own research capabilities.

At the University of California(UC),we34ourselves not only on the quality of our research,but also on its contribution to improving our world.To35the development of science from the lab bench to the market place,UC is investing our own money in our own good ideas.

A)arena B)contextual C)convincing D)devoted E)digits

F)hasten G)hypotheses H)impairing I)incorporate J)indefinite

K)indulge L)inertia M)pride N)reaping O)warrant

Section B

Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.

Are We in an Innovation Lull?

[A]Scan the highlights of this year's Consumer Electronics Show(CES),and you may get a slight feeling of having seen them before.Many of the coolest gadgets this year are the same as the coolest gadgets last year--or the year before,even.The booths are still exciting,and the demos are still just as crazy.It is still easy to be dazzled by the display of drones(无人机),3D printers,virtual reality goggles(眼镜)and more "smart"devices than you could ever hope to catalog.Upon reflection,however,it is equally easy to feel like you have seen it all before.And it is hard not to think:Are we in an innovation lull(间歇期)? [B]In some ways,the answer is yes.For years,smartphones,televisions,tablets,laptops and desktops have made up a huge part of the market and driven innovation.But now these segments are looking at slower growth curves--or shrinking markets in some cases--as consumers are not as eager to spend money on new gadgets.Meanwhile,emerging technologies--the drones,3D printers and smart-home devices of the world--now seem a bit too old to be called"the next big thing."

[C]Basically the tech industry seems to be in an awkward period now."There is not any one-hit wonder, and there will not be one for years to come,"said Gary Shapiro,president and chief executive of the Consumer Technology Association(CTA).In his eyes,however,that doesn't necessarily mean that innovation has stopped.It has just grown up a little."Many industries are going out of infancy and becoming adolescents,"Shapiro said.

[D]For instance,new technologies that are building upon existing technology have not found their footing well enough to appeal to a mass audience,because,in many cases,they need to work effectively with other devices to realize their full appeal.Take the evolution of the smart home,for https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7613281384.html,panies are pushing it hard but make it almost overwhelming even to dip a toe in the water for the average consumer, because there are so many compatibility issues to think about.No average person wants to figure out whether their favorite calendar software works with their fridge or whether their washing machine and tablet get along.Having to install a different app for each smart appliance in your home is annoying;it would be nicer if you could manage everything together.And while you may forgive your smartphone an occasional fault,you probably have less patience for error messages from your door lock.

[E]Companies are promoting their own standards,and the market has not had time to choose a winner yet as this is still very https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7613281384.html,panies that have long focused on hardware now have to think of ecosystems instead to give consumers practical solutions to their everyday problems."The dialogue is changing from what is technologically possible to what is technologically meaningful,"said economist Shawn DuBravac. DuBravac works for CTA--which puts on the show each year--and said that this shift to a search for solutions has been noticeable as he researched his predictions for2016.

[F]"So much of what CES has been about is the cool.It is about the flashiness and the gadgets,"said John Curran,managing director of research at Accenture."But over the last couple of years,and in this one in particular,we are starting to see companies shift from what is the largest screen size,the smallest form factor or the shiniest object and more into what all of these devices do that is practical in a consumer's life. "Even the technology press conferences,which have been high-profile in the past and reached a level of drama and theatrics fitting for a Las Vegas stage,have a different bent to them.Rather than just dazzling with a high cool factor,there is a focus on the practical.Fitbit,for example,released its first smartwatch Monday,selling with a clear purpose--to improve your fitness--and promoting it as a"tool,not a toy."Not only that,it supports a number of platforms:Apple's iOS,Google's Android and Microsoft's Windows phone.

[G]That seems to be what consumers are demanding,after all.Consumers are becoming increasingly bored with what companies have to offer:A survey of28,000consumers in28countries released by Accenture found consumers are not as excited about technology as they once were.For example,when

asked whether they would buy a new smartphone this year,only48percent said yes--a six-point drop from 2015.

[H]And when it comes to the hyper-connected super-smart world that technology firms are painting for us, it seems that consumers are growing more uneasy about handing over the massive amounts of consumer data needed to provide the personalized,customized solutions that companies need to improve their services.That could be another explanation for why companies seem to be strengthening their talk of the practicality of their devices.

[I]Companies have already won part of the battle,having driven tech into every part of our lives,tracking our steps and our very heartbeats.Yet the persistent question of"Why do I need that?"--or,perhaps more tellingly,"Why do you need to know that?"--dogs the steps of many new ventures.Only13percent of respondents said that they were interested in buying a smartwatch in2016,for example--an increase of just one percent from the previous year despite a year of high-profile launches.That is bad news for any firm that may hope that smartwatches can make up ground for maturing smartphone and tablet markets.And the survey found flat demand for fitness monitors,smart thermostats(恒温器)and connected home cameras,as well.

[J]According to the survey,that lack of enthusiasm could stem from concerns about privacy and security. Even among people who have bought connected devices of some kind,37percent said that they are going to be more cautions about using these devices and services in the future.A full18percent have even returned devices until they feel they can get safer guarantees against having their sensitive information hacked. [K]That,too,explains the heavy Washington presence at this year's show,as these new technologies intrude upon heavily regulated areas.In addition to many senior officials from the Federal Trade and Federal Communications commissions,this year's list of policy makers also includes appearances from Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx,to talk about smart cities,and Federal Aviation Administration Administrator Michael Huerta,to talk about drones.

[L]Curran,the Accenture analyst,said that increased government interest in the show makes sense as technology becomes a larger part of our lives."There is an incompatibility in the rate at which these are advancing relative to the way we're digesting it,"he said."Technology is becoming bigger and more aspirational,and penetrating almost every aspect of our lives.We have to understand and think about the implications,and balance these great innovations with the potential downsides they naturally carry with them."

36.Consumers are often hesitant to try smart-home devices because they are worried about compatibility problems.

37.This year's electronics show featured the presence of many officials from the federal government.

38.The market demand for electronic devices is now either declining or not growing as fast as before.

39.One analyst suggests it is necessary to accept both the positive and negative aspects of innovative products.

40.The Consumer Electronics Show in recent years has begun to focus more on the practical value than the showiness of electronic devices.

41.Fewer innovative products were found at this year's electronic products show.

42.Consumers are becoming more worried about giving personal information to tech companies to get customized products and services.

43.The Consumer Technology Association is the sponsor of the annual Consumer Electronics Show.

44.Many consumers wonder about the necessity of having their fitness monitored.

45.The electronic industry is maturing even though no wonder products hit the market.

Directions:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre. Passage One

Questions46to50are based on the following passage.

The Paris climate agreement finalised in December last year heralded a new era for climate action.For the first time,the world's nations agreed to keep global warming well below2℃.

This is vital for climate-vulnerable nations.Fewer than4%of countries are responsible for more than half of the world's greenhouse gas emissions.In a study published in Nature Scientific Reports,we reveal just how deep this injustice runs.

Developed nations such as Australia,the United States,Canada,and European countries are essentially climate"free-riders":causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions,while incurring few of the costs such as climate change's impact on food and water.In other words,a few countries are benefiting enormously from the consumption of fossil fuels,while at the same time contributing disproportionately to the global burden of climate change.

On the flip side,there are many"forced riders",who are suffering from the climate change impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem.Many of the world's most climatevulnerable countries, the majority of which are African or small island states,produce a very small quantity of emissions.This is much like a non-smoker getting cancer from second-hand smoke,while the heavy smoker is fortunate enough to smoke in good health.

The Paris agreement has been widely hailed as a positive step forward in addressing climate change for all,although the details on addressing"climate justice"can be best described as sketchy.

The goal of keeping global temperature rise"well below"2~C is commendable but the emissions-reduction pledges submitted by countries leading up to the Paris talks are very unlikely to deliver on this.

More than$100billion in funding has been put on the table for supporting developing nations to reduce emissions.However,the agreement specifies that there is no formal distinction between developed and developing nations in their responsibility to cut emissions,effectively ignoring historical emissions. There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or,importantly,who is responsible for their provision.Securing these funds,and establishing who is responsible for raising them will also be vital for the future of climate-vulnerable countries.

The most climate-vulnerable countries in the world have contributed very little to creating the global disease from which they now suffer the most.There must urgently be a meaningful mobilisation of the policies outlined in the agreement if we are to achieve national emissions reductions while helping the most vulnerable countries adapt to climate change.

And it is clearly up to the current generation of leaders from high-emitting nations to decide whether they want to be remembered as climate change tyrants or pioneers.

46.The author is critical of the Paris climate agreement because______

A.it is unfair to those climate-vulnerable nations

B.it aims to keep temperature rise below2℃only

C.it is beneficial to only fewer than4%of countries

D.it burdens developed countries with the sole responsibility

47.Why does the author call some developed countries climate"free-riders"?

A.They needn't worry about the food and water they consume.

B.They are better able to cope with the global climate change.

C.They hardly pay anything for the problems they have caused.

D.They are free from the greenhouse effects affecting"forced riders".

48.Why does the author compare the"forced riders"to second-hand smokers?

A.They have little responsibility for public health problems.

B.They are vulnerable to unhealthy environmental conditions.

C.They have to bear consequences they are not responsible for.

D.They are unaware of the potential risks they are confronting.

49.What does the author say about the$100billion funding?

A.It will motivate all nations to reduce carbon emissions.

B.There is no final agreement on where it will come from.

C.There is no clarification of how the money will be spent.

D.It will effectively reduce greenhouse emissions worldwide.

50.what urgent action must be taken to realise the Paris climate agreement?

A.Encouraging high-emitting nations to take the initiative.

B.Calling on all the nations concerned to make joint efforts.

C.Pushing the current world leaders to come to a consensus.

D.Putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once.

Passage Two

Questions51to55are based on the following passage.

Teenagers at risk of depression,anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon(霓虹灯)sign. Their risky behaviors--drinking too much alcohol,using illegal drugs,smoking cigarettes and skipping school--can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.

But a new study finds that there's another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of experiencing the same psychiatric symptoms:teens who use tons of media,don't get enough sleep and have a sedentary(不爱活动的)lifestyle.

Of course,that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet.But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme who are truly in jeopardy.Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag,these young people have been dubbed the"invisible risk" group by the study's authors.

"In some ways they're at greater risk of falling through the cracks,"says researcher Vladimir Carli. "While most parents,teachers and clinicians would react to an adolescent using drugs or getting drunk,they may easily overlook teenagers who are engaging in inconspicuous behaviors."

The study's authors surveyed12,395students and analyzed nine risk behaviors,including excessive alcohol use,illegal drug use,heavy smoking,high media use and truancy(逃学).Their aim was to determine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.

About58%of the students demonstrated none or few of the risk behaviors.Some13%scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors.And29%,the"invisible risk"group,scored high on three in particular:They spent five hours a day or more on electronic devices.They slept six hours a night or less.And they neglected"other healthy activities."

The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression;in all,nearly15%of this group reported being depressed,compared with just4%of the low-risk group.But the invisible group wasn't far behind the high-risk set,with more than13%of them

exhibiting depression.

The findings caught Carli off guard."We were very surprised,"he says."The high-risk group and low-risk group are obvious.But this third group was not only unexpected,it was so distinct and so large--nearly one third of our sample--that it became a key finding of the study."

Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early-warning signs for parents,teachers and mental health-care providers.And early identification,support and treatment for mental health issues,he says,are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders. 51.What does the author mean by saying"Teenagers at risk of depression,anxiety and suicide often wear their troubles like a neon sign"(Lines1-2,Para.1)?

A.Mental problems can now be found in large numbers of teenagers.

B.Teenagers'mental problems are getting more and more attention.

C.Teenagers'mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.

D.Depression and anxiety are the most common symptoms of mental problems.

52.What is the finding of the new study?

A.Teenagers'lifestyles have changed greatly in recent years.

B.Many teenagers resort to drugs or alcohol for mental relief.

C.Teenagers experiencing psychological problems tend to use a lot of media.

D.Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may have psychological problems.

53.Why do the researchers refer to teens who use tons of media,don't get enough sleep and have a sedentary lifestyle as the"invisible risk"group?

A.Their behaviors can be an invisible threat to society.

B.Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.

C.Their behaviors do not tend towards mental problems.

D.Their behaviors can be found in almost all teenagers on earth.

54.What does the new study find about the invisible group?

A.They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group.

B.They suffer from depression without showing any symptoms.

C.They do not often demonstrate risky behaviors as their peers.

D.They do not attract the media attention the high-risk group does.

55.What is the significance of Vladimir Carli’s study?

A.It offers a new treatment for psychological problems among teenagers.

B.It provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.

C.It may have found an ideal way to handle teenagers with behavioral problems.

D.It sheds new light on how unhealthy behaviors trigger mental health problems.

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes) Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.

随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。过去，中国人的时间主要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。然而，近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮。中国人不仅在国内旅游，出国旅游也越来越普遍。2016年国庆节假日期间，旅游消费总计超过4000亿元。据世界贸易组织估计，2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国，在未来几年里将成为出境旅游支出增长最快的国家。

2016年12月大学英语六级真题答案详解(第1套)

Part I Writing

My View on Invention

Drawing a comparison between modern life and ancient life,we cannot imagine what life will be like now without invention.Invention must be attached great importance to,as it is invention that contributes to the advancement of our society.There are several examples which can be cited to illustrate this concept.I can think of no better illustration than the following one.If Edison hadn't invented the light bulb,we would have lived a life as the blind in the night.

Given that invention plays such an essential role in our life,what can we do to cultivate this precious spirit?For one thing,it is advisable for the social media and publicity department to vigorously inform the public of the importance of invention.For another,the relevant authorities should set up favorable regulations to encourage invention.For example,they can set up the practice of giving premiums or issuing patent certificate to inventors.

Finally,I want to use the following saying as our mutual encouragement,"Invention is the spirit of human being's progress."At no time should we underestimate the power of invention.Therefore,when an idea comes to your mind,just make your own invention.

发明之我意

对比现代和古代，我们很难想象没有发明的生活会是什么样。我们必须高度重视发明，因为正是发明推动了社会的进步。许多例子可以证明这一观点。下面这个例子能更好地阐释这一观点。如果没有爱迪生发明灯泡，夜晚我们将过着盲人般的生活。

既然发明在我们的生活中扮演着如此关键的角色，我们应该如何培养这一宝贵精神呢?一方面，社会传播媒介和宣传部门应该大力向公众宣扬发明的重要性。另一方面，相关部门应该制定一些有利的规章制度来鼓励创造，例如，制定相关规定对发明者进行奖励或颁发专利证书。

最后我想引用一句话与君共勉，"发明是人类进步的灵魂。"任何时候我们都不能低估发明的力量。所以，当你脑海中浮现某种想法时，尽管大胆去发明。

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

Conversation One

W:Professor Henderson could you give us a brief overview of what you do,where you work and your main area of research?

M:Well(1)the Center for Climate Research where I work s the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy.Some of our research is to do with the likely impacts of climate change and all of the associated risks.

W:And how strong is the evidence that climate change is happening that it's really something we need to be worried about.

M:Well most of the science of climate change particularly that to do with global warming is simply fact. But other aspects of the science are less certain or at least more disputed.And so we're really talking about risk(2)what the economics tells us is that it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change to avoid the risk than it has to deal with the likely consequences.

W:So what are we doing?What can we do about it?

M:Well I would argue that we need to develop the science specifically to understand the likely impacts of climate change in different contexts.As I said we need to understand the best ways of avoiding climate

change.（3）And this will involve a huge transition to low carbon energy systems and the transition is a tremendous priority.And for this to happen,we may need action on a global scale from a political perspective.We need to understand the terms on which major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement because at the moment we don't have that consensus.

W:Right.

M:（4）And we also need to plan ahead so that we're in a position to deal with the likely levels of climate change which are already inevitable and even more so to for the levels that are likely if we don't get those global agreements.

Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.

1.What does Professor Hendetson say about his main area of research?

2.What does Professor Hendetson say about climate change?

3.What does Professor Hendetson say is a top priority in combating climate change?

4.What does Professor Hendetson advise us to do to better deal with climate change?

1.【答案】C根据对话中Professor Henderson的回答"Well the Center for Climate Research where I work links the science of climate change to issues around economics and policy."可知答案选C。

2.【答案】B【解析】根据对话中Professor Henderson的回答"...it's probably cheaper to avoid climate change to avoid the risk than it has to deal with the likely consequences."可知答案选B。

3.【答案】A【解析】根据对话中Professor Henderson的回答"...this will involve a huge transition to low carbon energy systems and the transition is a tremendous priority."可知答案选A。

4.【答案】C【解析】根据对话中Professor Henderson的回答"And we also need to plan ahead so that…"可知答案选C。

Conversation Two

W:I have many business English students.When I teach in the classroom,(5)we often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success,and it's interesting that many of them mention the element of luck.

M:Right.

W:Luck is important to success,but since you've seen that fantastic video on the TED Talks website by Richard St.John...he doesn't mention luck at all.

M:Well,I'm a firm believer that people can make their own luck.I mean,what people regard as luck you can actually create to a degree.

W:Sure.(6-1)I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way.

M:Yes.Very good point.

W:(6-2)Seizing the opportunities.But was there any point in the video that you thought was particularly interesting?

M:Yes,actually there was.Something very impressive to me is many people think that luck is important and that natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful(7)And in the video we saw, the point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent.It's all about practice, practice,practice.

W:Definitely yeah.Natural talent helps in some way.But at the end of the day,you really do need to work hard and get really,really good at what you do.

M:Sure.

W:I thought one interesting thing in the video was the idea of passion being so important.And there're people who really love what they do--of course,you're going to want to work harder and put the time and

effort into it.(8)And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard,then money kind of comes automatically.

Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.

5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?

6.What is the woman’s view of luck?

7.What is the chief point the TED Talks video makes?

8.What does the woman think is the funny thing in the TED Talks video?

5.【答案】B【解析】根据听力材料"...we often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success.And it's interesting that…"可知答案选B。

6.【答案】D【解析】根据听力材料中女士的回答"I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way"可知答案选D。

7.【答案】D【解析】根据听力材料中男士的回答"...It's all about practice,practice,practice."可知答案选D。

8.【答案】C【解析】根据听力材料中女士的回答"And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard,the money kind of comes automatically"可知答案选C。Section B

Passage One

(9)Devil’s Tower,the first national monument in America,could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree.Its sheer rock sides sweep up from a broad until they cut off abruptly at the flat summit. Rising more than1,000feet in the middle of the gently rolling plains of Wyoming,the massive column of rock,looks as though it was dropped down into this location from a different time and place.

In a sense,it was,Devil’s Tower is a relic of the past.When the melt rock of the earth’s core forced its way to the surface to form the throat of a volcano,as the centuries passed,the rock cooled and hardened, shrinking and cracking into long columns.(10)Born in fire and fury.Devil’s Tower was then shaped by the slow,gentle work of wind and water.The outer s of the volcano were worn away until the hard core stood completely exposed.

(11)Small wonder that an Indian legend described Devil’s Tower as being formed by supernatural powers.The legend says that when seven girls were attacked by bears,they took refuge on top of a small rock,and they appealed to the Rock God for help.(12)The God caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground,while it sides were scored by the claws of the angry bears.Even today,says the legend,the girls can be seen above the towering rock.As seven shining stars in the night sky. Questions9to12are based on the passage you have just heard.。

9.What does the Devil’s Tower look like?

10.What cause the volcano’s outer s to wear away?

11.What does the Indian legend say about the Devil’s Tower?

12.How did the Rock God help the seven girl in the Indian legend?

9.【答案】A【解析】根据听力材料"Devil's Tower…could almost be mistaken for the stump of an enormous tree."可知答案选A。

10.【答案】B【解析】根据听力材料“Devil’s Tower was then shaped by the slow,gentle work of wind and water.”可知答案选B。

11.【答案】D【解析】根据听力材料"It is small wonder that an Indian legend described Devil's Tower as being formed by supernatural powers."可知答案选D。

12.【答案】C【解析】根据听力材料"The God caused the rock to grow and to lift the girls far above the ground…"可知答案选C。

Passage Two

(13)It’s no accident that most gas stations have convenience stores attached.Few of us can fill up the tank without buying a few snacks,cigarettes，soft drinks or other items we can live without.I deserve it. That’s what hard working men and women say to justify their lavish vacations,big stereo systems or regular restaurant meals.They do deserve such indulgences.However,they also deserve a home of their own--a secure retirement and freedom from worrying about unpaid bills.

No one should have to live with what a Texas mother described as constant stress，tension,even fear about money.(14)Sadly the pleasure that comes from extravagances often disappears long before the bills do.The video camera that one single mother bought for a special occasion,for example,is not much fun now.She’s figured out that it will take her another three years to pay it off at$30a month.And the New Yorkers who spent a bundle on an outdoor hot tub now admit they rarely use it,because we can't afford to heat it in winter.The solution set priorities add up the annual cost of each item.Then consider what else you can buy with the same money.That will help you decide which items are really worth it.(15)One Chicago woman,for example,discovered that daily lunches with coworkers cost her$2000a year;she decided to take lunch to work instead.“I now put$20a week into my vacation fund and another20into retirement savings,she says,those mean more to me than lunch”.

Questions13to15are based on the passage you have just heard.

13.What does the speaker say about drivers who stop at gas stations?

14.What does the speaker say about extravagances?

15.What does a speaker want to show by the example of the Chicago woman?

13.【答案】A【解析】根据听力材料"It's no accident that most gas stations have convenience stores attached. Few of us can fill up the tank without buying…"可知答案选A。

14.【答案】A【解析】根据听力材料"the pleasure that comes from extravagances…"可知答案选A。

15.【答案】D【解析】根据听力材料"...Then consider what else you can buy with the same money.…"可知答案选D。

Section C

Recording One

Let’s say you start to brain storm a list of all the emotions you ever experienced.Just for fun,try it now.

What’s on your list?Chances are,you included things like:happy,sad,excited,angry,afraid,grateful, proud,scared,confused,stressed,relaxed and amazed.Now sort your list into two categories:positive emotions and negative emotions.

(16)Feeling both positive and negative emotions is a natural part of being human.We might use the word negative to describe more difficult emotions but it does not mean those emotions are bad or we shouldn’t have them.Still,most people were probably rather feel a positive emotion than a negative one. It’s likely you prefer to feel happy instead of sad or confident instead of insecure.

What matters is how our emotions are balanced.How much of each type of the emotion positive or negative we experience.

Negative emotions warn us of threats or challenges that we may need to deal with.For example,fear can alert us to possible danger,it’s a signal that we might need to protect ourselves.Angry feelings warn us that someone is stepping on our toes,crossing a boundary or violating our trust.Anger can be a signal that we might have to act on our own behalf.

Negative emotions focus our awareness.They help us to zero in on a problem so we can deal with it.

(17)But too many negative emotions can make us feel overwhelmed,anxious,exhausted or stressed out. When negative emotions are out of balance,problems might seem too big to handle.

The more we dwell on our negative emotions,they more negative we begin to feel.Focusing on negativity just keeps it going.

Positive emotions balance out negative ones,but they have other powerful benefits,too.Instead of narrowing our focus,like negative emotions do,(18)positive emotions affect our brains in ways that increase our awareness,attention and memory.They help us take in more information,hold several ideas in mind at once and understand how different ideas relate to each other.

When positive emotions open us up to new possibilities,we are more able to learn and build on our skills.That leads to doing better on tasks and tests.

People who have plenty of positive emotions in their everyday lives tend to be happier,healthier,learn better and get along well with others.

Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.

16.What does the speaker say about negative emotions?

17.What happens to people whose negative emotions are out of balance?

18.How do positive emotions affect us?

16.【答案】B【解析】根据听力材料"Feeling both positive and negative emotions is a natural part of being human."可知答案选B。

17.【答案】B【解析】根据听力材料"When negative emotions are out of balance,problems might seem too big to handle."可知答案选B。

18.【答案】A【解析】根据听力材料"People who have plenty of positive emotions in their everyday lives tend to be happier,healthier,learn better and get along well with others."可知答案选A。

Recording Two

In the past few months,I've been traveling for weeks at a time with only one suitcase of clothes.One day,I was invited to an important event,and I wanted to wear something special for it.I looked through my suitcase but couldn't find anything to wear.(19)I was lucky to be at the technology conference then,and I had access to3D printers.So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer,and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight.The next morning,I just took all the pieces,assembled them together in my hotel room,and this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now.

So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes.(20)For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and3D print an entire fashion collection from my home.The problem was that I barely knew anything about3D printing,and I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks.

I always felt most creative when I worked from home.I loved experimenting with new materials,and I always tried to develop new techniques to make the most unique textiles for my fashion projects.

One summer break,I came here to New York for an internship at a fashion house in Chinatown.We worked on two incredible dresses that were3D printed.They were amazing--like you can see here.But I had a few problems with them.(21)They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable.The models couldn't sit in them,and they even got scratched from the plastics under their arms.

So now,the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with,I mean the material you feed the printer with.(22)The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex,which is a new kind of printing material.It's strong,yet very flexible.And with it,I was able to print the first garment,a

red jacket that had the word"freedom"embedded into it.And actually,you can easily download this jacket, and change the word to something else,for example,your name or your sweetheart's name.

So I think in the future,materials will evolve,and they will look and feel like fabrics we know today, like cotton or silk.

Questions19to22are based on the recording you have just heard.

19.What does the speaker say about the skirt she is wearing now?

20.When did the speaker start experimenting with3D printing?

21.What was the problem with the material the speaker worked on at a New York fashion house?

22.What does the speaker say about Filaflex?

19.【答案】B【解析】根据听力材料"I had access to3D printers…this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now"可知答案选B。

20.【答案】C【解析】根据听力材料"For my senior collection at fashion design school,I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home."可知答案选C。

21.【答案】C【解析】根据听力材料"They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable."可知答案选C。

22.【答案】D【解析】根据听力材料"The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Filaflex,which is

a new kind of printing material."可知答案选D。

Recording Three

Welcome to the third lecture in our series on the future of small businesses in Europe.(23)The purpose of today's lecture,as you have seen from the title and the abstract,is to examine in more detail the problems facing small and medium-sized enterprises which arise at least in part from having to adapt to rapid advances in technology.And I want to look at these both from a financial and from a personnel point of view and to offer a few hopefully effective solutions.

Here we have three of the most important problems facing small businesses that I want to look at today.

First,keeping up with the pace of technological change.Recruiting high quality staff and at a time of skills shortages in IT as a whole and in a highly competitive market.And the issue of retaining staff once they've been recruited and trained.Now,all of these problems involves significant costs for all businesses. But there are particularly challenging issue for small and medium-sized enterprises.And those costs would vary depending on the size and scale of the businesses.

So let's come to the first issue on our list which is keeping pace with developments in technology.

(24)Now we all know that the technology industry is intensely competitive with new products being launched all year round as the various companies strive to compete with each other,rather than,say once a year or every couple of years.And this is a real headache for smaller businesses.So,let's imagine we have a small company which is doing ok.It's just about making a profit and it spends most of its income on the overheads.So for a company in this situation,keeping up to date with the latest technology,even if it's only for the benefit of key staff,this can be hugely expensive.

So in my view,some creative thinking needs to come in here to find ways to help companies in this situation to stay ahead in the game,but at the same time,to remain technologically competitive.

(25)Well,there's a possibility that small groups of companies with similar requirements but not directly competing with each other,they could share the cost of upgrading in much the same way as,let's say,an intranet operates within large organizations.In fact,cost sharing could be a very practical solution,

especially in times of financial difficulty.If there's a downward pressure on costs,because of a need for investment in other areas,I would argue that this is a perfectly feasible solution.

Questions23to25are based on the recording you have just heard.

23.What does the speaker say about the problem facing small and medium size enterprises?

24.What does the speaker say about the technology industry?

25.What is a practical solution to the problems of small-and medium-sized businesses?

23.【答案】A【解析】根据听力材料可知源自科技的进步，答案选They arise from the advances in technology.

24.【答案】D【解析】根据听力材料可知竞争很激烈，答案选It is intensively competitive. 25．【答案】D【解析】D。讲座末尾提到，如果中小企业有相似的需求，而彼此之间没有直接的竞争关系，那么分担升级成本是解决资金困难的一个非常实用的方法。因此答案为D。

PartⅢReading Comprehension

Section A

全文翻译：把科学家们看成提问并回答重要问题的普通人是很重要的。良好、健康的科学研究依赖于（26)假设、实验和缜密的方法论，它要求我们愿意提出新问题，尝试新方法。要求科研人员敢于冒风险，并经历失败。良好的科学研究还要求有（26）符合情境的理解，清楚的解释和简洁的展示。

我们的国家需要更多科学家登上公共(28)舞台，提供自己对重要事件的意见。我们需要这样的科学家，他们能够用(29）令人信服并且让人们听得懂的语言，对公众解释自己的所作所为。我们中那些不是科学家的人也应该做好准备，支持科学家参与公共事务，并将科学知识(30)并入到我们的公共传播中。

我们国家中的很多人，包括一些被选举出的领导人，仍然不了解科学是怎样工作的，也不了解为什么对科研的强劲长期投资十分重要。20世纪60年代时，美国将大约17%的可支配收入(81)专门用于科学研发，(32)收获了数十年的经济增长。到2008年时，这一数字下降到了个位（33）数。与此同时，其他国家却从其科研收获了丰硕成果。

在加州大学，我们不仅(34)为我们的科研质量自豪，也为我们的科研为改进世界所做出的贡献自豪，（35)加快科学从实验台走向市场，加州大学正将自己的资金投入到自己的优秀想法中。选项归类：

名词：A.）arena舞台，竞技场；E.）digits数字；G.）hypotheses假设；L）.inertia惯性，惰性；O）.warrant 授权，授权令

动词：D）devoted献身于，把……专用于；F）hasten加速；H）impairing损害；I）incorporate合并，使并入；K）indulge放纵，使沉溺于；M）pride以……为豪；N）reaping收获

形容词：B）contextual上下文的，情境的，前后关联的；C）convincing有说服力的，使人信服的；J）indefinite不确定的

26.【答案】G hypotheses假设。填名词，根据后面两个名词可知，这里一定填复数名词，即“好的科学基于假设、实验和方法论。”

27.【答案】B contextual填形容词，与understandable并列，语义相同，即“语言是公众能根据上下文能理解的”

28.【答案】A.arena。空格位于形容词之后，据此判断可填入名词，并与public连用构成固定搭配。故推测句意为“我们的国家需要更多科学家登上公共舞台”。因此填入A.arena“舞台，竞技场”。在备选项中，digits意为“数字”，inertia意为“惯性，惰性”，warrant意为“授权，授权令”，均不符合文意，且不能与public搭配，故排除。

29．【答案】C.convincing。空格位于以that引导的定语从句中，此定语从句使用了主系表结构，据此判断应填入形容词，且此形容词可以用来修饰language“语言”。根据句意“他们能够用令人信服

并且让人们听得懂的语言，对公众解释自己的所作所为”可知，答案为C.convincing“有说服力的，使人信服的”。在备选项中，indefinite意为“不确定的”，与文意相反，故排除。

30.【答案】I incorporate合并.填动词原形，to support…and to incorporate knowledges into…,incorporate into动词固定搭配。“把知识融入我们的公共交流中”

31.【答案】D devoted奉献填动词过去式。devote to固定搭配。“把17%的花费投入到研究和发展中”。

32.【答案】N.reaping.空格位于句子的主体结构之外，描述主句动词所引发的结果，属于结果状语成分，据此判断可填人现在分词。根据句意“美国将大约17％的可支配收入专门用于科学研究，________了数十年的经济增长”可知，答案为N.reaping“收获”。在备选项中，impairing意为“损害”，不符合文意，故排除。

33.【答案】E digits位数填名词。single digits个位数。“这个数字下降到个位数”。

34.【答案】M pride填动词原形。pride一词多性，这里考察动词用法：pride oneself on sth，以某人为自豪。“我们不仅以研究为自豪，也为对世界的进步做出的贡献而自豪”。

35.【答案】F hasten填动词原形。“为了促进科学从实验室到市场的发展”

Section B

全文翻译:我们正处于创新间歇期吗?

[A]·(41)浏览一下今年消费类电子产品展销会上的精彩部分你或许会感觉似曾相识。很多今年最炫酷的小玩意儿和去年的甚至前年的都一样。展台依旧令人兴奋，人们还是很疯狂。无人机3D 打印机、虚拟现实眼镜和更夕叫不上名字的"智能"设备，很容易让人感到头晕目眩。但是略加思恃，你就会感觉所有这些你都见过。于是你自然会想，我们是处于创新间歇期吗?

[B]从某种角度来说，答案是肯定的。（38)近年来智能手机、电视、平板电脑、笔记本、台式机占据了市场的大部分份额并引领着创新。但是现在这些产品的增长曲线已经减缓-或者在某些情况下市场份额已经缩水。因为消费者没有那么想要花钱买一些新的玩意儿了。同时无人机3D打印机和智能家居设备这些新兴技术似乎有点过时了，称不上是"下一个大事件"了。

[C]技术产业基本上正处在一个尴尬的时期。"(45-1)没有什么惊世骇俗的奇迹而且在未来几年内也不会出现，"美国消费者技术协会主席兼首席执行官盖瑞·夏培罗说道。(45-2)然而在他看来这并不意味着创新停滞了。只是进步了一点点。"很多产业正从婴儿期走向青少年期，"夏培罗说。

[D]例如，依托现存技术的新技术缺乏吸引大众的基础，因为在很多情况下，这些技术需要与其他的设备有效配合才能展现其真正的魅力。以智能家居的发展为例。（36)企业施加了很多压力普通消费者甚至简单试水都会面临巨大压力。因为需要考虑太多的兼容问题。一般人不会去研究他们最喜欢的日历软件是否适合他们的冰箱，或者他们的洗衣机是否和平板电脑兼容。费力去给任何一个智能设备安装不同的应用软件都很让人头大。如果你能够统一管理所有的东西，那就好多了。虽然你会容忍你的智能手机有时出点小差错，但是如果你的门锁出现错误信息时，你可能就没有那么多的耐心了。

[E]企业都在推行自己的标准，市场刚出现不久，没有时间选出一个优胜者。"一直以来关注硬件的企业现在不得不转而考虑生态系统;为消费者提供解决日常生活问题的实用方法。"话题从什么是技术上可行的转变为什么才是技术上有意义的，"经济学家消思·杜布拉瓦茨说道"(43)杜布拉瓦茨在美国消费者技术协会工作。该协会每年都会举办技术展，他说这种向着"找决方法的转变在他对2016年的预测做研究时表现尤为明显"·

[F]消费类电子产品展大都追求炫酷，浮华和器件本身，"埃森哲咨询公司研究部总经理约翰·卡兰说道。(40)"但是过去两年，尤其是去年我们开始看到企业从最大屏幕尺寸、最小形状系数或最闪的机身转而关注所有这些设备能够为消费者的生活切实·带来了什么。"甚至过去能达到拉斯维加斯舞台戏剧和舞台效果的技术新闻发布会，喜好也发生了改变。不再炙浊高炫酷的因素，

而是更加关注实际功能。例如，Fitbit(一家美国科技公司)在周一发布了其第弓款绦能手表;其卖点非常明确，那就是改善健康作为一件"工具而非玩具:兜售，不仅如此，这款手表还支持很多平台，如苹果的iOS系统，谷歌的安卓系统，还有微软的Windows phone系统。

[G]毕竟这似乎才是消费者所需要的。消费者越来越厌倦企业提供的服务了:埃森哲咨询公司发布了一份来自28个国家的2:8万名消费者的调查报告，结果表明，消费者不再像以前那样痴迷于科技。例如，当问及他们是否今年会买一部新的智能手机时，只有48%的人回答会，相较于2015年下降了六个百分点。

[H](42)对于科技公司为我们描绘的超连接超智能世界它们需要大量的消··者数据以提高服务水平为其设备的实用性。消费者提供个性化的解决方法，但消费者似乎对于这种方式感到越来越不安。这也解释了为什么科技公司大谈其设备的实用性。

[I](44)企业已经赢了一半科技的确渗透到了我们生活的方方面面记录我们的步数和心跳。但是那个恒久的问题"我为什么需要它呢扩或者说自了·"你们为什么需要知道它呢扩始终是很多新企业头疼的问题"例如，只有13%的受调查者表示"2016年有兴趣购买一款新酌智能手表，虽然高调宣传了一年，但比例也只比去年增加了1%。这对于任何一个希望智能手表能够追赶成熟的智能手机和平板电脑市场的企业来说都是坏消息。调查发现，对于健康监测、智能恒温器和联网家庭摄像机的需求也是持平的。

[J]调查结果显示，人们之所以热情不高，可能T出于对隐私和安全的考虑。即使是那些买过某种联网设备的人，其中37%的人也表示将来会更加谨慎地使用这些设备和服务。多达18%的人甚至退还过设备，除非他们能够保证自己的敏感信息不被黑客攻击。·

[K]（37）这同样也解释了为什么今年的展会上有这多多华盛顿官员参加。因为这些新的技术涉及了严格管制的领域。除工联邦贸易和联邦通信委员会的很多高级官员今年出席的政策制定者中也包括了交通部长安东尼·福克斯来讲速智慧城市以及联邦航空管坦局局长迈克尔，伍尔达来讲解无人机。

[L](39-1)埃森哲咨询公司分析师库兰认为政府对科技展越来越感兴趣是必然的因为科技已臻:成为我们生活中的一大部分。"科技发展的速度和我们能够消化的速度不协调，"他说。"科技越来越强大，并且更加野们自身所具有的负面影响·。"

36.【答案】D.题干讲消费者担心智能家居产品兼容性。D段有举例，并提到there are so many compatibility issues to think about.

37.【答案】K.只有这段提到。

38.【答案】B.The market demand for electronic devices is now either declining or not growing as fast as before.市场对于电子设备的需求现在不是在下降就是没有之前增长的那么快了。由题干关键词market定位到原文画线处。[B]段第二、三句提到，近年来，智能手机、电视、平板电脑、笔}己本、台式机占据了市场的大部分份额并引领着创新。但是现在这些产品的增长曲线已经减缓——或者在某些情况下市场份额已经缩水——因为消费者没有那么想要花钱买一些新的玩意儿了。题干中的electronic devices指原文中酶smartphones，televisions，tablets，laptops and desktops；declining和not growing对应原文中的slower growth curves和shrinking markets，故答案为[B]。

39.【答案】L.题干讲某研究员建议新产品的优缺点都要接受，L段有：Curren,the Accenture analyst,said…We have to understand and think about the implications,and balance these great innovations with the potential downside they naturally carry with them.

40.【答案】F.题干讲更关注实用价值而不是炫酷，F段有：we are starting to see companies shift from what is…into what all of these devices do that is practical in a consumer’s life.

41【答案】A Fewer innovative products were found at this year's electronic products show.

今年的电子产品展上创新产品变少了。由题干关键词this year's electronic products show定位到原文画线处。[A]段提到，很多今年最炫酷的小玩意儿和去年的甚至前年的都一样，题干中的innovative products对应原文中的coolest gadgets，故答案为[A]。

42.【答案】H Consumers are becoming more worried about giving personal information to tech companies to get customized products and services.消费者越来越担心为获得个性化产品和服务而将个人信息交给科技公司的这种做法了。由题干关键词Consumers，custonfized和services定位到原文画线处。

[H]段提到，对于科技公司为我们描绘的超连接超智能世界，它们需要大量的消费者数据以提高服务水平，为消费者提供个性化的解决方法，但消费者似乎对这种方式感到越来越不安。题于中的becoming more worried about对应原文中的growing more uneasy about；personal information对应原文中的consumer data，故答案为[H]。

43.【答案】E.题干讲CTA是CES段发起者，E段有：DuBravac works for CTA-which puts on the show each year

44.【答案】I由关键词fitness monitored定位到I

45【答案】C由关键词wonder定位到C

Section C Passage One

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去年十二月签订的《巴黎气候协议》预示着气候行动的一个新时代。世界各国首次同意将全球变暖控制在2C以下。

这对于一些易受气候变化影响的国家至关重要。全球超过一半的温室气体是由不到4%的国家排放出来的。在《自然科学报告》发表的一项研究中，我们揭示出这种不公平是如何产生深刻影响的。

(47)澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲的发达国家买质上走气候的"免费搭便车者":通过大量的温室气体排放造成大部分问题，而遭受到的气候对食品和水源的影响却并不多。换言之，有些国家正从矿物燃料消费中受益巨大，同时又不成比例地造成气候变化的全球性负荷。

(48-1)另千方面存在着很多"被迫上车的乘客":尽管在气候变化问题上没有什么责任却因此遭受影响。世界最易受气候变化影响的国家中，大部分是非洲国家或一些小岛国，它们只产生很少量的排放。(48-2)这有点像是一位从不抽烟的人因为吸入二手烟而榷患癌症，而老烟枪却很幸运地身体健康地拍着烟。

(46)《巴黎气候协议》作为全球各国决气候变化问题的积极举措一直受到厂泛欢迎，尽管其针对"气候公平"的细节最多可以说是较为粗略。

将全球气温升高控制在2毛"以下"值得肯定，但是各国为巴黎会谈而提交的减排承诺却很可能会有负众望。

超过一千亿美元的资金摆上桌面，来支持发展中国家减排。但是，协议明确指出在减排责任上，发达国家和发展中国家之间没有正式的区别，这显然忽视了既往的排放情况。(49)关于资金的提供者尤为重要的是谁应为他们的准备金负责协议中细节不足。确保这些资金，并且明确资金筹集的负责者，对于易受气候变化影响的国家的未来也是至关重要的。

世界上最易受气候影响的国家对于引发这种全球性疾病的责任较小，但却受害大。(50)如果我们想在实现各国减排的同时帮助最易受损的国家适应气候变化急需有效地启动协议中提出的这些政策。

而这一点很明显要取决于当代这些高排放国家的领导人在气候变化问题上想要以何种面目为世人牢记:是独裁者还是先驱者。

46.【答案】A it is unfair to those climate-venerable nations.细节题，题目定位词除了Paris climate agreement之外还有一个重点定位词critical，问作者为什么对此协议是批判态度，在文中并不是很明

确找到。第一段交代这项协议的具体时间内容等，第二段才谈到作者的批判态度。即we reveal just how deep this injustice runs,作者认为这是不公的，this injustice指代前两句，遭遇气候伤害的国家(少数4%国家)却承担一大半全球温室气体排放的责任，这是不公的。injustice=unfair

47.【答案】C They hardly pay anything for the problem they have caused细节题。定位词“free-riders”，这个词在第三段，冒号后解释说，通过大量温室气体排造成严重问题，同时却不用承担气候变化的代价。In other words后面的句子也在解释同一件事情。原文出现cost和problem在正确答案中以pay和problem复现。

48.【答案】C They have to bear consequences they are not responsible for细节题，定位词“forced-riders”和second-hand smokers，定位在第四段，who are suffering from climate impacts despite having scarcely contributed to the problem.这些forced-riders没有助长全球变暖这个问题但却要承担气候问题的不良后果。答案为近义词替换：bear consequences=suffer from impacts，be not responsible for=scarcely contribute to

49.【答案】B There is no final agreement on where it will come from细节题，定位词“100billion”，定位到第7段，该段出现核心考点“however”，说明整个段落对这笔资金的使用是转折后的评价，即负评价。答案应该选择B或C两个包含负评价的词之一(均出现no)。其中B There is no final agreement on where it will come from是对应转折后面的两个不足中的第二个不足，即对There is also very little detail on who will provide the funds or importantly who is responsible for their provision的同义改写，即协议中对谁提供资金及谁承担募集资金的责任没有做明确说明，探讨资金来源而非资金花费的方式。

50.【答案】D putting in effect the policies in the agreement at once细节题，定位词urgent action对应第8段(倒数第二段)，there must urgently be a meaningful mobilization of the policies outlined in the agreement即动用协定中拟定的政策，近义词替换put in effect(生效)=mobilization(动用)，及原词复现。

Passage Two

全文翻译

(51)面临抑郁、焦虑和自杀风险的青少年，常常把自己的问题表现得如同霓虹灯标识一般明目昭彰。他们的一些危险行为——过量饮酒、使用违禁药品、抽烟以及逃学——能够警示家长和老师严重的问题即将发生。

但是一项新的研究显示，另一个青少年群体几乎面临着同样严重的精神病征风险：那些大量使用多媒体，睡眠不足和不爱活动的孩子。

当然，这听上去像是在说这个星球上的每一个青少年。但研究警示，在上述三个方面均有极端表现的孩子才是真正的高危人群。(53)由于他们的行为通常并不被视为危险信号，这些年轻人被研究者标记为“隐形风险”人群。

“从某种意义上讲，他们更易深陷困境，”研究人员弗拉基米尔·卡利说，“大多数家长、老师和医生会对青少年滥用药品或酗酒有所反应，而却很容易忽视这些深陷此类难以察觉的行为的青少年。”

研究者们调查了12395名学生，分析了九种风险行为，包括酗酒、使用违禁药品、吸烟成瘾、过量使用多媒体和逃学。其目的在于确定青少年中存在的这些高危行为和精神健康问题之间的相互关系。

大约58％的学生没有表现出或极少表现出这些高危行为。大约l3％的学生在全部九种高危行为上计分尤其高。而29％为“隐形风险”群体，在三类行为上计分尤其高：他们每天花在电子设备上的时间在五个小时以上；他们晚间的睡眠只有或少于六个小时；他们忽视“其他健康活动”。

在全部九种高危行为上都有高计分的群体最易表现出抑郁症症状；整体来看，这个群体中有15％报告有抑郁倾向，而低风险群体只有4％报告存在这类问题。(54)但隐形风险人群也与高危人群相差无几，他们中有13％表现出抑郁症状。

研究结果令卡利始料未及。“我们十分震惊，”他说，“高危人群和低危群体是显而易见的，(52)但是这个第三类群体不仅是出乎意料的，而且十分明显，数量庞大——占我们样本数量的三分之一——成为这个研究的关键性发现。”

(55)卡利说，他的研究最为关键的一点在于为家长、教师和精神保健服务人员提供新的早期警示信号。尽早发现，并对精神健康问题提供支持和治疗，他说，这对于防止他们变成完全意义上的失常者是最佳的方法。

51.【答案】C Teenagers’mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.句子理解题。考查句子意思与上下文相同或相反，此处上下文无转折词，应读下一句话：Their risky behaviors can alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing.其意思是青少年的一些危险举动—喝酒吸毒等—能警告父母老师大事不妙了。对应答案青少年的心理问题是非常显而易见得观察到的。serious problems指心理问题，conspicuous behaviors指破折号中的危险举动的概括改写。

52.【答案】D Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may have psychological problems细节题。对应第二段转折but a new study：有一些青少年(睡眠不足不爱活动等行为)可能会有着同样的得精神疾病(psychiatric symptoms)的危险，正确答案对此处是概括型改写，那些行为对应着unobserved youngsters，也与上文的易观察的行为有着转折关系，psychological problems对应psychiatric symptoms。

53.【答案】B Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.细节题，定位词invisible risk,对应第三段，直接给出原因句：because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag.同义替换warning signal=red flag

54.【答案】A They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group

细节题，顺序原则+定位词invisible group，至定位句but the invisible group wasn’t far behind the high-risk set,with more than13%of them exhibiting depression.定位即答案，两句话均表示，这一群体和高危青少年群体在表现抑郁症的比例上几乎不相上下。

55.【答案】B it provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.细节题，Carli和significance对应最后一段it provides new early-warning signs for parents teachers and mental health-care providers.

Part IV Translation

With the improvement of living standards,holiday is occupying a more and more prominent position in Chinese people's life.In the past,making a living takes most of people's time,which gives them rare chance to go off on a trip.However,tourism has undergone a rapid growth in China for the past several years.The prosperity of economy and the emergence of the affluent middle class trigger an unprecedented tourism boom.

Not only does domestic traveling become common,but traveling abroad is also enjoying an increasing popularity among Chinese people.During the National Day holidays in2016,tourism consumption amounts to more than400billion yuan.According to the statistical data by the World Trade Organization, China will have become the world's largest tourism country by2020,and she will also see the fastest growth in overseas traveling expenditure in the next few years.

2016年12月英语六级(CET6)真题及答案(完整版))

2016年12月CET6大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析【官方完整版】 Part I 写作Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation.You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 【参考范文】 It is universally acknowledged that innovation refers to being creative, unique and different. In fact, today it is impossibly difficult for us to image a 21st century without innovation. We should place a high value on innovation firstly because innovative spirit can enable an individual to ameliorate himself, so he can be equipped with capacity to see what others cannot see, be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges. What’s more, we ought to attach importance to the role played by innovation in economic advancement. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, innovation to economic growth is what water is to fish. To sum up, if innovation misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination. In order to encourage innovation, it is wise for us to take some feasible measures. For example, mass media should greatly publicize the significance of creative spirit and encourage the public to cultivate awareness of innovation. Besides, those who manage to innovate should be awarded generous prize. Though there is a long way ahead to go, I am firmly certain that the shared efforts will be paid off. 【参考译文】 众所周知创新意味着有创造力，独一无二和不同。事实上，今天我们已经很难想想一个没有创新的21世纪。 我们应该重视创新首先是因为创新精神可以让一个人完善自身，这样他才能具备见他人所未见的能力，未来才有资格得到职业生涯的进步，才能做好准备迎接以后的挑战。另外，我们也应该重视创新在经济发展方面的作用。在这个多变的时代，创新对于经济增长就像水对于鱼一样重要。换言之，如果我们以任何可能的形式无视创新的重要性，我们将遭受非常巨大的损失。 为了鼓励创新，应该采取一些且行之有效的措施。例如，大众传媒应该大力宣传创新精神的重要性，并且鼓励公众养成创新的意识。此外，对于那些想法设法进行创新的人要给予丰厚的奖励。虽然还有很长的路要走，但是我坚信大家共同付出的努力会得到回报。

2016年12月英语六级听力原文(含翻译)第二套

翻译在最后 Conversation One M: Guess what? The worst food I've ever had was in France. W: Really? That's odd. I thought the French were all good cooks. M:Yes. That's right. I suppose it's really like anywhere else, though. You know, some places are good. Some bad. But it's really all our own fault. W: What do you mean? M: Well, it was the first time I'd been to France. This was years ago when I was at school. I went there with my parents' friends, from my father's school. They'd hired a coach to take them to Switzerland. W: A school trip? M: Right. Most of them had never been abroad before. We'd crossed the English Channel at night, and we set off through France, and breakfast time arrived, and the coach driver had arranged for us to stop at this little café. Th ere we all were, tired and hungry, and then we made the great discovery. W: What was that? M: Bacon and eggs. W: Fantastic! The real English breakfast. M: Yes. Anyway, we didn't know any better— so we had it, and ugh...! W: What was it like? Disgusting? M: Oh, it was incredible! They just got a bowl and put some fat in it. And then they put some bacon in the fat, broke an egg over the top and put the whole lot in the oven for about ten minutes. W: In the oven! You're joking. You can't cook bacon and eggs in the oven! M:Well. They must have done it that way. It was hot, but it wasn't cooked. There was just this egg floating about in gallons of fat and raw bacon. W: Did you actually eat it? M: No! Nobody did. They all wanted to turn round and go home. You know, back to teabags and fish and chips. You can't blame them really. Anyway, the next night we were all given another foreign speciality. W: What was that? M: Snails. That really finished them off. Lovely holiday that was! Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 1. What did the woman think of the French? Question 2. Who did the man travel with on his first trip to Switzerland? Question 3. What does the man say about the breakfast at the little French café?

20186月大学英语六级考试真题及答案及解析

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