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人教版新课标必修4 Unit 3全单元精讲讲义(附练习答案)

人教版新课标必修4 Unit 3全单元精讲讲义(附练习答案)
人教版新课标必修4 Unit 3全单元精讲讲义(附练习答案)

Unit 3 A taste of English humour

Ⅰ. 要点导读

1. Perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than ourselves. (P17) content (1)adj.“满足的;满意的”,be content to do“乐意去做某事”;be content with sb / sth“对某人或某事感到满意”,相当于be pleased with或be satisfied with。eg: I’m content to help you to set up a website on the Internet.

Those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.

(2) v.“使满足”

(3) n.“满足;心满意足”,也可表示“(书、报纸等的)内容;目录;含量”。

eg: My explanation seemed to content him.

Now she began to live in peace and content.

We've discussed the unusual form of the book — now, what about the content?

worse off是badly off的比较级,意思是“境况比……更差”;better off意为“境况比……好”。

eg: To my surprise, I found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.

With the development of economy, more and more people are better off.

2.However, some actors can astonish us with the deep feelings they can inspire in us for a character they are playing. (P17) astonish vt.“使大为吃惊;使惊异”,比surprise程度强,比shock程度弱。

eg: I was astonished to hear that the professor had broken down because of his hard work.

I was astonished by how much she'd grown.

(1) astonishing adj.“令人惊异的”

eg: The astonishing news made the world astonished, and a great many people expressed their opinions on the Internet.

(2) astonished adj.指(某人) 处于惊异、吃惊状况,常用be astonished at sth

eg: He was astonished at what Tom had said and done.

(3) astonishment n.“惊讶”,可用to one’s astonishment表示“使某人吃惊的是”。

eg: To my astonishment, she still remembered my birthday.

3.He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce. (P17)

particular adj.“专指的;特别的;格外的;不寻常的”,be particular about / over sth“对某事很讲究/ 很挑剔”,in particular “特别地”。eg: There was nothing in the newspaper of particular importance.

I'm not particular about my clothes; I don't mind what I wear.

He talked about the ball games in general and talked about football in particular.

What in particular did you like about the last apartment that we saw?

4. He played a poor and homeless person, who wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat and carried

a walking stick. (P18)

worn-out adj. (1)“磨损的;损坏的;穿破的(用坏的以至完全无用的)”。

eg: Since your shoes are worn-out, why not buy another pair?

(2)“筋疲力尽的;耗尽的”,相当于be tired out。

eg: He was worn-out after the long journey.

5. This character was a social failure but he was loved by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people were unkind to him. (P18)

failure“失败”时,是不可数名词;意为“失败者;失败的事”时,是可数名词。

eg: As we all know, failure is the mother of success.

At last, he was a great success, while she was a failure.

To our disappointment, the party turned out to be a failure.

overcome v.“控制(感情);克服(困难);征服;战胜”,可用于to overcome difficulties / obstacles / problems / resistance 等。eg: He made great efforts to overcome the difficulty.

They succeeded to overcome the tallest mountain in the world.

fail还可作动词,意为“失败;不及格;无法做到”,可用fail to do sth或fail in doing sth。

eg: I failed to persuade him to give up smoking.

= I failed in persuading him to give up smoking.

6. The film is set in California in the middle of the nineteenth century when gold was discovered and thousands of people rushed there in search of it. (P18)

in search of“寻找”,类似的词组有:in the / a / one’s search for/of,make a search for / of,在这三个短语中search是名词。eg: Today, many countryside people have rush to the city in search of good jobs.

The researchers are in their search for the animals which they want to experiment with.

注意:in search of 中of不可换用for。

search还可以是作动词,意为“搜寻”,search 的宾语是寻找的东西所在的处所,即search someplace for sth,意为“搜查某地找……”。eg: They searched the building for the robber.

He searched his pockets for some change.

而search sb for sth“搜某人身以找到某物”eg: He searched the boy for the lost pen.

search after / for = look for = hunt for“到处寻找”eg: People who are searching after inner peace sometimes turn to religion.

7. They wash sand from the river in a pan of water, and expect to pick up gold, but they have been not fortunate enough to find any. (P18)

pick up (1) 拾起;拿起eg: He picked up his hat and went out.

(2) 在中途搭载承载(乘客、货物等) eg: The bus stopped to pick up passengers.

(3) (偶然地)发现,得到,购买;学得,得到(知识、利益)

eg: I picked up the book in a lonely place.

She picked up French very quickly in France.

When you live in a country, you soon pick up the language.

(4)恢复,使恢复eg: I believe he will pick up by the seaside.

(5) 接收,收听(广播) eg: It is easy to pick up the programme clearly through my radio.

pick out“选好;选出;认出;看清楚”eg: Have you picked out the movie you want to see?

Can you pick out your brother out from that group of people?

8. Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe, treating it as if it were the finest meat.(P18)

cut off (1) 切下来;剪下来eg: He cut off piece of cloth and wrapped the wound.

(2) 切断;停掉;使电话中断

eg: They’ve cut off the water temporarily because they are repairing one of the main pipes.

It was dangerous that our food and water supply were cut off at that time.

We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.

Because I failed to pay the telephone bill, the telephone operator cut us off.

Ⅱ热点语法:动词-ing分词(2)

1、作表语:eg: His hobby is collecting stamps.

The problem is quite puzzling.

2、作定语:

①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面:eg: reading room;swimming pool;dining car

②-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面,也相当于一个定语从句。

eg: Who is the comrade standing by the door?

They lived in a house facing south.

③–ing分词还可以作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,常用逗号和句子其它部分分开。

eg: The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.

When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy.

3、作宾补:

①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一

个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语,作宾语补语。

eg: I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.

Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.

②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态,这时,-ing分词可看成是主语补语。

eg: We were kept waiting for quite a long time.

July was never heard singing that song again.

语法专练:

1. Peter received a letter just now his grandma would come to see him soon.

A. said

B. says

C. saying

D. to say

2. It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far this year.

A. finding

B. being found

C. to find

D. found

3. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice him.

A. calling

B. called

C. being called

D. to call

4. Please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop.

A. to seat

B. to be seated

C. seating

D. seated

5. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can.

A. speak

B. speaking

C. spoken

D. to speak

6. I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?

A. burning

B. burnt

C. being burnt

D. to be burnt

7. ---Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

---Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down.

A. filled

B. filling

C. to fill

D. being filled

8. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period.

A. improved

B. improving

C. to improve

D. improve

9. My parents have always made me about myself, even when I was twelve.

A. feeling well

B. feeling good

C. feel well

D. feel good

10. The Town Hall in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.

A. to be completed

B. having been completed

C. completed

D. being completed

11. There is such a Chinese saying ―Pleasing everybody is nobody‖.

A. pleasing

B. pleased

C. to please

D. pleases

12. The news that our team had won was so that you could see faces everywhere in the town.

A. exciting; smiling

B. excited; smiled

C. exciting; smiled

D. excited; smiling

13. Sheila was the first the bad news and felt very .

A. hearing; disappointing

B. hearing; disappointed

C. to hear; disappointing

D. to hear; disappointed

14. ---Have you seen my pet dog this morning?

---Yes. I saw it the fence and away with another dog.

A. climbed; ran

B. climbed; run

C. climb; run

D. climbing; running

15. When he awoke, he found himself by an old woman.

A. looked after

B. being looked after

C. to look after

D. looking after

16. ---I heard someone you just now.

---Really? But I didn’t hear my name at all.

A. calling; calling

B. calling; called

C. called; called

D. called; calling

17. Their decision the experiment surprised us.

A. to give up

B. giving up

C. gave up

D. given up

18. There was a terrible noise the sudden burst of light.

A. followed

B. following

C. to be followed

D. being followed

19. The airline company was the first smokefree flight six years ago.

A. introduced

B. to introduce

C. having introduced

D. introducing

20. The large building down the street will be a hospital.

A. built

B. having built

C. being built

D. to build

21. The lady scolded the boy caught and let him off.

A. to have stolen

B. to be stealing

C. to steal

D. stealing

22. It was very cold this morning, but it seems at the present time.

A. to warm up

B. to be warming up

C. to have warmed up

D. warming up

23. ---Why did he refuse to have another try?

---Repeated failure had left him down.

A. feeling

B. to feel

C. feel

D. feels

24. When the first English settlers arrived in the New World, the Indians jewellery made of animal bones

greeted them warmly.

A. wearing

B. to wear

C. worn

D. having worn

25. I won’t have you such things about my sister again and again.

A. to say

B. say

C. said

D. saying

Ⅲ. 综合训练

一、基础测试

A、根据中文或首字母提示,填写所缺单词的适当形式

1. By the end of February schools are opened t________ the country.

2. He is a f________ as an artist, but a success as an art teacher.

3. If we work with a strong will, we can o________ any difficulty, no matter how great it is.

4. He had great d________ in getting the work done within a week.

5. They sent the enemy ship to the b________ of the sea.

6. I’m so full that I couldn’t eat another m________.

7. Hundreds of people leave their villages hoping to gain their f________ in cities.

8. A m________ country is one in which there are many mountains.

9. I found it ________ (令人惊讶的) that the young player beat the chess master in the game.

10. I still remember her ________ (特别的) way of smiling.

11. My family ________ (款待) him as an honored guest.

12. Elizabeth Fry helped to improve prison conditions and gave the ________ (无家可归的) work and education.

13. After graduating from Peking University, he was ________ (幸运的) in having a good job.

14. I lived in an area of ________ (显著的) natural beauty.

15. A million dollars is a v________ amount of money.

B、请从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语,并用其正确形式填空

1. She is ________ her job at the moment.

2. We shouldn’t be unhappy about being ________ — many families are much worse off than we are.

3. It’s easy to ________ my car from others in the parking place; it has an advertisement of Toshiba TV on the back of it.

4. Several months ago Harbin ________ its water supply for four days because of pollution fear in Songhua River, which is Harbin’s main water source.

5. She has ________ some thirty films in all her life.

6. The boy rode very fast and ________ an old man.

7. She ________ into the room not wanting to wake the baby.

8. Anyone who likes watching people suffer is ________.

9. These cars are ________ and must be replaced.

10. When water ________, it changes into steam.

11. Do everything step by step, and don’t bite off more than you can ________.

12. His boss was out on business and couldn’t come back in time, so ________ him to call off the meeting.

13. Daniel Radcliffe, who plays Harry Potter, attended the premiere Sunday Evening along with other cast members including

Machael Gambon, who ________ as the kindly Albums Dumbledore.

14. The ________ of the ship made many people seasick.

15. In a low voice, she ________ to me that someone was sliding into the room.

16. There is no ________ in going by boat when the plane is just as cheap and much quicker.

二、单项选择

1. To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ________ into parts.

A. down

B. up

C. off

D. out

2. He tried his best to solve the problem, ________ difficult it was.

A. however

B. no matter

C. whatever

D. although

3. The picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can ________ my father.

A. find out

B. pick out

C. look out

D. speak out

4. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson ________.

A. cut in

B. cut down

C. cut out

D. cut up

5. The prize of the game show is $ 30,000 and all expenses ________ vacation to China.

A. paying

B. paid

C. to be paid

D. being paid

6. His novel is a great success and it is well ___________.

A. received

B. accepted

C. picked

D. popular

7. Last summer my cousin took me to Stonehenge, tourist attraction in Britain.

A. a second more popularly

B. the second more popular

C. a second most popularly

D. the second most popular

8. The most popular food for foreigners ________ on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.

A. include

B. including

C. to include

D. included

9. ________ lessons were not difficult.

A. Our few first short English

B. Our first few short English

C. Our few first English short

D. Few our first English short

10. In the middle of the room stands a _______ table.

A. beautiful wooden round

B. round wooden beautiful

C. wooden round beautiful

D. beautiful round wooden

11. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _______ my father.

A. find out

B. pick out

C. look out

D. speak out

12. They were thirsty, so they went ______ something to drink.

A. looked for

B. in search for

C. found

D. in search of

13. The citizens didn’t feel safe at all after several families had their houses ____ at night and a lot of things stolen.

A. broken into

B. broken in

C. to be broken into

D. breaking into

14. Time should be made good use _______ our lessons well.

A. of learning

B. to learn

C. to learning

D. of to learn

15. The meeting was put off, _______ was exactly _______ we wanted.

A. it; that

B. as; that

C. which; what

D. which; which

16. --- What will happen if I smoke here?

--- Anyone ________ here will be punished.

A. seen smoking

B. seeing smoke

C. seeing smoking

D. seen smoke

17. In order to improve her English, .

A. Jenny's father bought her a lot of tapes

B. Jenny bought a lot of tapes for herself

C. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny

D. a lot of tapes were bought by Jenny's father

18. --- How do you find the lecture by Mr. Lee?

--- _________________.

A. It’s a fine day

B. Very boring

C. In the conference hall

D. By bicycle

19. --- Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?

--- Yes. He had never praised him ___________ he became one of the top students in his grade.

A. after

B. unless

C. until

D. when

20. --- Do you mind my sitting next to you?

--- _____________.

A. Yes, do it please

B. No, you can’t do it

C. No, of course not

D. Yes, sit here please

三、完形填空

Ebron James isn't the first high school basketball player to go straight into the NBA, but he's probably the best. He has the body, skills and the basketball brain of an All-Star (全明星球员).

This 21 was on 22 as he scored 41 points to take Cleveland Cavaliers (克里夫兰骑士队) to a 107-104 win over the New Jersey Nets (新泽西网队) on March 28. Aged of 19 years and 87 days, James became the 23 player to score 40 or more in the NBA.

"It was by far James' best 24 ," said Cleveland coach Paul Silas.

Known to his friends 25 "the king", this was the day James earned his crown (王冠). But he was 26 from being a king during a childhood spent in the back streets of Akron, Ohio. 27 many other African-American basketball players, James' early years were a 28 . His mother Gloria was just 16 when she gave birth to him; he knows nothing about his father. Mother and son battled for everything from food to a place to live. 29 help from his grandmother and neighbours, James would 30 have died when he was young.

This spirit of survival has served him well on court, forcing him to take any 31 he finds. "I 32 losing, I don't like losing," said James of his 41-point display. "I 33 the opportunity for us to win and I was 34 to capture it." At 2.03 metres, he is no Yao Ming but this didn't 35 him being first choice in 2003 NBA draft. This was 36 to his strength and skill, much of which he learned from high school American football.

Although he has a 37 brain, James has never had to concentrate on 38 . Some people think this is a mistake and say he should have gone to college to 39 his mind. But James is one of the lucky few who has found fame and fortune 40 a diploma (文凭). On the court, he is king.

21. A. action B. performance C. activity D. talent

22. A. sale B. exhibition C. show D. duty

23. A. oldest B. strongest C. tallest D. youngest

24. A. performance B. lesson C. action D. appearance

25. A. for B. as C. by D. with

26. A. well B. far C. deep D. late

27. A. As B. Like C. Likely D. Alike

28. A. fight B. struggle C. battle D. war

29. A. Except for B. Except C. Besides D. Without

30. A. certainly B. impossible C. hardly D. probably

31. A. goal B. game C. match D. chance

32. A. hate B. refuse C. object D. reject

33. A. grasped B. seized C. caught D. held

34. A. afraid B. unlucky C. able D. certain

35. A. keep B. forbid C. protect D. stop

36. A. according B. referring C. thanks D. sticking

37. A. fast B. quick C. high D. top

38. A. studying B. resting C. sleeping D. eating

39. A. advance B. march C. increase D. develop

40. A. apart from B. but C. except D. without

四、阅读理解

Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects.

Located on the shore of Sullivan's Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped (立方体形状的) beach house was built to replace one smashed (破碎) to pieces by Hurricane Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state.

Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement(执行)of building codes wasn't strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo's wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivan's Island should be able to survive Category 3 hurricanes with peak (最高点的) winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour.

At first sight, the house on Sullivan's Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell (外形) makes it look like "a large party lantern (灯笼)" at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving (蒙蔽). The house's wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.

To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings (木桩) - long, slender columns of wood anchored (锚) deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure (不安全的), but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also lift up the house above storm surges (波涛).The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. "These swells of water come ashore at fantastic speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings," said Huff.

Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially hidden by the house's ground-to-roof shell. "The shell masks (掩饰) the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pant legs pulled up," said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.

41. After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline are required .

A. to be easily reinforced

B. to look smarter in design

C. to meet stricter building standards

D. to be designed in the shape of cubes

42. The award-winning beach house is quite strong because________.

A. it is strengthened by steel rods

B. it is made of redwood

C. it is in the shape of a shell

D. it is built with timber and concrete

43. The main function of the shell is _______ .

A. to strengthen the pilings of the house

B. to give the house a better appearance

C. to protect the wooden frame of the house

D. to slow down the speed of the swelling water

44. It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be ________.

A. funny-looking

B. waterproof

C. easily breakable

D. extremely strong

五.短文改错

假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加,删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

It is important for everyone to keep good eyesight. But do you know how protect your eyesight?

First, don't keep your eyes work for a long time. You could better have a rest by looking in the long distance before you have studied an hour or so. Second, pay attention to the following: Don't read under the sun or in a poor light; don't read in a bed or in a

moved bus. And when you read, you should keep the book away from your eyes for about a foot. And third, do eye exercises every day, that will also help you keep good eyesight.

If you obey the rule above, I think, you can protect against your eyesight.

六、书面表达

英语中有一句人人皆知的谚语:"All work and no play make Jack a dull boy."请你根据自己的经验和体会,以On Recreation为题,写一篇词数为120左右的文章,叙述一下娱乐的重要性。可从以下几个方面论述:

1. 没有充分的休息和体育活动,不可能保持身体健康;

2. 学生学习之余,可以从事各种各样的娱乐活动。许多人喜欢听音乐,看电视,但因为我们在室内呆的时间太长,

用眼太多,所以最好能选择一些能加强肌肉运动的活动,如打篮球、踢足球、打乒乓球、游泳、跑步等;

3. 大脑的活动需要经常调剂才能保持灵敏,活跃。

答案:

语法专练:

1—5 CDADC 6—10 ABADC 11—15 AADCB 16—20 BABBC 21—25 DBAAD

参考答案

单词拼写

1. throughout

2. failure

3. overcome

4. difficulty

5. bottom

6. mouthful

7. fortune

8. mountainous

9. astonishing 10. particular

11. entertained 12. homeless 13. fortunate 14. outstanding 15. vast

选词填空

1. content with

2. badly off

3. pick out

4. cut off

5. starred in

6. knocked into

7. slid

8. cruel

9. worn-out10. boils

11. chew 12. directed 13. stars 14. swing 15. whispered 16. sense

单项选择

1-5 AABAB 6-10 ADDBD 11-15 BDADC 16-20 ABBCC

三、完形填空(每小题1分,满分20分)

21—25 DCDAB 26—30 BBBDD 31—35 DABCD 36—40 CBADD

重点解析:

22. 3月28日当他带领克里夫兰骑士队以107:104击败新泽西网队时这种能力显示了出来,在这场比赛中他一人独得41分。这种能力指上文所提的全明星球员在身体、技术和智力方面的综合素质。

23. 由上文提到的19岁87天反推该空强调James 年纪轻。

24. 一场比赛个人得分过40分或更多是一种好的表现。

25. known as,"作为......是有名的",符合题意。

26. 由下文介绍的童年时期不幸生活反推,那时他还远不是一个球王。

27. 分析语境可知,该空表"像......一样",应填Like。

28. 由下文所介绍的童年不幸生活反推,James的童年生活是一种挣扎。

30. 没有祖母和邻居的帮助,James也许很小的时候就死了。

31. take any chance,"利用机会",符合题意。

32. 下文的don't like暗示该空应填hate。

33. seize the opportunity,"抓住机会",与语境逻辑相符。

34. 分析语境可知,该空表"能够",应填able。

35. stop sb. (from) doing sth.,"阻止某人做某事",符合题意。若将stop 改为keep,from不可省,所以A错误。

36. 分析语境可知,该空表"多亏了",应填thanks。

37. 强调"聪明的、反应快的",应用quick,而不用fast。

38. 下文的college暗示该空应填studying。

39. 上大学的目的是开发智力,因此该空应填develop。

40. James成了没有文凭而成名的幸运者。

四、阅读理解

41—44 CABC

重点解析:

41.从第三段Before Hugo, many n ew houses along South Caroluna’s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement(执行)of building codes wasn't strict… In Hugo's wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes.可以看出。

42.这是一道事实理解题,从第三段The house's wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.可知。

44. 从最后一句话In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, 可以判断。

五、短文改错

1. how∧protect: to

2. work→working

3. could→had

4. before→after

5. under→in

6. in a bed

7. moved→moving

8. that→which

9. rule→rules

[解析] 3. had better do sth:最好做什么。5. in the sun:在阳光下。7. a moving car:行驶中的汽车。

六、书面表达(满分15分)

One possible version:

On Recreation

It is impossible for us to keep fit unless we often take part in activities of recreation.

There are various kinds of games in our daily life after study, for example, listening to music, watching TV, playing chess, going to the cinema. But I think we'd better have more outdoor activities to supply our muscles with exercise because we usually sit too long in our classroom, and our eyes and brain get tired. So it's a good idea to play basketball, football, table tennis, go swimming and do some running, even go for a picnic.

Our brain also needs changes to make it smart and active. Remember the old saying, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy."

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