江西省丰城中学2016届高三上学期周练考试政治试题解析(解析版)

一、单项选择题

1．“暑期经济”，正在火热上演。商家们纷纷紧盯“暑期经济”这一“经济增长点”，大力推出适合学生的暑期电影套票、暑期游泳健身卡、暑期游学专线……据此说明

A．生产决定消费 B．收入是消费的基础和前提

C．企业成功的因素之一在于创新 D．消费反作用于生产

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：题干中商家们纷纷紧盯“暑期经济”这一“经济增长点”，大力推出适合学生的暑期电影套票、暑期游泳健身卡、暑期游学专线……说明消费反作用于生产，不是生产决定消费，D符合题意，A不符合题意。B说法正确，但题干没有体现。C与题意不符，题干没说企业成功的问题。故本题答案选D。

考点：消费反作用于生产。

2．2014年，1件甲商品可以交换5件乙商品，1件乙商品可以交换4件丙商品。2015年，乙商品的生产条件不变，生产甲商品的部门劳动生产率提高25％，1件乙商品可以交换5件丙商品。不考虑其他因素，下列判断正确的是

A．1件甲商品可以交换20件丙商品 B．生产一件甲商品耗费的劳动量减少了25％C．生产丙商品的部门劳动生产率提高了20％ D．生产一件丙商品耗费的劳动量增加了20％【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：2015年生产甲商品的部门劳动生产率提高25%，此时，一件甲商品可以交换4件乙商品，而1件乙商品可以交换5件丙商品，就是说一件甲商品可以交换20件丙商品，A正确且符合题意。2014年一件乙商品可以交换4件丙商品，2015年一件乙商品可以交换5件丙商品，这说明生产丙商品的社会劳动生产率提高了25%，，不是提高了20％，C说法不对。劳动生产率提高意味着社会必要劳动时间缩短，B、D说法不对。故本题答案选A。

考点：商品的价值量与社会劳动生产率的关系。

3．重庆某高校毕业生小王准备大学毕业后开一家“快餐火锅”。小王认真研究了国家鼓励大学生创业政策，并成功申请到10万元创业贷款。火锅店也红红火火的开了起来。关于小王开“快餐火锅”。说法正确的是A．小王开火锅店取得的收入主要是按劳分配 B．小王树立了多种方式就业观

C．小王获得的创业贷款属于国家再分配的转移支付 D．10万元执行了货币的价值尺度职能

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：A说法不对，小王开火锅店取得的收入主要是按生产要素分配所取得的收入，不是按劳分配收入。关于大学生小王红红火火开起的“快餐火锅”，说明小王观念的转变，树立了多种方式就业观，B说法符合题意。C说法不对，小王获得的创业贷款不属于国家的转移支付。D说法不对，10万元执行了货币的支付手段的职能。故本题答案选B。

考点：多种方式的就业观。

4．2015年6月28日，央行宣布定向降准并同时下调存贷款基准利率：下调金融机构人民币存款准备金率0.25个百分点，一年期贷款基准利率降至4.85％，一年期存款基准利率降至2％。据此，该措施想达到的政策预期是

A．积极拉动内需 B．抑制通货膨胀 C．减少银行利润 D．拓宽居民投资渠道

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：题干中央行宣布有针对性地对金融机构实施定向降准并同时下调存贷款基准利率，以进一步支持实体经济发展，促进结构调整并降低社会融资成本，以达到积极拉动内需的政策预期，A符合题意。B说法不对。C与题意不符，不会减少银行利润。D题干说法与居民投资无关。故本题答案选A。

考点：拉动内需。

5．财政部决定，从2014年起，适当提高国有资本收益上缴公共财政收取比例，更多用于社会保障等民生支出。此举有利于

A．刺激社会总供给，促进经济结构调整 B．完善税收优惠政策，减轻企业经营压力C．促使国企改善经营管理，提高经济效益 D．引导国企承担社会责任，维护社会公平

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：A中刺激社会总供给，与题意不符。B与题意不符，题干是说利润问题，不是税收问题。C中国企改善经营管理，题干没有体现。题干中提高国有资本收益上缴公共财政收取比例，更多用于社会保障等民生支出，这样做有利于引导国企在注重经济效益的同时，承担社会责任，以维护社会公平，D符合题意。故本题答案选D。

考点：企业注重经济效益和社会效益的统一。

6．近年美国美元贷款年利率一般在1％左右，而人民币贷款基准年利率一般在4％、5％。从2014年10月到2015年6月，我国在境外大型投资项目共500多个，中方协议投资额将近1000亿美元。下述能成为A 公司“走出去”去境外投资的理由的有

①现在美元融资成本低②国外市场竞争激烈

③我国形成出口竞争优势④A企业应该抓住我国对外开放的机遇

A．①③ B．①④ C．②③ D．②④

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：近年美国美元贷款年利率一般在1％左右，而人民币贷款基准年利率一般在4％、5％，说明现在美元融资成本低，有利于A公司“走出去”去境外投资，①符合题意。②不符合题意，国外市场竞争激烈，不利于A公司“走出去”去境外投资。③不符合题意，题干是说“走出去”，没提到出口竞争的问题。我国在境外大型投资项目增多，说明经济发展的良好外部环境，A企业应该抓住我国对外开放的机遇，④符合题意。故本题答案选B。

考点：“走出去”战略，对外开放。

7．丹麦将成为世界第一个无纸币国家，从2016年1月开始，商家有可能拒绝接受现金，只接受移动支付和银行卡支付。这意味着在丹麦

①货币不再充当商品交换的媒介②国家能够调节货币的流通速度

③收款手续简化，方便购物消费④交易效率提高，交易成本降低

A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：无纸币，不等于无货币，货币以电子货币的形式继续存在，货币仍然充当商品交换的媒介，同时，货币的流通速度是由市场决定的，不能说国家调节货币的流通速度，①②说法不对。商家进行移动支付和银行卡支付，有利于减少现金的使用，可以简化收款手续，提高交易效率，方便购物消费，同时不再担心假币的存在和不需要对纸币的真伪进行鉴定，从而降低交易成本，③④说法正确且符合题意。故本题答案选D。

考点：信用卡的优点。

8.美国优步（uber）公司的打车服务软件以其提供的优价优质的租车服务而迅速风靡全球。为了抗议优步抢生意，2015年5月25日，法国巴黎的出租车司机在街头示威。出租车司机抗议是因为优步的出现导致①出租车的起步价上升②租车行业的竞争加剧

③出租车司机获益减少④消费者减少租车消费

A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：出租车的起步价一般是固定的，①说法不对。优步与出租车是互为替代品，优步的优价优质服务将使得租车行业的竞争加剧，消费者倾向于选择优步，从而导致出租车的需求量减少，司机获益减少，②③说法正确。优步的出现并不会减少消费者的租车服务，只不过会导致对出租车服务的减少，④不符合题意。故本题答案选B。

考点：互为替代品，市场经济的特点。

2015年5月15日，《福布斯》中文版fabu2015nia中国慈善榜。据此回答

2015年慈善榜中捐赠过亿的企业家（企业）有14位，他们的捐赠总额占总金额的64.5%。其中中国民生银行的董事长洪崎、新尚集团的董事长唐立新和大连万达集团的董事长王建林分别以3.62亿元和3.29亿元

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