英语四级真题2017年6月(第三套)试卷及答案解析

2017年6月四级考试真题（第三套）

Part I

Writing (30 minutes) ．． D1rect10ns: For th· is part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer

Part II

you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Listening Comprehension 说明：2017年6月四级真题全国共考了两套听力。本套的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而巳。Part ID

Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of cho即es given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花），for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a

26 recent addition to the beverage. This was f1ISt mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a 27 ingredient in residue (残留物）from 5 , 000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China , scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers 28 they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient "beer-making tools," and the earliest

29 evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To

30 that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried 31 inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80% , were from cereal crops like barley (大麦），and about 10% were bits of roots, 32

lily, which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn't become a —33 food in central China until about 2,000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have 34 in the region not as food, but as

35 material for beer brewing. A)arrived B)consuming C)direct D)exclusively E)including F)inform

G)raw H)reached I)relatively

J)remains K)resources L)staple M)suggest N)surprising O)test

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains 叫o rmation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from咖ch the information is derived.

You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions

by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The Blessing and Curse of the People who Never Forget

A handful of people can recall al叩st every day of their lives in enormous detail—and after years of research , neuroscientists are finally beginning to understand how they do it.

A)For most of us, memory is a mess of blurred and faded pictures of our lives. As much as we would like to cling

on to our past, even the saddest moments can be washed away with time.

B)Ask Nima Veiseh what he was doing for any day in the past 15 years, however, and he will give you the details

of the weather, what he was wearing, or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work. "My memory is like a library of video tapes, walk-throughs of every day of my life from waking to sleeping," he explains.

C)V e iseh can even put a date on when those tapes started recording :15 December 2000 ,when he met his fast

girlfriend at his best friend's 16th birthday party. He had always had a good memory, but the thrill of young love seems to have shifted a gear in his mind :from now on, he would start recording his whole life in detail. " I could tell you everything about every day after that. "

D)Needless to say, people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists (神经科学专家）hoping to understand

the way the brain records our lives. A couple of recent papers have finally opened a window on these people's extraordinary minds. And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relive our past with greater clarity.

E)"Highly superior autobiographical memory" (or HSAM for short) , first came to light in the early 2000s, with a

young woman named Jill Price. E-mailing the neuroscientist and memory researcher Jim McGaugh one day, she 迦med that she could recall every day of her life since the age of 12. Could he help explain her experiences?

F)McGaugh invited her to his lab, and began to test her: he would give her a date and ask her to tell him about the

world events on that day. True to her word, she was correct almost every time.

G)It didn't take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to understand her "total recall," and

thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects (including V e iseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.

H)Interestingly, their memories are highly self-centred: although they can remember "autobiographical" life events

in extraordinary detail, they seem to be no better than average at recalling impersonal information, such as random (任意选取的）lists of words. Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks, say.

And although their memories are vast, they are still likely to suffer from "false memories. " Clearly, there is no such thing as a "perfect" memory—their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of us rely on. The question is, how?

I)Lawrence Patihis at the University of Southern Mississippi recently studied around 20 people with HSAM and found that they scored particularly high on two measures: fantasy proneness (倾向）and absorption. Fantasy proneness could be considered a tendency to imagine and daydream, whereas absorption is the tendency to allow your mind to become fully absorbed in an activity—to pay complete attention to the sensations (感受）and the experiences. "I'm extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail," explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies. "I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person. "

J)The absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis , and the fantasy proneness

means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months. Each time this initial memory trace is "replayed, "it becomes even stronger. In some ways, you probably go through that process after

a big event like your wedding day—but the difference is that thanks to their other psychological tendencies, the

HSAM subjects are doing it day in, day out, for the whole of their lives.

K)Not everyone with a tendency to fantasise will develop HSAM, though, so Patihis suggests that something must have caused them to think so much about their past. "Maybe some experience in their childhood meant that they became obsessed (着迷）with calendars and what happened to them," says Patihis.

L)The people with HSAM I've interviewed would certainly agree that it can be a mixed blessing. On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences. Veiseh, for instance, travelled a lot in his youth. In his spare time ,he visited the local art galleries ,and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.

M)" I magine being able to remember every painting, on every wall, in every gallery space, between nearly 40 countries," he says. "That's a big education in art by itself. " With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art, he has since become a professional painter.

N) Donohue, now a history teacher, agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education: "I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school. I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked like in the book. "

0)Not everyone with HSAM has experienced these benefits, however. Viewing the past in high definition can make

it very difficult to get over pain and regret. " It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments, "says Donohue. "You feel the same emotions—it is just as raw, just as fresh…You can't turn off that stream of memories ,no matter how hard you try. " V e iseh agrees :"It is like having these open wounds—they are just a part of you, "he says.

P)This means they often have to make a special effort to lay the past to rest. Bill, for instance, often gets painful " fl ashbacks ,"in which unwanted memories intrude into his consciousness ,but overall he has chosen to see it as the best way of avoiding repeating the same mistakes. "Some people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories, but that's not the case for me. I look forward to each day and experiencing something new. "

36.People with HSAM have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.

37.Fantasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HSAM.

38.Veiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he met his first young love.

39.Many more people with HSAM started to contact researchers due to the mass media.

40.People with HSAM often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.

41.Most people do not have clear memories of past events.

42.HSAM can be both a curse and a blessing.

43.A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.

44.Some people with HSAM find it very hard to get rid of unpleasant memories.

45.A recent study of people with HSAM reveals that they are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity. Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and

mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

The phrase almost completes itself: midlife crisis. It's the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing and death approaching.

There's only one problem with the cliche (套话）. It isn't true.

" I n fact ,there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago, " Barbara Hagerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined. The bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting of gears in the 40s or 50s, but this shift "can be exciting, rather than terrifying. "

Barbara Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth. They break routines , because "autopilot is death. " They choose purpose over happiness—having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease. They give priority to relationships, as careers often recede (逐渐淡化）．Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy. Midlife seems like the second big phase of decision-making. Your identity has been formed; you've built up your resources; and now you have the chance to take the big risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.

Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middle age, he wrote, "the sowing is behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself. "

The middle-aged person, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a "measured haste" to get big new things done while there is still time.

What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their frrst term in office at age 68, 69 and 74. A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself. What could have been considered the beginning of a descent is now a potential turning point—the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.

46.What does the author think of the phrase " m idlife crisis" ?

A)It has led to a lot of debate.B)It is widely acknowledged.

C)It is no longer fashionable.

47.How does Barbara Hagerty view midlife?

A)It may be the beginning of a crisis.

B)It can be a new phase of one's life.

C)It can be terrifying for the unprepared.

D)It may see old-age diseases approaching.

48.How is midlife pictured in the book Life Reimagined?

A)It can be quite rosy.

C)It undergoes radical transformation.

49.According to Karl Barth, midlife is the time.

A)to relax

C)to harvest

50.What does the author say about midlife today?

A)It is more meaningful than other stages of life.

B)It is likely to change the narrative of one's life.

C)It is more important to those with a longer lifespan.

D)It is likely to be a critical turning point in one's life.D)It misrepresents real life.

B)It can be burdensome.

D)It makes for the best part of one's life.

B)to mature

D)to reflect

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

In spring, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter's end. So it's no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honoring the egg.

Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. Others elevate the egg into a fancy art, like the heavily jewel-covered "eggs" that were favored by the Russians starting in the 19th century.

One ancient form of egg art comes to us from Ukraine. For centuries, U阮inians have been drawing complicated patterns on eggs. Contemporary artists have followed this tradition to create eggs that speak to the anxieties of our age: Life is precious, and delicate. Eggs are, too.

"There's something about their delicate nature that appeals to me," says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago , she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modem characters. "I've broken eggs at every stage of the process—from the very beginning to the very ,very end."

But there's an appeal in that vulnerability. "There's part of this sickening horror of knowing you're walking on the edge with this, that I kind of like, knowing that it could all fall apart at any second. "Chast's designs , such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat, reflect that delicateness.

Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The elaborate patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.

"There's an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made, evil will not prevail in the world," says Joan Brander, a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over 60 years, having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.

The tradition, dating back to 300 B. C. ,was later incorporated into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still endure. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.

51. W hy do people in many cultures prize the egg?

A)It is a welcome sign of the coming of spring.

B)It is their major source of protein in winter.

C)It can easily be made into a work of art.

D)It can bring wealth and honor to them.

52. W hat do we learn about the decorated "eggs" in Russia?

A)They are shaped like jewel cases.B)They are cherished by the rich.

C)They are heavily painted in red.D)They are favored as a form of art.

53. W hy have contemporary artists continued the egg art tradition?

A)Eggs serve as an enduring symbol of new life.

B)Eggs have an oval shape appealing to artists.

C)Eggs reflect the anxieties of people today.

D)Eggs provide a unique surface to paint on.

54. W hy does Chast enjoy the process of decorating eggs?

A)She never knows if the egg will break before the design is completed.

B)She can add multiple details to the design to communicate her idea.

C)She always derives great pleasure from designing something new.

D)She is never sure what the final design will look like until the end.

55.What do we learn from the passage about egg-painting?

A)It originated in the eastern part of Europe.

B)It has a history of over two thousand years.

C)It is the most time-honored form of fancy art.

D)It is especially favored as a church decoration.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions : 的r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。珠江三角洲(delta)是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11000平方公里。它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。

2017年06月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）

【答案速在】

选词填空

26 -35 IMNCO JELAG

长篇阅读

36 -45 HKCGP ALEOI

仔细阅读

46 -55 DBCBD ADCAB

2017年06月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）

【真题解析】

Part I Writing

(30 minutes)

【审题分析］

通过审题，得知核心信息是，写一则广告，出售自己的二手电脑。

首段，只需要引入话题，交代有二手电脑出售。

次段，拓展话题，交代具体信息。比如说电脑的品牌，建议就写苹果，或者T hink P ad,因为容易写。再加上一些具体的信息，如果会写得话，不会呢，就写感受，写什么时候购买的，类似的信息，即可。

尾段，欢迎来电来函咨询等。那么就写个人联系方式，电话，微信，邮件之类的。牢记不要透露个人信息。【参考范文］

A gently used Lenovo ThinkPad is waiting for its new owner. 范文译文

Bought just one and a half years ago, the computer is kept in 一部八成新联想T hink P ad笔记本电perfect condition. It has a four-core C P U, an independent display 脑正在等待它的新主人。

card of 2G, a hard disk of 500G, clean and smooth keyboard, and 电脑购于一年半以前，状态完美。拥a screen of 15. 6inches, which makes it quite user-friendly and 有四核主机，2G独立显卡，500G硬盘，洁enables it to run swiftly. What's more, it has been loaded with 净平滑的键盘和15.6时屏，使用便捷，运latest practical software ,which can be of great help for its new 转快速。此外，还配置了最新软件，对新user. In particular, the laptop is fairly light and thin, with the 主人将颇有帮助。特别值得一提的是，这weight of 1. 7kg and the thickness of less than 1. 5cm. You can 部笔记本电脑十分轻、薄，重量仅为1.7公easily pick it to your classroom, your lab and the library. 斤，厚度不到1.5厘米。您可以轻松地将

A discount of 40% is now offered, malcing the price as low 其带至课堂、实验室和图书馆。

as 2700 R MB. A yone interestedmay call 20170600000 or write to 现在有六折优惠，价格低至2700元人1234566@ abc. c om for more details. 民币。感兴趣者可拨打20170600000或写

邮件至1234566@abc. c om询问更多细节。【亮点词汇］

display 显示；炫耀

user-friendly 用户友好的，方便使用的

swiftly 迅速地；敏捷地

laptop 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑

display ** ** *

N-G RA DED可数或不可数名词显示；炫耀H er att e ntion was engaged by the display of the new dress in the ship

windows.

user-friendly * **女女

ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副词修饰的形容词用户友好的，方便使用的The next generation of touch technology, now in development, promises to be even more intuitive and user-friendly.

swift l y *****

ADJ-GRADED能被表示程度的副词修饰的形容词迅速地；敏捷地P eople cou nt on hospitals an d health facilities to respond, swiftly and efficiently, as th e lifeline for survival and the backbone of support.

lapt o p*女女女女

N-GRADED可数名词笔记本电脑，便携式电脑I can go to any of my clients'sites and hook my laptop into their network without changing all sorts of settings.

【经典表达l

*gen tly used八成新的

*be l oade d with…安装有……

*In particular ,…特别值得一提的是，……

*A discount of 40% is now offered现在提供6折优惠

*A nyone interested may call ... or write to ... for more details. 感兴趣者可拨打……或写邮件至……询问更多细节。

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

冈罚旷霄｀

【原文（译）】

The method fo r making beer has changed over time. Hops(啤酒花），for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a (26) recent addition to the beverage. This was frrst mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. N ow, researchers have found a (27) ingredient in residue (残留物）from 5, 000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While excavating two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots , funnels ,amphorae, and stoves. The different shapes of the containers (28) they were used to brew , filter, and store beer. They may be ancient "beer-making tools," and the earliest (29) evidence of beer brewing in China, the resear c hers reported online today in the Proceedi ngs of the National Academy of Sciences. To (30) that hypothesis, the team examined th e yellowish, dried (31) inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80% , were from cereal crops like millet and barley (大麦），and about 10% were bits of roots, (32) lily, which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in western E urasia and didn't become a (33) food in central China until about 2000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they suggest barley may have (34) in the region not as food, but as (35) material for beer brewing.

制造啤酒的方法随着时间的流逝而改变。例如给许多现代啤酒带来苦味的啤酒花，是(26)相当近的时间

才加到了饮品中去的。在九世纪与酿酒相关的史料中首次被提及。现在，研究人员在5000年前的酿酒制品残留物中发现了(27)惊人的成分。在中国中原地区两个考古坑进行挖掘的期间，科学家们发现了来自陶罐、漏斗、双耳陶罐和火炉的陶制碎片。研究者们今天在《美国国家科学院学报》网络版报告中称，容器的不同形状(28)表明它们曾被用来酿造、过滤和储存啤酒，它们可能是古代的“啤酒制作工具”，也是最早的有关中国啤酒酿造的(29)直接证据。为了(30)证实这一假设，团队成员检测了容器内淡黄色、干燥的(31)残留物。其中约80%来自小米和大麦这样的谷类作物，约10%为小块的根茎，(32)包括百合的根茎，科学家们说，它们给啤酒增添了甜味。大麦是一个意外的发现：据研究人员表示，这种农作物在西欧亚大陆被培育出来，直到大约2000年前才成为中国中部地区的(33)主要粮食。根据这一时间点，研究人员表示大麦最初(34)抵达该地区时并非当作食物，而是作为酿造啤酒的(35)愿材料。

26.I) relatively。副词辨析

【语法分析】由空格前为不定冠词a,空格后是形容词recen t,可以判定空格处缺副词用以修饰其后的形容词，所以在D和I里面选择。

【语意分析】前一旬中提到啤酒花给现代啤酒增添了一丝苦味，后面说这一点是在九世纪关于酿造的参考材料中首次被提到，由此可以推出啤酒花的出现年代并不久远，而是相当近的，因此I)re lat ive ly"相对地，相当地”符合旬意。另一个副词e x c l usive ly"专门地，排外地”与此处要表达的”相当地”意思不符合，可以排除。

27M) surprising。形容词辨析

【语法分析】由空格后为名词ingredien t, 前面为不定冠词a,可以判定空格缺形容词来修饰后面的名词。

【语意分析】旬中提到：研究人员在5000年前的啤酒酿造设备的残留物中发现了这一成分，说明该成分还是很令人吃惊的，因此M)su rpri s ing符合旬意。在备选形容词中，曲ec t和ra w不能与ingredien t搭配使用，而s t a pl e与旬意不符，故均排除。

28.N) sugge st。动词辨析

【语法分析】空格前面是名词短语differen t shapes of t he con t ainers"容器的不同形状”，空格后面是一个完整的从旬，由此可以判定空格处缺谓语动词。

【语意分析】空格前面提到“容器的不同形状”，后面提到“它们是被用来酿造、过滤和储存啤酒的＂，由此推断出N)sugges t"表明，暗示“符合旬意，即“不同的形状表明它们有各自的用途”。在备选动词中，consuming和inc l uding为动名词形式，不能作谓语，排除；其他动词arrived,inform, reac h ed, t es t不符合旬意，可以排除。

29C) dire ct。形容词辨析

【语法分析】由空格前为形容词最高级ear l ies t和空格后是名词evidence,可以判定空格处缺形容词与前面的t he ear l ies t一起修饰evidence。

【语意分析】空格所在旬旬意为“这些容器可能就是古代的酿酒工具，这也成为中国古代酿酒最早的证据”。根据旬意可知，容器也是非常直接的证据，故C)direc t"直接的”为正确答案。备选项中其他的形容词ra w, surpri s ing和s t a pl e无法与evidence搭配，故排除。

300) test。动词辨析

【语法分析】空格前面有不定式符号t o,后面是名词短语t ha t hy p o t h esis , 可以判定空格处缺动词原形。

【语意分析】上文中提到了考古研究人员的一些发现，下文中提到团队又对某些物质进行了检验，由此推出研究人员应该是想通过检验来证实这些假设，故O)t es t"证实，测试”符合旬意。在备选动词中in fo rm也

是动词原形，但用在此处与原文旬意不符，故排除。

31.J) rema ins。名词辨析

【语法分析】空格前有形容词yello w is h和dri e d,其后是介词短语i n sid e the v e ss el s ,可以判定空格处缺名词作宾语。

【语意分析】该旬提到这是容器中一种黄色、千燥的物质，再结合备选项可知J)r e mai n s"残留物，遗址”符合句意。而K)r e s o ur ce s"资源”与句意不符，可以排除。

32.E) incl u din g。动词辨析

【语法分析】空格所在句位于由a n d连接的并列旬中，且其前为名词r oot s,其后为名词l i ly'故此处只能填人动词的现在分词或过去分词形式表示从属关系。

【语意分析】句子表达的意思是“约80%为谷物，约10%为植物的根茎”。而“百合”恰好属于根茎类植物，由此推出E)i ncl udi n g"包含”符合旬意。备选项中a rriv e d,con sumi n g和r eache d均与句意不符，可以排除。

33.L) stapl e。形容词辨析

【语法分析】由空格前为不定冠词a和空格后的fo o d为名词，可以判定空格处缺形容词用千修饰其后的名词fo o d。

【语意分析】空格前提到这种农作物是在西欧亚大陆被培育出来的，由此推出并非是当时中国中原地区的主要食物来源，故L)s t a ple"主要的，基本的”符合旬意。备选项中的形容词ra w虽可与fo o d搭配，但与旬意不符，可以排除。

34.A) arri ved。动词辨析

【语法分析】空格位于sugg e s t后的宾语从句中，其前面为助动词ha v e,其后为介词短语i n the r e gi on, 可以判定空格处缺动词的过去分词作从旬的谓语。备选项中动词的过去分词只有arriv e d和reached,而r eache d 不能与后面的介词i n搭配，因此A)a rriv e d为答案。

35.G) raw。形容词辨析

【语法分析】空格前面有介词as,后面有不可数名词m a te ria l,由此可以判定应填入形容词修饰后面的名词m a te ria l。

【语意分析】句中提到大麦最初传入这一地区并不是作为食物，而是作为酿酒的材料，ra w m a te ri al为固定搭配，意为“原材料＂，故G)r aw"生的，未经加工的”为答案。

冈开ffllr,l:J

［原文（译）】

拥有超强记忆之人的福与祸

A ha n d ful of people can reca ll a l m o s t e v e r y d ay of the ir l iv e s i n eno rm o us d et ai l—a n d a fte r year s of r e s earch , ne ur o s c i ent is t s a re fin a lly be gi nn i n g to u n d e rs t a n d ho w they d o i t.

有部分人几乎能回忆起他们生活中每天的大噩细节。经过多年研究之后，神经科学专家终于开始了解他们是怎么做到的。

A) (41) F or most of us , memo is a kind of scra book, a mess of blurred and faded sna shots of our lives. As much as we would like to clin on to our ast, even the most oi nant moments can be washed awa with time.

A) (41)对于大多数人而言记忆就像一本影集充满模糊褪色的生活片段。即使最痛苦的记忆也会随着时间

而消逝尤论我们多想要记住它。

B) A sk Nima Veiseh what he was doing for any day in the past 15 years, however, and he will give you the details of the weather, what he was wearing, or even what side of the train he was sitting on his journey to work. "My memory is like a library of video tapes, walk-throughs of every day of my life from waking to sleeping," he explains.

B)但是如果你问尼玛·维瑟(Nima Veiseh)过去15年中任意一天在做什么，他会告诉你所有细节，从当日天气情况到他的衣着，甚至他去上班时坐在火车的哪一侧等。“我的记忆就像一个存放录影带的图书馆，完全记录我生活的每一个瞬息，从我醒来到入睡，“他解释道。

C) (38) V eiseh can even ut a date on when those ta es started recordin : 15 December 2000, when he met his frrst

让lfriend at his best friend's 16th birthda . He had alwa s had a ood memo , but the thrill of oun love seems to have shifted a ear in his mind: from now on, he would start recordin his whole life in detail. "I could tell you everything about every day after that. "

C)(38)他甚至能说出“录影带“开始运转的时间：那是2000年12月15日，那天他在他最好朋友的16岁生日

宴上见到了初恋女友。他之前记忆力就很好，但年轻爱情的兴奋感还是悄悄拨动了他脑中的某个机关，从那以后，他开始记录一生中的每个细节。“我能告诉你从那之后我每天发生的一切事情。”

D) N eedless to say, people like Veiseh are of great interest to neuroscientists hoping to understand the way the brain records our lives. A couple of recent papers have finally opened a window on these people's extraordinary minds. And such research might even suggest ways for us all to relive our past with greater clarity.

D)神经科学家对像维瑟这样的人的兴趣自不必多说，他们想知道这些人的大脑是如何工作以记录他们生活

的。近来的一些论文巳经揭示了这种非凡能力的冰山一角，这些研究可能也给我们方法来更清楚地重现我们对过去生活的记忆。

E) (43)'Hi hl su erior autobio a hical memo'or H S AM for short first came to li ht in the earl 2000s with a oun woman named J ill P rice. Emailin the neuroscientist and memo researcher J im McGau h one da she claimed that she could recall eve da of her life since the a e of 12. Could he hel ex lain her ex eriences?

E) (43)这种“高度发达的自传性记忆“简称H S AM首次进入公众视界是在二十一世纪初。一天一位叫做吉尔·普莱斯(J ill P ri ce)的年轻女士给神经科学兼记忆研究员吉姆·麦克高夫(J im McGau h)发邮件，询问他是否可以解释她的经历－她可以回忆起12岁以来每一天的生活。

F) M cGaugh invited her to his lab, and began to test her: he would give her a date and ask her to tell him about the world events on that day. True to her word, she was correct almost every time.

F)麦克高夫邀请她来实验室并对她进行了测试：他说出一个H期，让她说出那天发生的世界大事。结果与她说的别无二致，她几乎每次都对了。

G) (39) I t didn't take Ion for ma azines and document film-makers to come to understand her "total recall" and thanks to the subse uent media interest a few dozen other sub·ects includin Veiseh have since come forward and contacted the team at the Universit of California Irvine.

G) (39)没过多久，杂志和纪录片导演便来了解她的“全面回忆”。幸亏这些媒体后续的兴趣，几十个其他的受试者（包括维瑟）自告奋勇与加利福尼亚大学欧文分校的研究团队取得了联系。

H) (36) I nterestin 1 their memories are hi hl self-centred: althou h the can remember "autobio ra hical" life events in extraordin detail ,the seem to be no better than avera e at recallin im ersonal infom皿ion,such as random lists of words. Nor are they necessarily better at remembering a round of drinks, say. And although their memories are vast, they are still likely to suffer from "false memories" .Clearly, there is no such thing as a "perfect" memory—their extraordinary minds are still using the same flawed tools that the rest of us rely on. The question is, how?

H) (36)有趣的是，他们的记忆是高度自我中心化的：尽管他们能够记住“自传式“生活的每一个瞬息，但是对于非个人生活的信息方面似乎不比普通人强比如一系列随机排列的单词。再如，他们不能很好地记住一圈饮料的顺序。尽管这些人的记忆力非常强大，他们仍然很可能会承受“虚假记忆”之苦。很明显，世界上并不存在什么“完美无暇的“回忆，他们非凡的头脑也像我们这些平凡人一样有着瑕疵。问题在于，怎么会这样？

I) (45) L awrence Patihis at the Universit of Southern Mississi i recent! studied around 20 eo le with HSAM and found that the scored articular! hi h on two measures: fantas roneness and abso tion. Fantas roneness could be considered a tendenc to ima ine and da dream, whereas abso tion is the tendenc to allow our mind to become full absorbed in an activit—to a com lete attention to the sensations and the ex eriences. "I'm extremely sensitive to sounds, smells and visual detail, " explains Nicole Donohue, who has taken part in many of these studies. "I definitely feel things more strongly than the average person. "

I) (45)南密西西比大学的劳伦斯·帕特西斯近来研究了约20位拥有HSAM者，发现他们在幻想倾向和专注力两方面得分特别高。幻想倾向可以理解为想象和做自日梦的倾向，而专注力则是使自己的思维全神贯注于某种活动—对感受和经验投入全部的关注的倾向。“我对声音、气味和视觉信息非常敏感，“尼古拉·唐纳休解(Nicole Donohue)释道，他参加了不少这样的研究，“我对事物的感知的确比常人更强烈。”

J) T he absorption helps them to establish strong foundations for recollection, says Patihis, and the fantasy proneness means that they revisit those memories again and again in the coming weeks and months. Each time this initial memory trace is "replayed" ,it becomes even stronger. In some ways, you probably go through that process after a big event like your wedding day—but the difference is that thanks to their other psychological tendencies ,the HSAM subjects are doing it day in, day out, for the whole of their lives.

J)专注力是他们强有力回忆的基础，帕特希斯说，而幻想倾向则使得他们在接下来的几周或几个月反复重现这些记忆。随着初次记忆的一再“播放”，记忆就变得越来越坚固。某种程度上，在某件大事，比如婚礼过后，你也可能会经历这种“重播“过程但不同的是，HSAM者会在一生中的每一天都进行”重播"'这是他们的其他心理倾向造成的。

K) (37)Not eve one with a tendenc to fantasise will develo HSAM, thou h, so Patihis su ests that somethin must have caused them to think so much about their ast. "Maybe some experience in their childhood meant that they became obsessed with calendars and what happened to them, " says Patihis.

K) (37)但是，不是每一个有幻想倾向的人都能发展出“超级自传休记忆"'所以帕特西斯认为一定存在某些东西在触发他们不停回忆过去。”也许他们童年时代的某些经历使得他们着迷于日历和发生在他们身上事情，＂帕特希斯说。

L) (42) The eo le with HS A M I've interviewed would certainl a ree that it can be a mixed blessin . On the plus side, it allows you to relive the most transformative and enriching experiences. Veiseh, for instance, travelled a lot in his youth. In his spare time, he visited the local art galleries, and the paintings are now lodged deep in his autobiographical memories.

L) (42)我采访过的拥有HS A M者们都会赞同这种能力福祸相依。好的方面是它可以给人最具变化及最丰富完整的经历。比如维瑟，他年轻的时候去了很多地方旅游。空闲时间就去参观当地美术馆，有关那些画的记忆已经深深扎根于他的自传式回忆中。

M) "Imagine being able to remember every painting, on every wall, in every gallery space, between nearly 40 countries," he says. "That's a big education in art by itself. "With this comprehensive knowledge of the history of art ,he has since become a professional painter.

M)他说：＂想象一下能够记起将近四十个国家的每一个人美术馆中的每一面墙上的每一幅画，这本身就是宏伟的艺术教育。”因他对艺术史如此渊搏学识，他成为了一名专业画家。

N) Donohue, now a history teacher, agrees that it helped during certain parts of her education: "I can definitely remember what I learned on certain days at school. I could imagine what the teacher was saying or what it looked like in the book. "

N)唐纳休现在是一名历史教师，她认可HS A M对她的教育事业特定方面的帮助：＂我能清楚记得在学校学到的东西。我能想象老师说的话，以及书本上看起来是什么样。”

0) (44) N ot eve one with HS A M has ex erienced these benefits, however. Viewin the ast in hi h definition can

make it very difficult to get over pain and regret. "It can be very hard to forget embarrassing moments, "says Donohue. "You feel the same emotions—it is just as raw, just as fresh…You can't tum off that stream of memories, no matter how hard you try." Veiseh agrees. "It is like having these open wounds—they are just a part of you, "he says.

0)(44)但不是每一个有HS A M能力的人都能体会它的好处。对过去记得太清楚也不利于从痛苦和遗撼中解

脱出来。“很难忘记那些尴尬的瞬间，“唐纳休说，“你会像第一次一样体会那些鲜活的感情……你尤法关掉回忆的闸门，尤论你多么努力去尝试。“维瑟表示同意并说道：”就像永远尤法愈合的伤口，它们已经成为你的一部分。”

P) (40) T his means the often have to make a s ecial effort to la the ast to rest. Bill, for instance, often gets painful "flashbacks" ,in which unwanted memories intrude into his consciousness, but overall he has chosen to see it as the best way of avoiding repeating the same mistakes. " o me people are absorbed in the past but not open to new memories, but that's not the case for me. I look forward to each day and experiencing something new. "

P)(40)这意味着他们要放下回忆就不得不付出额外努力。例如，比尔就常常遭遇痛苦“闪回＂，不想要的回忆入侵他的意识，不过总体上他选择视其为避免犯同样错误的最佳方法。“有些人沉浸于过去而不愿意开启新的记忆，但我不会这样，我专注于当下并且期盼体验新鲜事物。”

36. People with HS A M have the same memory as ordinary people when it comes to impersonal information.

【译文】当涉及到个人信息时，拥有HS A M者和普通人有着相同的记忆水平。

【定位】定位巾题千中的memory和impersonal in f ormation定位到原文H)段划线部分。

【详解】定位句说明了拥有HS A M者的记忆特征是高度自我中心化的：虽然他们能够非常详细地记住“自

传式”的生活事件，但是在记忆非个人信息方面，比如说一系列随机排列的单词，他们表现的并不比

普通人强。题干中的have the same memory as ordinary people是对原文中定位句seem to be no

better than average的同义转述，故答案为H)。

37.F antasy proneness will not necessarily cause people to develop HS A M.

【译文】幻想倾向者不一定能使人具有“超级自传式记忆”的能力。

【定位】巾题干中的F antasy和develop HS A M定位到原文K)段划线部分。

【详解】定位句提到，不是每一个具有幻想倾向的人都具有“超级自传体记忆”的潜能。题干中的F antasy proneness对应原文定位句中的a tendency to fantasise; not necessarily对应原文定位句中的Not

eve ryone, 故答案为K)。

38.V eiseh began to remember the details of his everyday experiences after he met his first young love.

【译文】维瑟开始能记住自己每天的生活细节，自从遇到他少年时的初恋之后。

【定位】由题干中的V eiseh和first young love定位到原文C)段。

【详解】C)段主要介绍了维瑟的超强记忆开始启动的经历：在最好朋友的生日晚会上遇到自己的初恋后，维瑟开始能记住生活中的每个细节，题干是对C)段的总结，故答案为C)。

39.M any more people with HS A M started to contact researchers due to the mass media.

【译文】由于大众传媒促使更多拥有HS A M的人开始和研究者取得了联系。

【定位】由题千中的contact,due to和media定位到原文G)段。

【详解】由G)段可知，得益于这些媒体后续的兴趣，几十个其他的受试者（包括维瑟）都自告奋勇与加利福尼亚大学欧文分校的研究团队取得了联系。题干中的due to the mass media是对G)段thanks to

thesubsequent media interest的同义转述；researchers对应定位句中的the team, 故答案为G)。

40. P eople with HS A M often have to make efforts to avoid focusing on the past.

【译文】拥有HS A M者常常必须努力避免专注于过去。

【定位】由题干中的have to make ef fo rts和the past定位到原文P)段划线部分。

【详解】定位句提到，这意味着他们要放下过去就常常不得不付出额外的努力。根据上下文可知，they指的就是题干中的P eople with HS A M。题干中的avoid focusing on the past是对定位句中lay the past

to rest的同义转述，为故答案为P)。

41.M ost people do not have clear memories of past events.

【译文】大多数人对过去发生的事件没有清晰的记忆。

【定位】由题干中的M ost people, memories和past定位到原文A)段。

【详解】定位段指出，对于大多数人而言，记忆就像一本影集，充满模糊褪色的生活片段即使最痛苦的记忆也会随着时间而消逝，无论我们多想要记住它。也就是说，大部分人对过去发生的事件没有清晰

的记忆。题干是对定位段的概括，故答案为A)。

42.HS A M can be both a curse and a blessing.

【译文】HS A M是福也是祸。

【定位】由题干中的HS A M和blessing定位到原文L)段划线部分。

【详解】定位句提出了文章主题：拥有HS A M的人福祸相依。下文分别举例解释福和祸的具体内容。题干中的both a curse and a blessing是对定位句中a mixed blessing的同义转述，故答案为L)。

43.A young woman sought explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory.

【译文】当一位年轻的女士注意到自己不同寻常的记忆力时，她曾向一位大脑科学家寻求解释。

【定位】由题干中的A young woman, explanation和brain scientist定位到原文E)段。

【详解】定位段提到，一位名叫吉尔·普莱斯的年轻女士给神经科学兼记忆研究员吉姆·麦克高夫发邮件，说她可以回忆起12岁以来每一天的生活。询问麦克高夫能否帮助解释她的经历呢。题干中

的her unusual memory是对定位段中she could recall every day of her life since the age of 12的概

括。整个题干是对定位段的概括归纳，故答案为E)。

44.S ome people with H SAM fi nd it very hard to get rid of unpleasa t memories.

【译文l一些拥有HSAM的人发现很难摆脱掉不开心的记忆。

【定位】由题干中的HSAM和fi nd it very hard定位到原文0)段划线部分。

【详解l定位句提到，不是每一个拥有HSAM能力的人都能体会这些好处。对过去记得太清楚就会很难从痛苦和遗憾中解脱出来。题干中的get rid of unpleasa t memories对应定位句中的get over pain and

reg re t。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为O)。

45.A recent study of people with H SAM reveals that they are liable to fantasy and full absorption in an activity.

【译文l近期一项对拥有HSAM者的研究表明：他们倾向于幻想，但在活动中倾向于全神贯注。

【定位l由题干中的fan tasy, abso rp tion和in a n activity定位到原文I)段划线部分。

【详解】定位句指出，南密西西比大学的劳伦斯·帕特西斯近来研究了约20位拥有HSAM者，发现他们在幻想倾向和专注力两方面得分特别高。幻想倾向可以理解为想象和做白日梦的倾向，而专注力则

是使自己的思维全神贯注于某种活动的倾向。题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为I)。

冈开mffli.l

Passage One

【原文（译）】

(46-1) T he hrase almost com letes itself: midlife crisis. It's the sta e in the middle of the·ourne when eo le feel outh vanishin , their ros ects narrowin and death a roachin .

(46-1)"中年危机”这个短语儿近完美地诠释了它自身。它是旅途的中间阶段人们感到青春正在消逝未来的前景越来越暗淡死亡即将来临。

(46-2) T here's onl one roblem with the cliche (套话）. It isn't true.

(46-2)这个老生常谈的说法只有一个问题那就是它并不是真实的。

" In fact, there is almost no hard evidence for midlife crisis other than a few small pilot studies conducted decades ago, "Barbara H agerty writes in her new book, Life Reimagined. The bulk of the research shows that there may be a pause, or a shifting of gears in the 40s or 50s, but this shift "can be exciting, rather than terrifying. "

芭芭拉·哈格蒂在她的新书《重新构想生活》中写道：”事实上，除了几十年前进行的几个小的实验性研究外，几乎没有确凿的证据证明中年危机的存在”。大部分实验表明人在四五十岁时可能会有一个暂停，或者换挡，但是这种转换将“会让人感到兴奋而并非恐惧”。

(4 7) B arbar a H a ert looks at some of the features of eo le who turn midlife into a rebirth. They break

routines, because "autopilot is death. " They choose purpose over happiness—having a clear sense of purpose even reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease. They give priority to relationships, as careers often recede (逐渐淡化）．

(47)芭芭拉·哈格蒂对人们在中年重获新生的一些特征进行了研究。他们打破常规，因为“机械性地走下去就是死亡了”。与幸福相比，他们更愿意选择目标有清晰的目标甚至可以降低患阿尔茨海默病的风险。他们认为到了这个年纪，事业逐渐淡化，他们更看蜇与他人的关系。

(48) Li e Reima ined aints a icture of middle a e that is far from loom . Midlife seems like the second bi hase of decision-makin . Your identit has been formed·ou've built u our resources·and now ou have the chance to take the bi risks recisel because our foundation is alread secure.

(48)《重新构想生活》描绘的中年并不令人沮丧。中年就像是生命中第二个决定的阶段。你的个性巳经形成·你已经积累了足够的资源·并且现在有机会承担更大的风险因为你已经为此打下了牢固的根基。

Karl Barth described midlife precisely this way. At middle age, he wrote, "the sowing is behind; now is the time to reap. The run has been taken; now is the time to leap. Preparation has been made; now is the time for the venture of the work itself. "

卡尔·巴特曾精准地描述了中年生活。人到中年，他写道，“种子已经播好，现在是收获的季节。助跑已经完成，现在是起跳的时刻。万事俱备，现在是将事业做得风生水起的时候。”

(49)The middle-a ed erson, Barth continued, can see death in the distance, but moves with a" m easured haste" to et bi new thin s done while there is still time.

(49)中年人，巴特继续写道，可以遥望远处的死亡，但是他们趁还有大好时光，以“慎重而缓慢的节奏“去完成那些远大而新生的事业。

(50-1) What Barth wrote decades ago is even truer today. People are healthy and energetic longer. We have presidential candidates running for their first term in office at age 68, 69 and 74. A longer lifespan is changing the narrative structure of life itself. (50-2) What could have been considered the be innin of a descent is now a otential tu血n oint—the turnin oint ou are most e ui ed to take full advanta e of.

(50-1)几十年前巴特所写的内容在今天看来更为真实。人们更健康也更精力充沛。我们的总统候选人在参加他们的第一轮竞选时分别是68,69和74岁。更长的寿命正在改变生命本身的叙事模式。(50-2)曾被认为是下坡路开始的时刻现在则是充满潜力的转折点一－个你全副武装要好好去利用的转折点。

46.What does the author think of the phrase " m idlife crisis" ?

作者如何看待”中年危机”这个词语？

A)It has led to a lot of debate.

B)It is widely acknowledged.

C)It is no longer fashionable.

D)It misrepresents real life.

【答案】D

【定位】由题干中的the p hr ase " m idlife crisis"定位到首段The phrase almost completes itself: midlife crisis.

It's the stage in the middle of the journey when people feel youth vanishing, their prospects narrowing

and death approaching. 和第二段：There's only one problem with the cliche. It isn't true.

【详解】推理判断题。第一段指出“中年危机”这个短语几近完美地诠释了它自身。在旅途中段，人们感到青春消逝，未来暗淡。笫二段讲述了这个老生常谈的话题只有一个问题，那就是它不是真实的。

由此推出作者认为它错误地阐述了真实的人生，故答案为D)。

【干扰项】A)"它引起了大最的争论，文中并没有提到，故排除；B)"它巳被大众认可”，本文主要针对“中年危机”这一概念做出了讨论，并未提及这一术语本身是否被认可，故排除；C)"它已不再流

行”，文中提到人们对这一时期的感受，说明这一概念并未过时，故排除。

47.How does Barbara Hagerty view midlife?

芭芭拉·哈格蒂如何看待中年生活？

A) It may be the beginning of a crisis.

B) It can be a new phase of one's life.

C) It can be terrifying for the unprepared.

D) It may see old-age diseases approaching.

【答案】B

【定位】巾题千中的view midlife定位到第四段第一旬：Barbara Hagerty looks at some of the features of people who turn midlife into a rebirth.

【详解】事实细节题。第四段笫一句表达的是芭芭拉·哈格蒂对那些在中年时期重荻新生的人们所共有的一些特征进行了研究。由此可见，在她看来，中年生活是重新开始人生的好时机，故答案为B)。

【干扰项】A)"它或许是危机的开始”，文中并没有提到，故排除；C)"对于没有准备好的人来说它是很可怕的"'第三段最后一句话提到，她认为这种转变将是非常令人兴奋的，而非可怕的，故排除；D)

“中年预示着那些满身病痛的老年时代即将来临＂，作者在文章首段中确实提到了这一点，但是

紧随其后作者就表达了自己的观点”这并不是真的＂，故排除。

48.How is midlife pictured in the book Lif e Reimagined?

《重新构想生活》是如何描绘中年生活的？

A) It can be quite rosy.

B) It can be burdensome.

C) It undergoes radical transformation.

D) It makes for the best part of one's life.

【答案】C

【定位】由题千中的midlife pictured和Life Reimagined定位到第五段：Life Reimagined paints a picture of middle age that is far from gloomy. Midlife seems like the second big phase of decision-making. Your

identity has been formed; you've built up your resources ; and now you have the chance to take the big

risks precisely because your foundation is already secure.

【详解】推理判断题。定位段主要写了《重新构想生活》描绘的中年并不令人沮丧。中年就像是生命中第二个决定的阶段。你的个性已经形成；你已经积累了足够的资源；并且现在有机会承担更大的风

险，因为你已经为此打下了牢固的根基。此外，第三段最后一句：大量研究表明，四五十岁时，可能

会出现停滞或转变，但这种转变是振奋人心的，而不是令人恐慌的，故选C)"它经历了巨大的改

变”。

【干扰项】A)"它可能是相当美好的＂，文中只是提到中年生活将是一个重生，是一个设定更清晰目标的阶段，至于中年生活是否非常美好并未提及，故排除；B)"它充满了负担＂，文中并没有提到，故排

除；D)"它使你的生活成为最好的一部分”，同选项A)生活好不好作者未提及，故排除。

49.According to Karl Barth , midlife is the time

根据卡尔·巴特的观点，中年是一段什么的时间？

A)to relax C)to harvest 【答案】B B)to mature D) to reflect

【定位】由题干中的Kar l Bart h和midlife is the time定位到文章第七段。

【详解】推理判断题。定位段提到，巴特认为人到中年，可以遥望到远处的死亡但是他们仍会在大好时光里以“慎重而缓慢的节奏“去完成那些远大而新生的事业。由此可以推断出：在卡尔·巴特眼中，

中年时代是更”成熟的“面对生活故答案为B)。

【干扰项】A)"放松”未在文中提及，故排除；C)"收获“只是在第六段中卡尔·巴特描写中年生活的一个表象，并非重点表达的主题故排除；D)"反思“未在文中提及，故排除。

50.What does the author say about midlife today?

作者对于如今的中年生活是如何表述的？

A)It is more meaningful than other stages of life.

B)It is likely to change the narrative of one's life.

C)It is more important to those with a longer lifespan.

D)It is likely to be a critical turning point in one's life.

【答案】D

【定位】由题干中的midlife today定位到第八段第一句：What B arth wrote decades ago is even truer today和最后一旬：What could have been considered the beginning of a descent is now a potential turning

point—the turning point you are most equipped to take full advantage of.

【详解】推理判断题。在这两句中作者提到，几十年前巴特所写的内容在今天看来更为真实。而曾被认为是下坡路开始的时刻现在则是充满潜力的转折点。由此可知如今的中年生活是生命当中一个关

键的转折点故答案为D)。

【干扰项]A)"它比生命中的其他阶段更有意义”文中没有对生命中的各个阶段进行比较，故排除；B)"它会改变生活的叙述模式”根据最后一段第三句可知，改变这一模式的并非中年时期而是人们

更长的寿命故排除；C)"对千寿命更长的人来说中年时期更为重要”与原文意思不符，故排除。Passage Two

【原文（译）】

(51) I n s rin , chickens start la in a ain, brin in a welcome source of rotein at winter's end. So it's no s rise that cultures around the world celebrate s rin b honorin the e .

(51)春天来了母鸡们又开始下蛋了，这些鸡蛋在冬天结束时为我们提供源源不断的蛋白质。毫无疑问在全世界文化中人们都愿意通过赞扬鸡蛋来欢庆春天的到来。

Some traditions are simple, like the red eggs that get baked into Greek Easter breads. (52) Others elevate the e into a fanc art like the heavil·ewel-covered "e s" that were favored b the Russians startin in the 19th century.

有些传统很简单，例如把红皮鸡蛋拿来烤希腊复活节面包。(52)在其他习俗中，人们把鸡蛋上升到华丽的艺术层面。例如19世纪起俄罗斯人志欢用珠宝来装饰鸡蛋。

One ancient form of egg art comes to us fr o m Ukraine. For centuries, Ukrainians have been drawing complicated patt e rns on eggs. (53) C ontem or artists have followed this tradition to create e s that s eak to the

anxieties of our a e: Life is recious, and delicate. E s are, too.

有一种古老的鸡蛋艺术形式来自乌克兰。几个世纪以来，乌克兰人一直在鸡蛋上描绘出复杂的图案。

(53)当代的艺术家们纷纷追随这一传统通过彩蛋艺术向我们诉说着这个时代的焦虑：生命珍贵且脆弱鸡蛋也是如此。

"There's something about their delicate nature that appeals to me," says New Yorker cartoonist Roz Chast. Several years ago ,she became interested in eggs and learned the traditional Ukrainian technique to draw her very modem characters. " I've broken eggs at every stage of the process—from the very beginning to the very , very end."

“正是它们脆弱的本性吸引了我"'《纽约客》动漫画家罗兹·查斯特说。数年前，她开始对绘制鸡蛋感兴趣，并且学会了用传统的乌克兰技法来画现代人物形象。“从开始制作到最终完成，这个过程的每个阶段我都会打碎鸡蛋。”

(54)But there's an a eal in that vulnerabilit . "There's art of this sickenin horror of knowin ou're walkin on the ed e with this ,that I kind of like ,knowin that it could all fall a art at an second. "Chast's designs, such as a worried man alone in a tiny rowboat, reflect that delicateness.

(54)然而，在这种脆弱中存在着一种吸引力。“知道你随时处在危险的边缘，知道鸡蛋可能随时碎掉，从某种程度上说我甚至喜欢这种令人厌恶的恐慌。”在查斯特的设计中，有一位面色忧虑的人独自坐在一艘小船上，就恰好反映了这种脆弱。

Traditional Ukrainian decorated eggs also spoke to those fears. The elaborate patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.

乌克兰人传统的彩蛋绘制也表达了这种恐惧。人们认为这些精美的图案可以保护他们战胜恶魔。

"There's an ancient legend that as long as these eggs are made, evil will not prevail in the world," says Joan Brander, a Canadian egg-painter who has been painting eggs for over 60 years, having learned the art from her Ukrainian relatives.

“有一个古老的传说：只要一直制作彩蛋，恶魔将不会在世上横行作乱，“加拿大的彩蛋绘制师琼·布兰德说道。从乌克兰亲戚那儿学到这门艺术起她已经画了60多年了。

(55)The tradition, datin back to 300 B. C. ,was later inco orated into the Christian church. The old symbols, however, still endure. A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children. A decorated egg thrown into the field would be a wish for a good harvest.

(55)这一传统可以追溯到公元前300年，后来被融入基督教文化中。然而，这些古老的象征仍然在H常生活中存在着。送给新婚夫妇的彩蛋上画上了小鸟，寓意早生贵子；把彩蛋扔到田地里则是祈愿会有一个好收成。

51.Why do people in many cultures prize the egg?

A)It is a welcome sign of the coming of spring.

B)It is their major source of protein in winter.

C)It can easily be made into a work of art.

D)It can bring wealth and honor to them.

【答案】A

【定位】巾题千中的prize the egg定位到第一段：In spring ,chickens start laying again ,bringing a welcome source

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2017年大学英语四级真题试卷及答案

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案 (第一套) Part I Writing (25 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, condition and price, and your contact information.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 2 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1.A) The man in the car was absent-minded. B) The test driver made a wrong judgement. C) The self-driving system was faulty. D) The car was moving at a fast speed. 2. A) They have done better than conventional cars. B) They have caused several severe crashes. C) They have posed a threat to other drivers. D) They have generally done quite well. Questions 3 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 3. A) He works at a national park.

英语四级翻译真题及范文答案(2017-12)

2013年12月大学英语四级考试翻译题目 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill bu t also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Alth ough cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Sinc e food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between ce real, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Informati on Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this ph enomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for s tudents should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a nee d, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Inf ormation Technology aroused public concern. "你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 "Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coff ee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discove red by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease . During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drin king spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it s pread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chine se tradition and culture. 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里意味着爱情，婚姻和团聚,中国结常常作为礼物交换或

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Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section,you will hear three news the end of each news report,you will hear two or three the news report and the questions will be spoken only you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A)By taking pictures for passers-by. C)By selling lemonade and pictures. B)By working part time at a hospital. D)By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A)They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B)They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C)They are only about half an inch thick. D)They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.

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2017年6月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(第2套)

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2017年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全)

2017年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全)

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20XX年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) It tries to entertain its audience. C) It wants to catch people’s attention. B) It tries to look into the distance. D) It has got one of its limbs injured. 2. A) It was spotted by animal protection officials. B) It was filmed by a local television reporter. C) Its videos were posted on social media. D) Its picture won a photography prize. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) The distance travelled C) The spending on gas. B) The incidence of road accidents. D) The number of people travelling. 4. A) Fewer people are commuting. C) Job growth is slowing down. B) Gas consumption is soaring. D) Rush-hour traffic is worsening. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) He told a stranger the sad story about himself.

(完整版)大学英语四级真题解析【2017年6月版】

大学英语四级真题解析【2017年6月版】 新东方在线四六级赵奇 亲爱的同学们，大家好，非常荣幸给大家讲解我们四级的真题，我是四级翻译的主讲老师。今年四级翻译依然延续了往年的方式，从2016年开始，考的主题基本是同质性的。2016年12月份考三篇文章关于红色、黄色、白色，今年的主题也是一样的，考的长江、珠江和黄河，我们可以预测以后的四级翻译都是统一题材下三个不同的主体，这样有利于考试的公平。 下面主要对今年的四级翻译真题进行解析，包括一些长短句的解析和难词的解析，最后我们把答案给大家呈现出来，大家可以看一下。我们四级翻译的解析讲两方面的内容，第一是真题总评，第二是对第一、二、三套真题的解析。 首先，真题总评 2017年4月份的真题总评是2016年12月份的延续。2016年是红色、白色和黄色，2017年是珠江、长江和黄河，范文字数提高到了110-120左右。难度和范文字数都增加了，难度高于2016年真题，2016年12月份真题是放水之年，今年是平稳的态势。 第三是和考试相关的内容，大家考四级翻译的时候应该注意什么？我们发现今年介词短语的形式做后置定语和做状语是大量考查的。时态方面也有大量的考查，有过去时和现在完成时，大家备考的时候要注意时态。我们发现今年有一个新的课程，主题词汇，四级翻译出题不是随便出的，是根据历史文化经济发展来出的，以往的重要性凸显的不是很明显，今年考试中大量考查主题词汇，我估计很多同学写长江、珠江和黄河都会写错，但单词错了也只是扣一次的分数。 其次，逐篇讲解真题 第一篇文章，很多同学看到珠江是蒙的状态，长江黄河不会说，珠怎么说？珍珠不知道怎么

写。同学们，加勒比海盗5里提到的船叫Black Pearl，pearl就是珍珠的意思，所以珠江就是Pearl River。有的人说不会写，你会写汉语拼音吗？后面可以加一个River就可以了。如果丢了river怎么办？这是单词写作的错误，不会影响整体翻译的大局，只扣一次的分数。或者写一次珠江，后面用it来替代，翻译的时候要灵活应用。 接着我们进行翻译里边的难词解析，这里边应该有四个比较把握不准的单词，第一是珠江流经广州市，流经用flow through，我写了flow accross可不可以？flow accross也是可以的。有同学说不会写flow，写了run也是可以的，还有同学说run也不会写，写go through 可以吗？这个是经历了什么事情，不是流经了，所以是不可以的。第二个单词是城市聚集区，urban agglomeration，这个词既不是四级也不是六级，我个人认为这个词有点超纲，有的同学不会写agglomeration，这没有什么实质影响，可以进行同义词或近义词替换。我们在翻译的时候有很多不认识的词语怎么办？可以使用它的同义词或近义词。聚集区不会说，可以用地区area替换，城市聚集区，不会写agglomeration，可以写成area。第三个单词是改革开放。不会写这个单词的同学要反思一下自己，但凡上过我们新东方课的同学知道，改革开放一定是讲过的。改革reform，开放opening up，改革开放就是the reform and opening up。制造中心是manufacturing center，很多同学不会写manufacturing，不会写就变成工业中心，因为制造肯定属于工业，制造中心翻译成industrial center也可以，依据同近词替换法，翻译主要忠于原文，制造中心翻译成工业中心industrial center也是可以的。 下面给大家解析一下两个比较复杂的句子。 第一个句子：珠江是河南一大河流，流经广州市，是中国第三场河流，仅次于长江和黄河。为什么把这句挑出来解析？大家发现这句非常奇特，在中国看来这句话没有任何问题，但是翻译成英文有三个逗号，这就犯了语法的错误。大家知道，英文一个句子有一个主谓结