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Brief Analysis of Ergative Constructions in Manda

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Brief Analysis of Ergative Constructions in Mandarin Chinese ——From the Perspective of Functional Grammar

作者:刘晓杨

来源:《校园英语·下旬》2018年第03期

【摘要】在传统及物性分析的基础上,韩礼得提出了作格分析模式。不同于及物性分析关注过程是否延及其他实体,作格分析从一个新的角度去解释小句,即过程是否由外部原因引起。通过对比分析及物性和作格性,本文总结了作格理论中的主要概念,以及两者间的差异。尽管汉语不是典型的作格语言,但现代汉语中存在大量的作格结构,然而传统的及物性分析不

能对这些特殊结构做出恰当的解释。因此,在相关作格理论的基础上,本文从功能语法的角度重点分析了现代汉语中的作格结构。

【关键词】作格;及物性;作格分析;作格结构;现代汉语

【Abstract】Basing on the traditional interpreting mode—transitive analysis, Halliday put forward the ergative analysis. Different from transitive analysis which focuses on the extension, ergative analysis interprets the meaning of clause from a new perspective: whether there’s an outer causation in the process . Through contrast analysis between transitivity and ergativity, this paper provides main concepts of ergativity theories and differences between them. Though Chinese is not considered as a typical “ergative language”, there are lots of ergative constructions in mandarin Chinese which cannot be explained properly by transitive analysis mode. Therefore, basing on certain ergativity theories, this paper mainly focus on analyzing those ergative constructions in mandarin Chinese from the perspective of functional grammar.

【Key words】ergativity; transitivity; ergative analysis; ergative constructions; mandarin Chinese

Chapter 1 Introduction

According to functional linguist Halliday, there are two modes of interpreting people’s experiential world : transitive and ergative mode. Different from transitive analysis, ergative analysis doesn’t focus on whether the process extends to some other entity; however, it tries to probe the causation of a process and make clear that’s an inner causation or an outer one. Halliday takes the two modes as two totally different ones, but they could complement each other. (Halliday, 2004:282). And Wang huiping thinks that using the two modes together could help us make a more effective understanding of the texture(王惠萍,2006).From the ergative point of view, every clause is consisted of the Medium, the Process, and the optional Agent, which constructs the nucleus of a clause. It pays attention to how the act in a clause happens, being caused by inner reasons or outer force.

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