第一部分 必修三 Module 6

Modul e 6Ol d and New

狂背单词////////////////////////////////////////////

Ⅰ.单词语境记忆

1.date from the Ming Dynasty始于明朝

2.remove historical relics 搬迁历史文物

3.a sentence structure句子结构

4.generate electricity 发电

5.historical relics历史遗迹

6.the submerged field 被淹没的田地

7.civil airport 民用机场

8.the Three－Gorges Dam三峡大坝

9.the longest canal in the world 世界上最长的运河

10.a news bulletin短新闻

Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆

1.poem n.诗；诗歌→poet n.诗人

2.global adj.全球的→globe n.地球；地球仪

3.observatory n.观察台→observe v t.观察→observation n.观察

4.engineering n.(土木)工程→engineer n.工程师

5.accommodate v t.容纳(乘客等)→accommodation n.住处，工作场所

6.construction n.建造；建设；建筑→construct v t.建设；建造

7.historical adj.历史的；有关历史的→historic adj.具有历史意义的→history n.历史

8.narrow adj.狭窄的v.变窄→narrowly ad v.狭窄地；勉强地

9.freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→frozen adj.凝固的；冻僵的→freeze v.使凝固

10.foggy adj.有浓雾的→fog n.雾

11.enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的→enormously ad v.巨大地；庞大地

12.ridiculous adj.荒唐的；可笑的→ridiculously ad v.荒唐地；可笑地

13.carving n.(尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)→carve v t.雕刻

『联想记忆』

1.含后缀－al单词荟萃

①regional adj.地区性的

②rural adj. 乡村的

③moral adj. 道德的

④equal adj. 平等的

2.合成名词(v.＋n.)一览

①watchtower n. 瞭望塔

②playground n. 操场

③pickpocket n. 扒手

④copyright n. 版权；著作权

3.由canal想到的

①strait n. 海峡

②reservoir n. 水库

③pool n. 池塘

④ocean n. 海洋

⑤stream n. 小溪

⑥channel n. 海峡

4.“冷暖”知多少

①freezing adj. 冷冰冰的

②icy adj. 冰冷的

③cold adj. 寒冷的

④hot adj. 热的

⑤cool adj. 凉的

⑥warm adj. 温暖的

狂背短语//////////////////////////////////////////////////////

『短语背诵』

1.date from起源于

2.of all time 有史以来

3.now that 既然

4.dream of/about 梦想

5.hold back 阻止；抑制；隐瞒

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8613843054.html,e true (梦想等)变成现实

7.make sense 有意义；有道理

8.crash into 撞上

『词块积累』

1.within five hours’ flying time5小时航程之内

2.live a happy life 过着幸福的生活

3.in September，2001 在2001年9月

4.on a clear day 在晴朗的天气

5.bring an end to 结束；终止

6.be on a visit to 正对……进行访问

7.of great importance 很重要

8.a large amount of 大量的

狂背佳句//////////////////////////////////////////////////////

1.It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。

2.Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?

既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，还有可能再看到它们吗？

3.Why do you think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?

你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？

4.It is the largest hydro－electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.

它(三峡大坝)是世界上最大的水力发电站和大坝，其建造费用超过了历史上任何一个其他建筑工程的费用。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.I think it is necessary for a language learner to analyze the sentence structures (结构) when reading an article.

2.It is reported that the newly－built airport in Beijing can accommodate(容纳) more people than the old one.

3.Every time the Spring Festival is coming，the terminal (候机厅) is crowded with many people returning home.

4.As we all suggest，the road needs to be broadened because it is too narrow (狭窄的) to allow two cars to pass at the same time.

5.The farmers found some cultural relics (遗迹) of ancient times when they were farming on the mountainous area.

6.It’s said that Mrs Smith has been removed (免职) from her position as managing director.

7.Of the six people in the plane that crashed (坠毁)，only one survived.

8.Don’t you think it is a ridiculous (荒唐的) idea to make petrol from water?

9.An enormous (巨大的) amount of money has already been wasted on this project.

10.The needle treatment dating (始于) from the ancient times has cured many diseases.

Ⅱ.词性变化练习

1.My sister Susan has made up her mind to major in engineering (engineer) at the university.

2.It is generally acknowledged that the bridge under construction(construct) links the village to the town.

3.There is an observatory (observe) at the top of the tower for people to observe stars and the sky.

4.How dangerous! We narrowly (narrow) avoided an accident just now.

5.The winter in my hometown is so extremely freezing (freeze) that everything

outside can be frozen.

6.We should try to follow the historical (history) trend and keep pace with the development of society.

7.Greenhouse Effect is not something of one country but a global (globe) problem.In other words，protecting the environment is the duty of every human being.

8.You can’t be more cautious of driving today for the weather is foggy (fog) outside.

Ⅲ.选词填空

1.I have been searching for a kind of chair designed_to make the old more comfortable when they sit for a long time.

2.This kind of tradition dating_from Tang Dynasty is replaced by a new life style with the development of society.

3.I don’t think it makes_sense to buy that expensive coat when those cheaper ones are just as good.

4.Believe it or not，I am excited to have my own house now for I never think my dream could come_true so soon.

5.The man tried to hold_back his anger when he knew he met unfair treatment，but in vain.

6.I have dreamt_of becoming a responsible English teacher like my father since I was a child.

7.They brought_an_end_to the meeting after three hours without reaching any agreement yesterday afternoon.

8.As far as I am concerned，the math problem is very difficult for the junior students to work_out.

Ⅳ.完成句子

1.The reason why people prefer to see films is that

it_takes_less_time_to_understand the whole story in the film.

人们喜欢看电影的原因是在电影中花费更少的时间就能理解整个故事情节。2.Is_it_possible_for_you_to_take an earlier bus next time?

下次你有可能搭乘早一点的公交车吗？

3.Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think is the most interesting?

这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？

4.Lily is more_diligent_than_any_other_student in her class.

莉莉比班里其他的任何一个学生都勤奋。

核心要点突破

1.date v i.始于(某一历史时期) v t.确定……的年代；注明日期于n.日期；约会

(1)date from/back to起源于；追溯到……

(2)set a date for 确定……的日期

out of date 过时的

up to date 现代的；最新的

单句语法填空

①Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving girl，which dates from the Han Dynasty.

②The news you told me was out of date but you thought it was up to date. [佳句背诵] I became a member of the company dating back to 1925.

我成了这家公司的一员，该公司创始于1925年。

[名师指津] date from/back to常指以“现在”为起点向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。它们没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。故它们用作定语时，要用现在分词形式。

2.accommodate v t.容纳(乘客等)；供应；使适应；迁就；向……提供v i.适应(1)accommodate...to...使……适合/迁就/迎合……

accommodate sb with sth 向某人提供某物

accommodate oneself to 使某人自己适应……

(2)accommodation n. 住所；膳宿

make accommodations for 为……提供膳宿

单句语法填空/一句多译

①I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation (accommodate) is included.

②我们应该使自己适应不断变化的形势。

→We should accommodate_ourselves_to the changing situation.

→We should adapt_ourselves_to the changing situation.

→We should adjust_ourselves_to the changing situation.

→We should accustom_ourselves_to the changing situation.

[佳句背诵] He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad. 他出国期间让我使用他的房子。

3.narrow adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄；缩小

单句语法填空/一句多译

①The final score of the basketball match was 93∶94.We were narrowly (narrow) beaten.

②这个孩子从船上掉入水中，险些淹死。

→The child had_a_narrow_escape from drowning when he fell overboard.

→The child narrowly_escaped being drowned when he fell overboard.

[佳句背诵] The young man has won the election by a narrow majority.

这个年轻人以微弱的多数票赢得了这次选举。

4.make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解

单句语法填空

①There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make any sense of them at all.

②There is no sense in complaining (complain).We should take action now. [佳句背诵] See，your computer has broken down again! It doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.(天津高考单选)

瞧，你的电脑又坏了！只是为了省一点钱买最便宜牌子的电脑没有意义。

5.bring an end to结束；终止

单句语法填空

①The long cruel winter came to an end at last，and then came a gentle warm spring.

②We studied for final exams for hours on end.

[佳句背诵] Winning the competition brought an end to his financial problems.

赢得这次比赛让他摆脱了经济问题。

6.It takes (sb) some time to do sth

It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion.(教材原句)

它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。

It takes (sb) some time to do sth意为“(某人)花费时间做某事”，it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth是句子的真正主语。此外，take还表示“需要”。

为某事

①As a member of the society，I am aware that being responsible is what it takes to make a better society.(湖北高考书面表达)

作为社会的一员，我意识到为了建设更好的社会需要责任感。

②The watch was very good，and he paid 20 percent down for it.

③A month before the event，I spent hours working (work) out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.(2016·浙江高考书面表达)

④The park was crowded，so finding an available site cost/took us some time.

→The park was crowded，so it took_us_some_time_to_find an available site. →The park was crowded，so we spent_some_time_(in)_finding an available site.

考纲词汇专练

Ⅰ.多义词专练——选择语境中加黑词汇的含义

1.remove

v t.去除，移开；拿走；开除；免职；脱去(衣物)；搬迁

①If a nest has four eggs and you remove one，the bird will not notice.拿走

②He removed his jacket when he arrived home.脱去

③He was severely criticized and removed from his post.免职

④The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the treaty.去除

⑤Three children were removed from school for bad behaviors.开除

2.hold back

阻止；妨碍；抑制(情感等); 隐瞒

①The police had to use force to hold back the crowd.阻止

②Hearing the bad news，I couldn’t hold back my tears.抑制

③You shouldn’t hold anything back from us; we want to know the whole story.隐瞒

④Farmers apparently hold back produce in the hope that prices will rise.储备；保留Ⅱ.微阅读——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义

1.Our proposal tries to accommodate the special needs of minority groups.顾及；考虑到

2.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.

(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)冷冰冰的；极冷的

3.When they say something silly or do something ridiculous，there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.

(北京高考)可笑的

Ⅲ.微完形——根据语境选出合适的词语

1.One of the most common ways in which people control rivers is by damming them.The past 50 years or so has seen an increase in dam _①_ worldwide，and at the beginning of the 21st century，there were about 800，000 _②_ globally，some towering more than 200 meters in height.

①A.exhibition B.construction

C.design

D.structure

②A.dams B.reservoir

C.watchtower

D.observatory

答案①B②A

2.The city government once held a discussion on whether to remove the old temple and build a park there.Some people thought it _①_ to do so because they thought only in this way could their dream of improving life come true，while others tried to hold it back because they thought this old temple deserved protecting.The officials tried to _②_ the disagreements between the two sides，but their efforts were in vain.As neither side wanted to give in，they had to bring an end to the discussion.

①A.make sure B.make progress

C.made sense

D.make a decision

②A.encourage B.enlarge

C.end

D.narrow

答案①C②D

Ⅰ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式——热考常考

1.The house dating (date) from the 19th century cost far more than expected.

2.The flight was called off because of the foggy (fog) weather.

3.As for me，it is not when to do the task but how to do it that is of great importance.

4.When she returned home，the inventor found that her computer

had_been_removed (remove) and she was very confused.

5.Ted never dreamt of being_offered (offer) a chance to study abroad soon.

6.You have already contributed greatly to the construction (construct) of this building.

7.It took me quite a long time to_improve (improve) my living conditions.

8.The problem of global (globe) warming should be paid special attention to.

Ⅱ.用所给动词的正确形式填空——不规则变化

1.His sudden visit yesterday afternoon brought (bring) an end to the meeting.

2.We will never be_held (hold) back by difficulties，however great they are!

3.It was so cold that the cold weather froze (freeze) the lake.

Ⅲ.根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义——熟词生义

A.support

B.stay still

C.offer

1.When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.(全国卷Ⅱ)B

2.To make more profits，many restaurants are willing to accommodate special orders.C

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2019·宁波十校联考)My mother has a unique way of embarrassing her children.Whenever she gets __1__ about something，she jumps up and down，screaming.We __2__ this as the “silly dance”．As her daughter，I find this __3__ embarrassing.Anytime she goes into the silly dance，I will __4__ slowly away，smile awkwardly，and __5__ to people，“No，she’s not my mother.”

Even though my mother brought me much __6__ when I was little，and even

though she __7__ does the silly dance when something goes her way，I now __8__ it.Because the silly dance shows just who she is，and it shows that she’s happy.__9__ she didn’t do her dance and just obeyed our wishes for “not __10__，Mom”，she would compromise who she is.

I owe a lot of my __11__ for the theater to my mother.I now sing publicly like my mother does.And my friends are always doing that __12__ awkward smile and usually __13__ under their breath，“Carolyn，public.”

So in many ways I’m becoming my mother.I’m not going to __14__ singing just because people feel embarrassed at it.I have no __15__ that I will embarrass my own children with my performance of the “silly dance”．So what? That’s who I am.

It’s my __16__ that everyone should dance to the beat of her own drum，even if the guy next to you gives you a(n)__17__ look.I believe in the things that set us __18__．I believe in being myself，no matter how many awkward smiles I __19__．I believe in the idea that never __20__ who I am.

【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们一个道理：不要在意别人的看法，要做自己。

1．A.excited B．disappointed

C．confused D．concerned

答案A[根据下文的“she jumps up and down，screaming”“does the silly dance when something goes her way”及“it shows that she’s happy”可知，母亲在兴奋时就会跳起“舞”来，因此选择A。excited“兴奋的”；disappointed“失望的”；confused“困惑的”；concerned“担忧的”。]

2．A.pick up B．take up

C．refer to D．turn to

答案C[我们把她的这种舞蹈称为“silly dance”。refer to...as...“把……称为……”。]

3．A.primarily B．gradually

C．occasionally D．completely

答案D[根据下句可知，作者认为这种舞蹈令自己非常尴尬，因此选择

completely“完全地，彻底地”。]

4．A.run B．rush

C．inch D．pull

答案C[根据句中的“slowly”“smile awkwardly”可知，此处指母亲无论何时跳起“舞”来，作者都会慢慢地走开。inch“缓慢地移动”，符合语境。]

5．A.apologize B．explain

C．complain D．respond

答案B[根据上下文语境可知，为了使自己摆脱尴尬的处境，作者会向人们解释(explain)道，“不，她不是我妈妈”。]

6．A.annoyance B．support

C．favour D．courage

答案A[根据上文的内容可知，此处应是表示尽管母亲在作者小的时候给她带来了很多困扰。annoyance“烦恼，苦恼”符合语境。]

7．A.even B．ever C．never D．still

答案D[虽然当有些事情进行顺利时，她仍然(still)会跳“silly dance”。] 8．A.avoid B．improve

C．enjoy D．ignore

答案C[根据上下文语境，此处指作者现在喜欢上了母亲表达喜悦的方式。因此选择enjoy。]

9．A.Unless B．If

C．In case D．Now that

答案B[根据语境，此处指如果母亲听从孩子们的意愿——不在公共场合跳“舞”，那她就违背了自我。根据句意可知，空处在此引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故选If。]

10．A.in public B．in person

C．in advance D．in vain

答案A[参见上题解析。下文中的“sing publicly like my mother does”是提示。in public“公开地，当众”；in person“亲自”；in advance“提前”；in vain“白费力气，徒劳”。]

11．A.affection B．talent

C．sympathy D．admiration

答案A[此处指作者把自己对戏剧的喜爱归功于自己的母亲。affection“喜爱”，符合句意。]

12．A.different B．unusual

C．extra D．same

答案D[根据上下文语境可知，此处指朋友们看到作者在公共场合唱歌，也会露出同样尴尬的微笑，因此选择same。]

13．A.shouting B．whispering

C．laughing D．cheering

答案B[根据下文中的“under their breath”可知，此处指的应是作者的朋友们通常会小声说道。whisper under one’s breath“耳语，小声说”，符合句意。] 14．A.make up for B．put up with

C．take to D．give up

答案D[根据语境可知，此处指作者不会仅仅因为会让别人感到尴尬就放弃(give up)唱歌。]

15．A.doubt B．idea

C．choice D．hope

答案A[此处指毫无疑问(doubt)，作者也会使自己的孩子们感到尴尬。] 16．A.advice B．dream

C．prediction D．belief

答案D[此处表示作者认为(belief)：每个人都应该按照自己的节拍去跳舞，即使你身边的人会向你投以奇怪的(strange)表情。]

17．https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8613843054.html,forting B．special

C．strange D．appreciative

答案C[参见上题解析。]

18．A.aside B．away

C．alike D．apart

答案D[此处指使我们有所区别的这些东西。set...apart“使与众不同，使突

出”。]

19．A.share B．receive

C．refuse D．remember

答案B[作者表示无论自己收到多少尴尬的笑容，作者都会相信要做自己。receive表示“(客观上)得到，收到”，符合句意。]

20．https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8613843054.html,promise B．ignore

C．forget D．suspect

答案A[此处指作者在坚持自我这个问题上永不妥协。compromise“妥协，让步”，符合句意。第二段最后一句中的“compromise who she is”也是提示。] Ⅱ.语法填空

The lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and a female, are 1.________(common) seen in front of the gates of traditional buildings.

The lion 2.________(regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power. The stone lions are also used to indicate the 3.________(rank) of officials.

It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted 4.________ the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty with 5.________ introduction of Buddhism into ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion, 6.________ can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales, the lion has become a symbol of 7.________ (brave), power and good luck.

It was also popular 8.________(decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions for the same reason.The 9.________ (well) known of this is the Lugouqiao (also as Marco Polo Bridge), 10.________(build)from 1189 to 1192. A famous proverb says, “The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountable.”

【语篇解读】文章介绍了中国传统艺术形式之一——石狮子雕塑。1．commonly[考查副词。根据句子结构，此处填副词作状语，可知答案为commonly。]

2．is regarded[考查被动语态。此处句意为：狮子被认为是百兽之王，所以此处用被动语态，可知答案为is regarded。]

3．ranks[考查名词。根据句意，此处指官员们的级别，故用复数形式ranks。] 4．at[考查介词。根据句子结构，此处填短语at the beginning of，可知答案为at。]

5．the[考查冠词。根据句子结构，后面有介词短语修饰的名词为特指，可知答案为the。]

6．which[考查定语从句。根据此处为非限制性定语从句，且先行词为“the lion”，可知答案为which。]

7．bravery[考查名词。根据句子结构，介词of后面接名词，可知答案为bravery。] 8．to decorate[考查非谓语动词。在it is adj.to do.句型中，it为形式主语，to do 为真正的主语，可知答案为to decorate。]

9．best[考查副词。根据句意，此处指最著名的，可知答案为best。] 10．built[考查非谓语动词。主句中Lugouqiao是build的逻辑主语，他们之间是被动关系，故填过去分词。]

Ⅲ.应用文写作

(2019·余杭高级中学一模)假定你是李华，将要参加你校英语俱乐部举办的英语演讲比赛，你对此感到有些焦虑。请你用英语给曾在你校工作过的心理学教授Dr.Jones写一封邮件，向他求助克服怯场(stage fright)的方法。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【参考范文】

Dear Dr.Jones，

How are you doing these days? Now I am faced with a problem and need your help.

An English speaking contest will be held by the English Club next month.It’s a good chance to improve my English so I want to take part.I am very excited but nervous because I have no experience and suffer from stage fright，so I am turning to you for help.Would you mind introducing me some good ways to overcome my stage fright? I would be very grateful if you could offer me some advice.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

Ⅳ.概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Have you ever really thought about the effects television has on your children？

98 % of families in the US have at least one TV，according to TV－Free America，and the TV is on an average of seven hours and 12 minutes a day.On average，a child aged 2－11 watches TV for 1，197 minutes a week！It is pretty surprising to see that the same age group of children only spend 38.5 minutes a week on a meaningful conversation with their parents.

As children start watching TV at a younger age，their behavior and relationships with their family can be affected more drastically.When a group of 4－to 6－year－olds were asked to choose between watching television and spending time with their fathers，54% preferred TV.But what if you don’t le t your small children watch TV？You may not.But if your toddler(学步的小孩) goes to daycare，you may not know 70% of daycare centers use the TV during a typical day.Shouldn’t they be playing with each other and learning，not doing something they can do at home?

Parents do not have to feel completely helpless.As of 2000，all TVs now have a chip that helps monitor and even block certain shows，with a parental control.All TVs have chips so if you feel TV is not as wonderful as it seemed before，just think you have at least a little power over what your kids watch.

But what is even more shocking is how much violence is shown on television.Some kids do enjoy that but most don’t.The percentage of children surveyed who said they felt“upset”by or “scared” of violence on TV is 91%！I think that shows containing violence or scary scenes should be broadcast at a later time，so smaller children will not be exposed to them.

【文章大意】

Paragraph 1：据TV－Free Americo所说，98%的美国家庭中都有电视，且电视平均每天开7个多小时。2至11岁的孩子每月花费到电视上的时间要比与父母聊天的时间多得多。

Paragraph 2：孩子们从很小的时候就开始看电视，不管是在家中还是在日间托儿

所，这对他们的行为和与家人的关系的影响也更大。

Paragraph 3：电视中监管芯片的引入使家长能更容易控制孩子们所看的电视内容。

Paragraph 4：因为许多孩子都不喜欢电视节目中的暴力因素，所以，电视台应往后调整那些含有暴力或者恐怖场景的电视节目的播出时间，从而使小孩子能避开这些内容。

【参考范文】

TV affects children much and 2 to 11－year－olds spend much more time on TVs every week than communicating with their parents.(要点1) Many children watch TV both at home and in daycare centers，negatively influencing the way they behave and the parent－child relationship.(要点2) The introduction of monitor chips to TV makes it easier for parents to control what kids watch，relieving their concerns.(要点3) Programs with violence are advised to be aired later to keep young children away from them.(要点4)