必修3-unit3-宾语从句教案

宾语从句

【教学内容】宾语从句

【教学目标】熟练掌握宾语从句的用法

【教学重难点】关系词的使用

【教学过程】

▼什么是宾语从句：在句中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

例：1.He told an interesting story.(名词短语作宾语）

2.He said that the story is interesting.(整个句子作宾语）

▼连接宾语从句的连接词分为：

从属连词：that,whether,if

连接代词:who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever),which(ever),

连接副词:when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever),

▼从属连词that：

1）that引导的宾语从句一般情况下可以省略

例：1.He told us (that) he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。

2.I know (that) he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。

2）不可省略that的宾语从句

①当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时

例：1.However, he went on to explain that he was not too sure about two things the grammar and some of the idioms.然而，他继续解释道他对语法和一些习语还不太有把握。

例：2.I have learned that most of the students who are interested in Chinese take interest in English.

我了解到大多数喜欢中文的学生对英语也感兴趣。

②当宾语从句较长时

例：We all think that I had what the public is badly in need of is nothing but the development of economy.

我们都认为公众所急需的不是别的而正是经济的发展。

③当主句状语置于宾语从句之前时

例：I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.

她一告诉我所有的事情，我就立刻意识到我做错了。

④and连接两个宾语从句，that引导的宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略

例：Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.

大家都能看出所发生的事情并看出汤姆被吓到了。

⑤that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略

例：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。

⑥that引导的宾语从句位于句首时，that不可省略

例：That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。

⑦主句谓语动词与that引导的宾语从句之间有插入语时，that不可省略

例：We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period.

鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定给他一段试用期。

▼从属连词if/whether

例：1.I doubt whether/if he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。

2.I don’t know if/whether you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。

?If/whether在作“是否”时，引导动词的宾语从句时，两者常可通用，但有些情况下除外

▼通常用whether不用if的情况

①介词后的宾语从句一般不用if

例：1.I am not interested in whether they believe in me or not.我对他们是否信任我不感兴趣。

2.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们在谈论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。

②有些动词如leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.

例：1.I put it to you whether we should start earlier.你来决定我们是否早点出发。

2.I doubt whether they’ll keep their word.我怀疑他们能否信守承诺。

③从句中有or not时，通常用whether

例：1.I don’t care whether the work will take long or not.

这项工作花费时间的长短我并不在乎。

2.I wonder whether or not we should make it clear that we’ve lost t his game.

我正在想我们是否应该宣布我们已经输了这场比赛。

④紧接不定式时只用whether

例：I am just wondering whether to say for another hour or just start off right away.

我不知道再等一个小时还是现在就开始。

⑤在容易产生歧义的句子中，常用whether引导的宾语从句，而不用if

试比较：1.Let me know whether you can come.告诉我你能否来。

2.Let me know if you can come.告诉我你能否来。

【活学活用】

▼连接代词who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever),which(ever)，可作主语、宾语

例：1.The headmaster wants to know whom the boy saved.(whom作宾语）

2.The professor asked who could answer the question.(who作主语）

注：who,whom,which,what与whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever的区别

例：1.The professor asked who could answer the question.

2.You may choose whoever you like.

▼连接副词when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever)作状语

例：1.I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要来。

2.Could you tell me where the ticket office is?你能告诉我售票处在哪吗？

3.You should tell me wherever you want to go.无论你想去哪里都应该告诉我。

【即学即用】用适当词填空

1.She is very dear to us. We are prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.

2.Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue

3.I’ll show you whatever you want to see.

4.Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.

5.You may choose whoever you like.

6.We haven’t discussed yet where we are going to place our new furniture.

7.I will tell you why he was late for school.

8.They want to knowwhowill come to the party tomorrow evening.

?宾语从句可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

▼动词的宾语从句

①大多数及物动词可以带宾语从句

可带宾语从句的常见动词有believe,consider,expect,guess,hope,hear,imagine,know,say,suppose,tell,think等→We all expect that they will win, for members of their team are stronger.

我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮。

→He told us that they would help us through the whole work.

他告诉我们他们会帮助我们完成整个工作的。

②有些“动词+副词”结构也可带宾语从句

→I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.

我发现这场音乐会的所有票全卖光了。

→Can you work out how much we will spend during this trip?

你能计算出我们在这次旅行中将花费多少钱吗？

③有些动词短语也可带宾语从句

→Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.

在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误。

→We should keep in mind that sports can help us develop both our bodies and characters.

我们应当牢记，体育运动不但可以增强我们的体质，而且还能健全我们的人格。

④可以运用形式宾语it的宾语从句

A.动词find,feel,think,consider,make,believe等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。

→I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天喝开水是有必要的。

→I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我觉得没去参加聚会很遗憾。

→I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我养成了每天写日记的习惯。

B.有些动词带宾语从句时要先在宾语从句前加形式宾语it.如hate,take,have,see to等。

→He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划是可行的。

→I take it that you will agree with us.我认为你会同意我们的。

→Please see to it that the children go to bed by 9 o’clock.请务必使孩子们在9点前上床睡觉。

【随即随练】翻译下列句子

1.他告诉我他会帮助我的。He told me that he would help me.

2.我发现这场音乐会的票全卖光了。I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.

3.我没去聚会，感觉是一种遗憾。I feel it a pity th at I haven’t been to the get-together.

4.如果能安排的话，我会非常感激。I would appreciate it if it could be arranged.

5.我讨厌他们嘴含食物时说话。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.

▼介词的宾语从句

①用wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句

一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句

→We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在谈论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。→The book is about how Shenzhou VI manned spaceship was sent up into space.

这本书是关于神舟六号载人航天飞船如何进入太空的。

②用that引导的宾语从句

Except,but,besides三个介词后有时也可接that引导的宾语从句

→Nothing would please her but that we go along.只有我们一道去，她才会高兴。

③当然并非except后的从句都用that引导，根据词义也可用what,when等。

→I like her except when she’s angry.我很喜欢她，但她生气时除外。

【小试牛刀】单项填空

1.I know nothing about the young ladyC she is from Beijing.

A.but for

B.except for

C.except that

D.besides

2.I know nothing about the accident D I read in the newspaper.

A.except

B.except for

C.except that

D.except what

▼形容词的宾语从句

Sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示情感的形容词后也可带宾语从句

→I’m not sure whether they’ll agree with such a plan.我拿不准他们是否同意这样一个计划。

→We’re all pleased that we have once again overcome the difficulty.真是高兴我们再次战胜了困难。

→I’m extremely sorry that I have troubled you so much.真是对不起我给您带来了这么多的麻烦。

▼宾语从句的否定转移

主句谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,except,fancy,guess等，且主句的主语是第一人称并为一般现在时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句的附加问句部分一般与从句一致。

例：1.我认为他们不会坚持到最后一分钟。

I don’t think they’ll stick out to the last minute.(常用）

I think they will not stick out to the last minute.(不常用）

2.我认为这不是他的过错，是不是？

I don’t suppose that’s his fault, is it?

【活学活用】翻译下列句子

1.I don’t think you are right.我认为你错了。

2.I don’t believe they have finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。

▼宾语从句的语气

①动词wish之后的宾语从句用虚拟语气

→I wish I were 10 years younger.我要是年轻10岁就好了。

→I wish I had come with you yesterday.昨天我要是和你一块来就好了。

→I wish I would meet him tomorrow, but he is already abroad.要是明天能见到他多好啊，可他已经出国了。

②动词suggest,advise,order,command,insist,demand,require,request,ask等候常接含虚拟语气的宾语从句，从句动词用“（should）+动词原形”。

→I suggested that he (should) not be taken along.我建议不带他去。

→The teacher asked that students (should) not make so much noise in the class.

老师要求学生在课堂上不要制造如此多的噪音。

▼宾语从句的时态

①主句为现在时态或将来时态

主句谓语动词如果是现在或将来时，从句谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态

例：1.I know you don’t know what I think at all.我知道你根本不知道我在想什么。

2.I know he didn’t tell you that he would come then.我知道他没告诉你他那时要来。

3.I‘ll let you know whether I’ll come or not directly I check my schedule.

我一核实完我的安排就告诉你我是否来。

②主句为过去时态

主句谓语动词如果是过去时态，从句谓语动词一般要用与过去时态相联系的各种时态。

A.从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动作同时发生

→I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didn’t know what country he was in.

我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，可不知道是哪个国家。

→He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he came in.

他问我他进来时我是否在读《老人与海》。

B.从句用过去完成时，表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。

→He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把会议的事告诉了玛丽。

C.从句谓语用一般现在时，表示客观事实和真理。

→The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光速比声速快。

D.从句谓语用过去将来时，表示该动作发生在主句表示的谓语动作之后

→The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.

记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱。

【随堂练习】单项选择

1.As many as courses are provided, and you are free to choose B suits you best.

A.whatever

B.whichever

C.whenever

D.wherever

2.Scientist study B human brains work to make computers.

A.when

B.how

C.that

D.whether

3.We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know C she’ll accept it.

A.where

B.what

C.whether

D.which

4.Police have found D appears to be the lost ancient status.

A.which

B.where

C.how

D.what

5.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for C he could find about Mark Twain.

A.wherever

B.however

C.whatever

D.whichever

6.It’s good to know D the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.

A.what

B.whose

C.which

D.that

7.We promise C attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

A.who

B.whom

C.whoever

D.whomever

8.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is D he never finishes anything.

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.why

9.I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.——That’s A I don’t agree.You should have a more active life.

A.where

B.how

C.when

D.what

【课后作业】

一、单项选择

1.I am sureDhe said is true.

A.that

B.about that

C.of that

D.that what

2.You can’t imagine Bwhen they received these nice Christmas presents.

A.how they were excited

B.how excited they were

C.how excited were they

D.they were how excited

3.We gave him B help we could.

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.this

4.Excuse me,would you please tell me D ?

A.when the sports meeting is taken place

B.when is the sports meeting going to be held

C.when is the sports meeting to began

D.when the sports meeting is to take place

5.Many young people in the West are expected to leave D could be life’s most important decision—marriage—almost entirely up to luck.

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.what

6.With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased B he was a man of action.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.whether

7..Mum is coming. What present C for your birthday?

A.you expect she has got

B.you expect has she got

C.do you expect she has got

D.do you expect has she got

8.Mary wrote an article on A the team had failed to win the game.

A.why

B.what

C.who

D.that

9.As soon as he comes back, I’ll tell him when A and see him.

A.you will come

B.will you come

C.you come

D.do you come

10.Native Americans from the southeastern part of D is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three worlds.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.what

二、根据汉语意思和所给单词完成句子

1.That little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.(remain) 那个迷路的小女孩决定待在她所在的地点等他妈妈。

2.We are trying to do whatever we can take to save those injured in the accident.(take) 我们正在尽力用一切可花费的东西来挽救事故中的伤员。

3.If children are allowed to choose what they are ,they usually will go for sweet food.(eat)

如果孩子们被允许选择他们吃的东西，他们通常会选甜食。

4.He often thinks of what he can do more for his country, so he is highly spoken of by the people throughout the country.(do)

他常常在想他能够为他的国家多做些什么，因此全国人民高度评价他。

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九年级复习教案-----《宾语从句复习》 ------吴淑清2013-5-7 I.Teaching task：Review the object clause II. Teaching aims教学目标 1. Idea and skill (知识与技能) : Review the object clause . Enable the students to master the usage of it. 2. Teaching progresses and methods（教学方法）: Practice the ability of using the object clause by slides and exercises . III、Main & difficult points: 1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句 2、宾语从句的语序 3、宾语从句中时态的变化 IV. Teaching progresses教学过程 Step1 Warming—up & revision 1.Enjoy the song which the students like best“Seasons in the sun ” 2.了解宾语从句： Step 2 Presentation: 一、不同引导词引导的宾语从句 （一）、由从属连词that引导的宾语从句。 注：陈述句用that引导。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： ·He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. ·She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. ·I am sure (that) he will succeed e.g. 1.I hear (that) _______________________. （一小时后他会回来） 2.He said (that) ______________________. （他非常想念我们） 3.The teacher told us (that) _________________.（地球围着太阳转） （二）、由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句 例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. eg: 1.He asked __________________________. (谁能回答这个问题） 2.Do you know_________________________. （他们在等谁） 3. Can you tell me . (他在哪儿） 4. Could you tell me ______________________ .（我该怎么去车站） 5. Would you tell me ______________ .（为什么火车迟到了） （三）、由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： ·I want to know if (whether) he lives there. ·He asked me whether (if) I could help him. e.g. 1. I want to know ___________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来） （是否要下雨） 3. I don’t know ___________________________. （注意：当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.） （四）、注意：以下情况只用whether，不用if。 1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如： 正：Let me know whether you can come or not.

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宾语从句用法小结 一、宾语从句由关联词引出。 我们根据引导宾语从句的连词不同， 可把宾语从句分为三类： 以从属连词that引导的宾语从句。(陈述句) I hear (that) you have passed the examination. 以从属连词if 和whether引导的宾语从句(一般疑问句) I don‘t know if you can come tomorrow. 以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句(特殊疑问句) Please tell me how you can get here. 二、宾语从句三要素：一连词, 二语序, 三时态。 1) 从句为陈述句时用that连接(常省略), 从句语序不变; 主句为一般现在时,从句可为任何时态。 主句为过去时态, 从句用相应的过去时态 I think (that) she is a clever girl. We all know (that) they reached Shanghai yesterday. Do you know (that) there is going to be a football match tonight? I saw (that) they were swimming in the river. 1There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know. Jack didn’t know that there would be a meeting in five days. 2. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said that these flowers were from Guangdong 3. Tony can come to the school . I think. I think that Tony can come to the school 4. They returned to Shanghai. I am afraid. I am afraid that they returned to Shanghai 2) 从句为特殊疑问句时连接词用特殊疑问词引导, 从句改为陈述句语序; 主句为一般现在时,从句可为任何时态。 主句为过去时态, 从句用相应的过去时态 Do you know who she is? Please tell me how long I can keep this book. Nobody knows when he came back. He asked the policeman which is the way to the school. 1What size shoes does Mary wear? She wanted to know . She wanted to know what size shoes Mary wore. 2. When will the train leave? I want to know . I want to know when the train will leave 3. Who is the new girl in the class? He asked her . He asked her who was the new girl in the class.. 4. What do the words mean? The boy asked the teacher . The boy asked the teacher what the words meant. . 从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用whether 或if,