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新视野大学英语第三版读写教程Book1--Unit3电子教案

Unit 3

Digital campus

Understanding and Learning

Overview

This unit discusses the pros and cons of the use of new technology in young people’s lives. Young people are the most eager group to use new electronic gadgets. They are also more likely to develop addiction to the Internet and electronic gadgets, which may lead to many undesirable consequences. We hope that students can understand the benefits of the Internet and electronic gadgets and at the same time realize the possible negative effects of obsession with them.

Text A emphasizes the positive effects of the electronic gadgets on students’ studies and lives. We hope students, after reading the text, can answer such questions as why some universities have spent so much money establishing easy access to the Internet, what electronic gadgets are popular on campus, and how these gadgets facilitate their study. We expect students to discuss how the Internet is promoting or hindering their learning, and which teaching method is better, the traditional approach or the multimedia approach.

In contrast with Text A, Text B depicts the severe consequences caused by Internet addiction. Through comparison and contrast, students are expected to be fully aware of both the pros and cons of the use of new technology. We would also like them to ask themselves whether they are or were cyber addicts, discuss what causes a person to become a cyber addict, and how they can prevent themselves from becoming Internet-addicted. Meanwhile, students should be encouraged to be masters of science and technology rather than be controlled by them.

As to writing styles, Text A is like a news report because it provides some data and cites quotations with sources. Therefore，it sounds more convincing than Text B, which cites indirect quotations without providing sources.

Classroom activities may include group discussions, surveys and debating. For example, ask students to interview a few classmates about what kind of teaching and learning style they prefer and discuss their findings in groups, or ask them to debate whether a university should provide Internet access anywhere, anytime. Also, ask students to study the arguments and evidence in the two texts and decide which text is more persuasive and why.

Section A

College life in the Internet age

Background information

Smartphones

A smartphone is a device with which one can not only make phone calls, but also send and receive email, and edit Office documents. But what makes smartphones so popular is that they can access the web at higher speeds, thanks to the growth of 3G and 4G data networks, as well as the Wi-Fi support. But as the technology is constantly changing, what constitutes a smartphone today may change by next week, next month, or next year. Stay tuned!

Detailed study of the text

1. The college campu s, long a place of scholarship and frontiers of new technology, is being transformed into a new age of electronics by a fleet of laptops, smartphones and connectivity 24 hours a day. (Para. 1)

Meaning: For a long time, the college campus has been a place to provide education and produce most advanced new technology. But it is now being completely changed into an electronic-age hot spot by the wide use of laptops, smartphones, and access to the Internet 24 hours a day.

★campus: n. [C, U] the land and buildings of a university or college (大学或学院的) 校园

All freshman students live on campus. When they are in their second year at college, they may live off campus. 所有大学一年级的学生都住在校园里。大学二年级时, 他们可以住在校外。

★scholarship: n. [U] the knowledge, work or methods involved in serious study 学问；学识；学术研究

This book series is regarded as a magnificent work of scholarship. 这套丛书被认为是学术巨著。★frontier: n. [C, usu. pl.] the most advanced or recent ideas about sth. (思想的)前沿；(知识的) 新领域

They were very excited about their work on the frontiers of medicine, for they were developing a medicine that might be able to cure lung cancer. 他们对自己在医学研究新领域的工作感到非常兴奋，因为他们正在研发一种可能治愈肺癌的药物。

★transform: vt. completely change the appearance, form, or character of sth. or sb., esp. in a way that improves it 使改观；使变形；使转化

The president of the university said that they were trying their best to transform their university into a top school in the country. 这个大学的校长表示，他们正竭尽全力把他们的学校建设成为全国的一流大学。

★electronics: n. [U]

1) electronic equipment or equipment with electronic parts 电子设备；电子仪器

Storms, thunder and lightning can affect a car’s electronics.暴雨和雷电会影响汽车的电子仪器。

2) the science and technology that uses or produces electronic equipment 电子学；电子技术

He is an electronics engineer, but he likes to write with a pen instead of a compute. 他是电子工程师，但是他喜欢用笔写字，而不是用电脑打字。

★fleet: n. [C] a group of vehicles, planes, boats or trains, esp. when they are owned by one organization or person 车队；机群；船队

Survivors were taken to a hospital in a fleet of ambulances. 幸存者被救护车队送往医院。Note: The word fleet is used metaphorically here. It is a kind of word play. You could say a fleet of laptops, or an army of laptops, or a host of laptops. For example: He sat in the back yard in the sun, watching a fleet of white clouds overhead. 他坐在后院晒太阳，看着天上的朵朵白云。2. On a typical modern-day campus, where every building and most outdoor common areas offer wireless Internet access, one student takes her laptop everywhere. (Para. 2)

Meaning:On a typical campus nowadays, where wireless Internet access is available in all buildings and most outdoor public areas, a student can use her laptop at any place.

★typical: a. like most things of the same type典型的；有代表性的

Notice the sentences in the text that are relatively long, which is typical of a news report. 注意这篇文章中的句子比较长，这在新闻报道中是很典型的。

★access: n. [U] the right or opportunity to have or use sth. that will bring you benefits享用权；享用机会

Students and faculty in the university have free access to the computer lab.大学的学生和教职员工可以免费使用那个机房。

3. In class, she takes notes with it, sometimes instant-messaging or emailing friends if the

professor is less than interesting. (Para. 2)

Meaning:She takes notes with her laptop in class, and sometimes sends instant messages or emails to friends if the professor’s class or lecture is not i nteresting.

★instant-message: v. exchange written messages over the Internet with people that you know发送即时消息

She doesn’t like instant-messaging. When she has something to say, she will make a phone call.她不喜欢发即时消息。有话要说时，她就打电话。

★less than interesting / honest / helpful, etc.: not at all interesting, honest, helpful, etc.一点也没有意思/一点也不诚实/一点也没有帮助等

The management of the college is less than satisfactory. 这个学院的管理不尽如人意。

4. In her dorm, she instant-messages her roommate sitting just a few feet away. (Para. 2) Meaning:In her dorm room, she even sends instant messages to her roommate, who is sitting only a few feet away from her.

5. She is tied to her smartphone, which she even uses to text a friend who lives one floor above her, and which supplies music for walks between classes. (Para. 2)

Meaning: She is so attached to her smartphone that she even uses it to send messages to a friend who lives just upstairs. She also uses it to listen to music when she walks from one class to another.

★be tied to sth.: be tied to sth.:

1) be related to sth. and dependent on it和某物联系在一起；依附于某物

Our economy is closely tied to import and export. 我们的经济和进出口紧密相关。-

2) be restricted by a particular situation, job, etc., so that you cannot do exactly what you want被某事物束缚/约束/限制

Many young mothers are tied to the home and children.许多年轻母亲被家庭和孩子所牵绊。

★text: vt. send a written message to sb. using a mobile phone (用手机)给…发短信

Her boyfriend didn’t call or text her all day, which made her quite upset.她的男朋友一整天都没有给她打电话，也没有发短信，这让她很不安。

6. Welcome to college life in the 21st century, where students on campus are electronically linked to each other, to professors and to their classwork 24/7 in an ever-flowing river of information and communication. (Para. 3)

Meaning: Welcome to college life in the 21st century. On campus students are all the time—24 hours a day, 7 days a week—connected with each other, with their professors and with their classwork by electronic devices in a forever flowing river of information and communication. Note: Literally 24/7 means 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. If we say something happens 24/7, we mean that it happens all the time, or without stopping. For example:

Our store opens 24/7; we don’t even close on Christm as and Thanksgiving. 我们的商店全天候营业，甚至在圣诞节和感恩节我们也不关门。

have become the most Internet-accessible spots in the world. (Para. 3)

Meaning:Because many colleges provide wireless Internet access everywhere on campus, colleges as a whole have become places where the Internet is most widely used in the world.

★accessible:a. easy to obtain or use 易得到的；易使用的

He has made some attempts to make opera accessible to a wider public. 他作了一些尝试，想让歌剧能有更多的受众。

8. Students say they really value their fingertip-access to the boundless amount of information online, and the ability to email professors at 2 a.m. and receive responses the next morning. (Para.4)

Meaning: Students say that they really think it very important to have easy access to unlimited amounts of information on the Internet and to be able to send emails to their professors even after midnight and receive their replies the next morning.

★fingertip: n. [C] the end of your finger that is furthest away from your hand 指尖

She touched the baby’s cheek gently with her fingertips. 她用指尖轻轻地碰了碰婴儿的脸蛋。★boundless: a. without a limit or end无限的；无穷的；无边无际的

He always has boundless energy and enthusiasm. 他总是有着无穷的精力和热情。

★response: n.

1) [C] sth. that is said or written as a reply回答；答复

We wrote to the manager to complain about the poor service, but received no response yet. 我们给经理写信投诉服务差，但还没得到回复。

2) [C, U] sth. that is done as a reaction to sth. that has happened or been said反应；响应

When he heard the news, his response was just a slight shake of the head. 当他听到这个消息的时候，他的反应只是微微地摇了摇头。

9. “I always feel like I have a means of communication —in class and out of class,” says one engineering major. (Para.4)

Meaning:“I always have the feeling that I have a way to communicate with others, whether in class or out of class,” says a student majoring in engineering.

★means: n. [C] (pl. means) a way of doing or achieving sth. 手段；方法；工具

Homework should not be used as a means of controlling children. 家庭作业不应被当做控制孩子的手段。

★engineering: n. [U] the work involved in designing and building roads, bridges, machines, etc.工程（设计）

She hoped to become an engineer, but her mother wanted her to major in law rather than in engineering. 她希望成为一名工程师，但是她妈妈希望她读法律而不是工科。

★major: n. [C] (AmE) sb. studying a particular subject as their main subject at college or university (大学中)主修某科目的学生；某专业的学生

She’s a history major, but she really likes engineering. 她是历史专业的学生，但她真正喜欢的是工科。

10. Many are using smartphones, not only to create their own dialects when texting, but also to do more serious work, such as practicing foreign languages and analyzing scripts from their theater classes. (Para. 5)

Meaning:Many students are using smartphones to send text messages by using their own style of language. They also use smartphones to do more serious work, for example, to practice foreign languages and to analyze scripts from their theater classes.

★dialect:n. [C, U] a form of a language which is spoken only in one area, with words or grammar that are slightly different from other forms of the same language方言；地方话；土语He’s been in Shanghai for five years, but he still can’t understand the Shanghai dialect.他来上海五年了，但还是昕不懂上海话。

Note: Here the word dialect refers to the language particularly used by young people when they exchange text messages, for example, “u” (you)，“thnx” (thanks), “btw” (by the way), “cool” (very attractive), “nuts” (crazy), “chicken” (coward) and so on.

★analyze: vt. (BrE analyse) examine or think about sth. Carefully, in order to understand it 分析；剖析

The teacher analyzed our mistakes in order to help us find the causes. 老师分析了我们的错误，以帮助我们找到出错的原因。

★script: n. [C] the written words of a play, film, television program, speech, etc. (戏剧、电影、电视节目、演讲等的)剧本，手稿

You can’t read your script when you are attending a speech contest. 参加演讲比赛的时候，你不能读演讲稿。

11. “It’s adding to students’ sense of excitement about the subject.” (Para. 5)

Meaning:“It makes students feel more excited about th e subject.”

★add to sth.: make a feeling or quality stronger and more noticeable增加；增添

Her rejection of our request has added to the uncertainty of the situation. 她拒绝了我们的要求，这使得形势更加不确定。

★sense: n. [C] a feeling about sth. (对某物的) 感觉

They say they are dealing with the problem, but there seems to be no sense of urgency. 他们说他们正在处理这个问题，但是似乎看不出他们有任何的紧迫感。

12. Professors have been encouraged to tape their lectures and post them online. (Para. 5) Meaning: Professors have been encouraged to record their lectures and put them online.

★tape: v. record sounds or pictures using tape (用磁带) 录音，录像

Did you tape the professor’s lecture today? 今天教授的讲座你录下来了吗?

★post: vt. put a message or computer document on the Internet so that other people can see it贴；公布

He posted some of his pictures on his website. 他在自己的网站上了贴了几张自己的照片。13. “We realized there might be some potential for a device that could get attention and encourage sophisticated thinking,” says one leading university director. (Para. 5)

Meaning: According to a director from a leading university, smartphones have the potential to get

students’ attention and promote deep and high-level thinking.

★device: n. [C]

1) a machine or tool that does a special job设备；仪器；装置

She invented a device that automatically closes windows when it rains. 她发明了一种下雨时能自动关窗的装置。

2) a special way of doing sth. that makes it easier to do (使做某事更容易一些的)特殊方法，手段Testing yourself with information on cards is a useful device for studying. 用卡片上的信息进行自我测试是一种有效的学习方法。

★sophisticated:a.

1) having a lot of experience of life, and good judgment about socially important things such as art, fashion, etc. 见多识广的；老练的；有鉴赏力的

Her extensive social experience is what makes her so sophisticated. 正是她丰富的社会经验使她变得很老练。

2) complicated and advanced in design复杂的；精密的；尖端的

This sophisticated technology has won praise from customers at home and abroad. 这项尖端的技术赢得了国内外消费者的一致好评。

14. For most undergraduates, non-stop Internet connectivity is the fuel of college life. (Para. 6) Meaning:For most undergraduate students, continuous access to the Internet is what supports college life.

Note: In the sentence fuel is used metaphorically. In order to produce heat or energy, you have to burn a substance such as coal, gas, or oil. Students also need something, in this case, Internet connection, to get along with their studies and lives.

★undergraduate: n. [C] a student who is studying for a first degree at a college or university (在读的) 大学(本科) 生

She majored in accounting when she was an undergraduate student. 她读本科时学的是会计。

★non-stop:a.

1) continuing without stopping不断的；不停的

We had three days of almost non-stop rain. 我们有三天几乎不断地在下雨。

2) going directly from one place to another直达的

I always took a non-stop flight from Los Angeles to Berlin. 我总是乘坐从洛杉矶到柏林的直飞航班。

15. More than just toys, these instruments are powerful tools for the storage and management of virtually every kind of information. (Para. 6)

Meaning:These instruments are not just toys. They are powerful tools to store and deal with almost any kind of information.

16．And as more people around the world adopt these instruments, they are becoming indispensable. (Para. 6)

Meaning:All of these instruments—laptops, smartphones, and wireless Internet access—are becoming essential as more people around the world use them.

★adopt: vt.

1) decide to start using a particular idea, plan, or method采用；采纳；采取

If you want to improve your situation, you must adopt a positive attitude. 如果你想改善你的处境，你必须采取积极的态度。

2) take sb. Else’s child into your home and legally become its parent收养；领养

He is heartbroken over this earthquake and he would like to adopt an orphan from the area. 这次地震让他感到心碎，他想从这个地区收养一名孤儿。

★indispensable:a. difficult or impossible to exist or do sth. without不可缺少的；必不可少的Good dictionaries are indispensable in English learning. 对英语学习来说，好词典是必不可少的。

17. So, students should use the wonders of the Internet to do homework, review lecture outlines, take part in class discussions and network online with their friends. (Para. 6)

Meaning:So, students should use the amazing functions of the Internet to do their homework, review main points of lectures, take part in class discussions and connect with their friends on the Internet.

★outline:n.

1) [C, U] the main ideas or facts about sth., without the details 纲要；梗概；要点

Just tell me the outline of the story now. Tell me the details later. 现在只需要告诉我这个故事的梗概，之后再告诉我细节。

2) [C] a line around the edge of sth. which shows its shape外形；轮廓

The outlines of animals were cut into the rock. 动物的外形被刻在岩石上。

★network:

vi. meet and talk to people in order to receive or give information, esp. about business opportunities交流；沟通；(尤指)建立商业联络

You’ve always got to network and make new contacts. 你总得与人交流，并建立新的关系。v. connect several computers together so that they can share information (计算机) 联网

Our work efficiency will be much improved when all our computers and office equipment are networked. 当我们所有的电脑和办公室设备联网时，我们的工作效率将会大大提高。

18. But in doing so, students must remember to regulate and balance their time. (Para. 6) Meaning: But in doing so, students must remember to control and balance their time online and offline.

★regulate:vt.

1) control an activity or process, esp. by rules控制；管理

Legal and economic measures should be taken to regulate the food industry. 必须采取法律和经济手段来管理食品行业。

2) make a machine or your body work at a particular speed, temperature, ete. 调整；校准；调节Can you regulate the pace of this watch so that it keeps good time? 你能不能调一下这块表，让它走得准一些?

19. Too much time online can mean too little time in real-life studying or exercising or visiting with friends. (Para. 6)

Meaning: If you spend too much time online, you may not have much time in your real life to study, do physical exercise, or talk with your friends.

★real-life: a. (only before noun) actually happening in life, not invented in a book真实的；实际发生的；现实生活中的

This is not an imaginary question. This is a real-life problem. 这不是假想出来的问题，这是实际存在的问题。

★visit with sb.: (AmE) talk socially with sb. 叙谈；闲谈

He is so busy that he hardly has time to visit with his friends. 他忙得几乎没时间和朋友聊天。

20. Students should not let the Internet world on their computer screens take them away from the

real world outside. (Para. 6)

Meaning:Students should not get caught up and spend too much time in the virtual world so that they neglect the real world.

21. Colleges began embracing Internet access in the mid-1990s, when many began wiring dorms with high-speed connections. (Para. 7)

Meaning: Colleges started to use the Internet in the mid-1990s. At that time many colleges began equipping dorms with high-speed Internet connections.

★wire: vt. connect a piece of electrical equipment to sth., or connect the wires inside a piece of equipment将电子设备连接到；给…接上电线

Each of the homes is wired for cable television. 家家户户都安装了有线电视。

22. In the past few years, schools have taken the lead by turning their campuses into bubbles of Wi-Fi networks. (Para. 7)

Meaning:In the past few years, schools have been the first to transform their campuses into places connected with Wi-Fi networks.

★take the lead:

1) do sth. as an example for others to follow 树立榜样；带头

It is generally acknowledged that e-business will take the lead in this digital Internet economy. 大家普遍认为，电子商务在数字网络经济中会起到领头羊的作用。

2) start winning a race or competition (赛跑或竞赛中) 开始领先

The Houston Rockets took the lead for the first time this season. 休斯敦火箭队本赛季首次领先。

★bubble: n. [C]

1) a structure that is round like a bubble泡状物

The new building looks like a bubble. Actually, it is a huge round building with everything in it, including stores, restaurants, and movie theaters.这个新建筑看上去像个大气泡。其实，它是个巨大的圆形建筑物，里面什么都有，包括商店、饭店和电影院。

2) a ball of air or gas in liquid (液体中的) 气泡，泡沫

As water begins to boil, bubbles rise fast to the surface. 当水开始沸腾的时候，气泡会很快地升到水面上。

23. In fact, a recent study in the US found that information technology accounted for 5% to 8% of college budgets, up from an estimated 2% to 3% in the mid-1980s. (Para. 7)

Meaning: In fact, a recent study in the US found that 5% to 8% of the money that colleges had spent was used for information technology. In the mid-1980s the percentage was estimated to be 2% to 3%.

★account for:

1) form, use, or produce a particular amount or part of sth. (在数量或比例上)占，占据According to the survey, students and children accounted for more than 50% of the visitors to Disneyland last year. 据调查，去年到迪士尼的游客中，学生和儿童的人数占了半数以上。

2) be the reason why sth. exists or happens是…的原因；引起；导致

The police are trying to find out what accounts for the high rate of crime in this area. 警察正尽力弄清楚该地区犯罪率高的原因。

3) give a satisfactory explanation of why sth. has happened or why you did sth. 解释；说明

Can you account for your activities on that night? 你能说明一下你那晚都有哪些活动吗?

★budget:n. [C] the money that is available to an organization or person, or a plan of how it will

be spent预算

They are preparing the company’s advertising budget for next year. 他们正在做公司明年的广告预算。

★estimate:vt. try to judge the value, size, speed, cost, etc. of sth., without calculating it exactly 估计；估算

With so many variables, it is very difficult to estimate the exact cost of this project. 由于有这么多可变因素，所以很难估算出这个项目的确切成本。

★estimated: a. (of value, size, speed, cost, etc.)

calculated roughly据估计的

The estimated population of this small town is about 15, 000. 据估计，这个小镇的人口有1.5万人。

24. On one campus, students use Wi-Fi to fire off instant messages, review their homework assignments, and check their bank balances. (Para. 8)

Meaning: On one campus, students use Wi-Fi to send instant messages, review their homework, and check the amount of money they have in their bank accounts.

★fire off:

1) quickly send a message or give instructions匆忙发出(讯息或指示)

Before you fire off an angry response, listen to me, and the facts might change your view. 在你作出愤怒的回应之前，先昕我说。我所讲的事实也许会改变你的看法。

2) shoot with a gun or other weapon开(枪) ；开(炮)

Someone fired off guns right after midnight and that was really scary. 刚过午夜时有人开枪，真是恐怖!

★assignment: n.

1) [C] a piece of work that a student is asked to do作业

My literature assignment was to write a critical review of Jane Austin. 我的文学作业是写一篇关于简?奥斯汀的评论。

2) [C, U] a piece of work that is given to sb. as part of their job任务

Brian has gone to Greece on a special assignment. 布莱恩去希腊执行一项特殊任务。

★bank balance: n. [C] the amount of money sb. has in their bank account账户余额；银行存款余额

I check my bank balance about once a month. 我大约每个月查一下我的账户余额。

25. Just nine miles down the highway, another university had been feeling a bit of a technology inferiority complex. (Para. 8)

Meaning: Just nine miles down the main road, another university had been feeling inferior and anxious because they thought their technology was not as good as that of other universities.

★highway: n. [C] (esp. AmE) a wide main road that joins one town to another公路

Last night, five cars were involved in an accident on the highway, but it didn’t cause any death. 昨天晚上公路上五辆车发生了车祸，但是没有造成人员死亡。

★inferior: a. not good, or not as good as sb. or sth. else 差的；次的

It is stupid to think that women are inferior in intelligence to men. 认为女性的智力不如男性是愚蠢的。

★inferiority: n.[U] the fact that sb. or sth. is not as good, important, intelligent, etc. as sb. or sth. else 低人一等；下级；次等

There is no scientific evidence to support claims of racial superiority or inferiority. 没有科学证

据证明种族有优劣的说法。

★complex:

n. [C] an emotional problem in which sb. Is unnecessarily anxious about sth. or thinks too much about sth. 情结；夸大的情绪反应

This author expresses her China complex and Chinese cultural consciousness through her writing.这位作者通过其写作表现她的中国情结和中国文化意识。

a. consisting of many different parts and often difficult to understand 复杂的；难以理解的Indeed, the stock market is an attractive and relatively complex part of the business world. 的确，股票市场是商业领域中具有吸引力而且较为复杂的一部分。

★inferiority complex:n. [C, usu. sing.] a continuous feeling that you are much less important, clever, etc. than other people自卑情结；自卑感

An inferiority complex is very harmful to you and is the greatest obstacle to success. 自卑感对你非常有害，它是成功路上最大的障碍。

26. To compensate, it spent tens of thousands of dollars to give everyone of its incoming freshmen a free Apple iPad. (Para. 8)

Meaning:roerefniheieh Te nahT oT status, the university spent tens of thousands of dollars to give each new first-year student a free Apple iPad.

★compensate:

vi. change or remove the bad result of sth. 补偿；弥补

Do take care of yourself. Nothing can compensate for the loss of one’s health.要好好照顾自己，失去了健康什么都无法弥补。

v. pay sb. money because they have suffered an injury or loss 赔偿

The insurance company will compensate you according to the policy for whatever losses you suffered. 保险公司会按照条例赔偿你的任何损失。

27. Some universities even require that all students own or lease a laptop. (Para. 9)

★lease:

vt. use a building, car, etc. under a lease 租用；租借

He tried to persuade them to lease him their basement, but he was turned down. 他竭力想说服他们把地下室租给他，但是被拒绝了。

n. [C] a legal agreement which allows you to use a building, car, etc. for a period of time, in return for rent（房子、汽车等的）租约，租契

According to the terms of the lease, the landlord is responsible for repairs. 根据租赁条款，维修由房东负责。

28. Some say the focus on technology prepares students for a wired world. (Para. 9)

Meaning: Some people say if the university gives special attention to technology，it gets students ready for a world connected by the Internet.

★focus:

n. [sing.] the thing, person, situation, etc. that people pay special attention to 焦点；重点

In today’s lecture the focus will be on the function of body language in communication. 今天讲座的重点是肢体语言在沟通中的作用。

v. give special attention to one particular person or thing, or make people do this (把…) 集中(于)

Today we’re going to focus on the question of homeless people in downtown areas. 今天我们将把重点放在市中心无家可归者的问题上。

★wired: a. (infml.) connected to, and able to use the Internet (指计算机系统) 联网的，连线的

Many colleges now have high-tech libraries and wired dormitories. 许多大学现在都有高科技图书馆和联网的宿舍。

29. “Yo u have to keep up with the rest of the world. Students expect high-bandwidth information, and if you can’t deliver it, you’re at a competitive disadvantage,” states a university president. (Para. 9)

Meaning:A university president says, “You should manage to do as well as the rest of the world. Students want information that they can access with high-bandwidth, and if you can’t provide it, you are not as competitive as other universities.”

★keep up with:

1) manage to do as much or as well as other people跟上；保持同步

Jack’s having trouble keeping up with the rest of class. 杰克很难跟上班里的其他同学。

2) write to, telephone, or meet a friend regularly, so that you do not forget each other和(朋友)

保持联系

Young people now have more and more means to keep up with their friends. 现在的年轻人可以通过更多的方式和朋友们保持联系。

3) continue to learn about sth. 不断获知(某事的情况)

The manager is trying to keep up with what’s happening. 经理在努力跟进事态的进展。

★bandwidth:n. [U] the amount of information that can be carried through a telephone wire, computer connection, etc. at one time带宽

★competitive: a.

1) relating to competition竞争的；竞争性的

Advertising is an intensely competitive business. 广告业是一个竞争激烈的行业。

2) determined or trying very hard to be more successful than other people or businesses竞争性强的；有竞争力的

To remain competitive in the local market, the quality of our products needs to be improved. 要想保持在当地市场的竞争力，我们的产品质量需要提高。

★at a disadvantage: less likely to succeed than other people or things处于不利地位的

His inability to speak English put him at a disadvantage in the interview. 他不会说英文，所以在面试时处于不利地位。

30. Other colleges are straining to stand out from their peers. (Para. 10)

Meaning: Other colleges are trying very hard to do better than their fellow colleges.

★strain: v. try very hard to do sth. 使劲儿干；竭尽全力做(某事)

He spoke so softly. I strained to hear what he was saying. 他说话声音很轻，我费了很大劲儿才听清他在说什么。

★stand out:

1) be much better than other similar people or things出色

An ordinary advertisement would not stand out in a competitive advertising industry. 一则平淡无奇的广告无法在竞争激烈的广告业中脱颖而出。

2) be very easy to see or notice显眼；突出

Her long, red hair and bright yellow dress made her stand out in the crowd. 她那长长的红发和鲜黄的裙子使她在人群中很显眼。

★peer: n. [C, usu. pl.] sb. who is the same age as you, or who has the same type of job, social class, etc. 同龄人；社会地位相同的人

His pleasant personality made him popular among his peers. 他平和的性格使他深受同龄人的

喜爱。

31. The race to attract students with the most modern networks and the hottest systems has reached fever pitch. (Para. 10)

Meaning:Universities compete with each other to attract students by providing the most modern networks and the most popular systems, and the competition has become extremely intense.

★hot: a. (infml.) sth. or sb. that is hot is very popular or fashionable, and everyone wants to use them, see them, buy them, etc. 很受欢迎的；红极一时的

He is one of the hottest young directors in Hollywood. 他是好莱坞最受欢迎的年轻导演之一。★pitch: n.

1) [sing., U] the level or degree of activity or of sb.’s emotions (活动或情感的) 程度，强度，高度

Disagreement reached such a pitch that a fight might break out. 意见分歧非常大，可能会引发争吵。

2) [C] (AmE field) a marked out area of ground on which a sport is played场地

★fever pitch: n. [U] a state of great excitement极度兴奋(状态)；狂热(状态)

Excitement remained at fever pitch until the end of the game. 极度兴奋状态一直持续到比赛结束。

32. Some business majors are receiving free portable computers. In an always-connected mode, they can get information anytime and anywhere they need. (Para. 10)

Meaning:Some students majoring in business are given free computers, which can be carried around easily. Students can get information anytime and anywhere they need because they have access to the Internet at any time.

★portable: a. able to be carried or moved easily手提式的；便携式的；轻便的

Jenny uses a portable music player, so she can take it with her when she is working in the kitchen or in the yard. 詹妮用的是便携式音乐播放器，所以在厨房或者院子里干活的时候，她可以随身携带。

★mode: n. [C]

1) a particular way in which a machine or piece of equipment can operate (机器、设备的) 运行方式，状态，模式

To get out of the “auto” mode on the camera, turn the kn ob to “M”. 要退出相机的“自动”模式，就把按钮转到M。

2) (fml.) a particular way or style of behaving, living, or doing sth. 方式；方法；做法

Jim will have to change his mode of life now that he has high blood pressure. 吉姆有高血压，所以他需要改变自己的生活方式。

33. For those who prefer to travel laptop-free, colleges supply several computer labs. (Para. 11) Meaning: For those students who do not like to take a laptop with them, colleges provide several computer labs for them.

★free: suffix without sth. you do not want (used with some nouns to form adjectives or adverbs) 无…的

fat-free food不含脂肪的食品

34. And for students who study late into the night, many have set up 24-hour repair shops where students can get their laptops fixed by the next day and receive a loaner in the meantime. (Para.

11)

Meaning: And for those students who study till very late at night, many colleges have established

24-hour shops where students can have their laptops repaired by the next day; at the same time, they can borrow a laptop from the repair shops while their own laptops are under repair.

★set up: start a company, organization, committee, etc. 建立；设立；创立

After he was laid off last year, he set up his own grocery store, and his business is thriving now.

去年下岗后，他开了自己的杂货店，现在他的生意很兴隆。

★loan:

vt.

1)(also～out) (BrE) lend sth. valuable to sb. 把(贵重物品) 出借给(某人)

He was unwilling to loan his new car to his friends. 他不愿意把新车借给朋友。

2) (AmE) lend sb. sth., esp. money借给(尤指钱)

Isn’t it foolish to loan money for gambling? 借钱给别人去赌博是不是很愚蠢?

n. [C] an amount of money that you borrow from a bank, etc. (银行等的) 贷款

If you have financial difficulties, you can apply for a student loan. 如果经济上有困难，你可以申请学生贷款。

★loaner:n. [C] 借用物

I got a loaner from the garage when my car was being repaired there. 我的车在那家汽车修理厂修理时，我从那里暂借了一辆汽车。

★meantime:ad. (also in the -) in the period of time between now and a future event, or between two events in the past 在此期间；与此同时

After graduation from college, I went on to pursue a master’s degree. In the meantime, all my friends found well-paid jobs. 我大学毕业后继续去读硕士研究生了。与此同时，我的朋友全都找到了收入不错的工作。

35. Colleges around the world have been replacing their computer systems for the past decade, in large part to provide students with the most advanced free system. (Para. 12)

Meaning: Colleges worldwide have been upgrading their computer systems in the past decade, mainly because they want to offer their students the most advanced free system.

★in large part: mostly, or in most places多半；在很大程度上；在大多数地方

The state is becoming stronger, thanks in large part to the emergency measures taken to guard against economic collapse. 这个国家正在变得日益强大，这主要归功于采取了预防经济崩溃的紧急措施。

36. The anywhere-anytime access has already yielded amazing benefits in education. (Para. 12) Meaning: The fact that the Internet is available anywhere and anytime on campus has produced surprising benefits in education.

★amazing: a. very good, esp. in an unexpected way惊人的；了不起的

It’s amazing that he has mastered the language in such a short period of time. 他在这么短的时间里掌握了这门语言，真是了不起。

37. With the widespread application of computer technologies, we are going to produce a generation of problem-solvers and intelligent thinkers, which is indispensable for the future of the world. (Para. 12)

Meaning: With computer technologies being widely used, we are going to produce a generation of people who are good at solving problems and thinking about things originally. Such a generation is essential for the future of the world.

★solve: vt. find or provide a way of dealing with a problem解决(问题)

It is wrong to think that money can solve all problems. 认为金钱可以解决一切问题的想法是错

误的。

★solver: n. [C] 解决问题的人

Jerry is known for being an effective problem-solver and a good decision-maker. 人们都知道杰里是个能有效解决问题和果断作出决定的人。

★intelligent: a. good at thinking clearly and quickly, at understanding difficult ideas and subjects, and at gaining and using knowledge 有智慧的；悟性高的；聪明的

Ann was an intelligent student and capable of passing her exams with ease. 安是个聪明的学生，她能轻而易举地通过考试。

Structure analysis and writing

A paragraph of cause and effect

In Text A, the author uses a common paragraph pattern: cause and effect. A cause is what makes something happen; an effect is what happens as a result of a cause. A cause-and-effect paragraph provides an explanation of why certain things happen and their possible effects or consequences. An occurrence can have many possible causes and effects. Sometimes a paragraph is just about causes or just about effects.

Cause-and-effect paragraphs usually follow the basic paragraph pattern. That is, the author begins with a topic sentence introducing an effect and then provides details to explain the causes. Paragraph 9 of Text A is an example.

Another cause-and-effect pattern is that the topic sentence introduces a cause, and then the effects are described. Paragraph 10 of Text A is an example.

There are some common words and expressions that can be used to express the cause-and-effect relationship, such as since, because (of), due to, for this reason, so, therefore, consequently, and as a result.

Analysis of the whole text structure

Text A is an expository essay. It explains and illustrates what college education is like in the 21st century by analyzing the causes and effects of the application of new technologies in college education. It consists of four parts.

Part One is Paragraph1. It introduces the effect-the college today is being transformed into a new age of electronics, and the cause-a fleet of laptops, smartphones and Internet connections 24 hours a day.

Part Two consists of five paragraphs, from Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 6, focusing on how this transformation affects students’ campus life. This part provides detai led information about the effects of transformation on students’ campus life. Paragraph 2 describes how students use new technologies both in and out of class. For example, they take notes and send emails with laptops, send messages and enjoy music with smartphones. Paragraph 3 concludes that colleges have become the most Internet-accessible spots in the world due to wireless Internet access anywhere, anytime. Paragraph 4 tells us how college students feel about wireless Internet access. In Paragraph 5, specific examples are given to show how students and professors use smartphones. Students use smartphones to practice foreign languages, analyze scripts from theater classes, or record their own radio shows; professors tape their lectures and post them online.So, smartphones are believed to facilitate students’ learning. Paragraph 6 explains why non-stop access to the Internet fuels students’ life at college. These instruments are powerful tools for storing and managing information, and they can be used to do homework, review lecture outlines, take part in class discussions, and network online with friends. Meanwhile, students should regulate their time

online and not let the Internet world take them away from the real world.

Part Three is composed of five paragraphs, from Paragraph 7 to Paragraph 11. This part describes how colleges and universities are being transformed in the new age. The focus is shifted from students to schools. Paragraph 7 shows how fast information technology has developed on campus. In the mid-1990s colleges began using Internet connections and in the past few years have turned to wireless networks, using 5% to 8% of college budgets. Paragraph 8 lists various conveniences that the Internet has brought to students. In comparison, one university had been feeling a bit technologically disadvantaged, so it spent a lot of money giving each of its freshmen a free Apple iPad. Paragraph 9 discusses why some universities require that all students be equipped with a laptop. Paragraph 10 discusses what effects are caused when colleges are trying hard to stand out from their peers. The effects are that students have access to the most modern networks and the hottest systems. Paragraph 11 gives another example to show how colleges try to help their students: They set up computer labs and 24-hour repair shops to repair laptops for students.

Part Four which is the last paragraph, concludes that colleges have been replacing their computer systems for the past decade mainly to offer their students the most advanced free system. The anywhere-anytime access has already brought about wonderful benefits in education. With computer technologies widely used, we will cultivate a generation of people who are good at solving problems and thinking originally. These people are needed for the future of the world.

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新视野大学英语读写教程__第三册(vocabulary答案+翻译)

第一单元Section A 1、with his index finger, Patterson pointed toward a plan color-coded box beneath a long wooden table.他的食指向帕特森表示计划颜色盒长的木头桌子下面。 2、He disguised himself as a waiter and watched what was going on around. 他把自己伪装成一个服务员看着周围发生了什么事情。 3、He often whistles a tune during the morning tea break when his boss is not around. 他经常口哨曲子在上午茶休息的时候，他的老板不在身边。 4、And again she shouted in a high-pitched voice, word by word, with no attempt to restrain herself,“I cannon stand any more. 她又喊高音，一字一句，没有试图克制自己，“我炮忍受。 5、There were certain people in that room, like perter and John, who had failed to grasp what I was saying. 这个房间一定的人，像彼得和约翰，谁没有明白我在说什么。 6、During that time I was overwhelmed with longing for those innocent days of early childhood. 那段时间我不胜向往纯真的童年时光。 7、I’m just praying that the board of directors will take steps before it is too late. 我只是祈祷，董事会将采取的步骤之前，已经太晚了。 8、She was the director’s faithful assistant in whom he could have absolute confidence. 她是导演的忠实助手在他可以有绝对的信心。 9、These developers pledge to build low-income housing units when the supply of affordable housing for poor people continues to shrink. 这些开发商承诺建立低收入住房单位时，穷人的经适房供应继续缩小。 10、People have been mobilized to build defenses and drain f looded lad as heavy rains continue to fall.人有被动员起来，建立防御和排水淹水的小伙子暴雨持续下降。第二单元Section A 1、Church Mill, although of fairly moderate size compared with some of its neighbors, is a delightful two-story building of stone. 教会厂，虽然相当大小适中的一些邻国相比，是一个愉快的两层楼建筑的石头。 2、If your weight remains constant you must be using up all your calories, but if you are gaining weight then some of the calories you consume are being stored as fat. 如果你的体重保持不变，你必须使用你所有的卡路里，但如果你增加体重然后一些你消耗的卡路里作为脂肪存储。 3、I don’t think it advised that Tim be assigned the job since he has no experience.我不想劝提姆是分配工作，因为他没有经验。 4、Meals also have to be modified from their original state so that they will have a beneficial effect on the body. 膳食也必须从它们的原始状态修改，使得它们不会对人体具有有益的效果。 5、His face was very red, which was a clear evidence of his fever. 他的脸很红，这是他发烧的明确的证据。 6、Families with children tend to be restricted as to when they can take their

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