专八改错真题及答案
2000 年-2015年专八短文改错试卷
2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错
When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show
on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1.______
rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had been
given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”
was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation。that 3.______
much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4.______
started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and
so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? My
friend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.
Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly
means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6.______
new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7.______
own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have
asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.______
aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9.______
speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,
but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.
So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10.______
2014改错
There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.
There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______
have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______
l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the
same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______
l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______
more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?
l What motivates people to acquire additional language?
l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______
acquisition of additional languages?
l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the
learning of additional languages?
From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______
the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have
one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring
of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______
so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an addi tional
language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______
focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an
individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are
involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______
or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the
classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______
2013 专八短文改错试卷．
Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes
involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,
production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____
listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.
One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______
happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______
Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______
you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional
circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______
involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it。
if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______
their language。if we observe a child acquire language。if (7) ______
we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult。or
if we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet
anyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______
of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”
reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______
listening, writing and reading. But given that language processes
were normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______
experiments to get at what is happening.
2012年
The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______
century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers
favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter。the (2) _______
sense not the word。the message rather the form。the matter not (3) _______
the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______
wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th(5) _______
century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that
the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______
was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______
gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______
literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______
extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.
The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the
nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too
often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with
each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____
2011年专八真题改错部分
From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew
that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so
with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________
soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________
I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________
on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For
this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed
disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and
holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________
the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________
being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words
and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________
a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________
in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________
intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood and
boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first
poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.
2010年专八真题改错部分
So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally
complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,
every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________ the things their speakers want to say. 2________________ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________
peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all
groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or
psychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________
fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak about
snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________
English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those
sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and
subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________
in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is
simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________
for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which
Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language
could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture
or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________
2009
The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes
from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________
between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,
learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme and
transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________
on within the very hour it is learnt。and in the general, it passes (6)_____________ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon
for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five
years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been
currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________ has been retransmitted over and over。very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, and
the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________ to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____________
2008年专八真题短文改错
The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a
very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____
part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____
a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____
race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____
split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that
independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____
different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____
proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favoured
the adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things would
certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____
and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____
knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory
solution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____
Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____
that political independence and national identity can be complete
without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common
language.
customer.
2015
1.looked改成looking
2.she后面加had
3.去掉第二个a
4.去掉it
5.polite改成politely
6.which改成that
7.specially改成especially
8.this改成it
9.continually改成often
10.mend改成narrow
2014
1. 把of去掉。
2. 把possessed 改成attracted，
3. 把a改成the
4. 在facts 和adults之间加个that，
5. 把第二个the 去掉。
6. 把第二个of 改成in
7. 把attempts改成attempt
8. 把or 改成and
9. what改成how
10. 把touche改成touches
2013
1. production改成producing
2. 去掉the
3. 去掉accurately前面的so
4. looking改为look
5. we前面加that
6. 去掉colleague后面的has
7. their改成his
8. anyone改成 pure老师someone
9. evolved改成involved
10. were改成are
2012
参考答案：
1．going∧since－加入on
题解：go on的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。
2．certain－改为a certain
题解：此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。
3．rather－改为not
题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather应改为not。
4．is －改为was
题解：此句应该为过去时。
5．in －改为at
题解：at the turn of 19th century“十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。
6．the －删去第二个the
题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。
7．view∧translation－加入that
题解：在view和translation之间加上that，可将“translation was impossible”看成view的同位语。8．was－删去was
题解：条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。
9．culminated∧the－加入in
题解：culminate in是“以......告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。
10．and －改为but
题解：原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转折关系
2011
1，在grow后加up, 考固定短语
2，改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”
3，改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语
4，在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。作者是三个孩子句中的那位
5，改disagreeing 为disagreeable ，disagreeing只能作动名词，不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯
6，改imaginative为imaginary, 考词语区别imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary翻译为“想象的，虚构的”
7，改literal 为literary , 考词义区别，literal翻译为“字面的”，literary 翻译为“文学方面的”
8，去掉face后的in，face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法
9，在world后加in或者改which为where, 考定语从句
10，改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness, 考语境。
感悟：11专八改错相对前几年专八改错要简单一点。本人认为词义区别考得过多了。
2010
2010年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词
1 be后插入as。as…as引导的比较级
2 their改为its。 its代替every language
3 There改为It。 It此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式
4 Whereas改为But ；语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比
5 further 改为much further不能修饰比较级
6 come改为bring。 (sth)come to light , bring sth to light
bring to light the defect of English =bring the defect of english to light 揭示英语的缺陷
7 similar改为different。根据语境应该用different
8 will改为would。虚拟语气
9 as important去掉as。
10 the part去掉the或者改the为a be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短语
2009
答案分析：
(1) the further difference改为a further difference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）
(2) 改when 为until, 结构not...until翻译为“直到……才”
(3)their改为his（代词与前文a little listener在单复数上保持一致）
(4)something 改为anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段
(5)therefore改为however （根据上下文逻辑关系）
(6) in the general去掉the （习惯用法in general 表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）
(7) currently 改为current （这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）
(8) it has passed改为it has been passed （与分号前的被动保持一致）
(9) live 改为alive alive翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语
(10) to let alone改为let alone (let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说
2008
1. in result 改成in consequence，
2 moves改成movements.
3 distinctive改成distinct或different
4 在time后加when
5 accepted 改成realized
6 those改成that
7 删除on,
8 At 改成In
9 carrying with 改成carrying on with
10 now改成ago
2007
1, 改and为or, any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分，在否定句中用or
2, 改show为showing, 现在分词作定语
3，删除the, 表示泛指
4，改and为but, 根据语境此处是转折
5，改large为larger, 后面有than, 应该用比较级
6，改in为on, on other grounds “ 基于其它理由”，为固定搭配
7，改return为response , in response to “对……作出反应”
8，删除on, emphasize sth emphasize是及物动词
9，在large前加a, extent 是可数名词，前面要加冠词。"to a large extent"翻译为“在很大程度上”10，改these为those those that/who为固定形式
2006
1, 改agreeing为agreed agreed conventions翻译为“习俗”
2，words前加the, 此处为特指
3，改in为at at one’s disposal为固定短语，翻译为“由某人做主”
4，改enables为enable，定语从句与先行词vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules保持一致
5，删除the, 此处需要泛指
6，改old为older, 此处需要比较级
7，改seen为understood，system应该是被理解
8．，删除it take sth for granted take it for granted that…
9, 改or为and ,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系
10，most前加the, 形容词最高级中that一般不能省略
2005
1. investing应改为invested，过去分词作定语
2. 在irrespective和fluctuations之间加上介词of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法，意指“不论，不管，不顾，”等，此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。
3. 把those改为that，that此处代替outlook
4．在fact和economic之间力口上关系代词that。这是一个同位语从语，that在同位语从句中是不能省略的.
5．把定冠词the去掉, in school表示上学这个抽象意义
6．把形容词poor改为其比较级poorer。这句中的poor与后面的more形成一对比较关系，表示“越……越……”
7．在ways和which之间加上一个介词in。
8．这里应该用动词的—lng形式，即eliminating，以便使句型结构与前面的giving(students a governance role)保持一致，否则句子结构和意思都显得不正确。
9．将shorten(缩短；使变短)改为reduce/lesson/weaken。此处属于用词不当。
10．将to give discounts on改为to give discounts to their best customer。意为实业公司给最好的客户提供优惠。Give discounts to sb为固定短语
2004
1.,在set 后加up, set up“建立、成立”是固定短语
2.答案：consi sted → consisting/composed
3.答案：in → on
【详细解答】固定搭配on ...occasions
4.答案rely后加on
【详细解答】固定搭配rely on sb. to do something
5.答案：make out → make
【详细解答】make out 意思是“辨认出”，而此处意思是“对...做详细的研究”，故用“make detailed studies of...” 即可。6.答案：its → their
【详细解答】此处指代的是“investigations”, 故用复数。7.答案：public → the public
【详细解答】the +adj. 可表示某一类人，此处意思是“面向公众”，故应用“the public”。8.答案：nevertheless → therefore/ thus
【详细解答】此处不是表示意思的转折，而是与前文构成因果关系，故可改为therefore 或thus。9.答案：interests → interest
【详细解答】此处看成不可数名词为佳10.答案：these → those
【详细解答】those 指代witnesses , 即指代名词复数做定语从句的先行词，而these不行
2003
1. 答案：height→high，high 作为名词翻译为“最高水平”，又如reach an all-time high
2．答案：删除a
【详细解答】此处steady decline指稳定下降的行为、过程而不是其结果，为不可数名词，故应去掉定冠词a。3．答案：went后加on
【详细解答】go on为固定搭配，意为“持续”。4．答案：high→higher
【详细解答】后面有than，此处应为比较级。5．答案：Europe→European
【详细解答】根据上下文，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词counterparts。6．答案：more
【详细解答】由上下文可知，more与equally矛盾，故应去掉。7．答案：nevertheless→also
【详细解答】由上下文可知，此处讲的内容与前部分内容之间为递进关系，而非转折关系。8．答案：that→those
【详细解答】由上下文可知，此处所指代的应为前面复数形式的marriages，故指示代词也应该用复数形式。9．答案：Since→Although（或While）【详细解答】从逻辑上讲，此处应表达让步关系，而非因果关系。10．答案：in→to
【详细解答】to．．．extent为固定搭配，意为“到……程度”
2002
答案与详解
1.答案：
【详细解答】前半句意为“发音是在无意识之中学成的”，后半句意为“拼写是有意识地学成的”，它们之间是对比关系，故应该用连词while来连接。
2.答案：
【详细解答】be unconscious of是固定搭配，意为“无意识地，未意识到”。即“我们之中很多人一辈子都
不知道自己的话听起来是什么样的”。
3.答案：speak后加it
【详细解答】speak out意为“大胆地说出”，在这里句意不通。在speak out中加上it，指代前面的speech，意为“当我们说出话后，自己听起来像什么”。
4.答案：
【详细解答】firstly表示顺序中的“第一”，first则表示时间上的“第一次，首次”。这里是说“当我们第一次听到自己的录音时，通常会震惊”。故应将firstly改为first才合乎句意。
5.答案：
【详细解答】在定语从句中，如果先行词是代词something，everything，nothing，little，few等时，关系词应用that而不是which，故此处应将which改为that。
6.答案：
【详细解答】本文通篇用的都是一般现在时，所以此处也应用一般现在时，使上下文保持时态一致。7.答案：删除per或
【详细解答】per和every都是“每”的意思，在此属重复错误，故将两者去掉一个即可。
8.答案：This
【详细解答】根据句子结构，句中缺少一形式主语，而作形式主语的只能是代词it，this是“这”的意思，
不能用做形式主语，所以应将this改为it。
9.答案：community后加
【详细解答】hold意为“抓住，占据，包含”。此处想表达的意思是“语言用作使社区具有凝聚力、给人归属感的一种方式”，用hold a community不能表达此意；hold sth．together表示“使结合在一起不破，使团结一致”的意思，符合句意。
10.答案：
【详细解答】要表达距离上的远近，在英语中通常用副词away。far表示“远，从（到）很远距离”，不合句意。
2001
1.答案：as→so
此处不是比较，so 翻译为“如此”2.答案：increasing→increasingly
【详细解答】increasing可用来修饰名词，表示“正在增加”，修饰名词topic不合题意。本句中应该用副词作状语修饰形容词favorite，所以应该改用副词increasingly。3.答案：so→but
【详细解答】根据上下文判断，小麦价格在秋天不断下降，但是农民不能等着市场提升价格。这里应该是转折关系，而不是因果关系。4.答案：soon或shortly
【详细解答】要表达“不久以后”，要么用soon after，要么用shortly after，就是没有soo n shortly after 这种搭配。5.答案：rich→richer
【详细解答】根据上下文，这里是说由于价格上涨，投机商们变得更加富有，故应该改用形容词的比较级形式。6.答案：asked后加for
【详细解答】ask for为固定搭配，意为“要求，请求”。7.答案：involving→invol ved
【详细解答】be involved in为一固定搭配，意为“被卷入…”，这里的be为连系动词，可用become 替换。8.答案：1ife→living
【详细解答】根据上下文，这里要表达的意思是“生活费用”，应为living costs。life则意为“生命”，不能修饰costs。9.答案：删除with【详细解答】handle为及物动词，应直接带宾语。
10.答案：total→full
【详细解答】total意为“总体的，全体的”，指一种整体的概念。而这里要表达的是“全部的权威”，英语中常用full authority。
2000
1.答案：删除seem后的the
【详细解答】本句中的most为副词，不是最高级形式，故不用定冠词the。翻译为“极其”2.答案：but→and
【详细解答】根据文章内容判断，but后面的陈述与前文并不是相反之意，而是并列关系。3.答案：in→to
【详细解答】as opposed to为固定搭配，意为“与……对照，与……相比”。4.答案：misled→misleading 【详细解答】根据句意，这里的方式（way）是对他人有误导，不是被他人误导。所以应该用m islead 的现在分词表示主动的含义。5.答案：away
【详细解答】far away from意为“距离某处很远”，而far from being则意为“远不是，远够不上”。根据上下文，这里是说“远非毫无意义”，故应该用短语far from being。6.答案：single→only 【详细解答】此处用only修饰vehicle比用single更符合习惯用法。7.答案：as→in
【详细解答】本句中的介词in表示“在……方面”，as则无此意。8.答案：mean→mean s
【详细解答】by no means为固定搭配，意为“丝毫不，绝不”。9.答案：have后加such
【详细解答】such … as是常见表达方式，用来举例说明。10.答案：number改为deal/amount
2015年专八改错真题.doc
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专八：改错模拟题(2020年整理).doc
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