(完整word版)高中英语45个介词的基本用法.doc
—— 45 个基本介词的用法
1、 about
【原始含】
a-b-out“A在B外面”
【引申含】
[prep]
（1）在?到，在?各here and there
eg: We wandered about the town for an hour or so.
He looked about the room.
（2）在?附近 next to a place
eg. She lives about the office.
（3）关于 in connection with eg: a
book about English study
I don ’t know what you are talking about.
[adv]
（1 ）大 close to
eg: We left there about 10 o ’ clock.
（2
It costs about 500 dollars.
）到，各
eg: The children were rushing about in the garden.
（3）在附近
eg : There is no food about.
【常搭配】
作介的搭配 :
一.+(about+ 名 )
（1）arrange (about sth) 安排关于某事（2） argue (about sth) 某事
（3） ask (about sth) 关于某事（4）boast (about sb/sth) 吹嘘 ...
（5） care (about sb/sth) 关心?,?感趣（6） chat (about sth) 某事
（7） complain (about sb/sth) 抱怨?
（8）dream (about sb/sth) 梦某人 / 某物（9）go (about sth) 着手做 ...；从事 ...
（10 ）hear (about sth)
（11 ）know (about sth)
（12 ）learn (about sth)
（13 ）put (about sth)
（14 ）quarrel (about sth)
（15 ）see (about sth)
（16 ）talk (about sth)
（17 ）think (about sth)
（18 ）warn sb ( about sth)
（19 ）wonder (about sb/sth) （20 ）worry (about sb/sth) 听 ...
了解 ...
得知某事
散布（言等）...争吵
理 ...
...
考 ..
告某人关于某事
.. 好奇
...担心
二、名 +(about+名)
（1）concern (about sb/sth) （2）curiosity (about sb/sth) （3）doubt (about sb/sth)
（4）ethusiasm (about sth) （5）information(about sb/sth) （6）remark (about sth)
（7）opinion (about sth)
（8）view (about sb/sth)
?的关心 / 关?的好奇
?的疑
?的情
关于?的信息
?的
?的意...的点
三、 be+adj+(about+名)
（1）be angry (about sth)?而生气（2）be anxious (about sth)?
（3）be careful (about sth)当心?
（4）be cautious (about sth)防...；...持慎度（5）be certain (about sth)确信关于某事（6）be curious (about sth)?感到好奇（7）be disappointed(about sth)?感到失望（8）be excited (about sth)?感到（9）be glad/happy(about sth)?感到高（10 ）be hopeful (about sth)?抱有希望（11 ）be crazy/mad/wild(about sth)
?痴狂；酷某事
（12 ）be nervous (about sth)
?感到不安 / 因...感到
（13 ）be optimistic/positive
...是极的
（14 ）be particular(about （15 ）be sad (about sth)
(about
sb/sth)
sth) ...
究，挑剔
?而
（16 ）be serious （17 ）be sorry
(about sth)
(about sth)
? 真
...抱歉
作副的搭配 :
名 ++about
（1） sth come about （2） sth get about
（3） sb turn about
（4）sb wander about （5）sb walk about
2、 above 某事生
某事（尤指消息等）开某人身
某人徘徊，游
某人走来走去
【原始含】
a-b-over“A 在B 上方”
【引申含】 prep.
（1）在?上方 at or to a higher place than sth/sb
eg: The sun rose above the horizon.
（2）数目大于? / 重量超? / 价格（能力、地位）高于?
more than sth.; greater in number, level or age than sb./sth.
eg: There is nothing in the store above 50 cents. （3）重要性或量超、
of greater importance or of higher quality than sb/sth eg. I rate her above most other players of her age.
（4）声音超? louder or clearer than another sound
eg: I couldn’t hear her above the noise of the traffic.
（5）不至于，不屑于做某事
too good or too honest to do sth
eg. She is above suspicion.
【常搭配】
一、 +(above+名)
（1）live ( above one ’s income) （2）put A (above B)
（3）rise (above sth)
（4）talk (above one ’s head)
入不敷出地生活
把 A 看得比 B 更重要克服 ...,不受 ....的影响高深莫地
二、 be+(above+名)
（1）be (above oneself )
高采烈 = be in one’ s high spirit
（2）be (above one’ s head)
以理解 / 超出某人理解能力
3、 across
【原始含】
a-grass “一片草坪”， across 指在平面上，就像人走一片草坪那。
【引申含】 prep.
（1）穿 from one side to the other side eg:
She walked across the road.
（2）在...面 on the other side of sth. eg:
The bar is just across the street.
（3）交叉 cross
eg: He sat with his arms across his chest.
（4）在...各，遍及 ... everywhere
eg. The opinion is common across the university.
【常搭配】
+(across+名)
（1）A come (across B) A 偶遇 B
（2）A cut (across B) A 走 B 捷径； A 打断 B
（3）A go (across B) A 穿 B
（4）A put (across B)A 解清楚 B；A 把 B 送到岸
（5）A run (across B) A 横穿 B；A 偶然碰到 B
4 、after
【原始含】
“A 在 B 之后（序）”【引申
含】
[prep]
（1）在?之后（序、空序） later than sth;
following sth in time
eg: After dinner, they went out for a walk.
（1）在?后面，次于（按重要性） next to the following eg.
Your name comes after mine in the list.
（2）与?照、比 in contrast to sth
eg. It was cool after the heat outside.
（3）照着?的子 following the example of sb/sth eg:
Read the sentence after me, please.
[adv]
后来、以后later in time, afterwords
eg:Soon after, she came back to her hometown.
The prince and princess lived happily ever after.
【常搭配】
作介的搭配
一、名++(after+名)
（1）A chase (after B) A 追赶 / 追求 B
（2）A go (after B) A 追逐 B.
（3）A look (after B) A 照 B.
（4）A model (after B) A 以 B 榜、原型； A 效仿 B
（5）A name (after B) A 用 B 作名字 .
（6）A run (after B) A 追求 / 追赶 / 追逐 B. （7）A search (after B) A 研究 B.
（8）A see (after B) A 照 B
（9）A seek (after B) A 找 B.
（10 ）A take (after B) A 与 B 相像 .
二、（ after+名）
（1）(after a while )
（2）(after all )
（3）(after one ’ s own heart 5、 against )
了一会，不久
竟；究
正合 ...的心意；
【原始含】
a-g-a “相”
【引申含】
[prep]
（1）碰着、靠着 touching, close to or hitting sb/sth eg: She was leaning against a tree.
（2）反 opposing or disagreeing with sb./sth
eg: We should fight against crimes.
（3）防 in order to prevent sth from happening
eg: Save money against a rainy day.未雨
（4）反（反法律、制度）
eg: It is against the law to hunt tigers.
（5）不利于 not to the advantage or favor of sb./sth eg: What he said is against him.
（6）映 with sth in the background as a contrast
Eg. The red flag stood out clearly against the blue sky. （7）和?相比 in contrast to sth
eg. You must weigh the benefits against the cost. 【常搭配】
一、 +(against+名)
（1） act (against sth)反...
（2） argue (against sth)...而争 / 据理反（3） compete (against sb)与某人比/争/抗（4） decide (against sth/doing sth)
考后不做某事 / 声明反某事
（5） declare (against sb/sth) 表反 ...
（6） fight (against sth) 反?；与 ...做斗争（7） go (against sth) 反?
（8） inform (against sb) 告、某人
（9） lean (against sth) 靠着某物 / 斜靠某物（10 ）offend (against sth) 犯?
（11 ）press (against sth) 在?上
（12 ）protect (against sth) 保免受?的害（13 ）prepare (against sth) 防?
（14 ）strike (against sth) 工抗 ...
（15 ）struggle (against sb/sth) 与...搏斗 / 反抗
（16 ）turn (against sth) 背叛?
（17 ）vote (against sth) 投票反?
（18 ）warn sb ( against sth) 提醒某人提防某事
二、 be+adj+(against+ 名 )
（1）be prejudiced (against sb/sth) ... 持有偏（2）be proof (against sth) 可防止?的（3）be set (against sth) 决反 ...
6、 around
【原始含】
a+round “A 在一个里面（在一定范内）”【引申含】
[prep]
（1）在?周,surrounding sb/sth
eg: There are many bars around the town.
（2）在附近，到 in or to many places
eg: I showed him around our campus.
[adv]
（1）大 approximately
eg: There are around 1000 people watching the game. （2）在周
eg : How can you make the wheel go around?
（3）在附近、到
eg: I ran around to find him.
【常搭配】
作介
一、 +(around+ 名 )
（1）center (around sth) 以...中心 ,集中于 ...
（2）look (around sth) ...；游 ...；
（3）wrap (around sth) 住．．．； ...；
二、around + 名
（1）(around the corner) ...靠近、近、快来了；
（2）(around the clock) 日夜不停地；夜以日地
作副
名 ++around
（1）sb gaze around
某人向四周看，
（2）sth get around
某事（尤指消息、言等）走、流
（3）sb/sth turn around
某人或某物身
7、 at
【原始含】
“在所，上的一点”
【引申含】 prep.
（1）小地点 ,或小点
used to say where sb/sth is or when sth happens eg: Usually, he is (at his office) (in the morning).
She went to school (at 8 o’clock) (in the morning).
（2）在几 the age (at which sb does sth) eg:
She was married (at 23).
（3）向，朝某人或某物 in the direction towards sb/sth eg: Don ’tpoint at me.
knock at the door, shoot at the tiger, aim at the enemy
（4）从相隔?的地方 the distance away from sth eg:
Can you read that poster (at fifty miles)?
You ’d better keep him (at a distance).
（5）于某种状 the situation sb/sth is in
eg: Mr. Smith is (at lunch).
The country is (at war).
Bill was (at his best)in college.
(at one ’s best:某人的煌期)
（6）在某方面 in terms of ?
eg: I am not good (at football).
（7）表示引某种情或作的原因 to
show the cause of sth
eg: He showed no sign of pleasure (at seeing her).
I was delighted (at the result)+.
【常搭配】
一、 +(at+ 名 )
（1）aim (at sth) 以?目；瞄准?；?；
（2）arrive (at sth) 到达某地或某种程度
（3）blush (at sth) ...感到；
（4）come (at sb/sth) 攻某人；某事
（5）fire (at sth) 向...开火
（6）gaze (at sb/sth) 凝 , 注 ...
（7）get (at sth )到达,接近...；着手...；暗指...；意知...;
（8）glance (at sb/sth) 一瞥， ...
（9）glare (at sb/sth) ...怒目而
（10 ）grab/grasp (at sb/sth) 抓住 ...
（11 ）knock (at sth) 敲?
（12 ）laugh (at sb) 嘲笑某人
（13 ）look (at sb / sth) 看?
（14 ）point (at sb/sth) 指向 / 瞄准 / ?
（15 ）run (at sb/sth) 向某人冲去；达到某种水平（16 ）shoot (at sth) 朝?射
（17 ）shout (at sb) 朝某人喊叫
（18 ）smile (at sb) 向某人微笑
（19 ）target (at sb/sth) 瞄准?，以?目
（20 ）wonder (at sth) ?好奇/ ?感到吃惊
（21 ）yell (at sb) 某人大喊大叫
二、 (at+ 名 )
（1）(at the age ) ( of some number) 在几
（2）(at an altitude ) ( of some number) 在某个高度
（3）(at the cost/expense )( of sth) 以...代价
（4）(at the end ) ( of sth) 在...的尾（5）(at the request ) ( of sb) 某人的求（6）(at the risk ) ( of sth/doing sth) 冒着 ....的
（7）(at the sight )( of sb/sth) 一看 ....
（8）(at a speed )( of some number ) 以...的速度
（9）(at the thought )( of sb/sth) 一想到 ...
（10 ）(at birth ) 出生
（11 ）(at bottom ) 其，上
（12 ）(at one ’s command ) 听候．．．的差遣（13 ）(at the corner ) 在拐角
（14 ）(at dawn/daybreak ) 在黎明 , 在拂（15 ）(at a discount ) 减价、折扣（16 ）(at first ) 最初，开始（17 ）(at hand ) 在手，即将生（18 ）(at home ) 在家 / 国内
（19 ）(at large ) 自由，逍遥法外
（20 ）(at length ) 地
（21 ）(at last ) 最后，于
（22 ）(at least ) 至少，起
（23 ）(at leisure ) 有空，暇
（24 ）(at the moment ) 在，眼下 ...
（25 ）(at any price ) 不惜任何代价，无如何（26 ）(at one time ) 去，曾，一度
（27 ）(at the same time ) 同
（28 ）(at work ) 在工作
三、 be+adj+(at+ 名 )
（1）be angry (at sb/sth) ...生气
（2）be competent (at sth) 在...方面有能力
（3）be delighted (at sth) ...感到非常高
（4）be disappointed (at sb/sth) ...感到失望
（5）be dissatisfied (at sb/sth) ...不意
（6）be expert (at sth/doing sth) ，擅于，精通
（7）be skilled (at sth/doing sth) 在...方面有技能，熟（8）be gifted (at sth/doing sth) 在...有天
（9）be good (at sth/doing sth) 擅 ...
（10 ）be hopeless (at sth/doing sth)
...感到望； ...一筹莫展
（11 ）be mad (at sb/sth) ..怒
（12 ）be surprised (at sb/sth) ...感到吃惊
（13 ）be terrfied (at sth/doing sth) 被... 惊吓
（14 ）be weak (at sth/doing sth) 在...方面欠缺，差8、 before
【原始含】
be+fore “在?之前“（、空、序）”【引申含】 prep.
（1）上 earlier in time
eg: Please come back (before 10:00pm).
（2）空上 earlier in position
eg: Don ’ t put the cart (before the horse).
（3）序上 earlier in order or arrangement eg:
Health should come (before wealth).
（4）当（某人）面in the presence of sb
eg : She charged him of murder (before the jury).
【常搭配】：
一、 +(before+名)
（1）A come (before B)
（2）complain (before sb) （3）go (before sb)
（4）put / set A ( before B)
（5）stand (before sb/sth) 二、（ before +名）
（1）(before day )
（2）(before long )
（3）(before one's eyes)
（4）(before time )
（5）(before the wind)
（6）(before the world)
A 在
B 之上，比 B 更重要在某人面前控
出在某人面前
把 A 看的比 B 重要
站立在?前面
破之前
不久以后
当着某人的面
提前
在众人面前
9、 behind
【原始含】
be + hide“在?之后”
【引申含】
[prep]
（1）空上，在?后面at the back of sb/sth eg: A
dog is running (behind us).
A dog is running (after us).
（2）是生?的原因
responsible for stating or developing sth
eg: There must be someone (behind it).
What ’ s (behind that happy smile)?
（3）上，在之后sth is in the past
eg: New York is 12 hours (behind Beijing) (in time).
(4）能力上，在之后making less progress than sb./sth eg: He ’s (behind the rest of others) (in reading).
（5）支持，成 giving approval of sth
eg : My mother is always (behind me) (whatever decision I make).
[adv]
在后面，在
eg: She rode (along the street) (with her dog) (running behind).
作介：
一、 +(behind+名)
（1）fall / lag (behind sb/sth) （2）go (behind sth)
They will go behind the decision.
二、（ behind +名）落在?后面
一步斟酌?
（1）(behind bars ) 在中（2）(behind sb ’s back) 在背后（3）(behind the schedule/time ) 晚点、推（4）(behind the times ) 、落伍作副：
（1）sb stay/ remain behind
某人（在他人走后）逗留，留下
（2）sb wait behind某人（在人走后）留下（3）leave sth/sb behind 忘，留下某物；超越某人
10 、 beside
【原始含】
be+side “在?上”【引申
含】 prep.
（1）在...旁 next to?; by the side of? eg: a town (beside the sea)
She sat (beside the teacher).
（2）与...相比 compared with
eg: My work is so poor (beside yours).
【常搭配】
beside+ 名
（1）(beside oneself （2）(beside the point )
)
高的不得了
离，不中肯；与?无关
11 、 besides
【原始含】
beside+s “除?外，有?” in addition to sb/sth [prep] eg: There were two other students (in the classroom)
(besides Tom).
【常搭配】
besides+名/名
eg: We have a lot (in common)(besides music) .
(Besides working) (as a doctor) , he also writes a lot of stories.
12 、 between
【原始含】
be-two-in“在两者之”
【引申含】prep.
（1）空、、序、等上，在两者之
in the middle of two things in terms of space, time, order, class etc.
eg: (Between two strange buildings) stands a tree.
His age is (between sixty and seventy).
（2 ）表示两者之的某种关系
to show a connection or relationship
eg: He has to decide (between life and death).
There is a great difference (between the two articles).
You should learn between lines（字里行）.
（3）合用、共享
shared by two or more people or things
eg: This is a secret (between you and me). （在我之） .
We drank a bottle of wine (between us).
【常搭配】
一、 +(between+名)
sth) （1）draw a clear dividing line( between
明区分?
（2）make a difference(between sb/sth)
区待?
（3）read (between lines )
出字里行的言外之意
（4）stand (between sth/sb)
阻碍?
二、名 +(between+名)
（1）balance (between A and B)
A和 B 的均衡
We should always consider the balance (between cost
and benefit).
（2）connection (between sth/sb)
某人或某物之的系
13、beyond
【原始含】
be+yond “（在彼）“在?之外”
【引申含】： prep.
（1）在?的一
on the further side of sth
eg: The village is beyond the mountain.
（2）上晚于?
later than a particular time
eg: It won’t go on (beyond midnight).
（3）超出某人的能力范，非?所及 far
too advanced for sb
eg: The bag is (beyond my reach).
（4）表示?是不可能的
to say that sth is impossible
eg: The bicycle is (beyond repair).
【常搭配】
一、 (beyond+ 名)
（1）(beyond one ’s ability/strength/power ) 超越某人的能力
（2）(beyond belief ) 以置信
（3）(beyond comparison ) 无法比
（4）(beyond cure ) 无可救（5）(beyond control ) 无法控制（6）(beyond doubt/suspicion ) 不容置疑
（7）(beyond one ’s wildest dreams ) 做梦也想不到（8）(beyond one ’s endurance ) 无法忍受
（9）(beyond expression ) 无法表达（10 ）(beyond imagination ) 超出想象（11 ）(beyond measure ) 无法估量（12 ）(beyond praise ) 美不完，称不（13 ）(beyond price ) 极其珍，无价的（14 ）(beyond one ’s reach ) 在某人不着的地方（15 ）(beyond reason ) 不合理
（16 ）(beyond recognition ) 以出
（17 ）(beyond repair ) 无法修复
（18 ）(beyond the seas ) 到海外
（19 ）(beyond understanding ) 以理解
（20 ）(beyond words ) 无法形容
She is very beautiful.
She is elegant.
Her beauty is beyond words.
（21 ）(beyond sb ) 某人所不能理解
二、 +(beyond+ 名)
（1）go (beyond sth) 超出 ..., 超...
（3）see (beyond sth) 料 ...； ...
14 、 by
【原始含】
“在旁”
【引申含】
prep.
（1）在?旁 at the side of
eg: We prefer a table (by the window).
（2）不于，在?之前 before
eg: We have studied several prepositions (by now).
I shall have finished the work (by the time you return).
（3）表示方式 in which way sth is done
eg: I go to school (by bus).
（4 ）通? ; 根据according?to sth
eg: He can tell the direction (by the stars).
Don ’ t judge a person (by his looks ).
（5 ）按?算 the degree or amount of sth
eg: Eggs are usually sold （by dozen ）.
The temperature has risen（by 5 degrees ）.
（6 ）由于? as a result of ?
eg: They met (by chance).
I did it (by mistake).
（7 ）被? used
eg: He was shocked (by what he had seen).
（8）表示触及或抓住人物的部分
used to show the part of sb that another person catches
eg: I seized her (by the hair).
（9）表示逐步推 ; the rate sth happens
eg: He is making progress (day by day).
（10 ）以?的名 in the name of
eg: I swear (by Almighty God) (that I will never betray my country).
adv.
（1 ）past
eg: Time goes by quickly.
He hurried by (without speaking to me).
（2 ）短拜
eg: Please drop by (when it is convenient) (for you).
【常搭配】
作介：
一、 by+ 名
（1） (by accident/chance ) 偶然地
（2） (by coincidence ) 巧合地
（3） (by all means ) 想尽一切法、一定要（4） (by means )( of sb/sth) 借助于?
（5） (by no means ) 不，一点儿也不
（6） (by appearance ) 从外表
（7） (by comparison ) 相比之下
（8） (by contrast ) 比之下
（9） (by definition ) 根据定，上
（10 ）(by hand ) 人工地
（11 ）(by heart ) 靠，背
（12 ）(by mistake ) 地
（13 ）(by nature ) 天性上，本上
（14 ）(by turns ) 流地
（15 ）(by the way ) 便一下
二．+ （by+ 名）
（1）come (by sth) (尤指通努力）得? ; 偶然得到?
（2）go (by sth)便走?
（3）judge sb/sth (by sth) 通?判断，断定某物或某人
（4）live (by sth)以...生；遵守，遵循?
（5）pass (by sth)?；不考，回避?
（6）profit (by sth)从?中益
（7）swear (by sb/sth) 极其信某人；某物誓
（8）take sb ( by sth)抓住某人的某个部位
（9）tell (by sth) 根据?判断，推断
三、 be+ 去分 + （by+ 名）
（1）be characterized (by sth) 以?特征
（2）be disgusted (by sth) ?
（3）be distracted (by sb/sth) 精力被?分散
（4）be replaced (by sb/sth) 被?取代
四、名 +by+ 名
（1）bit by bit 一点一点地，逐地
（2）day by day 一天一天地，逐日
（3）inch by inch 一点一点地
（4）little by little 逐
（5）one by one 一个接一个
（6）side by side 并肩
（7）step by step 按部就班地
（8）year by year 年年，逐年
作副：
名 ++by
（1）sb drop by 某人便
（2）sb get by 某人勉接受；法勉生存
（3）sb stand by 某人袖手旁
（4）sb stop by （便），串
15 、 despite
【原始含】
“尽管、不” = in spite of
eg: The old professor kept on working （despite his poor health ）.
【常搭配】
prep.
（1）despite sth/doing sth 尽管某事，尽管做了某事
eg : He failed （in the exam ）（despite all the efforts ）.
（Despite applying for hundreds of jobs ）, he is still out of work.
（2）despite the fact that+ 句子尽管事是?
eg. She kept learning French despite the fact thatshe found
it difficult
（3）despite oneself 尽管不愿意
eg. He had to laugh despite himself.
16 、 down
【原始含义】
“向下”
【引申含义】
[prep]
(1) 表示自上而下，向下，往下from top to bottom eg:
In order to catch the bus they run (down the hill).
Tears run down her face quietly.
(2)沿着河、沿着路 along
eg: He walked down the road.
We sailed down the river.
[adv]
(1)向下，朝下 to or at a lower place
eg: He looked down (at her).
(2)（数量、力量等）减弱，降低
to show that the amount or strength of sth is lower
eg: He finally settle down (in Florida).
(3) 向南方，在南方to or in the south of a country
eg: They flew down (to Texas).
(4) （写）在纸上；（列）在表格上on paper, on a list
Eg: Have you got me down (for the trip)?
【常见搭配】
作副词时：
一、动词 + （名词） +down
（1）blow sth down 刮倒，吹倒 ...
（2）break sth down 摧毁；克服 ....
（3）burn sth down 烧毁 ...
（4）close sth down 关闭 ...
（5）cut sth down 砍伐 ...；缩减 ...
（6）hold sth down 阻止，控制 ....
（7）keep sth/sb down 控制；压迫 ...
（8）knock sb/sth down 撞击，撞倒 ...
（9）mark sth down 记录，写下 ...
（10 ）narrow sth down 缩小 ...
（11 ）note sth down 记录，写下 ...
（12 ）pass sth down 传递 ...
（13 ）settle sb down 使...平静 / 安静下来（14 ）let sb down 让某人失望
（15 ）turn sth down 拒绝 ...
（16 ）write sth down 记下 ...
二、名 ++down （1）sth break down （2）sb calm down
（3）sth come down （4）sth cool down （5）sth/sb fall down （6）sth go down
（7）sb kneel down （8）sb look down
（9）sb look down (on （10 ）sth pour down （11 ）sb/sth slow down sb/sth)
某物坏了
某人冷静下来
某物掉下来，下跌
某物冷却
某物坍塌；某人失
某物落下，沉下
某人跪下
某人向下看
某人瞧不起 ...
（雨水等）泻
... 减速
17 、 during
【原始含】“ 在?期” all through a period of time eg: Not a
word did they say (during the meal).
I haven’ t had any meat (during the last
several years).
I saw Linda (during the meeting).
18 、 except
【原始含】
ex-cept “拿出来”， take out,除?以外eg:
Everyone was here except Tom.
【注意】 besides 表示“加”， except 表示“减”
【常搭配】
（1）except for sth
（2）except (that+ 句子 ) （3）nothing (except sth)
除??之外
除了?
只有?
; 除去?
19 、 for
【原始含】
“特定的某一方面”
因了多久
【引申含】 prep
（1）表示某一特定目的meant to be given to...
eg: I bought a gift for you.
He planned to write some stories for children.
You have won honor for our country.
Many people come here for the beautiful scenery every year.
The government provides water and food for
the poverty-stricken areas.
（2）表示某一特定方向（车、船等）；往，向，朝着 ...towards...
eg: She has left（for London）.
The bus is for Shanghai.
Passengers（for Tianjin）change at Beijing.
（3）表示某物特定的价值、数量the price of...
eg: I paid 5 dollars (for that book).
He rent the house (to me) (for 3000 yuan per month).
（4）在某一特定方面，当做，作为as eg:
I will keep it (for a souvenir).
Most of the museums have been used (for offices).
Don ’t take others ’ kindness (for granted).
A take
B for granted.
（5）表示特定的原因：因为，由于 ... Because of ...
eg: Bejing is famous (for its long history).
I was grateful (to you) (for what you had done).
He was criticized (for the careless attitude).
Forgive me (for keeping you waiting) (for a long
time).
（6）表示在某一特定方面或出于某种特定原因的赞成、支持
in support of ...
eg: I vote (for Mr. Li).
Our manager is (for cutting down production cost).
（7）表示特定时间或距离
certain length of time or distance
eg: We have learned English (for six years).
I haven ’t seen you (for ages).
That afternoon we walked (for miles) (along the river).
（8）在某一特定方面的影响，对于 ... in regard to ....
eg: She has a good taste (for music).
He has a natural gift (for drawing).
Dickens shows great sympathy (for the poor) (in his novels).
It ’s good (for you) (to do exercise regularly).
（9）就...而言，考虑到 ...considering eg:
She is small (for her age).
His maturity seems unsuitable (for a boy of sixteen).
It ’s quite fine weather (for spring).
【常见搭配】
一、 +(for+名)
（1）answer (for sth)...
（2）appeal (for sb)出庭...
（3）argue (for sth)...争
（4）ask (for sth)求要?
（5）charge (for sth/doing sth) ...要价，收
（6）compete (for sth) ...争
（7）account (for sth) 解，明 ...
（8）allow (for sth) 考到 ...
（9）call (for sb/sth) 去接某人；需要某物（10 ）care ( for sb/sth) 喜，想要 ...
（11 ）dig (for sth) 求?
（12 ）enter ( for sth) 名参加 ...
（13 ）go (for sb/sth) 攻某人；喜，想要某物
（14 ）head (for some place) 朝某地前
（15 ）leave (for some place) 出前往某地
（16 ）hope (for sth) 期待，希望 .... （17 ）long (for sth) 渴望 ...
（18 ）look (for sth/sb) 找 ...
（19 ）hunt (for sth) 追，取
（20 ）search (for sb/sth) 搜 ...
（21 ）pay (for sth) ...付款， ...付出代价
（22 ）prepare (for sth) ...准
（23 ）send (for sb) 派人去 ...
（24 ）sign (for sth) 收 ...
（25 ）stand (for sth/sb) 代表，象征 ....；容忍（26 ）strive/struggle (for sth) ...而斗
（27 ）study (for sth) 攻 ...
（28 ）vote (for sb) ...投票
（29 ）wait (for sb/sth) 等待 ...
（30 ）have an ear/eye ( for sth) ...有力
（31 ）pave the way (for sth) ...平道路，除障碍
二、be+ 形容 +(for+ 名 )
（1）be ambitious (for sth) ...雄心壮志的
（2）be anxious (for sb/sth) ...焦的，急切的
（3）be appropriate/suitable/fit (for sb/sth)
....适合的
（4）be celebrated/famous/noted (for sth)