英语单项知识的讲解与练习(61)

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（61）

301、be surrounded with/ by

（1）、surroundings环境，总是用复数，相应的动词也用复数，主要指周围的物质环境。如：live in pleasant surroundings生活在舒适的环境中；但为了强调整体概念而用了表示单数的指示代词也不算错。

（2）、condition的复数形式conditions可表示“环境，情况”，但主要表示抽象意义上的。

（3）、environment意为“环境”时，既可表示抽象概念也可表示具体意义，包括周围环境、外界、自然环境、社会环境等。

练习：

①She has always been ___ with many fashionable friends.

A. surrounded

B. called

C. organized

D. gathered

②___ by a group of children, the old man went on with the story.

A. Surrounded

B. Surrounding

C. To be surrounded

D. Being surrounded

③We don't see animals in their natural ___ at a zoo.

A. surrounding

B. surroundings

C. environments

D. circumstance

④A lot of the children at the school do not live in the town, but come from the ___ countryside.

A. surrounded

B. surrounding

C. surroundings

D. surround

⑤_____ by the police, the thief had no choice but to surrender（投

降）.

A. Surrounded

B. Having surrounded

C. To be surrounded

D. Surrounding

302、survive sb by 15 years

（1）、survive in the desert在沙漠中活下来；survive the fire经过大火而活下来；survive sb by 15 years比某人多活15年；survive on sth. = live on sth.靠……生存；

（2）、survive作vt，宾语指人，表示比某人（通常是直系亲属）活得长，survive的宾语后可接by，表示“比某人多活……年”；survive 的宾语表示危险、灾难、攻击、动乱等时，表示“幸免于”。如：She survived her husband by ten years. Miraculously, they survived the bombing.

练习：

①It is a wonder that the old house ___ the earthquake.

A. was survived

B. survived

C. was surviving

D. has been survived

②In dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they ___.

A. have survived

B. are to survive

C. would survive

D. will survive

③You’re really lucky enough ___ that terrible earthquake.

A. for surviving

B. to have survived

C. to survived

D. having survived

④Only one baby ___ the te rrible car crash last week.

A. reviewed

B. live through

C. survived

D. existed

303、suspect sb of (doing) sth

（1）、suspect him to have told a lie 怀疑他说了谎；suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人（做）某事；suspect sb to be/ that … 猜想某

人……；

（2）、suspect作形容词，通常只作表语；如：His heath is suspect, so he can’t go to school. suspect作vt，宾语指人，宾语后接of或不定式，间或接形容词，表示怀疑某人干了某事或是什么情况；如：The police suspected him of the crime. suspect的宾语指事物，表示“怀疑、怀疑……不可靠”；如：We suspected her sincerity. suspect后接that从句，表示“猜想、隐隐觉得”。如：We suspect (that) they’ll be a little late.练习：

①They suspect him ___ giving false evidence and want to ask him the reason.

A. in

B. of

C. to

D. for

②They said the problem was in the engine, ___ was just what I ___.

A. that; had inspected

B. which; had hoped

C. which; had suspected

D. that; had suspected

③The agent was ___ for carrying a false passport.

A. suspected

B. charged

C. arrested

D. accused

④If you ___ a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on electric

light.

A. inspected

B. respected

C. suspected

D. expected

304、be sympathetic with the patients

（1）、express my sympathy with somebody同情某人；feel/ have sympathy for sb同情某人；be in sympathy with赞同、支持；

（2）、be sympathetic with the patients对病人抱有同情心；in a sympathetic atmosphere在和谐的气氛中；

（3）、sympathetic 后接to或towards，表示“对表示同情或赞同”如：They were sympathetic to the plan./ I feel sympathetic towards the strikers.

练习：

①I could never have achieved this without the ___ of my teacher and family.

A. encouragement

B. cooperation

C. recognition

D. sympathy

②My husband ___ with my proposal to move to a new apartment.

A. responded

B. agreed

C. sympathized

D. reacted

③She was so kind-hearted that when the little boy told her what had happened she felt ___ towards him.

A. sympathetic

B. sympathy

C. sympathized

D. synthetic

④I had gained the ___ of the entire camp, but I did not feel very cool.

A. sympathy

B. attention

C. strength

D. help

305、tell somebody about (of) something

（1）、1）、tell somebody something/ tell something to somebody/ tell somebody about (of) something 跟某人谈论某事；2）、tell somebody to do something 告诉某人做某事；3）、He told me that their experiment was quite a success他对我说，他们的实验相当成功；

（2）、tell 与can, be able to 连用时，表示“辨别、识别、说出”的意思。

（3）、tell 前有do 的适当形式，常简写为：tell somebody to，如：You must do what I tell you to (省：do).

（4）、say 说、说道，着重所说的话的内容。如：He said that he wanted to be a doctor.

（5）、speak 说话，着重开口发音，不强调所说的内容。如一岁左右的小孩都能speak，但绝不会say。作及物动词时一般以某种语言为宾语。如：She spoke for forty minutes.

（6）、talk 谈论，与speak 意义相近，也着重说话的动作，但暗示话是对别人说的，因此有较强的对答讨论意味。宾语只能是某种语言及等词。如：Let’s not talk about it now.

（7）、tell 告诉，对他人说话，一般后面总要接两个宾语，另有“叫、吩咐”意。如：He told me that he would work harder.

练习：

①Time will ___ whether I made the right choice or not.

A. see

B. say

C. know

D. tell

②___, I’m not very interested in going to the show.

A. To talk the truth

B. To say the truth

C. To tell the truth

D. To tell truth

③Can you ___ the difference between the twin brothers?

A. say

B. speak

C. talk

D. tell

④Alice returned from the manager’s office ___ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.

A. having told

B. tell

C. to tell

D. telling

⑤The boy can’t ___ the time yet.

A. say

B. talk

C. speak

D. tell

⑥I can hardly ___ the difference between these two words.

A. point

B. talk

C. tell

D. speak

Keys:

301、AABBA

302、BBBC

303、BCCC

304、ACAB

305、DCDDDC

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