从功能对等的角度谈土木工程英语汉译的准确性

对外经济贸易大学

硕士学位论文

从功能对等的角度谈土木工程英语汉译的准确性

姓名：朱骊

申请学位级别：硕士

专业：外国语言学及应用语言学

指导教师：张政

20090501

新视野大学英语(第二版)第四册汉译英英译汉及完型答案

. . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 : ; .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 ' 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . .出入除自己家以外地任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一定要了解有关宠物地规定. 一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，挣一份不错地工资.但是为了家庭，她们放弃 了工作. .你怎么为这样粗鲁地行为辩护？你将会为此付出沉重地代价，因为他们己经以低毁名誉地罪 名起诉你了. .批评有其重要作用；我们可能当时不喜欢它，但是它能激励我们去做更伟大地事情. .他毫不让步地行为遭到公众地反对，这使得他陷人了精神上崩溃、经济上破产地境地.．即使你失败了，也不要被失败伤害，更不要被失败左右.记住：失败是学习过程中 必要地一 步；它不是学习、地结束，而是学习地开始. . ．. . ．. . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册 . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . .

.如果没有查理·卓别林，世界电影史就会不一样了. .令人感到宽慰地是，他地努力最终给予了他长期渴望地结果—他成功地发现了这种疾病地原因. .查理·卓别林是最伟大、最广受热爱地电影明星之一.从《流浪汉》到《摩登时代》，他拍 摄了许多他那个时代最有趣、最受欢迎地电影.他最出名地是他扮演地一个人物—年轻可 爱地小流浪汉. .卓别林是一个才能非凡地人：自他年第一次在电影中出现，两年时间内他就成 了这个国 家最有名地人物之一. .查理·卓别林对世纪初期每个人地生活都产生了影响.与有史以来地任何人相比， 他让更 多地人欢笑，改变了人们看待这个世界地方式. . 年，查理·卓别林在圣诞节那天去世了，身后留下了悲伤地家人和朋友，以及 全世界数 以百万计地影迷. . ．. ．．. . . . . ．. ．．. ．． . . 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册 . . , .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . , , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . . , 资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 .资料个人收集整理，勿做商业用途 . ，发展中国家认为信息技术是促进经济发展地途径，但一些国家在估算成本与选择技术方面缺乏经验. .据说地球拥有地地下水量大约是其拥有地河流和湖泊水量地三千倍，而且地下水要干净得多. .任何人都能照出好照片—问题只是你是否在合适地时间和地点. .通过在他们地学校和图书馆安装计算机，这些社区地领导们表明他们决心不在技术上落后. .当他开始创办这家公司时，他想他将能在市场上与那些顶级公司并驾齐驱，可是他现在失望

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Sherical data concerned are provided in the next chapter. 下一章提供了有关的数据资料。 （三）增加主语 有些英语被动句并未在句中出现表示行为主体的词或词组，在翻译这类句子时，可适当增添一些不确定的主语，如“人们”、“有人”、“大家”、“我们”等。 The issue has not yet been thoroughly explored. 人们对这一问题迄今尚未进行过彻底的探索。 Shbered， but what we do here can change the world. 我们在这里所讲的话，人们不会长久记住。然而我们在这儿所做的事，却能改变世界。 二、译成汉语无主句 英语中有些被动句不需要或无法说出行为的主体，因此，翻译时往往译成汉语的无主句。这时，原句中的主语一般译成宾语。 Measures have been taken to prevent the epidemic from spreading quickly. 已经采取了措施来防止这种流行病迅速蔓延。 Water can be shown as containing impurities. 可以证明，水含有杂质。 The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end. 必须全部停止这种讨厌的噪声。

工程硕士英语unit1完型答案及翻译

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商务英语综合2汉译英整理

商务英语综合2汉译英整理

Unit 1 1.我不愿意告诉你，但是如果三个月内我们不能招揽到更多的顾客的话，归根结蒂的问题是公司将面临倒闭。(go out of business) I hate to tell you this,but if we don’t get more customers the next three months,the bottom line is that we’ll go out of business. 2.当局可能会对户外广告的副作用加以干预，但是，这并不意味着该禁令在法律上的合理性。它阻碍了我们的企划方案。(be concerned with) The authorities might be concerned with the side effects of the outdoor ads,but this does not mean the ban is legally justifiable.It has hindered us from scheduling our projects. 3.复杂的革新金融体系固然容易遭受破坏，但是单一、严格管制的金融体系势必导致经济发展迟缓。(susceptible) A sophisticated and innovative financial system is susceptible to destructive booms;but a simple,tightly regulated one will condemn an economy to grow slowly. 4.布什总统说他了解很多美国人都担心未来经济的发展，持续不稳定的房地产市场存在风险，使更多人面临失业危险。(in jeopardy) President Bush says he knows many Americans are concerned about the future of the economy,with the risk that continued instability in the housing market could put more jobs in jeopardy.

翻译的基本技巧--被动语态的翻译

翻译的基本技巧——语态转换译法 语态转换译法 1 顺译法 1.1 顺译成被动句 1.2 顺译成主动句 2 倒译法 2.1 把by后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 2.2 把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语 2.3 倒译成汉语的无主句 3 分译法 一、顺译法 既保留原文的主语，又要使译文主要成分的顺序和原文大体一致的翻译方法就叫顺译法。 1 顺译法(Translation in Original Order) 1. 1 顺译成被动句 A.译成“被”字 所谓“被”字句，就是在汉语的动词前面加上一个“被”字来表示被动的句子。主要表示这个动作不利于受事者或这个情况有点特殊，或者出乎意料。加上“被”字以引起读者的注意并表示“被”这一动作动作接受者（受事者）是不乐意或不情愿接受的。 例1：Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated. 【译文】维生素C受热过度就会被破坏。 例2：Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate. 【译文】花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。 例3：She thought all was fair and legal, and never dreamt she was going to be entrapped into a feigned union with a defrauded wretched, already bound to a bad, mad, and imbruted partner! (Charlotte Bront?: Jane Eyre) 【译文】她以为一切都是公正合法的，做梦也没想到过自己竟会被诱入欺诈婚姻的圈套，跟一个骗子、疯子、十足的坏蛋缔结姻缘。 B. 译成“挨”字句 “挨”仅用于翻译该动作是对动作接受者（受事者）不利或不好的句子。 例1：The boy was criticized yesterday. 【译文】这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。 例2：I was caught in the downpour. 【译文】我在大雨中挨浇了。 C. 译成“给”字句 “给”也是用于翻译该动作对动作接受者（受事者）不愉快或不愿接受的句子。 例1：Our clothes were soaked with sweat.

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新视野大学英语读写教程2汉译英翻译题及答案

1. 她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) 2. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) 3. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？(account for) 4. 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to) 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) 6. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。(pour into) Unit2 1. 尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。(despite) 2. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。(nor) 3. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家。(next to; by no means) 4. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to) 5. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。(count on) 6. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb.) Unit3 1. 你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术。(never too... to...) 2. 还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure) 3. 由于文化的不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。(meet with) 4. 虽然他历经沉浮，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。(ups and downs; all along) 5. 我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。(have reservations about) 6. 她长得并不特别高，但是她身材瘦，给人一种个子高的错觉。(give an illusion of) Unit4 1. 有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？(Use "it" as the formal subject) 2. 不管黑猫白猫，能抓住老鼠就是好猫。(as long as) 3. 你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我。(without fail) 4. 请允许我参加这个项目，我对这个项目非常感兴趣。(more than + adjective) 5. 人人都知道他比较特殊：他来去随意。(be free to do sth.) 6. 看她脸上不悦的神色，我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说。(feel as though) Unit5 1. 他说话很自信，给我留下了很深的印象。(Use "which" to refer back to an idea or situation) 2. 我父亲太爱忘事，总是在找钥匙。(Use "so... that..." to emphasize the degree of something) 3. 我十分感激你给我的帮助。(be grateful for) 4. 光线不足，加上地面潮湿，使得驾驶十分困难。(coupled with) 5. 由于缺乏资金，他们不得不取消了创业计划。(starve of) 6. 每当有了麻烦，他们总是依靠我们。(lean on) Unit6 1. 就像机器需要经常运转一样，身体也需要经常锻炼。(as... so...) 2. 在美国学习时，他学会了弹钢琴。(while + V-ing) 3. 令我们失望的是，他拒绝了我们的邀请。(turn down) 4. 真实情况是，不管是好是坏，随着新科技的进步，世界发生了变化。(for better or worse) 5. 我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。(ill at ease) 6. 当地政府负责运动会的安全。(take charge of)Unit7

综合英语2课后翻译Translation

Translation Unit1 1、天开始下雨，她走向附近的一个避雨处。 It started raining, she made for the nearest shelter. 2、她挑了一顶帽子，正好配她的衣服。 She picks out a cap which match her clothes perfectly. 3、我等了一个小时，可还是没见他的人影。 I waited for an hour, but he did not show up. 4、他们觉得还是呆在原地好。 They figured it was better to stay where they were. 5、小岛上发生的地震，造成了23人死亡。 The earthquake which struck the island caused 23 deaths. 6、在离开村子20年后，他终于回家了。 He returned home at length after being away from the village for 20 years. 7、她的许多同事已经失去了工作，她总算保住了。 Many of her colleagues have lost their job, while she eventually hold on to it.

Unit 2 1、老师告诉我瓶里的液体可以去除金属和瓷器上的污渍。 The teacher told me that the bottle of liquid could remove stains from the mental and china. 2、坐在我旁边的学生忐忑不安的看着考场的四周。 The students sitting beside me looked around the examination room with apprehension. 3、他现在大学毕业了，自己养活自己。 He is now out of college, and lives on his own. 4、他们轮流睡觉，以免出差错。 They took turns staying awake, in case anything went wrong. 5、大女儿也许会接父亲的班，等她长大后接管家业。 The elder daughter might follow her father’s footsteps, and take over the family business when she’s old enough. 6、他不得不跳下车，推车上山。 He had to get off the bike, and push it up to the hill. 7、这副手套将保护你的手不受冻。 The pair of gloves will protect your hands from the cold.

考研英语被动语态的翻译技巧

版权所有 翻版必究 1 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/845995072.html,/ 考研英语被动语态的翻译技巧 李彩风 考研英语中的翻译模块是对学生语法及词汇量基础最直观的考察。然而由于英汉思维习惯差异，要想在这一模块取得考研试题，不仅要熟记考研词汇，熟练掌握句子结构，更要善于英汉表达习惯的转换。其中，对于被动语态的处理便是英汉翻译一大难点所在，大家一定要勤加练习。考研英语中有关被动语态常用的翻译方法一般有下面几种。（一）：被动变主动 1.The classroom was cleaned by the student. 分析：该例句看似简单，却不乏有人受被动语态迷惑将其翻译为：教室被学生打扫干净了。虽然如此翻译是忠实于原文的最大体现，却不符合目的语的译入习惯，读起来很拗口。对于此类现象，最好的处理方法便是采用主宾颠倒的方式，即把by后的动作发出者作主语，英文原句中的主语作宾语。译为：学生把这间教室打扫干净了。 又如2018年真题中有这样一句话： 2.Effective measures should be taken by the government to solve the problem timely. 分析：同理，该例句中包含被动语态should be taken，且有by引出动作的发出者，按照考研翻译的要求，将主宾颠倒，翻译为主动形式：政府需要采取有效的措施来及时地解决这一问题。 （二）增加主语 Legal steps should be taken to reduce the high rates of traffic accident. 分析：这一例句中包含被动语态should be taken，此处可以转换成主动，翻译为“必须采取法律措施来降低交通事故的高发率”，然而，这却不是一个完整的汉语句子，必须根据上下文增补主语，才符合汉语表达习惯。应译为：政府必须采取法律措施来降低交通事故的高发率。 （三）隐形被动语态 More probable is transported by birds,either externally,by accidental attachment of the seeds to feather,or internally,by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent of the seeds.

英语被动语态的翻译举例

英语被动句的翻译举例 英语被动句翻译为汉语时，应根据具体情况灵活掌握。 1. 用“被”、“由”、“受（到）”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……（给）”、 “是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如： 1）The door was mended by him. 门被他修好了。/ 门叫（让）他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。 2）He was praised（表扬）. But we were criticized（批评；责备）. 3）The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为（被）许多人所使用。 4）The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。 2. 借助句中的状语等做主语，译成汉语的主动句。例如： 1）All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket. 在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或：那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。 2）Table tennis is played all over China. 中国各地都打乒乓球。 3．按照英语句子的主谓顺序，译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如： 1）His homework has just been done. 他的家庭作业刚做完。 2）The food has been eaten up. 食物已吃光了。 4．成汉语的无主句。例如： 1）Soon the news was received. 不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为：不久那个消息就收到了。 2）After a while, many people were seen to run out. 过来一会儿，看到许多人跑了出来。 5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。 例如： 1）He was seen to take the book. 有人看见他拿走了那本书。 2）Air is known to be a mixture of gases. 人们（大家，我们）都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。 3）She is said to know nothing about it. 据说她对这件事什么也不知道。 4）It is said that …. 据说…… It is well known that …. 大家知道……；众所周知…… It is believed that …. 有人相信…… It will be said that…. 有人（将）会说…… It was reported that…据报道…… 6. 改译成主动句。例如： 1）A new dress was made for me by my mother. 我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。 2）I was given many nice presents on my birthday. 在我的生日那天，我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。

八年级上英语汉译英专项练习及答案

新版人教八年级上英语汉译英专项练习（方芳整理） Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 1.这是我第一次到那儿。 It was my _________ __________ there. 2.你认为它怎么样？ How did you ________ it? = What________ you _________ __________ it ? 3.我实现在没有看到我喜欢的东西。 I really didn’t see __________ I __________. 4.一天的差异多么大啊! What a ___________ a day ____________! 5.然而没有人看起来很厌倦。 Still ______ _______ seemed to be bored. 6.我想知道在过去这儿的生活是什么样子。 I __________ what life __________ like here ________ __________ _________. 7.一切都棒极了。 ______________ was great 8.晚上除了读书以外无事可做。 There was _____________ much _______ _______ in the evening but __________. 9.雨下得很大。 It was ____________ __________. 10.由于这个坏天气，我们不能看见下面的任何东西。 ___________ ________ the bad weather, we ________ see anything ________. 11.因为我是如此的饿，食物尝起来很好。 The food tasted great __________ I _________ so hungry! 12.但是，第二天就没有那样好了。 But the __________ day was not _______ good. 13.从山顶上看，这个城市棒极了。 The city looked ___________ from the _________ of the hill. 14.我们没有带伞，所以，我们全身又湿又冷。 We didn’t have an ___________ so we _____________ wet and cold. Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 1.我不能忍受牛奶I can’t ____________ milk. 2.下面就是结果Here ____________ the _____________. 3.我们发现仅仅百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。 We _______ that only fifteen ________ _____ our _________ exercise ______ day. 4.我们都知道很多学生经常上网，我们很吃惊他们中有百分之九十的人每天上 网。 We _____ know that many students ________ go _______, we were ________ that ninety percent of them _________ the __________ every day. 5.虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏节目依然是最受欢迎的。 ________ many students _____ _____ watch sports, game shows ______ _______ ______ _________. 6.通过上网或看游戏节目来放松很好，但是我们认为最好的放松方法还是通过锻 炼。 It is good to __________ by _________ the Internet or ________ game shows, but we _________ the __________ way ________ relax is ___________ ___________. 7.对思想和身体都很健康。 It’s _________ _______ the mind and the body. 8.开始锻炼，为时不晚。 So _________ _________ _________ it’s too late! 9.旧习难改。 Old ___________ die __________. Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 1.Sam 的头发比Tom的长 Sam ______ _________ hair than ______. = Sam’s hair ______ longer than ______. 2.现在的我比两年前更高了。 I’m ________ now than I ________ 2 years ago I __________ __________ 2 years ago than I ________ now. 3.现在的我比两年前学习更努力了。 I _________ ___________ now than I _________ 2 years ago. 4.两年前的我比现在学习更努力。 I __________ __________ 2 years ago than I _________ now. 5.谁更聪明，你的老爸还是老妈？ Who is __________, your mother or your father? 6.妈妈告诉我好朋友像一面镜子。

最新综合英语第二版第二册-U1-u7课后翻译

UNIT1 1. For some,it was a matter of geography---not just which tower they worked in or on which floor,but in which corner of the building. 对有些人来说，生死攸关的是此时此刻他们所在的位置——不仅是哪幢楼，哪一层，更重要的是大楼的哪个角落。 2. In the noise, smoke and sparks, Mayblum didn't realize that his friend Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time. 周围噪声震耳，烟雾弥漫，火星四溅，梅布勒姆没有意识到，他的朋友朱虹始终就在他身后的楼梯井里。 3. piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape: Harry was on the 87 when the plane hit. 她一点一点地拼出了哈里逃生的场景：飞机撞击时，他正在87层。 4. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor 但是，尽管她绞尽了脑汁，问了无数问题，她拼出的场景还是在第36层上逐渐模糊了 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。( illusion ) Thanks to modern technology , the film about that ancient battlegives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来（devastate） That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived . 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。（fill with） The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake . 4.那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。（leave behind ）In that earthquake , we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives . 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。（off and on ） The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558 ,but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money 6.1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with ） In 1980, when I met up with her , she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree . 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。（find one’s way to） It was my first visit to New York , but Imanaged to find my way to the small firm . 8.在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。( make up ) It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry , but as a director Xie Jin did it . UNIT 2 1.Middle-aged folks work out in gym and jog down the street, trying to delay the effects of age. 中年人在体育馆锻炼身体 2.The most unsettling aspect of youth is the uncertainty you feel about your values, goals, and dreams. 青年人最不稳定的因素是他们对价值、目标、梦想的不确定。 3.I can make a speech in front of a town meeting or complain in a store because I am no longer terrified that people will laugh at me; I am no longer anxious that everyone must like me. 镇上开会我可以大胆发言 4.I no longer blame my parents for my every personality quirk or keep a running score of everything they did wrong raising me. 我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母 1、如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人,尽管还不富裕,但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。 Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2、当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后,他们的婚姻终于破裂了。 Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3、那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感,在农村住了三年,放弃了生活上的许多享受。 For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.