2019届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 The United Kingdom知能演练轻松闯关 新人教版必修5

Unit 2 The United Kingdom

Ⅰ阅读理解

A

In our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted. We only treasure things when they are gone. This is a sad truth of human nature. One day, I found myself as a witness to a similar situation.

One evening, I left work and boarded the train. After entering, I noticed something unusual. The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing. I didn’t pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats. I sensed a funny smell. It wasn’t long before I noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me. He was bleeding from his nose. Why wasn’t anyone helping him?

His clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell. Along with the smell, his eyes were dull, watery, and red. Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime. As the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him. All the seats around him were empty.

Suddenly, he began to swear at the people around him. A plain-clothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man. The officer, not wanting to touch the homeless man, told him his rights and directed him to exit the train. As the officer walked the man out of the train, the homeless man turned around and said “MY HOME！” and started crying.

A man doesn’t value thi ngs until they are gone. If he didn’t have a home, at least he had freedom. Now he has neither. No one wants to help someone who won’t help himself.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。

1．When entering the car, how did the author feel at first?

A．Annoyed. B．Puzzled.

C．Sad. D．Calm.

B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，“我”感到很困惑，故B项正确。

2．How did people react to the homeless man?

A．They caught him and called the police.

B．They covered him with clean clothes.

C．They disliked and avoided him.

D．They stared at him curiously.

C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；根据第三段第三句可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他，好像他曾经犯

罪了一样；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故C项正确。

3．It can be learned that the policeman________．

A．was very rude to the man

B．sent the man back to his hometown

C．forced the man to leave the city

D．went off the train with the man

D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故D项正确。

4．What does the author think of the homeless man?

A．He is a loser of life.

B．He is worth our respect.

C．He is very funny.

D．He is a fearless fighter.

A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、第三句可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今他两个都没有了。据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故A项正确。

B

A new study by the British government has discovered the

mental health of the country’s teenage girls has become worse.

The survey, which included 30，000 14-year-old students in

2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychological

stress, up from 34 percent in 2005.British boys’ stress level

was actually seen to fall over the same time period，from 17 percent to 15 percent.

The report’s authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage British girls.

“The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive(认知的) and emotional development，” Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a recent blog post. “Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to become competent(有能力的) adults.In the past，they would engage with parents，teachers and other adults in their community as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.”

Throughout adolescence，girls and boys develop characteristics like confidence and self-control.Since teenage brains have not completely developed，teens don’t have the cognitive awareness and impulse(冲动) control to keep from posting inappropriate content.Furthermore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.

“Social media can also feed into girls’ insecurities about their appearance，”Ramsden said.These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person.However，these images and the messages tied to them gradually become societal standards.

【解题导语】一项新研究发现，英国女孩的心理健康状况变得更糟；分析表明，社交媒体时代的到来可能是造成英国女孩心理压力加大的主要因素。

5．The statistics in the second paragraph show that________．

A．more and more children in Britain have mental health problems

B．few girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005

C．more boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure now

D．more British girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now

D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句可知，调查显示，2014年37%的英国女孩有心理压力，而2005年只有34%；根据第二段的第二句可知，同期调查显示，英国男孩有心理压力的从2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。据此可以判断，英国女孩有心理压力的比男孩多，故D项正确。

6．Contrary to traditional ways of interaction, social media________．

A．helps teenagers develop qualities like confidence and self-control

B．has many negative effects on girls’ characteristic development

C．makes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate content D．teaches girls to care about their appearance to meet societal standards B解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls’ insecurities about their appearance” 可知，由于青少年的思想还不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒体对英国女孩的心理健康和她们对外表美丑的判断产生了消极的影响。故B项正确。

7．The underlined word “advent” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “________”．A．arrival B．end

C．disappearance D．invention

A解析：词义猜测题。结合该段内容和下文关于传统交流方式和社交媒体的比较可知，报告的作者指出，“社交媒体时代的到来”可能是造成英国女孩心理压力增加的主要因素。据此可知，画线词意为“到来”，故A项正确。

Ⅱ七选五

(2018·杭州高三模拟)College visits are important.1.________. Also, before you commit years of your life and thousands of dollars to a school, make sure you’re choosing a place that suits you best. Below are a few tips for getting the most out of your college visit.

? Explore on your own

2．________. So try to walk the extra miles and get the complete picture of the campus on your own. When you visit the student center, academic buildings and residence halls, take a few minutes to read the bulletin boards(告示板). They provide a quick and easy way to see what’s happening on campus.

? Eat in the dining hall and sleep in the dorm

You can get a good feel for student life by eating in the dining hall. Is the food good? Are there adequate healt hy options? And if it’s at all possible, spend a night at the college. 3.________．

? 4.________

If you know what you want to study, have a conference with a professor and students in that field. You’ll get to observe other students in your field and see how engaged they are in classroom discussion. They will give you an opportunity to see if the major really matches you. 5.________.

Lastly, if you’re comparing several schools, be sure to record your feelings during the visit. They may help you carry on further study before making your final decision.

A．You ca n’t get the “feel” of a school from any guidebook

B．For one, they help demonstrate your interest in a school

C．The trained tour guides will show you a school’s selling points

D．Most colleges don’t allow visitors to drop in on class unannounced

E．Visit a class in your major and talk with a professor and lots of students F．Nothing will give you a better sense of student life than a night in the dorm G．If you haven’t decided on a major yet, more visits to different major classes are necessary

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。要想了解一所大学，最好能自己在学校逗留一段时间，了解饮食住宿、课外活动，再通过听课来了解下与专业相关的情况等。

1．B解析：根据文章主旨句“College visits are important.”可知，去校园参观对了解一所大学很重要。结合下文中的“Also”和语境可知，此处指校园参观很重要的原因。B项“一方面它们有助于证实你对一所学校的兴趣”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。

2．C解析：根据下文中的“extra miles”和“get the complete picture”可知，你还要独自在校园多走走，靠你自己了解整个校园。由此推知，C项“受过专业培训的导游会向你展示学校的卖点”能引起下文，符合语境。故选C。

3．F解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段写的是通过在食堂吃东西和在宿舍睡觉来进一步了解学校。结合“spend a night at the college”可知，F项“没有什么比在宿舍睡一个晚上能让你对学生生活有更深的认知了”符合语境。故选F。

4．E解析：空格处为本段小标题，应是对本段内容的概括。根据本段内容可知，E项“去一个你要学的专业的班级与教授和本专业的学生进行沟通”是对本段的概括。故选E。

5．G解析：根据上文中的“see if the major really matches you”可知，此处指看看这个专业是不是真的适合你。G项“如果你还决定不了要学的专业，多看看不同专业的课堂(学习)是很有必要的”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。

Ⅲ语法填空

Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country. In Australia, Canada, the United States 1.____________European countries, sending gifts is rarely expected. While seen as a nice gesture, it is more important to avoid 2.____________(give) highly personal gifts such as clothing. When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3.____________(country), it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.

In America, 4.____________(expense) gifts are definitely out. A good

5.____________(choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner, or to

6.____________entertainment or a sporting event.

7.____________the contrary, gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan. In Japan the proper gift is thought

8.____________(express) the giver’s true friendship, gratitude and respect far

9.____________(well) than words can. So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here, be prepared.

Australia is known for its friendliness and informality. So modest gifts, such as a diary, a paperweight, or a coffee cup might 10.____________(present) to a friend. At a trade show, T-shirts, ties, baseball caps, or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs. Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国、日本、澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。

1．and解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia, Canada, the United States”和空后的“European countries”可知，空处前后为并列关系，故用并列连词and。

2．giving解析：考查动名词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。

3．countries解析：考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词country应当用复数形式。

4．expensive解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。

5．choice解析：考查名词。根据空前的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。

6．an解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。

7．On解析：考查固定搭配。on the contrary 为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。

8．to express解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。be thought to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。

9．better解析：考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。

10．be presented解析：考查被动语态。该句主语modest gifts和动词present

之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。

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