2018版高考英语大一轮复习课时作业：必修五_Unit1Great scientists 含答案

课时作业(二十一)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

[2017·石家庄二模]

If you watch British television on March15，you might be surprised to see celebrities(名人) wearing funny red noses and joking around.But don't worry.They're not mad.It's all part of a money raising event called Red Nose Day.

Founded in1985by two British comedians，the aim of the event is to raise money to fight poverty and injustice in the UK and Africa.Celebrities and public figures support the event by making appearances on comic TV shows.For example，UK Prime Minister David Cameron once appeared in a music video by One Direction，which the band produced for the event.

Britons don't just raise money for charitable causes on one day a year，but they do it all year round.One way of doing so is by shopping in charity shops.These small shops sell clothes，books and household goods just like any other shop except that it's all secondhand.

There are nearly10,000charity shops in the UK.Their business model is simple：Anybody who has things they don't want anymore can donate them to a charity shop，where they are checked for damage，cleaned and priced.The money that is made by selling them is used for a charitable cause.

The idea of buying used clothes may sound unpleasant，but for shoppers who have less spending money，it has been a welcome option.Now，shopping at charity shops is also becoming popular with young people looking for alternative fashion.“You can find very unique clothes for a very cheap price.It doesn't bother me that other people may have worn them.I simply wash them before I wear them.”said Anne Marie，a19-year-old from the US.

So next time you spot a charity shop，why not go inside？Who knows，you might find a lovely dress for just a few pounds.Even better，you can enjoy wearing it in the knowledge that your money helped a good cause.

1．Why did Cameron appear in One Direction's music video?

A．To earn a living.

B．To support the band.

C．To help raising money.

D．To entertain the audience.

2．Where are the goods of charity shops from?

A．Local bands.B．People's donation.

C．British comedians.D．The UK government.

3．What's Anne Marie's attitude to charity shops?

A．Favorable.B．Particular.

C．Doubtful.D．Disapproving.

4．What is the text mainly about?

A．Red Nose Day.B．British celebrities.

C．Charity in Britain.D．Secondhand shops.

答案：[解题导语]本文介绍了英国慈善事业的情况，邀请名人来参与慈善筹款，鼓励民众捐赠自己不需要的东西到慈善商店等。

1．C解析：推理判断题。联系上下文，根据第二段the aim of the event is to raise money to fight poverty and injustice in the UK and Africa可知，这一活动的目的就是为了筹集资金对抗英国和非洲的贫穷问题，故选C项。

2．B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Anybody who has things they don't want anymore can donate them to a charity shop可知，慈善商店的货物来源于民众的捐赠，故选B项。

3．A解析：推理判断题。根据Anne的话It doesn't bother me that other people may have worn them.I simply wash them before I wear them.可知，她并不介意这些东西是二手的，穿之前洗洗就行，所以她对这些慈善商店的东西是喜欢的，故选A项。

4．C解析：主旨大意题。本文主要是关于英国的慈善事业，介绍了慈善募捐和慈善商店，故选C项。

Ⅱ.阅读填空

[2017·江西都昌一中二模]

It's9a．m.，the morning rush hour in Toronto.A man has fallen down on a downtown street suddenly.Several passers-by stop to help the man.One woman reaches into her purse for her cellphone and hits911，the emergency number.__1__Within ten minutes，the stricken man is in the back of an ambulance and is sent to the hospital for life-saving treatment.

This scene is fairly common in Toronto and other major cities.Over the years，cities have developed systems to respond quickly to emergencies.__2__But none of this would be possible without the cooperation of car drivers who yield(让路)to emergency vehicles on busy downtown streets.In fact，it's against the law for drivers not to yield.

To yield means to give away or，more specifically，to get out of the way.__3__As yet，China doesn't have any specific laws that require drivers to yield，whether it is for slower cars to move over to the inside lane of a highway or for all cars to give way to emergency vehicles.__4__Drivers did not yield when they heard the ambulance's siren.

In Canada，failing to yield to an ambulance vehicle can result in a fine of$400-$2,000and reduction of three points off your license.That's for a first offense.__5__This punishment is severe because lives are in danger.

A．It has resulted in many lives being saved.

B．A second offense results in a bigger fine，the loss of your driver's license for two years and a possible jail sentence.

C．It saves lives and，who knows，someday it may save your own.

D．Three minutes later，sirens(警报)are heard in the distance as a police car，an ambulance and a fire truck race to the area.

E．It means pulling to the side of the road to let others pass.

F．Recently，an injured Beijing cyclist died on the way to hospital because the ambulance carrying him got stuck in city traffic.

G．Safe driving depends on driver's being aware of the traffic around them and yielding when necessary.

答案：1.D解析：根据前文“One woman reaches into her purse for her cellphone and hits911，the emergency number.”可知此处应该是指警车来了。

2．A解析：根据前文“Over the years，cities have developed systems to respond quickly to emergencies”可知，此处应该是表示结果，所以选择A项。

3．E解析：根据前文是在解释“To yield means to give away or，more specifically，to get out of the way.”此处是在做进一步的解释。

4．F解析：根据前文提到“China doesn't have any specific laws that require drivers to yield，...，”所以此处是给出一个具体的例子。与下文中的描述相呼应。

5．B解析：根据前文“That's for a first offense.”可知此处指的是a second offense。

Ⅲ.语法填空

[2017·山西考前质检]

Art improves our lives by directly or indirectly lifting the spirits of individuals,1._______(create)unity and social harmony.Art creates 2.________(aware)of social issues.Art may express and reflect the3.________(religion)，political and economical aspects of cultures.Art4.________(be)and can be whatever a culture says it is，or whatever people want it to be.5.________involves all people，those6.________come up with the idea of the work，perform it and provide necessary equipment and materials，and people who make up the audience for the work.Art usually appears7.________the form of diverse architecture，body decoration，clothing manufacture，and memorial sculptures.Art copies the natural world.It gives order to the world and strength to human life.Art is8.________means of communication.It provides pleasurable experiences along with intellectual wealth.Art also helps us to express our sentimental relations.It can9.________(beauty) surprise，inspire，stimulate imagination，tell stories and record history.10.________someone once said，“Art is life.”

答案：[解题导语]本文为说明文。艺术是社会生活的反映，它可以振奋人们的士气，提高社会凝聚力。

1．creating解析：考查现在分词作状语。根据空前的逗号可知，此处应用非谓语动词的形式，又因Art和create是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填creating。

2．awareness解析：考查名词。creates是动词，后面应用名词作宾语。故填awareness。

3．religious解析：考查形容词。空处与后面的political和economical并列，应用形容词形式。故填religious。

4．is解析：考查时态和主谓一致。主语Art为单数名词且文章整体时态是一般现在时。故填is。

5．It解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，空处应用代词It代指上文提到的Art。故填It。

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3.古今异义词 (1)若舍郑以为东道主 ．．． 今义:请客的主人 古义: (2)行李 ．．之往来 今义:出门所带的包裹、箱子等 古义: (3)共其乏困 ．． 今义:疲劳 古义: (4)微夫人 ．．之力不及此 今义:妻子 古义: 答案:(1)东方道路上(招待过客)的主人;(2)出使的人;(3)缺少(的东西);(4)那人,指秦穆公。 4.词类活用 (1)晋军．函陵,秦军氾南( ) (2)越国以鄙．远( ) (3)既东封 ．．郑( ) (4)与郑人盟．( ) (5)越国以鄙远．( ) 答案:(1)名词作动词,驻军;(2)名词意动用法,把……当作边邑;(3)名词作状语,在东边;名词使动用法,使……成为疆界;(4)名词作动词,结盟;(5)形容词作名词,边远的地方。 二、文言虚词 1.以 2.而

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