现代大学英语精读3_unit_4课后答案

Unit 4 Wisdom of Bear Wood

I Pre-class work

1. Paraphrase.

1) I spent most of my time wandering in the forests and the fields alone, acting Robin Hood, daydreaming collecting bugs and bird-watching. (Para. 3)

2) To live a quiet life and not to get involved with other people was my way of avoiding any friendship that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. (Para. 3)

3) But one day I began a friendship just by chance. (Para. 3)

4) I started to take a long walk.., to a dense growth of trees called Bear Wood. (Para. 4)

5) Yes, they are watchful; But the bad thing is that some gamekeepers have been killing them since they got here and they were brought into this place form somewhere else, not born and raised here. (Para.11)

6) I looked at the cabinets with glass windows that contained statues and models carved out of ivory and stone trays of butterflies fastened with pins and.., about twelve birds that were made into specimens. (Para. 18)

7) I learn a lot of knowledge, taught by nature itself, about the things I can see--the birds, insects, trees, and flowers, and the things I cannot see--ideas, scientific laws and principles. I also learn a lot about the things that change, including life itself, as well as the things that are changeless like friendship, love, and many basic values. (Para. 37)

2. Learn to use the dictionary and other reference books.

1) Give the definition of the following.

(1) odds and ends: small things of various kinds without much value

(2) rather than: instead of

2) Find the synonyms and the antonyms of the following in a Thesaurus.

(1) immense antonyms: little, small, tiny, minute

(2) to glow synonyms: to radiate, to blare, to blaze, to brighten, to gleam, to shine

3. W0rd-building.

l) Give corresponding nouns of the following verbs.

(1) possession (2) endurance (3) penetration

(4) encounter (5) retirement (6) suspicion/suspect

(7) abandonment (8) inclination (9) exploration

(10) recovery (11) warning (12 ) proceeding

(13) fascination (14) form/formation (15) glimpse

2) Give corresponding nouns of the following adjectives.

(1) anxiety (2) misery (3) density

(4) instinct (5) familiarity (6) essence

(7) immensity (8) stupidity (9) suddenness (10) invisibility (11) generosity (12) productivity

(13) fondness (14) equivalency

3) Guess the meaning of the following, based on the rules of word-building you have learned.

(1)一个吸引人的故事(2)一番引言，开场白

(3)令人惊异的快速康复(4)一份费力的工作

(5)集体的努力(6)一个可爱的人

(7)一番深刻的分析(8)渴望权力的人们

(9)使铁路行业私有化(10)一位非常娇惯子女的母亲

(II)一次毫无意义的行动(12)秘密的行为

(13)被认为是不可触知的(14)他那好笑的笨拙的样子

(15)外汇收入(16)看上去可疑的

(17)能见度低(18)听起来迂腐的

(19)有很多崇拜者(20)积累的资金

(21)易变的天气(22)无色的液体

(23)冗长的讲话

4) Study carefully and discover new rules of word-building.

(1) the adjectives used as verbs

(2) the suffix "-ify" added to the end of a word to change it to a verb, meaning to make something be in the stated state or condition

(3) the compound nouns consisting of two words with the first one as the object of the action denoted by the second one More Work on the Text

II Vocabulary

1. Translate

1) into English.

(1) to explore the secrets of nature (2) to endure pain and suffering

(3) to earn everyone's admiration (4) to suspect a dirty plot

(5) to introduce this sheep (6) to surround the enemy

(7) to demand an open apology (8) to extend her hand

(9) to roam the fields (10) to dangle his feet

(11) to catch one's breath (12) to give permission

(13) to abandon hope (14) to accumulate experience

(15) to form a strong team (16) to possess property

(17) to design a new model (18) to collect facts

2) into Chinese.

(1)一次有收获的经历(2)看起来似乎不同

(3)零星的东西(4)古老的城堡

(5)铁丝网篱笆(6)石雕的人或动物像

(7)人间天堂(8)制成标本的鸟

(9)密集的月桂树丛(10)铺着柔软地毯的地板

(11)一种珍稀动物(12)潜在的购买者

(13)晒干了的树叶(14)样子很熟悉的房子

(15)笨拙的动作(16)退休工人

(17)面上有玻璃的书架(18)高倍望远镜

2. Give synonyms and antonyms of the following.

1) Give synonyms.

(1) to wander (2) to give up

(3) great, large, massive, huge (4) heavenly, sacred

(5) heaven (6) to look at

(7) to continue (8) dear

(9) lasting (10) attractive, admirable

(11) silently (12) to watch

(13) weak (14) to alarm, to give a start

(15) to gather (16) to teach

(17) to own (18) to surprise, to astonish

(19) sadly thoughtful (20) alert, watchful, cautious

2) Give antonyms.

(1) minor (2) unhappy, displeased (3) thin

(4) hell (5) public (6) introduced

(7) invisible (8) unseen (9) harmful

(10) colorless (11) center (12) great

3. Translate.

1) There are still hundreds of millions of people in the world today who earn less than a dollar a day.

2) So many people get stomach cancer. I suspect that the water we drink may be seriously polluted.

3) We have earned strong support of the government to make smoking illegal in public places.

4) He has earned the great admiration of the people as an honest government official.

5) Old people in China today are not inclined to live with their children.

6) I am inclined to look at things from the bright side.

7) The smugglers seem to know all our actions. I suspect that someone among us is passing secret information to them.

8) She says that she just doesn't feel inclined to work today.

9) We could not identify the body because it was too badly burnt.

10) These people roam from place to place without regular jobs and without social identity. More and more people now regard it as unfair.

11) I still regard it as important for our young people to care about their national identity.

12) With regard to flood control, I am still inclined to think that to plant more trees is more important than anything else.

4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.

1) B 2) D 3) A 4) A 5) D 6) D 7) B/C 8) C

5. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expression below.

1) wrench myself away from it 2) care to 3) keeping to herself

4) Thanks to, as it were 5) odds and ends 6) went by, at ease

7) with a will 8) filled up 9) at ease

10) brim over 11) bursting with 12) verges on

13) slipped through 14) verges against 15) warned against, as it were

6. Choose the right word in the given context.

1) (1) crawl (2) climbed (3) crept (4) creep/crawl

2) (1) tone (2) tune (3) tune (4) tone

3) (1) extend (2) expand (3) extended (4) expand

4) (1) doubt (2) suspect (3) doubted (4) suspect

5) (1) lonely (2) alone (3) alone, lonely (4) alone

7. Translate with special attention to the different meanings of the same word or word which happen to have the same spelling.

1)讨厌鬼就是那种你希望他听的时候他却偏要说的人?

2)你要是三分钟之内还打不出油，就别再钻了。(这里“钻”是一个双关语。这句话的另一个意思是你要是三分钟之内还吸引不了人们的注意，那就别再说了。)

3)圣诞节前不久她被炒了鱿鱼。

4)她朝那个奇怪的东西开了几枪，然后那个东西就突然不见了。

5)我肯定他会反对你去从商的。

6)今天，一个明智的企业家不会把谋利当作唯一的目标，他会十分重视对社会的责任。

7)那果酱看起来那么诱人，我们都买了好几瓶。

8)你如果不马上戒酒，那等于是自寻毁灭。

9)科学文献中用的语言通常比较正式。

10)他们今年打的十几口油井中有七口出了油。

11)他多大年纪?我也说不上。我相信他肯定已经80多了，而且很可能会活到100岁。

12)就在森林的边上，这个猎鸟人撞见了猎场看守人。

13)美国人说他们以前打仗像做游戏，但是现在不行了。

14)对不起，我迟到了。我路上遇到了塞车。

15)我们原来对我们的竞争对手还有价格优势，可是现在我们的劳动力也不便宜了。

16)他打开了汽车行李箱，发现里面除了一些零碎物品，什么都没有。

17)我们知道，我们在抗击强敌(或：我们在和巨大的困难作斗争)。

18)这口大箱子有相当的历史了，是我曾祖父在印度买的。

8. Choose the best word or phrase for each blank from the four supplied in brackets.

(1) ability (2) then (3) who

(4) called upon (5) Whether (6) something

(7) the least (8) rely on (9) toward

(10) have to (11) selling (12) form

(13) go through (14) applying (15) Whatever

III Grammar

1. Understand grammar in context.

(1) every few years: noun phrase, of time Phrases beginning with "every, this or that require no preposition when used adverbially.

(2) Loving nature: present participle phrase, of reason

(3) as you walked: adverbial clause of time

(4) the next time we moved: adverbial clause of time introduced by "the next time"

(5) through no design of my own: prepositional phrase, "through" meaning "because of"

(6) about six months: noun phrase, of time; Note: here "about" is an adverb, not a preposition. Speakers of English tend to drop preposition such as "for" and "on" in phrases indicating time.

(7) Slipping through a barbed-wire fence: present participle phrase denoting an action

immediately followed by another (indicated by the main verb)

(8)instinctively touching her throat with her hand：present participle phrase denoting a simultaneous action with that indicated by the main verb

(9)Once or twice：adverb phrase，of time quickly：adverb，of manner to make more tea：infinitive phrase，of purpose

(10)painfully：adverb，of manner from the tone of her voice：prepositional phrase，of manner

(1 1)tears stinging my eyes：absolute construction．of manner

(1 2)where there was a pond：adverbial clause of place

(13)Still filled with wonder：past participle phrase，of manner

(14)the water dripping from US：absolute construction，of manner

(15)taking for granted the tie of their blood：present participle phrase，of reason

(16)quietly: adverb, of manner. as if rememberineg something he bad tried to forget: condensed qdverbial clause of manner

2)Observe these sentences and find out how apposition is expressed．

(1)almost a holy place：a noun phrase in apposition to“my secret fortress”

(2)a vaulted cathedral…：a noun phrase in apposition to“another world”

(3)one full of beautiful illustrations of birds：absolute construction in apposition to“two la rge tomes”

one(being full)of butterflies and other insects：an absolute construction in apposition to“two large tomes”

(4)almost exactly a year since I'd met the old woman in Bear Wood：a noun phrase in apposition to ……spring??

(5)a powerful swimmer：a noun phrase.in apposition to“a man with big shoulders”

(6)the legacy of that long—ago encounter in Bear Wood：a noun phrase in apposition to“much more”

(7)an enduring and rewarding friendship：a noun phrase in apposition to“that most precious rare thin g” ．

(8)that Alexander and Lorraine Dell…：a noun clause in apposition to“the fact”.

(9)Lee was ready to call it quits：a noun clause in apposition to“word”

(10)to trade stamps by advertising in stamp magazines：an infinitive phrase in apposition to“an other good idea??

(11)that 1 was with a stranger：a noun clause in apposition to“the queer feeling”

(12)three boys and three girls…：a noun phrase in apposition to“six of them”

(13)whether white people should malty black people：a noun clause in apposition to“the subject”

(14)the“I-hate—to-wait”attitude：a noun phrase in apposition to“This impatience”

(15)a place in her sister?S home and heart：a noun phrase in apposition to the noun clause“what she had come seeking”

(16)a 34-year-old salesman from California：a noun phrase in apposition to“Ric Hatch”

(17)to look at someone anywhere in the world：an infinitive phrase in apposition to“the most difficult lessonof all” (to)be able to recognize the image of himself：same as above (18) how to use how to control...; how to create a peaceful society of the whole: three infinitive phrases in apposition to the subject "the next lesson"

2. Practice using adverbial modifiers.

1) Complete the sentences with a proper word or phrase in the list below, putting the phrases in the right form.

(1) hardly (2) from the bottom of their heart (3) anxiously

(4) Patiently (5) day and night (6) the wrong way (7) Out of curiosity (8) every now and then (9) heart and soul (10) hand in hand (11) Slowly (12) in a big way (13) root and branch (14) under the circumstances (15) Eventually

2) Complete the sentences by putting in correct conjunctions in the blanks.

(1) before (2) where (3) as

(4) although (5) If, when (6) because (7) Once (8) When, Unless (9) so that (10) when (11) Although, than (12) as if (13) so that, than (14) As long as/If (15) even though 3. Combine each pair of the sentences by turning the second into an appositive.

1) This is Mr. Jin, the newly elected chairman of the English Department,

2) Drceam of the Red Chamber, a novel by Cao Xueqin, is regarded as one of China's four best classic novels.

3) With too many exams to worry about, my plan--to write a novel about life at college---doesn't seem feasible.

4) College freshmen--particularly those who are the only children in their families--have difficulty adjusting to dormitory life.

5) When I was a child, my favorite adult was an old uncle, a retired sea captain who always told me about his adventures in faraway lands.

6) In whatever form--cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, or chewing tobacco---tobacco is bad for the health

7) The professor appeals to the values deepest in the heart of all Chinese--loyalty, filial love, benevolence and righteousness.

8) The question whether he should confess or not troubled the criminal.

9) Much as I respect Confucius, I can never agree with his view that women are born inferior to men,

10) They are faced with a big problem: how to get the project approved by the Ministry of Education.

4. Translate the sentences into English, using various forms of adverbial or appositive.

1) Wherever there are air and water, life is possible.

2) Jogging every day, he has lost five pounds this month.

3) Two of them talked in a whisper so as not to disturb the other guests.

4) We'll let you know as soon as the personnel department reaches a decision.

5) All those who work for the good of their community heart and soul/whole-heartedly deserve our respect.

6) HIV may live in the body for years before symptoms appear.

7)The moment she got home，Susan flung herself on the sofa，utterly exhausted．

8)I have a feeling that Professor Liu doesn?t like the way some college students are

dressed．

9)After the accident，the owner of the mine was made to adopt safety measures．

10)Yesterday morning，the manager went off without telling anybody，leaving secret papers all over on the desk．

1 1)Writing in a journal can help you to release emotions even if you are not able to talk to others about how you are feeling．

12)The reason he gave—that he didn?t notice the traffic light tum red-一is not convincing．

13)Life does not always go as smoothly as you?d like．The better you can handle stress，the less it will control your life．

14)Between us—my father and me—an understanding began to grow after we opened our hearts to each other that night．

15)Severe and prolonged fatigue，night sweats，fever，loss of appetite and weight-all these could be symptoms ofAIDS．

5. Put appropriate prepositions in the blanks．

at／in，of,like，for，to／with，to／with，out of,to，of,By，of,in，to，to，to，around，like，of,at

6. Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer．

I)B 2)D 3)B 4)C 5)A 6)D 7)B 8)C

9)A i0)B ii)C 12)D 13)A 14)D 15)C