2014学年第一学期英语期中试卷

2014学年第一学期高三英语期中试卷（2014.11）

考生注意：

1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚。答题时客观题用2B

铅笔按要求填涂，主观题用黑色水笔书写。

2. 本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷，共12页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

I. Listening Comprehension（30分）

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student.

C. Customer and waitress.

D. Lawyer and client.

2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.

3. A. In a seafood market. B. On a fishing boat.

C. At a restaurant.

D. In a store specializing in seashells.

4. A. Making a pot of coffee. B. Getting a different coffee pot.

C. Drinking less coffee.

D. Trying different brands of coffee.

5. A. Confused. B. Depressed. C. Relieved. D. Worried.

6. A. It’s not good riding in the rain. B. Riding a bike is a great idea.

C. They’d better not go riding.

D. They can go riding half an hour later.

7. A. Still he doesn’t like living on campus. B. School has changed little since last year.

C. He has made many new friends.

D. He enjoys campus life all the same.

8. A. It’s even harder than people say.

B. He doesn’t believe it’s hard for everybody.

C. It’s not as hard as he’d thought.

D. It’s hard to know what to believe about it.

9. A. Mike isn’t a very good violinist.

B. It’s rather late to ask Mike now.

C. There will be other musicians to introduce.

D. Someone else should make the introductions.

10. A. The questions had little connection with the course.

B. The exam questions were too difficult.

C. He couldn’t finish the questions within the time allowed.

D. He found the questions easy to answer.

Section B

Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. She had never offended the law.

B. She had always been driving at a high speed.

C. She could still drive her old car like a woman half her age.

D. She had never been punished for a driving offence.

12. A. Because she wanted to break her record.

B. Because she couldn’t tell red from green.

C. Because her eyes had become weak with old age.

D. Because she drove too fast and couldn’t brake.

13. A. She threaded a needle with a small eye with ease.

B. She showed the judge her clean record.

C. She opened her handbag and picked out the medical record.

D. She defended herself by raising lots of questions for the judge.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. To make corrections in spelling and grammar.

B. To make the main idea clear to the reader.

C. To add more specific details and examples.

D. To improve overall effectiveness.

15. A. Two weeks before the final due date.

B. Before the paper becomes clear to the reader.

C. By the end of the term.

D. After you finish the course.

16. A. To review material covered in an earlier lecture.

B. To change students’ approach to writing.

C. To point out an example of good writing.

D. To give an assignment for the next class.

Section C

Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear.

Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.

Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.

Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

（A）

What does the term phubbing mean?

The word was coined by Alex Haigh，a 23-year-old Melbourne resident. 'Phubbing' stands for 'phone snubbing', and describes "the act of ignoring someone in a social setting by looking at your phone instead of paying attention to them".

Now 'Stop Phubbing' 25 (become) the online home of a campaign against digitally derived rudeness recently.

The motive behind the effort is quite straightforward: 26 (highlight) the embarrassment of 27 (ignore) in public places, text-tapping fingers during personal dinners and coffee dates that 28 as well have been taken online.

Among all, the 29 (innovative) bit of the campaign is the wedding place cards that you

can download to place on tables during your big day. It asks guests to pay attention to the wedding and not play with their phones! According to statistics, 87 percent of teens would rather text than 30 (communicate) face-to-face with a person.

The 'Stop Phubbing1 website even allows you to upload photos of your friends/family who are phubbers to 31 Name-and-Shame section. Or download posters that read，"No Tweeting, No Facebook, No Instagram, No Foursquare, No Sexting".

There's even an option to send phubbers e-mails to let them know of the negative effect they could possibly have 32 their friends.

（B）

It’s one of our common beliefs 33 mice are afraid of cats. Scientists have long known that 34 ____ ____ a mouse has never seen a cat before, it is still able to detect chemical signals released from it and run away in fear. This has always been thought to be something that is hard-wired into a mou se’s brain. But recently Wendy Ingram, a graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, has challenged this common sense. She has found a way to ―cure‖ mice of their inborn fear of cats by infecting them with a parasite, reported the science journal Nature.

The parasite, called Toxoplasma gondii, might sound unfamiliar to you, but the 35 (shock) fact is that up to one-third of people around the world are infected by it. This parasite can cause different diseases among humans, especially pregnant women –––36 is linked to blindness and the death of unborn babies.

However, the parasite’s effects on mice are unique. Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat’s urine (尿) before and 37 it was infected by the parasite. They noted that normal mice stayed far away from the urine 38 mice that were infected with the parasite walked freely around the test area.

But that’s not all. The parasite was found to be more power ful than originally 39 (think) – even after researchers cured the mice of the infection, they no longer reacted with fear to a cat’s smell,40 could indicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice’s brains.

Why does a parasite ch ange a mouse’s brain instead of making it sick like it does to humans? The answer lies in evolution. Toxoplasma gondii can only reproduce inside a cat. So the parasite had to develop a way of tricking the mice into getting eaten more easily ––– thus helping itself go inside a cat –by taking away mice’s sense of alarm.

Section B

Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be

The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done 41 by women----ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing 42 work-----still need to be done by someone .Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a 43 that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing ―poverty of time ― and look for help elsewhere , 44 opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centres, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.

Although there is still a big wage 45 between men and women, the income working women gives them new 46 and buying power. For example, women now 47 about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars dealers insulted women shoppers by 48 them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are 49 customers. It’s interesting that some leading Japanese car dealers were the first to really pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy cars ---- the Japanese society is still very much male—oriented. Perhaps it was the 50 contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one’s intelligence．But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people．The so-called ―non-intelligence factors‖ include one’s feelings, will, motivation, interests and habits．After a 30-year follow up study of 8,000 males, American psychologists 51 that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence 52 , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn, will power and self-confidence．

53 people all know that one should have definite objectives, a strong will and good learning habits, quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to 54 these factors．

Some parents are greatly worried when their children fail to do well in their studies．They blame either genetic factors, malnutrition（营养不良）or laziness, but they never take 55 consideration these non-intelligence factors．At the same time, some teachers don’t inquire into these, as reasons 56 students do poorly．They simply give them more courses and exercises, or 57 criticize or laugh at them．After all, these students lose self-confidence．Some of them just feel defeated and 58 themselves up as hopeless．Others may go astray（堕落）because they are sick of learning．An investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46．5 percent of them were 59 of learning, because of examinations, 36．4 percent lacked persistence, initiative and consciousness and 10．3 percent were sick of learning．It is clear that the lack of cultivation of non-intelligence factors has been a main 60 to intelligence development in teenagers．It even causes an imbalance between physiological and 61 development among a few students．

If we don’t start now to 62 the cultivation of non-intelligence factors, it will not only affect the development of the intelligence of teenagers, but also affect the quality of a whole generation．Some experts have put forward 63 about how to cultivate students’non-intelligence factors．

First, parents and teachers should 64 understand teenage psychology．On this basis, they can help them to pursue the objectives of learning，65 their interests and toughening their willpower．

51．A．came out B．found out C．made out D．worked out 52．A．in itself B．by itself C．itself D．on its own 53．A．Though B．Nevertheless C．However D．Moreover

54．A．believing B．studying C．developing D．cultivating 55．A．for B．in C．into D．over

56．A．why B．that C．when D．how

57．A．ever B．even C．still D．more

58．A．put B．get C．give D．handle 59．A．afraid B．ahead C．aware D．ashamed 60．A．difficulty B．question C．threat D．obstacle 61．A．intelligent B．psychological C．characteristic D．physical 62．A．practice B．thrust C．strengthen D urge 63．A．projects B．warnings C．suggestions D．decision 64．A．fully B．greatly C．very D．highly 65．A．insuring B．going C．encouraging D．exciting

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

Once upon a time it was boarding school adventures and mysteries solved by tweed-wearing detectives that fired young readers’ imaginations. Now, it seems that it is the promise of tales of blood sucking vampires, unstoppable zombies, howling werewolves and terrifying beasts that inspires young audiences to pick up a book.

Teen horror is a genre that seems to be going from strength to strength, with titles like The Demonata and The Saga of Larten Crepsey by Irish born writer, Darren Shan, topping the charts. Indeed Darren Shan’s success has earned him the title of ―Master of Children’s Horror‖ and his books, which also include The Thin Executioner and the vampire series The Saga of Darren Shan, have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide.

But what is it about horror fiction that so appeals to young readers, and just how scary do they like it?

―I think horror allows teenagers to focus on real-life issues in a fantastical way, helping them analyse and make sense of the world as they are coming to a greater understanding of it,‖ says Darren. ―In my book, Lord Loss, the main character’s parents and sister are slaughtered by demons. While that’s obviously not going to happen to anyone in the real worl d, many children will lose people they love during their formative years, whether it’s grandparents dying of old age, or friends or relatives in accidents. A book like this can hopefully help them prepare for when death strikes at them in real life. Good horror is always about helping us prepare for the darker aspects of life –and since we can’t avoid them, we might as well turn them into entertainment!‖Darren tours frequently, attending events in schools and libraries, and talking to young readers helps him gauge what they can and can’t take in terms of frightening content. He explains: ―When I’m writing an especially terrible scene, I imagine myself reading it out in a live environment, and ask myself if I would feel comfortable doing so. If not, I’ll g o back and tweak the scene. I have no set formula for deciding what is suitable and what is not. I simply go with my gut instinct.‖

66. What is the point of the article?

A. To recommend some popular horror books.

B. To analyze why horror fiction fascinates young people.

C. To explore how horror fiction benefits young readers.

D. To introduce how Darren creates horror books.

67. The underlined phrase ―going from strength to strength‖ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning

to ______.

A. becoming increasingly successful

B. improving imagination

C. getting darker and scarier

D. failing to attract attention

68. Darren Shan thinks that his books interest young people because ______.

A. they are exciting and inspiring

B. they are about the darker aspects of life

C. they deal with real-life issues in a fanciful way

D. they teach people how to deal with real-life problems

69. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A. Teenagers feel comfortable with Darren’s imagination.

B. The more frightening a book is, the better it sells.

C. Darren visits schools from time to time to promote his books.

D. Darren sometimes changes his stories to make them less scary.

70. Which of the following groups is the advertisement NOT intended for?

A. Social clubs.

B. Businesses.

C. Families.

D. Large groups.

71. What advantages do you get from having one of the Gift Cards?

a. Y ou get further discount on bulk purchases.

b. Y our card is preloaded with a certain amount of cash.

c. Y ou get the best discounts among the three promotions.

d. The cards can be used in many cinemas.

A. a, b

B. b, c

C. c, d

D. b, d

72. What do the three promotions have in common?

A. They all have a minimum purchase.

B. They are all valid for 12 months.

C. They all need to be ordered ahead of time.

D. They can all be used on tickets and food

73. In which of the following circumstances may a firm owner NOT consider bulk ticket purchases?

A. His customers usually don’t place big orders.

B. He hopes to be admitted into a social club soon.

C. He hopes his customers will always pay in time.

D. His sales staff cooperate well and perform perfectly.

(C)

Are we getting more stupid? According to Gerald Crabtree, a scientist at Stanford University in the US, we are.

Y ou may not want to hear this, but Crabtree believes that human intelligence reached its peak more than 2,000 years ago and ever since then has been going downhill. ―If an average Greek from 1,000 BC were transported to modern times, he or she would be one of the brightest among us,‖ Crabtree told The Guardian.

At the heart of Crabtree’s thinking is a simple idea. In the past, intelligence was critical for survival when our ancestors had to avoid dangerous animals and hunt for food. The difference of being smart or stupid is often life or death. However, after the spread of agriculture, when our ancestors began to live in dense farming communities, the need to keep their intelligence in peak condition gradually reduced.

This is not hard to understand. Most of the time, pressure is what keeps us going – you need the pressure from your teachers to finish your homework; the pressure of looking pretty prompts you to lose weight when summer comes. And the same is also true of our intelligence – if we think less, we become less smart.

These mutations(变异) are harmful to our intelligence and they were all developed in the past

3,000 years. The other evidence that Crabtree holds is in our genes. He found that among the 2,000 to 5,000 genes that we have that determine human intelligence, there are two or more mutations in each of us.

However, Crabtree’s theory has been criticized by some who say that early humans may have better hunting and surviving abilities, but people today have developed a more diverse intelligence.

F or example, spearing a tiger doesn’t necessarily require more brainpower than playing chess or writing a poem. Moreover, the power of modern education means a lot more people have the opportunity to learn nowadays.

―Y ou wouldn’t get Stephen Hawking 2,000 years ago. He just wouldn’t exist,‖ Thomas Hills of the University of Warwick, UK, told Live Science. ―But now we have people of his intellectual capacity doing things and making insights that we would never have achieved in our environment of evolutionary adaptation.‖

74. What is Crabtree’s recent finding according to the article?

A．The Greeks from 1,000 BC could have been the smartest in human history.

B. Our ancient ancestors had no better surviving abilities than we do nowadays.

C. Mutations in genes that decide human intelligence have affected the development of

intelligence.

D. Humans have been getting steadily more intelligent since the invention of farming.

75. According to Crabtree, ancient humans _______.

A. had much more genes that determine human intelligence

B. were forced to be smart due to natural selection pressures

C. relied more on group intelligence than individual intelligence

D. developed a diverse intelligence to adapt to the harsh realities

76. Some argue that Crabtree’s theory is false because they think _______.

A. people today are under much more pressure than early humans

B. it’s ridiculous to compare a hunter’s and a poet’s intelligence

C. modern education is far more advanced than ancient education

D. human intelligence nowadays is different from that of the distant past

77. What is Thomas Hills’ attitude toward Crabtree’s theory?

A. Supportive

B. Unfavourable

C. Worried

D. Confused.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in

the fewest possible words.

Proxemics(空间关系学) is the study of what governs how closely one person stands to another. People who feel close will be close, though the actual distances will vary between cultures. For Americans we can discern four main categories of distance: intimate, personal, social and public. Intimate ranges from direct contact to about 45 centimetres. This is for the closest relationships such as those between husband and wife. Beyond this comes personal distance. This stands at between 45 and 80 centimetres. It is the most usual distance maintained for conversations between friends and relatives. Social distance covers people who work together or are meeting at

social gatherings. Distances here tend to be kept between 1.30 to 2 meters. Beyond this comes public distance, such as that between a lecturer and his audience.

All cultures draw lines between what is an appropriate and what is an inappropriate social distance for different types of relationship. They differ, however, in where they draw these lines. Look at an international reception with representatives from the US and Arabic countries conversing and you will see the Americans pirouetting(快速旋转) backwards around the hall pursued by their Arab partners. The Americans will be trying to keep the distance between themselves and their partners which they have grown used to regarding as ―normal‖. They probably will not even notice themselves trying to adjust the distance between themselves and their partners, though they may have vague feeling that their Arab neighbours are being a bit ―pushy‖. The Arab, on the other hand, coming from a culture where much closer distance is the norm, may be feeling that the Americans are being ―stand-offish‖. Finding themselves happier standing close to and even touching those they are in conversation with they will persistently pursue the Americans round the room trying to close the distance between them.

The appropriateness of physical contact varies between different cultures too. One study of the number of times people conversing in coffee shops over a one hour period showed the following interesting variations: London, 0; Florida, 2; Paris, 10; and Puerto Rico 180. Not only does it vary between societies, however, it also varies between different subcultures within one society. Y oung people in Britain, for example, are more likely to touch and hug friends than are the older generation. This may be partly a matter of growing older, but it also reflects the fact that the older generation grew up at a time when touching was less common for all age groups. Forty years ago, for example, footballers would never hug and kiss one another on the field after a goal as they do today.

78. In proxemics, ________ governs the standing space between two persons.

79. T he word ―stand-offish‖(Line 9, Para. 2) means _________.

80. Why may Arabs ―pursue‖ Americans in a conversation at an international reception?

81. We can infer from the last paragraph that the appropriateness of physical contact also varies with_________.

第II卷（共47分）

I. T ranslation（22分）

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1、这是他第一次夸奖我的穿着。(compliment)

2、从他的话来判断，他已经把你的建议考虑进去了。(account)

3、重要的是，你能在大多数人反对时坚持自已的观点。(against)

4、在这次慈善活动中所筹得的20万美元都捐给了一个山区的学校。（donate)

5、直到看到自己的活动给自然造成的负面影响后，人类才意识到保护环境人人有责。(Not until)

II Guided Writing（25分）

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions.

李华进入高三后，感觉压力很大，缺少自信，请你给他写封信，结合具体事例，告诉他自信的重要性，以及如何培养自信。

2014年北京中考英语试题

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