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Unit 1 The Sea Gypsies

Unit 1 The Sea Gypsies
Unit 1 The Sea Gypsies

Unit 1 The Sea Gypsies

●It was Christmas night in the United States a year ago that a giant wave of Tsunami hit South Aisa. It swept away at least 200,000 Indonesians, Sri Lankans, Thais and tourists from around the world on their Christmas vacations. But there?s one group who live precisely where the tsunami hit hardest who suffered no casualties at all. They are the sea gypsies of the Andaman Sea, or as they call themselves, the Moken.

They?ve lived for hundreds of years on the islands off the coast of Thailand and Burma. As reported last March, they are, of all the peoples of the world, among the least touched by modern civilization. And miraculously they survived the tsunami because they knew it was coming.

It's their intimacy with the sea that s aved them. They?re born on the sea, live on the sea, die on the sea. They know its moods and motions better than any marine biologist. They're nomads, constantly moving from island to island, living more than six months a year on their boats.

At low tide, they collect sea cucumbers and catch eels. At high tide, they dive for shellfish. And they've been living this way for so many generations that they've become virtually amphibious. Kids learn to swim before they can walk. Underwater, they can see twice as clearly as the rest of us, and by lowering their heart rate, can stay underwater twice as long. They are truly sea urchins.

This old man decided he wanted to fish for breakfast. It was a pufferfish. If it's not cut properly, it can kill you. The Moken cut it properly.

●We found this Moken village on an island two hours by speedboat from the coast of Thailand. It had become something of an exotic tourist Mecca before the tsunami. A Bangkok movie star and amateur photographer named Aun was here on December 26, taking pictures of Moken village life, when someone noticed the sea receding into the distance.

Correspondent:“How far?”

Aun:“Like...you see the blue one?”

Correspondent:“Yes.”

Aun: “Can you see the blue water? You didn?t see any water.”

Correspondent:“No kidding. You could walk all the way out there?”

Aun:“Yeah.”

Aun continu ed taking pictures. They show ed the Moken on the beach crying.

Correspondent:“Did you have any idea why they were crying?”

Aun:“I feel like they know what bad will happen, but I don?t know how much bad.”

And Aun?s pictures showed the Moken fleeing towards higher ground long before the first wave struck. Aun:“The first water, just come like..., over here.”

Correspondent:“The water got that high?”

Aun:“Yeah...”

And that was just the first wave. The worst was yet to come, as the Moken knew because of signs from the sea.

It wasn?t only the sea that was acting strangely. It was the animals, too. On the mainland, elephants started stampeding toward higher gro und. Off Thailand?s coast, divers noticed dozens of dolphins swimming for deeper water, And on these islands, the cicadas, which are usually so loud, suddenly went silent.

And the silence was heard by Saleh Kalathalay, that skilled spear-fisherman who was on a different part of the island. He ran around warning everyone.

Correspondent:“When you told people in the village, you said something was wrong, did they believe you?”Kalathalay:“The young people called me a liar. I said, …we?ve told the story of th e wave since the old times,? but none of the kids believed me. I grabbed my daughter by the hand and said, …Child, get out of here, or you?ll die!? She said, …You?re a liar, father, you?re drunk.? I hadn?t had a drop to drink.”

Saleh brought the skeptics t o the water?s edge, where they, too, saw the signs. Eventually, everyone, the Moken and the tourists, climbed to higher ground and were saved. But the village itself? There?s nothing left. Correspondent:“Why do you think the tsunami happened?”

Kalathalay:“The wave is created by the spirit of the sea. The Big Wave had not eaten anyone for a long time, and it want ed to taste them again.”

Correspondent:“Do you think that they consider themselves very unlucky because their village was destroyed or lucky beca use they survived?”

Hinshiranan: “I think they just take it as a matter of fact.”

Dr Narumon Hinshiranan is an anthropologist, one of the very few who speaks the Moken language. Correspondent: “Tell me what is it in you mind that permitted the Moken to know that the tsunami was coming?”

Hinshiranan: “The water receded very fast and one wave, one small wave, came so they recognized that is not ordinary. And then they have this kind of legend that passed from generations to generations about seven

waves.”

It?s a legend recited around campfires,bearing an astonishing resemblance to what actually happened on December 26. They call it the Laboon—the wave that eats people and it?s brought on by the angry spirits of the ancestors. Before it com es, the sea rece des. Then the waters flood the earth, destroy it, and make it clean again.

●Correspondent: “So basically, this tsunami myth is that the world is reborn after it is covered with

water.”

Ivanoff:“Yes.”

Correspondent: “So, we?re back to ***the Biblical flood.”

Ivanoff: “Yes.”

●French anthropologist Jacques Ivanoff is the world?s foremost authority on the Moken and has been living with them on and off for more than 20 years. We joined him on a voyage of discovery, who was going to the Moken islands off the coast of Burma,***a military dictatorship closed to the outside world. There?d been no news of what had happened to these Moken since the tsunami.

Correspondence:“We knew that the Moken survived the tsunami, the Moken in Thailand survived. We really don?t know for sur e what happened in Burma, don?t we?”

Ivanoff: “Nobody can know, because no information gets out of Burma. Everybody has to say nothing happened.*** That means the tsunami stopped at the border —that?s it, finished, end of the story.”

Ivanoff?s boat, a converted cargo ship called “the Moken Queen” *** could have sailed right off the pages of Joseph Conrad. The captain was called “Long Ear,” the crew all Burmese, the deck shrouded in nets to protect us from malarial mosquitoes.

*** All sense of time of the 21st century seemed to evaporate into the tropical night air as we probed farther and farther into what often seemed to be the heart of darkness.

Correspondent:***“It?s really difficult to get more remote than this, isn?t it?”

Ivanoff: “***Not the best part of the story. You are outside of everywhere. You are nowhere, in fact.”

And at dawn, two Moken boats came out of nowhere. They invited us down. The Moken on the two boats hadn?t seen each other since the tsunami and started exchanging tales of survival. *** While the Moken off Thailand had been on dry ground, these Moken in Burmese waters had been in their boats, at sea.

A Moken Man: “The water had such unbelievable strength. It was swirling like a whirlpool as if it was boiling

and coming from the depths of the earth.”

Like their Thai cousins, these Moken also knew what to do. Since they were at sea, they made for deeper

water and were spared. Others, like some Brumese fishermen near them, were not.

Correspondent:“Wh en you can, I wanna ask him a question, which is, how come he knew something was wrong, and the Burmese fishermen did not? They weren?t Burmese businessmen; they were fishermen. They should know the sea, too. ”

A Moken Man: “They were collecting squid; they were not looking at anything. they saw nothing, they looked at

nothing. They don?t know how to look. Suddenly, everything rose up. Their boats were thrown up in the air.

The violence was unbelievable”

When we got to shore, we talked to a family of Moken living on their boat on the beach. But during the tsunami, they?d also been at sea. We started by introducing ourselves.

Correspondent: “My name is Bob”

Moken man: “Bob, Bob, Bob, Bob.”

We came here to find out whether or not these people had survived tsunami. We wound up captivated by their culture. We had never seen anything like it.

Correspondent: “How old is this gentleman?”

Ivanoff: “He don?t [doesn?t] know.”

Correspondent: “Why, I mean, every, everyone we asked how old they are, the answer is the same----they don?t know? How do you explain that?”

Ivanoff: “Time is not the same concept as we have. You can?t say for instance, …When.? …When,? it doesn?t exist in Moken language.

Correspondent: “When? doesn?t exist, the word, the question …When? doesn?t exist?”

Ivanoff:“No, no.”

And Ivanoff says “when” is not the only word missing from the Moken language.

Ivanoff: “…Want?”

Correspondent: “…Want??”

Ivanoff: “Yes, you use it very often. Take that out of your language and you see how often you use it. …I want this,

I want that.?”

Correspondent: “There is no word for …want?.”

Ivanoff:“No , there is a word for …take?. You take something, you give or you take. You don?t want.”

The fact is, the Moken want very little. What they don?t want is to accumulate anything. Baggage is not good for a nomadic people .It ties you down. They have no notion and no desire for wealth. Remember Saleh, the spear fisherman, that was breakfast. He will think about lunch later on.

Correspondent:“Ok, there is no word for “when”, there is no word for “want” Anything else that we?ll be....?”Ivanoff: “No goodbye, No hello.”

Correspondent: “No goodbye or hello?”

Ivanoff: “Ahem, That?s quite difficult. You know, after...imagine after one year, you live with them, and then you go. You go.That?s it. Finished.”

No greetings. While we were on a Thai Moken island, a flotilla from Burma dropped by. They didn?t seem terribly excited by this. Visits from relatives, and they?re all relatives, happen all the time. And since there is no notion of time, it doesn?t matter if th e last visit was a week ago or five years ago. There?s just a constant commingling. And, in the wake of the tsunami, they?re all busy now, rebuilding their boats and their lives. Ivanoff: “And what I saw since the tsunami is yes, they take this opportunity, you know, to make the strong group stronger. For instance... You are sitting on his boat.”

Correspondent: “Is it OK with him?”

Ivanoff: “Yeah, no problem...

Correspondent:“But it?s just...he thought...he should point it out that he wanted to use the boa t?”

Ivanoff:“No, he wanted to work a bit on the boat, but...”

Correspondent: “But he doesn?t mind waiting?”

Ivanoff:“Of course not.”

Correspondent: “Are you sure it?s not a problem?”

Ivanoff: “I?m sure.”

But the Moken do have problems. The Burmese have turned some of their islands into military bases. The Thais are having them make trinkets for tourists, a trend which could ultimately threaten their way of life far more than any number of tsunamis. But the Moken don?t seem terribly worried by all this. Perhaps that?s because “worry” is just one more of those words which doesn?t [don?t] exist in their language.

能源概论课后习题带答案

第一章 ?1、人类面临的能源挑战的两大矛盾是什么? ?能源的有限供给与经济发展日益扩大的能源需求之间的矛盾。 ?能源的大量使用与环境形势日益加剧之间的矛盾。 ?2、对未来能源的要求是什么? ?未来将被广泛使用的新能源中,首先在能源总量上必须能满足人类对能源的整体需求水平。其次,将完全替代传统能源的新能源会遍布人类生活的每一个角落。 ?3、有可能成为人类社会的未来能源有哪些? ?从目前的发展态势看,氢能、太阳能、地热能及核能(聚变)将成为未来人类社会的主流能源。其中氢能包括:可燃冰、页岩气、煤层气、生物质能等。 ?4、能源和材料有什么关系? ?能源的发展离不开材料的支撑; ?世界能源消耗在持续增长,80%的能源来自于化石燃料,从长远来看,需要没有污染和可持续发展的新型能源来代替所有化石燃料,未来的清洁能源包括氢能、太阳能、地热能、核聚变能等。而解决能源问题的关键是能源材料的突破,无论是提高燃烧效率以减少资源消耗,还是开发新能源及利用可再生能源都与材料有着极为密切的关系 5、什么是合同能源管理? ?合同能源管理是一种新型的市场化节能机制。其实质就是以减少的能源费用来支付节能项目全部成本的节能业务方式。这种节能投资方式允许客户用未来的节能收益为工厂和设备升级,以降低运行成本;或者节能服务公司以承诺节能项目的节能效益、或承包整体能源费用的方式为客户提供节能服务。 第二章 1、何为能源?什么是二次能源? ?所谓能源,是指能够直接或经过转换而获取某种能量的自然资源 ?二次能源是由一次能源经过加工或转换得到的其他种类和形式的能源,包括煤气、焦炭、汽油、柴油、电力、蒸汽、核电等。一次能源无论经过几次转换所得到的另一种能源都被称为二次能源。二次能源比一次能源的利用更为有效、更为清洁、更为方便。 2、地球变暖的原因到底是什么? ?人类使用能源一天所放出的热量 =0.1 ?1016kJ; ?地球一天从太阳获得的热量 =1500 ?1016kJ。 ?太阳射向地球的光约1/3被云层、冰粒和空气分子反射回去; ?约25%穿过大气层时暂时被大气吸收起到增温作用,但以后又返回到太空; ?其余的大约37%则被地球表面吸收。这些被吸收的太阳辐射能大部分在晚间又重新发射到天空。 ?如果这部分热量遇到了阻碍,不能全部被反射出去,地球表面的温度就会升高。3、大气环境的三大问题包括哪些具体内容? 酸雨,臭氧层破坏,温室效应 4、什么是可持续发展?可持续发展的深刻内涵是什么? 指在保护环境的条件下既满足当代人的需求,又不损害后代人的需求的发展模式。

小学、初中英语词汇表(带读音)

Pep小学、初中英语词汇表(共619个单词) 名词n ,noun[naun] 形容词adj ,adjective['?d?iktiv] 数词num ,numeral['nu:m?r?l, 'nju:-] 代词pron ,pronoun['pr?unaun] 动词v ,verb[v?:b] 副词adv ,adverb['?dv?:b] 冠词art ,article['ɑ:tikl] 介词prep ,preposition[,prep?'zi??n] 连词conj ,conjunction[k?n'd???k??n] 感叹词int ,interjection[,?nt?'d?ek??n] a,[?n,?n]一(在元音字母前代替不定代词a) an, [?n,?n]一(在元音字母前代替不定代词a) about[?'baut](关于,大约), after['ɑ:ft?](之后), afternoon[,ɑ:ft?'nu:n](下午), again[?'ɡen, ?'ɡein]再一次, ago[?'ɡ?u]以前, air[??]空气,空中, v t. & vi. 晾晒, 烘干 all[?:l]全部, along[?'l??]沿着, 向前,往前 am, [?m]是(用于第一人称) and, [?nd, ?nd, ?n]和, 与, 及,然后,接着angry['??ɡri]生气的, 恶劣的, 狂怒的 animal['?nim?l]动物, 兽, 牲畜 answer['ɑ:ns?]回答,答案, ant[?nt]蚂蚁, any['eni]任何的, 一点, 一些 apple, ['?pl]苹果; 苹果树 April['eipr?l]四月, are, [ɑ:]是(用于二三人称的复数) ask[ɑ:sk问要求, 请求,at, August['?:ɡ?st]八月, aunt[ɑ:nt]阿姨,姑母, 姨母; 伯母, 婶母, 舅母auntie aunty['?nti:, 'ɑ:n-](aunt的昵称)伯母;婶母;姑母;姨母;舅母 autumn['?:t?m]秋天,秋季,成熟期, 渐衰期 B Back[b?k](后面), bad[b?d]坏的, bag[b?ɡ]包,书包, ball[b?:l]球, 舞会 banana[b?'nɑ:n?]香蕉, bank[b??k]银行,河岸, basketball['bɑ:skitb?:l]篮球, bathroom['bɑ:θrum]浴室, be, [bi:, bi][be to-v]表示必要、打算、可能性、假设等或用来表示将来安排 bean[bi:n]菜豆,豆 bear[b??]n熊, vt. & vi.1 承担, 负担 beautiful['bju:t?ful]美丽的,很好的 bed[bed]床, 河床,苗圃, 花坛 bee[bi:]蜜蜂, before[bi'f?:]conj以前, prep. (表示位置)在…前面 begin[bi'ɡin]开始, best[best]最好的, between[bi'twi:n]在….之间, big[biɡ]大的, 成功的,重要的, 重大的;bigger较大的;biggest 最大的 bike[baik]自行车, bird[b?:d]鸟, birthday['b?:θdei]生日, black[bl?k]黑色的, blackboard['bl?kb?:d]黑板, blue[blu:]蓝色的, blow[bl?u]吹, boat[b?ut]小船, book[buk]书, 书籍账簿,vt. 1 登记, 记账 borrow['b?r?u]借,借入, boots[bu:ts]靴子, n擦靴人 bowl[b?ul]碗, 钵, 盘 box[b?ks]盒子,箱子, pencil['pens?l]铅笔, 彩色铅笔 pencil box文具盒, boy.[b?i]男孩, 少年 bread[bred]面包, 生计 breakfast['brekf?st]早餐, bright[brait]明亮的,聪明的, 愉快的,鲜艳的 bring[bri?]带来,造成,引起 brother['br?e?]兄弟, bus[b?s]公共汽车,巴士 but[b?t, b?t]但是, prep. 除…以外 buy[bai]买, 交易, 买卖 by[ba?]乘, 在…近旁; 在身边 bye[ba?]int.再见adj. 次要的 C Cake[keik]蛋糕, can[k?n, k?n]v能,会, n罐, 罐头 car[kɑ:]小汽车, 轿车 card[kɑ:d]卡, 纸牌, 扑克牌,办法, 手段, 妙计careful['k??ful]仔细的, 小心的 carry['k?ri]运,搬,提, 挑, 背 cartoon[kɑ:'tu:n]漫画, 动画片 cat[k?t], 猫 chair[t???]椅子, 大学教授职位 cheap[t?i:p]便宜的, 低俗的, 卑鄙的 cheese[t?i:z]奶酪, chess[t?es]国际象棋, chick[t??k]小鸡, 少妇 chicken['t?ikin]鸡肉, child[t?aild]孩子, 儿童,子女 children['t??ldr?n]孩子们, chocolate['t??k?lit]巧克力, city['siti]城市,都市,全城居民 class[klɑ:s]班级, 阶级, 社会阶级 classroom['klɑ:sru:m]教室, clean[kli:n]干净的,打扫, 正派的, 正大光明的clear[kli?]清晰的, 清白的,畅通的 clearly['kl??l?]明朗地,明确地,明亮地 clever['klev?]聪明的, 灵巧的, 精巧的 climb[klaim]爬, 上升, 增长 clock[kl?k]钟, 挂钟;watch [w?t?] 手表,看,观察close[kl?uz]关, 终结, 结束 clothes[kloz, kloez]衣服, coat[k?ut]外套, coffee['k?fi]咖啡, 咖啡豆 coin[k?in]硬币, cold[k?uld]寒冷, heat[hi:t] 高温, 炎热 have a cold感冒, colour['k?l?]颜色, 脸色, 气色,肤色 come[k?m]来, come back回来, come out出来, come to school来到学校, computer[k?m'pju:t?]电脑, 计算机

【名师推荐】2018新能源汽车概论答案 (1)

重庆市农业机械化校 2018 年(春) 《新能源汽车概论》期末考试题答案
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