05英语真题

2005年MBA英语真题

Section I Vocabulary

Directions:

Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD. ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(10points)

1．Advertisersoftenaimtheircampaignsatyoungpeopleastheyhaveconsiderablespending______.

A．powerB．forceC．energyD．ability

2．We’veboughtsome_______chairsforthegardensothattheyareeasytostoreaway.

A．adaptingB．adjustingC．bendingD．folding

3． Thenewspeedrestrictionswerea__debatedissue.

A．heavilyB．hotlyC．deeplyD．profoundly

4．Hischangeofjobhas____himwithanewchallengeinlife

A．introducedB．initiatedC．presentedD．led

5．No________you’rehungryifyouhaven’teatensinceyesterday.

A．matterB．surpriseC．wonderD．problem

6．Thepianistplayedbeautifully,showingareal_______forthemusic.

A．feelingB．understandingC．appreciationD．sense

7．Theboss______intoarageandstartedshoutingatRoberttodoashewastold.

A．flewB．chargedC．rushedD．burst

8．Politiciansshouldneverlose_______oftheneedsofthepeopletheyrepresent

A．viewB．sightC．regardD．prospect

9．Theemployeestriedtosettlethedisputebydirect____withtheboss. A．negotiationB．connectionC．associationD．communication

10．Youhaven’theardallthefactssodon’t_____toconclusions.

A．dashB．jumpC．muchD．fly

11．Iam______awareoftheneedtoobeytherulesofthecompetition.

A．greatlyB．farC．muchD．well

12．Themanagerhasalwaysattendedtothe____ofimportantbusinesshimself. A．transactionB．solutionC．translationD．stimulation

13．Asisknowntoall,acountrygetsa(an)____fromtaxes. A．incomeB．revenueC．fundD．payment

14．Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoreduce____onallimports.

A．feeB．chargeC．tariffD．tuition

15．Theneedforfinancialprovision___notonlytoproducersbutalsotoconsumers. A．connectsB．linksC．associatesD．relates 16．Theabilityofbanktocreatedepositsisdeterminedbytheratioofliquidassetswhichthey___ A．mountB．containC．remainD．maintain

17．ThefirstseriousprospectofacureforAids,atreatmentwhichdelaysitseffects,haemergedrecently. A．otherthanB．ratherthanC．morethanD．lessthan

18．Hisparentsdiedwhenhewasyoung,sohewasbyhisgrandma.

A．bredB．broughtC．fedD．grown

19．TheJapanesedollar-buyingmakestraderseagertodollarsinfearofanothergovernmentintervention.

A．letinB．letoutC．letgoofD．letoff

20．Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwaytothedisasterofthewar.

A．shakeoffB．getoffC．putoffD．takeoff

SectionIIClose

Directions:

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebeston eandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(15points)

Afewdecadesago,theworldbankingcommunityinventednewElectronicFundsTransfer(EFT)systemstomovem oneymoreefficientlyacrosscountriesandaroundtheglobe.The___21__benefitofsuchsystemswasto__22___the floatofcapitalthatwasunavailablefor?__23__checkswerebeingclearedthroughbanking__24__.Today,weunde rstandthatbenefitsofelectronicbankingarefarmore_25__thanjustreducingfloatingcash.Theworldofbankin g__26__revolutionizeD．Itis__27_moreefficientandfaster,butmoreglobal.Andnow_28_theInternet,EFTsys temsareincreasingly__29__withthenewworldofe-commerceande-trade.

__30__1997and2003,EFTvalue__31__fromlessthan$50trilliontonearly$40trillion,morethanthe__32__e conomicproductofallthecountriesandterritoriesoftheentireworld.Thesestatistics__33__shouldemphasiz ethetrueimportanceoftransnationalEFTSatellite,wireless,andcable-basedelectronicfundtransfers_34__ thehubofglobalenterprise.Suchelectronic cashis_35__centraltotheideaofanemerging“worldwidemind.”W ithoutthesatelliteandfiberinfrastructuretosupporttheflowofelectronicfunds,theworldeconomywouldgri ndtoahalt.

21．A．hidingB．gettingC．drivingD．giving

22．A．introduceB．reduceC．produceD．increase

23．A．whichB．thatC．whileD．where

24．A．mechanicsB．methodsC．proceduresD．systems

25．A．extensiveB．intensiveC．profoundD．great

26．A．isB．hasC．hasbeenD．hadbeen

27．A．farB．evenC．justD．notonly

28．A．withB．byC．forD．on

29．A．linkedB．integratedC．controlledD．joined

30．A．BetweenB．InC．FromD．Among

31．A．decreasedB．raisedC．elevatedD．soared

32．A．grossB．acceleratedC．combinedD．collective

33．A．lonelyB．aloneC．onlyD．merely

34．A．presentB．representC．reserveD．comprehend

35．A．soB．neverthelessC．thereafterD．therefore

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingA,B,C,andD.Markyoura nsweronANSWERSHEET1withapencil.(15points)

Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Workingatnonstandardtimes－evenings,nights,orweekends－

istakingitstollonAmericanfamilies.One-fifthofallemployedAmericansworkvariableorrotatingshifts,and one-thirdworkweekends,accordingtoHarrietB.Presser,sociologyprofessorattheUniversityofMaryland.The resultisstressonfamilialrelationships,whichislikelytocontinueincomingdecades.

Theconsequencesofworkingirregularhoursvaryaccordingtogender,economiclevel,andwhetherornotchil drenareinvolved.Singlemothersaremorelikelytoworknightsandweekendsthanmarriedmothers.Womenincleric al,sales,orotherlow-payingjobsparticipatedisproportionatelyinworkinglateandgraveyardshifts.

Married-couplehouseholdswithchildrenareincreasinglybecomingdual-earnerhouseholds,generatingmo resplit-shiftcouples.School-agedchildren,ho wever,maybenefitfromparents’nonstandardworkschedulesb

ecauseofthegreaterlikelihoodthataparentwillbehomebeforeorafterschool.Ontheotherhand,acorrelatione xistsbetweennonstandardworkschedulesandbothmaritalinstabilityandadeclineinthequalityofmarriages.

Nonstandardworkinghoursmeanfamiliesspendlesstimetogetherfordinerbutmoretimetogetherforbreakfa st.One-on-oneinteractionbetweenparentsandchildrenvaries,however,basedonparent,shift,andageofchild ren.Thereisalsoagreaterrelianceonchildcarebyrelativesandbyprofessionalproviders.

Workingnonstandardhoursislessachoiceofemployeesandmoreamandateofemployer.Presserbelievesthatt heneedforswingshiftsandweekendworkwillcontinuetoriseinthecomingdecades.ShereportsthatinsomeEurope ancountriestherearesubstantialsalarypremiumsforemployeesworkingirregularhours-sometimesasmuchas50 %higher.Theconvenienceofhavingservicesavailable24hoursadaycontinuestodrivethistrend.

Unfortunately,saysPresser,theissueisvirtuallyabsentfrompublicdiscourse.Sheemphasizestheneedfo rfocusedstudiesoncostsandbenefitsofworkingoddhours,thephysicalandemotionalhealthofpeopleworkingni ghtsandweekends,andthereasonsbehindthenecessityforworkingthesehours.“Nonstandardworkschedulesnot onlyarehighlyprevalentamongAmericanfamiliesbutalsogeneratealevelofcomplexityinfamilyfunctioningth atneeds greaterattention,”shesays.

36．WhichofthefollowingdemonstratesthatworkingatnonstandardtimesistakingitstollonAmericanfami lies？

A．Stressonfamilialrelationships．

B．Rotatingshifts.

C．Evenings，nights，orweekends.

D．Itsconsequences.

37．Whichofthefollowingisaffectedmostbyworkingirregularhours？

A．Children.

B．Marriage.

C．Singlemothers.

D．Workingwomen.

38．Whowouldbeinfavorofthepracticeofworkingnonstandardhours？

A．Children.

B．Parents.

C．Employees

D．Professionalchildproviders.

39．Itisimpliedthattheconsequencesofnonstandardworkschedulesare.

A．emphasized

B．absent

C．neglected

D．prevalent

40．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsworkingirregularhours？

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Indifferent.

D．Objective.

Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Mosthumanbeingsactual1ydecidebeforetheythink.Whenanyhumanbeing－

executive,specializedexpert,orpersoninthestreet－

encountersacomplexissueandformsanopinion,oftenwithinamatterofseconds,howthoroughlyhasheorsheexplo redtheimplicationsofthevariouscoursesofaction?Answer:notverythoroughly.Veryfewpeople,nomatterhowi nte1ligentorexperienced,cantakeinventoryofthemanybranchingpossibilities,possibleoutcomes,sideeffe cts,andundesiredconsequencesofapolicyoracourseofactioninamatterofseconds.Yet,thosewhopridethemse1 vesonbeingdecisiveoftentrytodojustthat.Andoncetheirbrainslockontoanopinion,mostoftheirthinkingthe reafterconsistsoffindingsupportforit.

Averyserioussideeffectofargumentativedecisionmakingcanbealackofsupportforthechosencourseofac tiononthepatofthe“losing”faction.Whenonefactionwinsthemeetingandtheothersseethemselvesaslosing, thebat tleoftendoesn’tendwhenthemeetingends.Anger,resentment,andjealousymayleadthemtosabotagethe4 ecisionlater,ortoreopenthedebateatlatermeetings.

Thereisabetter.AsphilosopherAldousHuxleysaid,“Itisn’twhoisright,butwhatisright,thatcounts.”

Thestructured-inquirymethodoffersabetteralternativetoargumentativedecisionmakingbydebate.With thehelpoftheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnologythegapbetweenexpertsandexecutivesisnowbeingdrama ticallyclosed.Byactuallyputtingthebrakesonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown,andorganizingtheflowof logic,it’spossibletocreatealevelofclaritythatsheerargumentationcannevermatch.

Thestructured-inquiryprocessintroducesalevelofconceptualclaritybyorganizingthecontributionsof theexperts,thenbringstheexpertsandthedecisionmakersclosertogether.Althoughitisn’tpossibleorneces saryforapresidentorprimeministertolisteninoneveryintelligenceanalysismeeting,it’spossibletoorgan izetheexperts’informationtogivethedecisionmakermuchgreaterinsightastoitsmeaning.Thisprocessmayso mewhatresembleamarketingfocusgroup;it’sasimple,remarkablycleverwaytobringdecisionmakersclosertot hesourceoftheexpertinformationandopinionsonwhichtheymustbasetheirdecisions.

4l．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthat.

A．executive,specializedexpert,arenomorecleverthanpersoninthestreet

B．veryfewpeopledec1debeforetheythink

C．thosewhopridethemselvesonbeingdecisiveoftenfailtodoso

D．peopletendtoconsidercarefullybeforemakingdecisions

42．Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoestheword“them”(line4,paragraph2)referto?

A．Decisionmakers.

B．The“losing”faction.

C．Anger,resentment,andjealousy.

D．Otherpeople.

43．AldousHuxley’sremark(Paragraph3)impliesthat.

A．thereisasubtledifferencebetweenrightandwrong

B．wecannottellwhoisrightandwhatiswrong

C．whatisrightismoreimportantthanwhoisright

D．whatisrightaccountsforthequestionwhoisright

44．Accordingtotheauthor,thefunctionofthestructured-inquirymethodis.

A．tomakedecisionbydebate

B．toapplytheInternetandwirelesscomputertechnology.

C．tobrakeonthethinkingprocess,slowingitdown

D．tocreatealevelofconceptualclarity

45．Thestructured-inquiryprocesscanbeusefulfor.

A．decisionmakers

B．intelligenceanalysismeeting

C．theexperts’information

D．marketingfocusgroups

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Sportisheadingforanindissolublemarriagewithtelevisionandthepassivespectatorwillenjoyaprivatep aradise.Allofthiswillbeinthefutureofsport.Thespectator(thetelevisionaudience)willbethepriorityand professionalclubswillhavetoreadjusttheirstructurestoadapttothenewreality:sportasabusiness.

Thenewtechnologieswillmeanthatspectatorswillnolongerhavetowaitforbroadcastsbytheconventionalc hannels.Theywillbetheoneswhodecidewhattosee.Andtheywillhavetopayforit.IntheUnitedStatesthesystemo

fthefuturehasalreadystarted:pay-as-you-view.Everythingwillbeofferedbytelevisionandthespectatorwil lonlyhavetochoose.ThereviewSportsIllustratedrecentlypublishedafullprofileofthelifeofthesupportera thomeinthemiddleofthenextcentury.Itexplainedthattheconsumerswouldbeabletoselecttheirviewofthematc honagigantic,flatscreenoccupyingthewholeofonewall,withimagesofaclaritywhichcannotbeforeseenatpres ent;theycouldwat chfromthetrainer’sstandsjustbehindthebatterinagameofbaseballorfromthehelmetofthe starplayerinanAmericanfootballgame.Andattheirdisposalwillbethesaneoptionstheproduceroftherecorded programmerhastoselectreplays,tochoosewhichcameratomeandtodecideonthesoundwhethertohearthepublic,t heplayers,thetrainerandsoon.

Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologieswillbel ievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsat tendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirviewwhilethereismorebasketballthan everontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketballismorepopularthanever.

Itisalsotheargumentofthesesportsexecutivesthattelevisionharmingthemodestteam.Thisistrue,butth efutureofthoseteamsisalsomodest.Theyhavereachedtheirceiling.Itisthelawofthemarket.Thegreateventsc ontinuallyattractlargeraudience.

TheworldIbeingconstructedonnewtechnologiessothatpeoplecanmaketheutmostuseoftheirtimeand,inthe irhomehaveaccesstothegreatestpossiblerangeofrecreationalactivities.Sportwillhavetoadaptitselftoth enewworld.

Themostvisionaryexecutivesgofurther.Thatphilosophyis:ratherthanseetelevisiontakeoversportwhyn othavesportstakenovertelevision?

46．Whatdoesthewritermeanbyuseofthephrase“anindissolublemarriage”inthefirstparagraph?

A．sportiscombinedwithtelevision.

B．sportcontrolstelevision.

C．televisiondictatessports.

D．Sportandtelevisionwillgotheirownways

47．Wha tdoes“they”inline2paragraph2standfor?

A．Broadcasts.

B．Channels.

C．Spectators.

D．Technologies.

48．Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?

A．theyaretoooldtodoanything.

B．Theyfeelillatease.

C．Theyfeelcompletelyathome.

D．Technologiescangohandinhandwithsports.

49．Whatisgoingtobediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?

A．thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.

B．Theprocessoftelevisiontakingoversport.

C．Televisioncoverageexpansion.

D．Anexampletoshowhowsporthastakenovertelevision.

50．Whatmightbetheappropriatetitleofthispassage?

A．theargumentsofsportsexecutives.

B．Thephilosophyofvisionaryexecutives.

C．Sportsandtelevisioninthe21stcentury.

D．Sports:abusiness.

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesbycreatinggrowth,butwhatisitseffectonpeople?Forpeoplewhothinkcoo kingwasthefoundationofcivilization,themicrowaveisthelastenemy.Thecommunionofeatingtogether

Iseasilybrokenbyadevicethatliberateshouseholdscitizensfromwaitingformealtimes.Thefirstgreatr evolutioninthehistoryoffoodisindangerofbeingundone.Thecompanionshipofthecampfire,cookingpotandcom montable,whichhavehelpedtobondhumansincollaborativelivingforatleast150000yearscouldbedestroyed.

Mealshavecertainlysatedfromtheriseofconveniencefood.TheonlymealsregularlytakentogetherinBrita inthesedaysareattheweekend,amongrichfamiliesstrugglingtoretainsomethingoftheoldsymboloftogetherne ss.Indeed,theday’sfirstmealhasallbutdisappeared.Inthe20thcenturytheleisureBritishbreakfastwasund erminedbythecornflake;inthe21stbreakfastisvanishingaltogetheravictimofthequickcupofcoffeeinStarbu cksandthecerealbar.

Conveniencefoodhasalsomadepeopleforgethowtocookoneoftheapparentparadoxesofmodernfoodisthatwhi letheamountoftimespentcookingmealshasfallenfrom60minutesadayin1980to13Madayin2002,thenumberofcook sandtelevisionprogram meroncookinghasmultiplied.Butperhapsthisisn’taparadox.Maybeitisbecamepeople can’tcookanymore,sotheyneedtobetoldhowtodoit,ormaybeitisbecausepeoplebuybooksabouthobbies---golf ,yachting---notaboutchores.Cookinghasceasedtobeachoreandhasbecomeahobby.

Althougheverybodylivesinthekitchen.itsfacilitiesareincreasinglyfordisplayratherthanforuse.Mr. Silverstein’snowbook,”tradingup”lookatmid-rangeconsumer’smillingnowtosplashout.Hesaysthatindu strial–styleVikingcookpot,withnearlytwicetheheatoutputofotherranges,havehelpedtopu shthe“kitchen astheater”trendinhourgoods.Theycostfrom$1000to$9000.Some75%ofthemareneverused.

Conveniencealsohasanimpactonthehealthiness,orotherwise,offood,ofcoursethereisnothingbadaboutr eadytoeatfooditself.Youdon’tgetmuchhealthierthananapple,andsupermarkets sellabetterforyourangeofr eady-meals.Butthereisalimittothenumberofapplespeoplewanttoeat;andthesedaysitiseasierforpeopletoea tthekindoffoodthatmakesthemfatThethreeHarvardeconomistsintheirpaper“whyhaveAmericansbecomemoreob ese?”pointoutthatinthepast,ifpeoplewan tedtoeatfattyhotfood,theyhadtocookit.Thattooktimeandenergy agoodchipneedsfryingtwice,oncetocookthepotatoandoncetogetitcrispy.Whichdiscouragedofconsumptionof thatcostoffood.Masspreparationoffoodtookawaythatconstraint.Nobodyhastocutanddoublecooktheirownfri esthesedays.Whohasthetime?

51．Whatmightthepreviousparagraphsdealwith?

A．Therelationshipbetweenmealsandconveniencefood.

B．Theimportanceofconveniencefoodinpeople’slife.

C．Theriseofconveniencefood. D．Thehistoryoffoodindustry. 52．Whatistheparadoxinthethirdparagraph? A．Peopledon’tknowhowtocook. B．Thefacilitiesinthekitchenarenottotallyused. C．Peoplearebecomingmoreobsess,thusunhealthy. D．Conveniencefoodactuallydoesnotsavepeoplethrive. 53．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss? A．Thebadeffectsofconveniencefood

B．Mr.Silverstei n’snewbook

C．People’snewhobby D．Disappearanceoftheoldsymboloftogetherness. 54．WhyhasAmericanbecomemoreobsess? A．Becauseofeatingchips.

B．Becauseofbeingbusy.

C．Becauseofbeinglazy.

D．BandC. 55．Whichofthefollowingmighttheanothermostlyagreewith? A．Thereisnothingbadaboutconveniencefood. B．Conveniencefoodmakespeoplelazy. C．Conveniencefoodhelpscompaniesgrow.

D．Conveniencefoodisarevolutionincooking.

SectionIVTranslation

Directions:

InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslatethefivesentencesunderlinedintoChineseandwritey ourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Anartmuseumdirectorwithforesightmightfollowtrendsincomputergraphicstomakeexhibitmoreappealing toyoungervisitor.

Forinstances,capablecorporatemanagermightseealarmingriseinlocalhousingpricethatcouldaffectava ilabilityofskilledworkersintheregion.

Peopleingovernmentalsoneedforesighttokeepsystemrunningsmoothly,toplaybudgetandpreventwar.

Manyofthebestknowntechniqueforforesightweredevelopedbygovernmentplanner,especiallyinthemilita ry,thinkingabouttheunthinkable.

Thefuturistrecognizedthatthefutureworldiscontinuingwithpresetworld.Wecanlearnagreatdealaboutw hatmanyhappeninthefuturebylookingsystematicallyatwhatishappynow.

Section V Writing

Directions:

Inthissection,youarerequiretowriteacomposition.Youshouldwritemorethan150wordsneatlyonANSWERSH EET2.(20points)

（大意）“五一”、“十一”长假已逐步为人们所习惯，她给百姓带来了充足的娱乐休闲机会，更促进了旅游经济的发展。但是，“黄金周”也带来了诸如交通压力增大、环保等诸多问题。作为一名普通百姓，请你给政府有关部门写一封信，提出你关于“黄金周”的意见和建议。

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2005年北京市高职升本科英语试题

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