超全 雅思阅读高频词汇 同义替换词

雅思阅读高频词，考点词，考点替换词，同义词汇总2016/4/2

雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换。

1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的

2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial

3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost

4.proportion/ percentage 比例

5.be involved (in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.] 涉及，卷入，参与

6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于

考虑到，尽管

6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳>< deduce /deductive推断

7.fortune/ destiny/ chances

8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission (尾气)排放/ over-exploit

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8915492845.html,plex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的

10.capacity能力，容量/ competence （竞争）能力/ ability 能力（笼统的）

11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure (insure)/ guarantee 押金

12.solely/ merely/ only

13.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列of

14.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人

15.believe/ assume (responsibility)/ suppose

16.授权，委托：authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔+ ment =right （权利）

17.purchase/ buy

18. ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理，道德的+ s =[n ]

19. modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]

20. insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing

21.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict 限制/ limit

22. circumstance 环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（环保）背景background 后台/ settings后台，布景/ context 上下文（文章中）

23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的>

24.移民：immigrant (进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant

25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing

26.神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred

27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic ( in-, non- 无毒的)

28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal

29.类似于：look like/ resemble

30. chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的

31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love

32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend 上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧

33.evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/ involve-involution 卷入，涉及

34. indicator/ predictor 表示诠释，预测

35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray/ manifest

36. therapist /expert/ specialist

37. 优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length

38. commonest/ frequent

39. 未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped

40. 退化：degenerate/ -tion [n] ->generate 生产，制造/ degrade ->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下

41. 分类：category-categorize/ class-classify

42. consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率

43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁

44. substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace

45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性

46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate (-ior) 绝缘，隔热（体）47．缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback

48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =>[n]/creative/revolutionary

易错拼写：environment/ convenient

49．neutral 中立的，中性的/negative 否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的50．ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8915492845.html,municate 沟通，传达，通报

52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8915492845.html,mitment 1 ~ to sth 奉献2 责任,义务

54.contribute to 导致~ result in /account for (占据)导致

54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)

55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on

明显的：apparently 显而易见的/patently 道貌岸然的/ obviously=>evidently

56.对…怀疑：(be) /skeptical/skeptical /dubious/ suspicious (about/of)

57.缺点，缺陷：drawback/ fault/ defect/ imperfection/ failing/ weakness/ shortcoming/ flaw

58.臭命昭著的：notorious->notoriety/ flagrant/ smelly/ odorous/well-known

59.机构，组织：association/ structure /organization

60.超过：exceed/ surpass

61.岩浆：molten rock/ lava/ magma

62.语言：linguist ~学家/ lingual和~有关的/ bilingual/ 双语

63.多种多样的：diversity/ variety/ breed/ species ,strain breed：[n]品种，[v]繁殖，培养，引起，造成

64.dialect 方言accent 腔调

65.开始的，初步的：begin/ launch/ initial (-ly) [v] 首字母，开始的/ initiate开始，发动->initiative 原创性= origin

66.贫穷：poor/ in poverty/ impoverished（被剥夺财产的）

67.杰出：eminence (-t)/ prominence (-t)/unusual

68.gene/ genetic defect ~缺陷/ anatomy解剖/ conceive构思，怀孕/ deliver分娩

69.辅助性：alternative 补充性/ therapist

70.演绎，推理：deduce->deductive / inferential >< induce 引导，引入，归纳-> induction 归纳

71.令人困惑的：bewildering/ puzzling/ perplexing

72.apply：紧靠，涂，将…应用于，适用，专心致力于，献身于

73.subsidize辅助/ subsidy 补助，补贴/ subsidiary

74. a factor in sth/ depend on sth

75. be preferred by/ choice

76. attitude to/ how

77. the present century/ modern society

78. broad/ great

79.in term of 按照，在…方面，关于/with regard to, in spite of 不顾，尽管

80. small-scale 小范围/ marginal 边缘处的

81. physical/ medical

82.negotiation/ agreement 谈判，洽谈/ 商定，协议

83. evolve/ develop

84.apartment/ accommodation 公寓/ 住房

85.virtual (love)/ simulate 模拟的（网恋）/ 模拟

86.catastrophe/ disaster 大灾难/ 灾难，不幸

87.innovate/ invent 革新，创新/ 发明，创造sculpture/ craft 雕刻，雕塑/ 工艺

88.exorbitant/ expensive 过度的，极高的/ 费用大的，昂贵的

89. be participant in/ take part in /participate in

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8915492845.html,bour [美，澳]/work

91. attend to/ take care of

92.dual employment/ dual-worker 双职工（家庭）

93.indicate/ predict 指示，表明，象征/ 预料，预言 A major contributor to/ be central to 来源，起点/ 是…的主要，中心原因

94.expert/ therapist 专家，能手；知识丰富的/ 某个专科的专家

95.lead to/ be associated with 相联系（带来…的好处）

96.balanced/ equitable 平等的

97.handicap/ disabled/primitive 残疾的，落后的

98. could not-and cannot/ has always been unable to by/ from

99. benefit/ advantage

100. substantial influence/ greater likelihood

101. agree on/ define

102. considered desirable/ effectiveness

103.masquerade/ (in) disguise 伪装

104.insignificant/ didn’t seriously 不重要/不严重的

105.inspect/ examine 审核,检查

106．caliber/ criterion 标准

107．no-one know>< notorious 无人知晓><臭名昭著的

108．dissatisfy/ argue 不满意/厌恶，讨厌

109.pessimism/ negative/ blue>< optimistic 悲观的，忧郁的>< 乐观的

110. unsatisfactory/ hardly be looked upon

111. identify/ define

112. turn… into/ become

113. urban/ rural/suburban

114.demolish/ knock down/ dismantle 毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）/ 敲，打

115.migration/ move 迁移/ 移动

116.pay/ charge sb for 向某人…猛攻，充电，负责，付费，控诉

117.separate/ split 分开，使隔绝，提取/ 分，劈开

118.fascination/attraction (-e:[v]) 迷住，吸引住

119.not require/ unnecessary 不需要/ 不必要

120.decode/ decipher 译解（密码），解释

121.delay/ drawback= disadvantage 耽误，延迟/ 欠缺，弊端

122.association/ organization 机构，关联/ 组织

123.*recent/ current/ nowadays/present 最近的/ 现代的/ 当今的/现在124.intensive burst/ explosive release 强烈的爆发/ 爆炸性的释放

125.recognized/ identified 承认，识别，认可/ 识别，鉴别

126.aim to/ focus on 针对，目标，打算/ 集中

127. link…to/ lead to 连接/导致，通向

128. inadequate (diet)/ deficiency (in trace minerals) 不充分，不适当的/ 缺乏，不足129.basic/ fundamental 基础的，基本的

130.seize/ catch 捕捉，抓住

131.fatal/ lethal 致命的

132.success on/ running on 成功

133.costly/ be related by 有关系的

134.be obtained in/ be derived in 获得，流行，通用/ 由…产生，起源于

135.high-income/ wealthy 高收入的/富裕的

136.be alike/ be similar to 相同的，相似的

137.indicate/ show 显示，指出，象征

138. eliminate/ lessen ><消除/ 减少

139. not risen significantly/ stagnate 停滞不前的

140.salary/ wage 工资：总称/ 蓝领的

141.create/ gain 创造，造成/ 获得，增加efficiently/ increased productivity 有效率的/ 上升的生产率

142.economy/ financial 经济

143. administration/ management

144.(be) sympathetic/ understand 同情的，赞同/ 理解

145.introduce/ involve 引入/ 卷入

146. change/ different

147.die>< exist 死亡><存在

148. almost/ approximately

149. be out of date/ be developed

150.solve/ reduce 减少

151. famous/ eminent

152. barrier/ hurdle

153. higher position/ top post

154.Advantage: virtue,merit,benefit, positive aspect, strength, 好处,优点,长处

155.Disadvantage: weakness, failing, weakness,defect,drawback, negative aspect, fault不利,缺点,缺陷

156.Casual: arbitrary, unplanned, unexpected, 随意的

157.Effective: efficient, effectual, fruitful, productive, valid多效的

158.Criticize: reproach, blame, 批评

159.Flaw: weakness, defect 缺点

160.Ability; capability, power, caliber能力

161.Dishonest: deceptive 不诚实的

162.Fair: equitable, equal, impartial, 公平的

163.Success: achievement, feat 成功

164.Reason: factor, contributor, origin, 原因

165.Result: outcome, consequence, implication结果

166.Result from: arise from, originate from, be due to, thanks to, 由于，因为

167.Give rise to: contribute to, lead to, result in, cause, breed, create, incur导致

168.Disaster: catastrophe 灾难

169.Pollute: contaminate 污染

170.Poisonous: toxic 有毒的

171.Decrease; fall, drop, plunge, decline, step back, downward, minimize, abate下降

172.Increase: rise, go up, surge, grow, 上升

173.Growing: increasing, rising, 上升的

剑桥四阅读考点替换词

名词：

1.the destruction of rainforests （原文）--the loss of the rainforests

2.rainforest conservation( 原文)—the rainforests to be protected

3.the geographical location—where the rainforests were

4.courtship ritual—mating

5.feeding—eating

6.young people—teens

7.high standing—high opinion

8.take courses—retrain

9.domestic building—dwellings

10.economic progress—economic growth

形容词：

11.Rudimentary—underdeveloped

12.Well-developed—best developed

13.Surprised—taken aback

14.be loath to/be conservative about —be reluctant to

15.chronic—long-term

16.Awareness—conscious

17.basic--fundamental

动词：

1.Resemble—make similar choices/look like

2.choose entrepreneurship—set up their own business

3.make unbiased statements—comment objectively on

4.deal only with—focus on

5.be derived from—be gained from

6.break records—set new records

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8915492845.html,prehend—explain

8.be broken down—be subdivided

9.predict—estimate

10.the elderly—elderly people

副词：With tremendous force—violently

AB 相关替换

1.media coverage—Newspaper and television

2. A curve inside the circle—a symbol

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8915492845.html,ernment policy—government initiative

4. A growing interest in cultural identity—increasing appreciation

5.Bilingualism—more than one language

6.Facial expression—body language

7.Nutriment—diet

8.Pots, tools and weapons—objects

关系替换：

1.People can learn…-- it can teach people…

2. A depends on B—B affect A

按字母排列

Abide by=comply with遵守

Accelerate=speed up加速

Achieve=obtain得到、获得

Adapt to=integrate into使适应、融为一体

Aim.n=objective 目的

Aim at=focus on=concentrate on=emphasize on 集中、强调

An array of=a list of =a set of=a series of 一系列

Attempt to do=try to do尝试作，想要作

Approximately=roughly=about=some=around 大约

Appreciation=interest 欣赏

As a result=consequently=as a consequence 因此、从而

As well as=and和

Associate with=connect with=link with=relate to=involve in与……相关联Attach to=connect to=link to=serve与……相连接、附着在……上

At will=at random＝by chance=by accident=accidentally随意地Automatically ensure=guarantee保证

B

Be free of=with out=no 没有

Be similar to=closely resembled 相似

Be used to=be devoted to专门用于

Be equivalent to=be equal to 等同于

Be taken aback=be surprised 吃惊

Briskly =rapidly=swiftly快速地

C

Calculate=measure 衡量

Catch up with=keep pace with跟上步伐

Chronic=long term 慢性病的

Complain=illness 病症

Concern n. =focus关心的问题

Concern v. =about 与……有关

Concur with sb=agree with sb 同意某人

Concept =conception=notion=idea=understanding概念、理解

Confront=encounter=in the face of面临

Conservation = protection 保护

Conserve=protect保护

Consist of=comprise of 由什么组成

Contaminate=pollute=poison 污染

Contend=assert断言

Contribute to=result in=lead to=link to=responsible for导致Cooperate with=work with 与……协作

Convert to=turn to 转为、转变为

Crop up=crop out=come up 出现

D Degenerated=underdeveloped=degraded退化Development=invention 发展

Distract from= can not concentrate 使精力分散

Deadly=fateful 致命的

Diminish=decrease=shrink 减少

Distort reality=far from reality=dishonest不真实的Distinction=difference=nuance 不同之处

Due to = because of = without a view to 由于

E Endanger=threaten 威胁

Ensure = make sure 确保

Establish=set up建立

Evolvement=development=progress发展、发育

Embark upon=start开始

Enlighten=illuminate=instruc=educate启蒙、给予知识

F

Fail to do=can not do没有能够做

Far from=not at all根本不

Fault=flaw=defect错误，缺损

Form=shape 形成

Foundation=basis基础

Finance=sponsor 提供赞助（金钱）

Free=release释放

Frequently=often 经常

G

Great milestone=impact=effect=influence对……具有很重要的影响力Guarantee to do sth =promise to do sth 保证做某事

H Hold=harbor拥有

Halt=stop 阻止、使停滞

Hurdle=barrier 阻碍

I

Identical=the same一模一样

In addition to=besides 除了

Indicate=show表明

In reaction to=respond to 对……起反应

In the event of= in case of 万一

Interpret=illustrate解释

Introduce to=import to引入

K

Key a.=important=significant=crucial=essential重要的，关键的

Key n.=approach=means=method=technique方法

L

Likelihood=possibility可能性

Link-up=connection 联系

M

Match sth to=assign sth to把……和……搭配起来

Misconception=misunderstanding=mistaken view错误的理解

Modify=change修改、改变

Manifestation=demonstration 显示、表明

Measure=access=rate评估

N

Nature=character本质、特点

Non-toxic= less poisonous=safe 无毒的、安全的

Novel a.=fresh=new=up to date 新潮的、创新的

O

Owing to=thanks to =contribute to多亏……，有赖于……

Overestimate = overate 过高估计

P

play a vital role in = have an important part or role in起重要的作用，扮演重要的角色Pore over=study 研究

Preserve=store 储存

Resemble=like 像

Prevailing=popular 盛行的

Present day=modern society 现代社会、现在时代

Prior to = before 先于

Prodigious effort=enormous effort重大的努力

Produce=trigger=generate=spawn=bring about=result=breed激发、产生

Provide=offer 提供

Protect A from B =shelter A from B 使A不受B的侵害

Q

Quest=desire 渴望

Questionnaire=survey 问卷调查

R

Range from … to…= be from … to …从……到……

Readily=easily=accessible 容易地

Relate to=understand=appreciate理解

Rely on=depend on 依靠……

Residue=remains=relics=relicts剩余物、废墟

S

Seek for = search for =hunt for寻求，寻找

Striking=noticeable值得注意地

Substantial=considerable 想当可观的

Success=achievement=great outcome=great progress=huge development成功、成就Surprising=unexpectedly uncommon令人吃惊的

T

Take to=be used to=get used to 对……习惯

Tuition=formal teaching正式的学校教育

Turn to=consult 寻求帮助、求助于

Toxic=poisonous 有毒的

U Unbiased=without prejudice 无立场、不带任何偏见的

Up to=depend on/upon 由……决定

V Virtue=advantage=asset 优点

W Work out=figure out=reckon 计算出、作出

剑桥雅思真题456中的替换关系

●Recognize = identify

●Ethical=Moral

●plenty of=Considerable=significant amount of

●Almost certainly=little doubt

●Modification=change=alteration=adjust

●Better=Improve（方向词）

●Live=residence=inhabitant

●first=initial=primary

●Important=worthy trying=significant=essential

●People=mortal=human=mankind

●Reflect=feature=represent

●Legitimate= have right to

●long term=chronic

●Interest （for borrowing）=slightly more money

●Feasible=practical

●Susceptible =allergic predisposed vulnerable

●mistaken=misconception =confusion=misunderstanding

●have yet to determine =yet not known

●release stress/tension= (psychic tension is) punctured=

●Diversity=variety

●accompanying=with

●Aesthetic=beautiful

●Rigid = not yielding

●focus on=emphasize=narrow down

雅思高频同义词

☆artificial

synthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudo

☆conventional

traditional, historical, past; accepted, common, regular, routine, mainstream, ordinary ☆demand

request, claim, need, order, require, call for

☆decline

decrease, degeneration, drop, fall, recession, depression, reduction, slump, worsening ☆develop

evolve, advance, grow, improve, progress, flourish

☆difficulty

handicap, hardship, adversity, challenge, complication, dilemma, perplexity, plight, trouble

☆early

first, old, ancient, primitive, previous, former, remote

☆find

discover, come across, encounter, hit on, expose, notice, note, observe, recognize, spot, uncover ☆future

what's next, prospect, approaching, expected, destined, forthcoming

☆how

describe, operate, explain, clarify, demonstrate, eludicate, expound, illustrate, interpret, account for

☆inevitable

unavoidable, certain, destined, fated, inescapable, sure

☆militant

armed, belligerent, army, weapon, warlike

☆objection

commercial challenge, complaint, disapproval, opposition, protest, query, question, remonstration ☆obstacle

bar, barricade, barrier, block, blockage, check, obstruction, problem, snag, hurdle

☆prevalent

common, usual, prevailing, widespread, systematic, collective, general, popular

☆reduce

curtail, cut, decrease, halve, impair, lessen, moderate, trim, slash

☆role

function (provide, support, weaken, smooth, solve), job, position, duty, post, task, contribution ☆recent

modern, current, now, nowadays, today, contemporaneous, new, novel, present, up-to-date

☆simulate

virtual, create, reproduce, pretend, imitate

☆significance

importance, milestone, impact, justification, gist, implication, point, purport, vital business, economic, financial, mercantile, profitable, pecuniary

☆worldwide

international, cosmopolitan, global, universal, ubiquitous, widespread, around the world

解决：solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, tackle

消除：get rid of, eradicate, eliminate

依赖：rely on, depend on, count on

十分：very much, immensely, hugely, largely, greatly, enormously, tremendously

损害：damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair

给予：give, offer, render, impart, provide

发展：develop, cultivate, foster

优势：advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength

缺陷：disadvantage, detect, demerit, drawback, downside,

雅思剑桥5阅读替换词

AB相似替换: 同义词

Time limit—deadline

Confer sth. On—bring sth. To

Be associated with—establishment/be linked to

Built-in—biological

Expect—predict

Help—have a positive effect on

Advantageous trait—positive survival mechanism

Get worse—take a pessimistic view

Slow down—restrict

Provide what … wants—meet …’s expectation

Urgent—most pressing

When heated—under heat

The first—in origin

Extract—remove

Dub—consider

Be punctured by—release of nervous energy

―ah ,ah‖ noise—particular noise

demanding—more difficult

outlook—subjective view

how…works—the operation of

revolution--development

AB关系替换：

Sth. Prevail upon King George III to – be granted sth. By the king 剑5 第一套

Passage 1第二段

compile v.编辑，编纂