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2018届高三英语《高考阅读理解专项：主旨大意题》学案含答案

高考阅读理解专项：主旨大意题

Class：Name：Group：No：Learning Objectives：

1.Develop the ability to get the main idea of the passage

2.Learn to accumulate vocabulary while reading

Learning Key Points：

1.Learn the skill of finding out the topic sentence in the passage

2.Learn to summarize the main idea of the passage given

Learning Difficult Points：

1.How to find out the topic sentence of the passage

2.How to choose the best title of the passage given

Learning Procedures：

I.【Pre-class homework】

A.Introduction:

主旨大意、标题选择题是阅读理解试题中的必考题，所占比例虽不太大，但难度比较大。主旨大意是全文的核心，是作者在文章中努力通过各种细节信息来阐明的中心话题。主旨大意题旨在考查考生对文章的理解和概括归纳能力。主旨大意题包括：

1.主要内容型：问某段或某篇文章的大意，题干中常含有____________________________________________________________等词。

2.文章标题型：题干通常设置为_____________________________________

B. Practice：

Underline the topic sentence in the passage

1.According to some sleep researchers, a short period of insomnia (失眠) at midnight is not a disorder. It is normal. Humans can experience another state of consciousness around their sleeping, which occurs in the brief period before we fall asleep or wake ourselves in the morning. This period can be an extraordinarily creative for some people. The impressive inventor, Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas.

2.S tudies show that only seven percent of communication in everyday life is in words. Westerners expect people to look each other in the eyes when they are - 1 -

Editor：陈曼君

talking to each other. If you do not do that while you are talking, it is considered that you may not respect the other person, or that you may not be interested in what the other person is saying. In the west, pointing with one finger at a person while talking usually means that the person who is speaking is criticizing ( 批评) the one being pointed at. Therefore, understanding body language is very important in daily communication.

3. People believe that climbing can do good to hea lth. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? 1f you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you're wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms. Here, people are learning on climbing. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.

Choose the best answer:

1.The power of words, then, lies in their relation-with the things they bring up to our minds. Words become filled with meanings for us by experience ; and the longer we live, the more certain words bring ba ck to us the happy and sad events of our past ; and the more we read and lear n, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.

What’s mainly discussed in the paragraph?

A. The learning of new words.

B. The importance of old words

C. The relation of human experience with words.

2. The Forbidden city, 753 meters from east to west, and 961 meters from north to south, covers a total area d720, 000 square meters. It has several dozen major palaces of different sizes and some 9, 900 rooms, with a total floor area of 150. 000 square meters. Most of the buildings were bu ilt with wood and yellow roofs and they were build on blue-and-white stone foundations, looking brilliant. There are city walls, 10 meters high, and 52 meters wide, surrounding the Forbidden City.Three-storied towers are placed at each comer of the wall.

This paragraph is about__________________

A. the style of the Forbidden City

B. the owners of the Forbidden City

C. the history of the Forbidden City

D. the buildings of the Forbidden City

3. The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. S ilences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap（间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some tra ditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied（暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, sile nce is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic u nder discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons i n Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing（治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

Can you find out the topic sentence of the text？

- 3 -

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