Unit 11 Famous People

Unit 11 Famous People

Part A

Listening Strategy

Identifying the Speaker’s Attitude

As was said in the previous lesson, a speaker’s attitude or opinion towards what he / she is discussing often has to be inferred. We need to rely on information embedded in his / her choice of details, use of language, intonation, etc. to find out what the speaker’s attitude is towards his / her subject matter, or whether his / her opinion of the character depicted is favorable or not.

Now you are going to hear three short passages. Choose one or two words from the following box to describe the speaker’s attitude towards the character discussed in each passage.

1. What is the speaker’s attitude towards Napoleon?

Neutral. (The speaker mainly gives a factual account of Napoleon’s life even t hough he holds that Napoleon waged wars against many countries.)

2. What is the speaker’s attitude towards Tom Cruise?

Positive. (“Wo rld renowned actor”, “almost everyone respects him” and “international star” show the speaker’s attitude.)

3. What is the speaker’s attitude towards Warren Edward Buffett?

Positive, respectful. (In “regarded as one of the world’s greatest stock market investors”,the choice of the word “great” indicates the speaker’s attitude.)

Script:

1. Napoleon was many things but he was, first of all, remembered as a military leader. Rising from an artillery officer to the commander of the French army, he waged war after war against neighboring countries. In 1804, he declared himself emperor and became the most powerful man in the world. At one time he controlled most of Europe. But Napoleon’s power was short-lived. His defeat came when he decided to attack Russia. Soon the whole of Europe rose against him, eventually forcing him to give up his throne. In 1821, he died alone on the small island of St. Helena.

2. Tom Cruise has always represented cool, but somehow over the last couple of years, he has gone from just another Hollywood pretty boy to a certified world-renowned actor. It seems that everything he touches turns to gold. Not everyone likes him, but at least now almost everyone respects him. His movies make millions; he is an international star — men envy him, and women love him.

3. Warren Edward Buffett is an American investor, businessman and philanthropist. He is

regarded as one of the world’s greatest stock market investors, and is the largest shareholder and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. With an estimated net worth of around US$62 billion, he was ranked by Forbes as the richest person in the world as of February 11, 2008.

Pre-listening Task

Questions for Discussion

You are going to talk about famous people. Read the following questions and discuss them with your partner.

1. Can you name some famous people you know about?

2. Who impresses you most? Why?

3. Do you want to be famous? Why or why not?

4. Do you know anything about Alan Greenspan?

Demo:

3. Do you want to be famous? Why or why not?

Positive answer:

People say that fame and fortune (名利) are what almost everybody wants in life. If that’s true, then I am no exception. I have my own ambitions and longing for success. I want to do something useful to the society and contribute to the progress of humanity. I want people to know about my contributions and my name. I think being famous would bring me a fortune and happiness as well.

Negative answer:

Being famous may not bring happiness to a person. Along with fortune, it may also bring jealousy or hatred. What’s more, famous people have less privacy. So I am not particularly interested in becoming famous. What I want to do is something that will be useful to humanity as well as meaningful to myself. If I have done a good job, I hope people would recognize my achievement. If I become a little famous in the process, that’s fine. It doesn’t hurt. If people don’t know what I’m doing, I won’t be frustrated, either. Because fame will never be the ultimate goal in my life.

Language Focus

Here are some sentences and structures that you might find useful in discussing the above questions.

●I’ve read a biography of ... and I’m deeply impressed by his / her talent in ...

●I admire them for their perseverance in / devotion to the pursuit of truth / knowledge / world

peace / their dreams.

●I respect them for their contribution to humanity / science / education / medicine.

●I respect them for their contribution to the fight against war / poverty / injustice / racial

discrimination / terrorism.

●I look up to them for their devotion to the cause of peace / space exploration / sports / public

health.

●His / Her most impressive accomplishment is ...

●He / She invented …/ discovered …/ founded …/ wrote …/ organized ... / made a

breakthrough in ... / broke the world record in ... / successfully played the part of ...

●I’m a film / football fan. I especially like the film star ... / the football player ... and I know all

about him / her.

●Celebrities / High-profile people / Famous actors and actresses / Pop singers usually get a lot

of media attention / have no privacy.

●I’m a very private person/ I cherish my privacy. I don’t think I’d like to be in the spotlight.

●As the old saying goes, “It’s bad for a man to become famous and for a pig to grow fat.”

●I think being famous is good.

●All doors are open to famous people.

●Famous people can get access to almost everything and everywhere.

●I’ve heard of Greenspan, but know very little about him.

●Greenspan was Chairman of the U.S. Reserve Board for nearly two decades, from 1987 to

2006.

●Greenspan was the man who usually announced interest rate cuts, wasn’t he?

●Greenspan is an American economist. When he served as Chairman of the Federal Reserve

Board, what he said and did unavoidably affected the American economy as well as the world economy. But even Greenspan couldn’t save the American economy from recession.

Listening Tasks

A Musician-turned Economist

Word Bank

stockbroker n. someone whose job is buying and selling stocks and shares for other people 证券和股票经纪人

retailing n. selling goods direct to customers, usu. in small quantities 零售业

digit n. any of the numbers from 0 to 9 （从0到9的任何一个）数字

develop v. to start to have 产生

appreciation n. comprehension, clear perception 鉴赏力

consulting a. providing specialist or professional advice 承接咨询业务的

chief n. head, leader, director, chairman 首领，领袖，长官

drive v. to provide the power for 驱动，推动

musician-turned economist a musician who has now become an economist 乐师出身

的经济学家

Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备委员会

run low to run short将耗尽，几乎用光

withdraw from ... t o drop out of ... 离开……，退出……

New York University’s School of Commerce 纽约大学商学院

NYU New York University 纽约大学

Wall Street 华尔街

Script

Alan Greenspan, who served as Chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board for about two decades from 1987 to 2006, was regarded in those days as one of the most important men by many people in the world.

Greenspan was born on March 6, 1926. His father was a stockbroker and his mother worked in retailing. When he was four years old, his parents divorced and he was raised by his mother in New York.

Young Alan was a shy boy but he was very good at large numbers. When he was only five, his mother would get him to add two three-digit numbers in his head.

He loved baseball and tennis. And, like his mother, he developed a deep appreciation for music. In the mid-1940s he studied briefly at a music school in New York, and then toured the country for a year with a music band. Then he entered New York University’s School of Commerce and graduated with a degree in economics. He got a Master’s degree at NYU in 1949, and shifted to Columbia University to work on his PhD. When his money ran low, he withdrew from graduate school and went to work for the National Industrial Conference Board. He eventually earned a PhD from NYU in 1977.

In the mid-1950s Greenspan opened an economic consulting company. In 1987 he began to work in the Federal Government. His work as Chief of Federal Reserve Board was much the same as the work he did on Wall Street, trying to understand how the economy worked and what drove it, offering suggestions for improvement. He was, however, making less money.

Language and Culture Notes

1. Background information

Alan Greenspan (born March 6, 1926 in New York City) is an American economist and from 1987 to 2006 was Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve of the United States. He currently works as a private advisor, making speeches and providing consulting for firms through his company, Greenspan Associates LLC.

First appointed Fed chairman by President Regan in August 1987, he stayed through four presidencies from Ronald Regan to George W Bush. He retired on January 31, 2006, and was succeeded by Ben Bernanke, an economist from Princeton University.

As chairman, Greenspan was largely responsible for directing U.S. national monetary policy. He was often praised for keeping inflation at very low levels, and was sometimes criticized for the boom-and-bust nature of the economy in the so-called “dot-com”era of the 1990s. Greenspan was considered to be the leading authority on American domestic economic and monetary policy, and his active influence continues to this day.

2. the Federal Reserve Board

a committee of seven governors appointed by the American President to supervise the Federal Reserve System, which is best known to the public for its influence on the interest rates by raising or cutting the amount of money available at any one time in the American financial system.

3. the National Industrial Conference Board

Now called the Conference Board, it is a nonprofit research institution with headquarters in New York and Montreal. It was founded in 1916. It studies business economics and corporate administration and management.

4. Wall Street

Located in lower Manhattan, New York, it is the site of major U.S. stock exchanges and financial institutions, and has been a synonym for U.S. financial interests.

Exercise 1

Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions.

1. How long has Greenspan been Chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve Board according to the passage?

a. Almost 20 years.

b. 12 years.

c. 5 years.

d. 4 years.

2. What do you know about his parents?

a. They were poor.

b. They divorced.

c. They deserted him.

d. They moved to New York.

3. What was young Greenspan fond of?

a. Baseball and basketball.

b. Tennis and baseball.

c. Movies and tennis.

d. Sports and music.

4. Which of the following does the passage imply?

a. It is a pity that Greenspan has given up his career as a musician.

b. Greenspan as Chief of Federal Reserve Board could do whatever he liked to do.

c. Greenspan’s income was higher when he worked on Wall Street.

d. Greenspan wasn’t very good at his studies since he earned his PhD at the age of 51.

5. Which of the following describes the speaker’s attitude towards Greenspan?

a. Positive.

b. Neutral.

c. Negative.

d. Critical.

Exercise 2

Listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks in the following chart with the missing information.

Speaking Tasks

Listen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.

Conversation 1

A: Have you read anything interesting recently?

B: Yes, an article about an architect.

A: An architect? Who?

B: Bei Yuming.

A: Oh, I’ve heard of him. He is a Chinese American.

B: Quite right. He was born in 1917 in Guangzhou.

A: Where did he go to school?

B: He graduated from a middle school in Shanghai, then went to study at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the USA and in 1940 got a BA in architecture. Then in 1946 he earned an MA in architecture from Harvard University.

A: I hear he is world-famous.

B: Yes. In many parts of the world, there are buildings designed by him. The Fragrant Hill Hotel in Beijing is one of them.

Conversation 2

A: Who’s that man in the picture?

B: Don’t you know? Well, I’m not going to tell you, but you may ask me five questions to work out who he was.

A: That sounds fun! You said “was”. Do you mean he is no longer alive?

B: Yes. That’s Question 1.

A: OK. What was his nationality?

B: British.

A: When was he born and when did he die?

B: That’s two questions.

A: Oh, come on.

B: All right. He was born in 1940 and died in 1980. Two more questions left.

A: What did he do?

B: A singer and songwriter.

A: What were his most famous songs?

B: One of the famous songs he wrote was “A Hard Day’s Night”.

A: John Lennon, I bet.

B: You got it.

A: And I’ve made it in five questions!

B: Good for you.

Now make similar conversations with your partner. Use the structures and expressions above in your conversations where appropriate. Your conversations should include the details given below.

Part C

Test Your Listening

A Compound Dictation

Listen to the passage three times and supply the missing information.

On June 28, 2008, amid cheers and tears 52-year-old Gates said good-bye to his 1) Microsoft employees.

The following is his closing remarks during his 2) farewell event in Redmond:

“My life’s work really is about 3) software and working with incredible people. I love working with smart people. I love working with Steve. I love working with all the incredible people here. Even the times that were the 4) toughest, in some ways those are the ones that bond you the most — when IBM decides to attack you, or when some 5) legal ruling isn’t quite right. And you have to do a press conference afterwards.

“The work here combines two things that I think are just so special. One is the 6) long-term impact — the impact on the world of what we do — is incredible. We can always go out and see things that remind us of that. See blind people who, using our accessibility, can browse the Internet. You know, their lives are just totally different because of that. So we can say, wow, this is so 7) impactful.

“But I think the second thing, 8) which is that the day-to-day work is fun and enjoyable, that’s actually what’s made it so easy to want to work hard, to want to always improve things, to face up to whatever it is that needs to be done better. 9) So it’s a special group of people who put so much into it.

“So let me just close by say ing you’ve made it so much for me. 10) There won’t be a day of my life that I’m not thinking about Microsoft, and the great things that it’s doing, and wanting to help. So thank you for making it the center of my life, and so much fun. Thank you.”

Part D

Time to Talk

Look at these pictures and describe them one by one. If possible, try also to find something relevant to talk about.

Hints:

1. Einstein, great physicist, impact on the way people think, Time magazine (时代周刊), Person of

the Century, great contribution to the world

2. Charlie Chaplin (卓别林), film star, comedian (喜剧演员), silent films, humorous, funny image,

small black suit, big trousers, large shoes, walking stick, laughter and tears

3. Karl Marx, big whiskers (络腮胡子), founder of Marxism, a great impact on the world history,

gain great insight into the nature of capitalism, still influence the people today, despite different views on communism, still respected

Demos:

1. The person in this picture is Albert Einstein. As we all know, he was a great scientist. His

theories have had a great impact on how people think. He made great contributions to the world. In 2000, Time magazine chose Einstein as Person of the Century and printed his photo on the cover of the first issue of the year 2001.

2. This picture shows the famous silent film star, Charlie Chaplin. He was the hero of many

films. He was always dressed in a black suit that was unfit, shoes that were too big and a tall hat. One can’t help laughing wh en seeing him in that funny outfit. With his amazing skill as a comedian, Chaplin brought fun, laughter and tears to a lot of people around the world in his time.

3. The man in the picture wears big whiskers. He was Karl Marx, the founder of communism.

His theory and activities had a great impact on the world history. Through his study, Marx gained a deep understanding of the capitalist system. His ideas still have a great influence today and, despite different views on communism, Marx is still respected around the world.

Movie Time

New Words

Gandhi 甘地（1869-1948，印度民族主义运动领袖）

loincloth n.缠腰布

climes n.气候区

pots and pans 煮饭用具

non-violent protest 非暴力抗议

laughing stock 笑柄

Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫（英国王宫）

blurt out 脱口而出

interference n.干涉

hospitality n.好客；款待

Script:

REPORTER: Here he is at last, the mystery man of India, Mr. Gandhi, dressed in just his loincloth, even in the chilly climes of Europe. He’s carrying with him his pots and pans, which he declared at the customs.

On September 12th, 1931, Gandhi came to Britain to discuss the future of India. In the early 30s’he’d begun a campaign of non-violent protest against British rule. The British Government reacted by arresting some 100,000 Indians, including Gandhi himself. The Empire was becoming a worldwide laughing stock.

On November 5th, Gandhi was invited to tea with King George V at Buckingham Palace. The king was most unhappy. “I tell you what it is, Mr. Gandhi,” the king blurted out. “I am not having any of your damned interference in my Empire.” Gandhi replied very calmly, “I must not be drawn into political discussion with your Majesty while I am receiving your Majesty’s hospitality.”

As he was leaving the palace, he was asked by journalists if he felt properly dressed for the occasion. “Oh, i t was fine,” said Gandhi.“The king wa s wearing enough for both of us.”

Gandhi left Britain, as eventually his country would too. Elsewhere, new empires were rising.

Exercise

Fill in the blanks with what you’ve got from the clip.

REPORTER: Here he is at last, the mystery man of India, Mr. Gandhi, dressed in just his loincloth, even in the chilly climes of Europe. He’s carrying with him his pots and pans, which he declared at the (1) customs.

On September 12th, 1931, Gandhi came to Britain to (2) discuss the future of India. In the early 30s’he’d begun a campaign of non-violent protest (3) against British rule. The British Government reacted by (4) arresting some 100,000 Indians, including Gandhi himself. The Empire was becoming a worldwide laughing stock.

On November 5th, Gandhi was (5) invited to tea with King George V at Buckingham Palace. The king was most unhappy. “I tell you what it is, Mr. Gandhi,” the king blurted out. “I am not having any of your damned interference in my Empire.” Gandhi (6) replied very calmly, “I must not be drawn into political discussion with your Majesty while I am receiving your Majesty’s hospitality.”

As he was leaving the palace, he was asked by journalists if he felt (7) properly dressed for the occasion. “Oh, it was fine,” said Gandhi. “The king was wearing enough for both of us.”

Gandhi left Britain, as eventually his country would too. Elsewhere, (8) new empires were rising.

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[解析] 这是破冰的一种非常好的方式。当你对某件事情或者某人的境遇特别好奇的时候，可以用上这句话。 6. Are you all right? [翻译] 你还好吧？ [解析] 生活中总有磕磕绊绊，当你看到别人眉头紧皱，或者面色难看时，可以用这句话进行询问。另外，all right在英国很多时候表示go ahead. 7. Give me a book please, Jane. [翻译] 简，请递给我一本书。 [解析] 非常简单的句子，在图书馆，教室请别人递给自己东西时脱口而出。 8. There is a refrigerator in the kitchen. [翻译] 在厨房里有一个冰箱。 [解析] 在给别人介绍自己家的物品或者某处风景的时候，都可以用上。 9. Where is it? [翻译] 在哪？ [解析] 可以直接用where来提问。 10. What must I do? [翻译] 有什么必须要做的？

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