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价值工程方案(英文版)

价值工程方案(英文版)
价值工程方案(英文版)

Approved: Effective: May 15, 2008

Office: Production Support

Topic No.: 625-030-002-g

VALUE ENGINEERING PROGRAM

PURPOSE:

To provide a consistent and uniform process for executing the Value Engineering (VE)

Program during the development of a project.

AUTHORITY:

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 23, Chapter I, Part 627;

Sections 20.23(3)(a), 334.044(10)(b), 334.046(2) and 334.048(3), Florida Statutes

(F.S.);

SCOPE:

All Department personnel, consultants, contractors, and others who may be required to

participate in the Value Engineering Program.

REFERENCES:

1) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)

Guidelines for Value Engineering, AASHTO Bookstore, https://https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d18489597.html,

2) Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Value Engineering web site, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d18489597.html,/ve .

3) FDOT Project Development and Environmental Manual, Topic No. 650-000-001,

Chapter 4-2.2.11

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d18489597.html,/emo/pubs/pdeman/pdeman.htm .

4) FDOT Project Management Handbook, Part II, Chapter 2 & Chapter 3. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d18489597.html,/projectmanagementoffice/PMhandbook.htm .

5) FDOT Employee Recognition Program Procedure, Topic No. 250-000-007, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d18489597.html,/procedures/bin/250000007.pdf .

3/26/2009: Pen & Ink to change office name at request of Director, Office of Design.

Page 2 of 15 BACKGROUND:

Value Engineering is the systematic application of recognized techniques by a multi-disciplined team which identifies the function of a product or service; establishes a worth for that function; generates alternatives through the use of creative thinking; and provides the needed functions to accomplish the original intent of the project, reliably and at the lowest life-cycle cost without sacrificing project requirements for safety, quality, operations, maintenance, and environment.

In the 1970 Federal-Aid Highway Act, the U.S. Congress authorized the Federal Secretary of Transportation to require value engineering on any proposed federal-aid highway project Congress extended the federal value engineering role with the passage of the National Highway Systems Designation Act of 1995. This act included a provision requiring the Federal Secretary of Transportation to “establish a program to require states to carry out a value engineering analysis for all projects on the National Highway System with an estimated total cost of $25 million or more.” FHWA published regulation 23 CFR Part 627 establishing this program in 1997. The “Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users”(SAFETEA-LU) of 2005 expanded the role of value engineering on the Federal-Aid system. In addition to requiring a value engineering analysis for all projects on the Federal-aid system with an estimated total cost of $25 million or more, SAFETEA-LU included a provision requiring a value engineering analysis on bridge projects with an estimated total cost of $20 million or more.

The administration of the Value Engineering Program can be broken into the following key processes:

1. Project Selection

2. Team Selection

3. Value Engineering Study

4. Implementation

5. Reporting

The Districts and the Turnpike Enterprise are responsible for the Project Selection, Team Selection, Value Engineering Study, and Implementation processes, while the Central Office is responsible for the Reporting process. Guidelines for administering these processes will be outlined in this procedure.

DEFINITIONS

Certified Value Specialists (CVS): The highest level of certification attainable through SAVE International. Designation is reserved for Value Specialists or Value Program

Page 3 of 15 Managers who have demonstrated expert level experience and knowledge in the practice of the Value Methodology

Constraint: A limit or restriction to the number of potential solutions available to a specific facet of a project. It may involve permitting, access, or geometrics, to name a few.

Cost: The amount paid or charged for goods and services.

Criteria: The standard that the project was designed to meet.

Design Observation: An observation that the VE team wishes to convey to the design team for consideration. The milestone of the project being reviewed may not have adequate detail to develop a full VE recommendation.

Evaluation Matrix: A method by which competing VE alternatives and the proposed design can be evaluated by the use of weighted objectives.

Function: Value Engineering defines function as "that which makes a product work or sell."

Function Cost: The amount paid or charged to provide a function.

Function Worth: The lowest amount paid or charged to provide a function.

Life Cycle Costs: A method used to evaluate the total cost of ownership over the life of a facility in terms of equivalent dollars. This method uses a discount rate to account for opportunity lost and inflation.

Maintenance Costs: The cost to keep the investment in its current condition. This may include small improvement projects such as elder user programs, but routinely includes resurfacing, painting, mowing, etc.

Operating Costs: These types of costs are what it takes to make the facility function. The expenses are generally associated with toll collections, motor carrier compliance, electricity, etc.

Preferred Alternative: A Project Development and Environment (PD&E) term associated with the apparent selected solution that has not been approved through the public involvement process. The VE team would be reviewing this solution and denoting it "as proposed" or as the basis of comparison.

Page 4 of 15

SAVE International: The premier international society devoted to the advancement and promotion of the value methodology (also called value engineering, value analysis, or value management).

Transportation System Facilities: The fixed assets and control systems that move people and goods in a timely manner.

Value: The relative worth of something as measured by its qualities or by the esteem in which it is held.

Value Index: A ratio that expresses function cost divided by function worth. This ratio is used to determine the opportunity for value improvement.

VE Alternatives: The concepts the VE team identified as solutions that may be substituted for features currently depicted.

VE Job Plan: An established six-phase approach by which VE studies are performed. VE Milestone: A point in the development of a project that is appropriate to perform a value engineering study.

VE Recommendation: The team's selected VE alternative or VE alternatives.

Worth: The lowest cost that is required to produce or obtain an essential function of an item or service.

SELECTION

1. PROJECT

1.1 REQUIRED PROJECTS

1.1.1 Projects on the Federal-aid System

All projects on the Federal-aid system with an estimated total cost of $25 million or more shall have a value engineering analysis performed during the development of the project. Bridge projects with an estimated total cost of $20 million or more shall have a value engineering analysis performed. The total estimated cost shall include all costs associated with the project, including but not limited to design, right-of-way, construction, and administrative costs.

There is not a process to waive the value engineering requirement for projects on the federal-aid system.

Page 5 of 15

1.1.2 Projects not on the Federal-aid System

All projects not on the Federal-aid system with an estimated total cost of $25 million or more shall have a minimum of one VE study conducted during project development. The total estimated cost shall include all costs associated with the project, including but not limited to design, right of way, construction, and administrative costs. After review, the Director of Transportation Development may waive the requirement for projects that are not on the Federal-aid system. Any such waiver shall be in writing, stating the reasons for the waiver, and apply only to that single project.

1.2 ADDITIONAL PROJECTS

The districts have the flexibility to study additional projects below the mandatory $25 million cost threshold. Projects that provide the highest potential for value

improvement include:

?Projects that substantially exceed initial cost estimates.

? Complex projects.

? Capacity projects

? Interchanges

? Corridor studies

?Projects requested for VE by a Department Project Manager.

?Projects with high right of way costs.

?Projects and processes with unusual problems.

1.3 SCHEDULING

The VE study should be conducted during one of the following phases of project development: Planning, Project Development & Environmental (PD&E), or Initial Engineering Design. For Design-Build Projects, the VE study shall be conducted prior to the release of the Request for Proposal (RFP).The greatest potential for improvement in a project is during the early phases of development; therefore it is the Department’s objective to schedule studies during these phases of project development.

1.4 VE WORK PLAN

The districts shall have the responsibility of developing and executing the annual Value Engineering Work Plan. The development of this plan shall be completed and submitted to the State Value Engineer (SVE) by July 1 of each fiscal year. All required projects that have not had a prior VE study and will have a VE milestone within the project schedule for the year in review shall be included on the work plan.

Page 6 of 15

SELECTION

2. TEAM

2.1 TEAM STRUCTURE

The District Value Engineer (DVE) shall review potential team members and coordinate the selection of team member disciplines with the Project Manager. Teams should be structured to include appropriate expertise to evaluate the major areas anticipated within the project. At a minimum, design, construction, and maintenance shall be represented on the team. In the event of specialized projects, individuals with specific expertise necessary to perform a proficient value engineering study should be included in the team makeup. For federal-aid projects, anyone directly involved in the design of the project should not be a team member, but is expected to participate as an information source. The VE study shall be independent of other design reviews.

The districts shall determine whether to utilize Department personnel, consultant personnel, or a mixture of both to form the team.

2.2 DEPARTMENT TEAM LEADER/MEMBER CRITERIA

Department employees serving as team leaders, under the supervision of the DVE, shall have the responsibility for conducting the assigned project review in accordance with these procedures. Prior to leading a team, employees must have served as a team member on at least two VE studies, must have attended a VE team member training workshop, and must have attended a team leader training course.

Team members who have not received formal VE training or participated on a previous VE study led by a CVS or DVE may participate on a team; however, they should not be the primary team member responsible for one of the required disciplines.

2.3 CONSULTANT TEAM LEADER/MEMBER CRITERIA

Consultant team leaders must meet the following qualifications:

1. A CVS with experience in the value engineering process for transportation

system facilities.

2. A Professional Engineer registered in the State of Florida with proficient

knowledge and experience related to the design and/or construction of

transportation system facilities..

Page 7 of 15

The role as consultant team leader may be filled by one individual or by two individuals serving as co-team leaders; however, those individuals fulfilling the above qualifications shall be from the contracted consulting firm or their sub-consultants.

A consultant team member shall be a technical person with proficient knowledge and experience in the required discipline.

STUDY

ENGINEERING

3. VALUE

3.1 VE JOB PLAN

The VE study process shall be conducted in accordance with the following 6 phases of the internationally recognized VE Job Plan:

(1)Information: The team gathers information about the present design and cost, then determines the needs, requirements, and constraints of the owners/users/stakeholders, as well as the design criteria.

(2) Function Analysis: The team defines the project functions using a two word active verb measurable noun context. The team analyzes these functions to determine which need improvement, elimination, or combination. Tools used during this phase include: Random Function Identification, Function Analysis System Technique (FAST), Function Listing, and Value Index.

(3)Creative: The team uses a variety of creative techniques, such as brainstorming, to generate alternative ideas to perform the project functions.

(4)Evaluation: The team refines and combines ideas, develops functional alternatives, and evaluates by comparison. Appropriate tools of comparison include advantage and disadvantage comparison and an evaluation matrix with weighted criteria.

(5)Development: Based on the evaluation phase, the team begins to develop in detail the alternatives with the greatest potential value. During this phase it is essential to establish costs and backup documentation needed to individually convey the alternative solutions.

(6) Presentation: The final phase of the VE study in which the VE team presents to management the findings of the study in a written report. This phase may include a verbal presentation.

Once the team has completed phases (1) through (4), the team may determine that no value improvements can be identified for the project (all items have a value index of

Page 8 of 15

about 1.00). Then the team leader may document the study results and disband the team. The DVE shall be notified prior to disbanding.

3.2 REQUIRED STUDY ELEMENTS

Several steps in the application of VE have been determined by the Department to be of such significance that special attention is noted here. These nine (9) items shall be required in conducting a VE study:

1. Define the original project objective.

2. Identify the design criteria for the project.

3. Verify all valid project constraints.

4. Identify specifically the components and elements of high cost.

5. Determine basic and secondary functions.

6. Evaluate the alternatives by comparison.

7. Consider life cycle costs of alternatives.

8. Develop a detailed implementation plan.

9. Define which VE alternatives can be implemented together and which stand

alone. The team shall select which combination of developed solutions is being

specifically recommended.

In addition to the required elements listed above, VE studies on bridge projects shall include the following:

1. Bridge substructure requirements based on construction materials.

2. Evaluation of acceptable bridge designs based on engineering and economic

basis.

3. Evaluate using life cycle costs and construction duration.

3.3 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The information required for the VE study should be the information already available and/or prepared for the project. The information should not be generated for the sole purpose of the VE study; it should be gathered together and packaged appropriately for the VE study team.

3.3.1 Planning Study

The first VE study of a project should occur immediately following the development of a recommended concept, and/or corridor analysis. Not all transportation system facilities go through this phase during project development; therefore, a VE study may not be applicable at this phase of development. Information that should be made available to the team includes:

Page 9 of 15

?Traffic information (which was utilized in making the conceptual design decisions) consisting of preliminary projections based on historical trend analysis, or

volumes taken from urban transportation models. Any other known traffic impacts that are anticipated shall also be included.

?Aerial photo coverage of the project showing corridors or interchange layouts, zoning, and land use designation.

?Information on current right of way values, consisting of such items as square foot market values for areas that are affected by each proposed conceptual

design.

?Information concerning the identification of a preferred alternative. Such information should include construction costs, right of way costs, environmental

impacts, safety, operation, and relocations.

3.3.2 Project Development & Environmental

A VE study may occur immediately following the draft Preliminary Engineering report. This initial opportunity for VE gives the project an early review by design, construction, and maintenance. The involvement of construction and maintenance could lead to significant life cycle cost savings. The VE study shall occur prior to the public hearing in order to depict the team's enhancements. This step is critical in building public credibility for the project function.

Alternatives compared at this stage will include those submitted by the consultant

and/or PD&E engineer and any additional concepts that were presented and approved by earlier VE studies. Information or data that should be available to the team at this point in the development of the project include:

?Approved technical traffic memorandum.

?Estimated construction cost breakdown by alternative.

?Estimated right of way cost for each alternative based on actual real estate values in each area.

?Business damage estimates in each alternative.

?Traffic operation analysis through utilization of computer programs.

?Life cycle costs including maintenance costs, operating costs and periodic improvements for each alternative.

?The number and cost of business and residential relocations for each alternative.

?Environmental impact analysis.

?Preliminary plans.

?Summary of public involvement.

Page 10 of 15

3.3.3 Engineering Design

A final VE study may occur after completion of Phase 1 design plans, but less than Phase 2 design plans. Under extraordinary circumstances, VE studies may be conducted beyond Phase 2 when approved by the District Director of Transportation Development. Elements of the final VE study will center on drainage requirements, vertical grades, and minor horizontal refinements within the established corridor, structures, and utilities. Information and data that should be available to the team include:

?Key Sheet with location map, begin and end stations, equations, and project numbers.

?Drainage Information showing:

a. Existing data including ridge lines, elevations, and structures

b. High water information

c. Drainage areas and direction of flow

d. Horizontal alignment

e. Proposed water retention areas

?Typical Sections

?Plan and Profile Sheets:

a. Baseline survey, roadway alignment, curve data, and bearings

b. Existing topography

c. Profile grades

d. Proposed right of way

e. Begin and end project stations, equations, and bridges

f. Existing utilities

?Intersection and Interchange Layouts:

a. Existing topography

b. Basic survey geometry

c. Profile grades

?Cross Sections:

a. Existing ground line

b. Partial proposed templates

c. Existing utilities

?Drainage Outfall:

a. Alignments

b. Cross sections showing existing ground line and partial templates

?Conceptual Structure Information:

a. Bridge Geotechnical Report

b. Bridge Developmental Report

c. Plan and elevation sheets

d. Cross sections through structure

?Traffic Control Plans for all alternative schemes or phasing being considered

Page 11 of 15 ?Preliminary Cost Estimate

These three opportunities for a VE study during project development are general in nature and close coordination is needed between the Project Manager and DVE to determine the proper timing for a value engineering study with the greatest potential for success. It is important for project elements to be developed to enough detail for the VE team to comprehend the intent of the design, but not developed to the extent that any proposed change would impact implementation. Teams should focus on features that are being developed during that particular phase of project design.

3.3.4 Design-Build

A VE Study performed on a Design-Build project shall be performed prior to the release of the Request for Proposal (RFP). The VE team on these studies should focus on the criteria contained within the proposed RFP.

3.4 STUDY SUMMARY REPORT

The study summary report shall be organized in sections by areas of focus consistent with the value engineering job plan. The format of any report should contain, as a minimum, the following:

? Executive Summary

? Participant List

? Research Sources

?Project History (including project criteria, commitments, and constraints)

Areas

Study

?Potential

?Existing Design Description

? Performance Criteria

?Evidence that Function Analysis was performed

? Basic Functions

?Life Cycle Cost Estimate

?VE Alternative Description

?VE Alternative Cost Calculations

? Evaluation by Comparison

? Proposed Design

?Detail Findings or Analysis

?Specific Recommendations and Costs

? Design Observations

?Implementation Plan

Page 12 of 15

A draft Value Engineering Study Summary Report, including all pertinent data (as proposed and VE alternative concepts), shall be assembled, published, and made available to the team members and management for their review and comments within two weeks of the study conclusion.

The content, presentation, and professional engineering certification of the final published report are the responsibility of the VE team leader. The purpose of the certification is to ensure that the VE study was conducted according to the principles and practices of the value engineering profession. The professional engineer certifying the report shall have been a team member and full participant in the VE study that is the subject of the report.

The DVE and/or team leader shall attempt to resolve any issues that arise from the draft report. If the team leader deems it necessary, the team may be contacted or re-assembled to enhance sketches, make editorial changes, refine cost calculations, etc. This may be needed for complex projects.

The team leader shall submit the final report with copies to the DVE. The DVE will send a copy to the Project Manager, District Design Engineer, District Estimates Engineer (preliminary), Director of Transportation Development, Director of Operations, District Secretary, and the State Value Engineer. Extra copies shall be made available to appropriate authorities as directed by the District Secretary and/or designee.

4. IMPLEMENTATION

The implementation plan, included in the study summary report, should identify the person who will be responsible for the implementation of the changes that have been approved by management. In addition, the plan should address the general impact on design and construction costs, letting date, manpower requirements, consultant resources, design and construction schedules, and any other impact resulting from team recommendations. Specific changes required by these impacts shall be determined and addressed by the project manager.

The DVE shall have the responsibility to monitor and report on all projects in the implementation process. The DVE must be aware of the progress of time critical implementations and report to management as problems arise or delays occur. The DVE’s responsibility for implementation monitoring shall end upon receipt of implementation concurrence from the Project Manager. The Project Manager will be responsible for modification of the project reports, plans, and documentation. Final project savings or cost avoidance shall be calculated based on actual team recommendations or modified recommendations approved by District Management.

Page 13 of 15

5. REPORTING

The State Value Engineer shall be responsible for monitoring program compliance and reporting to Central Office and District Management. Value engineering operations will be monitored for compliance with the policies, procedures, and standards identified in the preceding sections. Specific areas to be monitored include:

?District Value Engineering Work Program and Schedule.

?District Value Engineering accomplishments.

?Documentation of value engineering activities.

?Economic analysis methods being used in cost/benefit determinations for project decisions.

?Compliance with the provisions of the value engineering procedures. Monitoring of program compliance shall conform to the Department’s QAR policy and may include the following:

?Regular visits with district engineering personnel.

?Periodic participation in value engineering team meetings.

?Attending VE team presentations.

?Formal program review of all records, study summaries, interview

documentation, periodic activity, and quarterly VE reports.

The basis for most reporting will be information contained in the Value Engineering Reports (VER) database. The Districts are responsible for the initial input and updating of project data, while the State Value Engineer is responsible for reporting and disseminating the results throughout the Department.

The State Value Engineer will prepare a quarterly report detailing the progress made during the current fiscal year. This report will be submitted to Central Office and District Management on a semi-annual basis and will reflect the program accomplishments for the fiscal year.

6. VALUE ENGINEERING RECOGNITION AWARDS

6.1 DISTRICT RECOGNITION

AWARD: Inscribed Plaque. Total value up to $100.

FREQUENCY: Awarded annually

Page 14 of 15 QUALIFICATIONS: Presented to a District in recognition of excellent value engineering program performance as demonstrated by established performance measures. DOCUMENTATION: Value Engineering Annual Report, Value Engineering Reporting System and Value Engineering Project Files.

TIME FRAME: The State Value Engineer will process for presentation by the last work day in August.

6.2 TEAM RECOGNITION

AWARD: Identified within each category.

FREQUENCY: Awarded annually in each category.

QUALIFICATIONS: There are two award categories at this level:

1. District Team of the Year – A team that most notably demonstrates the

utilization of the value engineering team process, exemplifying a thorough

understanding of the tools and techniques of the process. Consideration

will be given to implemented recommendations that lead to measurable

gains in productivity, cost savings, or other project improvement

opportunities. Each team member shall receive a certificate and a non-

monetary recognition item. Total value up to $50.00.

2. Statewide Team of the Year – The District or Central Office Value

Engineering team, identified by the State Value Engineer, as exemplifying

a thorough understanding of the tools and techniques of Value

Engineering. Consideration will be given to implemented

recommendations that lead to measurable gains in productivity, cost

savings or other project improvement opportunities. Each team member

shall receive a certificate and a non-monetary recognition item. Total value

up to $100.00.

Presented to value engineering teams in recognition of their respective superior performance within the fiscal year. Recognition items may only be presented to State employees.

DOCUMENTATION: Supportive information from the VER System and the Value Engineering Project File.

Page 15 of 15

TIME FRAME: The District Value Engineer must submit the recommendation and supporting data to the State Value Engineer by the last work day in July. The State Value Engineer will process for presentation by the last work day in August.

6.3 INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION

AWARD: Non-monetary recognition item escalating in value of up to $20, 40, 60, and $100 for 1, 3, 5 and 10 studies, respectively.

FREQUENCY: Periodic

QUALIFICATIONS: Presented to team members for participation on value engineering studies. The recognition items are presented for 1, 3, 5 and 10 time team members. Recognition items may only be presented to State employees.

DOCUMENTATION: Supportive documentation from the VER System and the Value Engineering Project file.

TIME FRAME: The State Value Engineer will distribute the awards to the District Value Engineer by the last working day of the month following the end of each fiscal quarter.

6.4 PROCUREMENT OF AWARDS

Awards must be purchased and tracked in accordance with the Department’s Employee Recognition Program, Procedure No. 250-000-007.

7. TRAINING

Team member training can be satisfied by participating on a team led by a CVS or the DVE or by completing team member training offered by Central Office. Central Office will also offer training in the following areas on an as needed basis: team leader training, life cycle cost analysis, and advanced value techniques.

8. FORMS

None

主动防护网施工技术方案

路堑主动柔性防护网工程施工技术方 案 编制: 审核: 批准: 编制时间:二零一七年七月

目录 一、编制依据-------------------------1 二、工程概况-------------------------1 三、管理人员、设备配置--------------------4 四、施工进度安排-----------------------5 五、主动柔性网防护施工--------------------5 1、工艺原理-----------------------5 2、施工准备-----------------------6 3、施工工艺步骤及流程图-----------------8 4、工艺步骤说明---------------------9 六、质量标准及检验方法-------------------13 七、质量保证措施----------------------13 八、安全保证措施----------------------14 九、环境保护保证措施--------------------16 十、附件--------------------------15

一、编制依据 1、《公路路基施工技术规范》(JTG F10-2006; 2、《公路工程质量检验评定标准》(JTG F80/1-2004); 3、《公路工程施工安全技术规程》(JTG F80/1-2004); 4、《路基防护工程一般设计图(主动柔性防护系统二)》; 5、本公司在路基边坡主动柔性防护系统施工方面的经验。 二、工程概况 本分部路线全长7.5公里,起点位于贺州市昭平县城西白鸠村(联润拌合厂站附近),起点桩号K47+000;终点位于昭平县昭平镇闽发红砖厂附近,终点桩号K54+500,与昭平至蒙山高速公路起点相接,设置昭平互通与省道S207二级公路连接。全线采用双向四车道高速公路,设计速度为100公里/小时,路基宽26米。 根据现场的实际勘察,边坡地层岩性主要由泥盆系莲花山组基岩组成。根据岩石的风化程度不同,可以分为强风化、中分化两层。本分部共有两段路基边坡采用主动柔性防护系统进行施工,具体的桩号分别为YK47+420~YK47+533和ZK47+535~ZK47+563,总的长度为141m。具体的施工图示如下所示:

价值工程及设计方案选优

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一、工程概况 二、编制依据 三、管理目标 四、具体防护措施 五、临边防护定期检查制度

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边坡防护网施工方案

_____________________________________工程 边 坡 防 护 施 工 方 案

二〇一五年四月

施工方案 一、G PS2型SNS主动防护系统简介 该系统主要构成包括钢丝绳锚杆、纵横支撑绳、钢丝绳网、缝合绳。钢丝绳锚杆和纵横支撑绳构成固定系统,通过缝合绳拉紧,对柔性网部分进行预张拉,将作为系统主要构成的柔性网覆盖在有崩塌落石灾害的坡面上,对整个边坡形成连续支撑,其预张力作业使系统尽量紧贴坡面,并形成了抑制局部危岩移动或在局部位移或破坏后将其裹覆(滞留)于原位附近的预应力,从而实现其主动加强防护的目的。 二、边坡防护设计基本要求 1、场地范围内的水文、地质条件、岩土工程特征及周围环境(道路、管线、建筑物)是边坡防护设计需要详细了解和分析的首要内容; 2、边坡防护设计方案必须确保支护结构的安全,保证边坡防护周围建筑物基础及已施工和使用的地线管线、市政道路的安全; 3、边坡防护方案在安全的前提下,满足国家建筑工程的有关法律法规和规范; 4、设计必须考虑施工期间度过雨季,或其对边坡稳定性的不利影响及施工工期的影响; 5、边坡支护结构为永久性建筑,使用年限为50≈100年。 三、系统布置的具体要求和参数 1、钢丝绳锚杆布置:锚杆采用2×Φ16钢绳锚杆,长度2≈3m,纵横标准间距、排距为4.5m×4.5m。锚杆孔尽可能布置在天然低洼处,为此可对锚杆的标准间距作0.3m左右的调整,以确保系统尽可能贴紧岩面;局部区域根据需要可增补固定锚杆,增补锚杆长度3m;锚杆孔首应与岩面尽可能垂直。 2、支撑绳:纵横支撑绳均穿过沿程钢丝绳锚杆的环套,并用紧线葫芦张拉至手感不再松动为止,两端用绳卡固定。为避免支撑绳张拉困难,对纵横向尺寸较大的边坡,每根支撑绳可按30m 左右分段。 3、热度钢丝格栅网:格栅网应覆盖全部防护区域,网块间搭接宽度不小于5cm,网块间及网块与支撑绳间需用扎丝扎结。 4、钢丝绳网:每相邻四根钢丝绳锚杆构成一个矩形挂网单元内铺设一张钢丝绳网,网块边沿与支撑绳间缝合张拉连结。 四、施工安装方法 1、对坡面防护区域内的浮石,杂物进行清除; 2、在每一孔位处凿一深度不小于锚杆外露环套长度的凹孔,一般口径为20cm,深20cm。 3、按设计深度钻凿锚杆孔并清孔,孔深应比设计锚杆长度长5cm-10cm以上,孔径不小于Φ42;受凿岩设备限制时,构成每根锚杆的两股钢绳可以分别锚入两个孔径不小于Φ35的锚孔内,形成人字形锚杆,两股钢绳间夹角为15°≈30°,以达到同样的锚固效果;当局部孔位处应底层松散或破碎不能成孔时,采用断面尺寸不小于 0.4×0.4的C15砼基础置换成不能成孔的岩土段。 4、注浆并插入锚杆,采用标号不低于C2O的水泥浆,宜用灰砂比1:1~1:1.2、水灰比0.45~0.5的水泥砂浆或水灰比0.45~0.5的纯水泥砂浆,水泥宜采用42.5R普通硅酸盐水泥,优先选用粒径不大于3mm的中细砂,确保浆液饱满,在进行下一道工序前注浆养护期不少于3天。

安全生产技术措施与施工方案

方软科技园通讯网络研发基地6#厂房工程安全生产技术施工方案 编制人: 审核人: 审批人: 湖北中骏建设有限公司 年月日

目录 第一章、编制依据 第二章、工程概况 第三章、管理人员名单及监督电话 第四章、安全文明管理目标 第五章、安全管理 第六章、现场安全生产技术措施 第七章、主要分部、分项工程施工安全管理第八章、重点难点项目安全措施 附1:施工总平面布置图

第一章、编制依据 为了更好地贯彻落实“安全第一,预防为主”的安全生产方针,提高建筑工程施工现场安全生产和文明施工水平,依据国家和地方制定的与建设工程有关的法律法规、规范规程、标准条文,公司贯彻质量、环境、职业健康安全管理体系文件,以及有关安全管理制度,对该工程进行文明施工、安全生产管理。具体文件如下: 1、《中华人民共和国和建筑法》 2、《中华人民共和国安全生产法》 3、《建设工程安全生产管理条例》(中华人民共和国国务院令第393号文) 4、《职业健康安全管理体系规范》(280011-2011) 5、《建筑施工安全检查标准》(59-2011) 6、《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》(46-2012) 7、《建筑施工高处作业安全技术规范》(80-91) 8、《建筑施工扣件式钢管脚手架安全技术规范》(130-2011) 9、《建筑机械使用安全技术规程》(33-2012) 10、《塔式起重机安全规程》(5144-2006) 11、《武汉市建筑施工现场安全质量标准达标实施手册》

第二章工程概况 工程名称:方软科技园通讯网络研发基地6#厂房工程建设单位:武汉方软科技有限公司 设计单位:广州南方建筑设计研究院 地勘单位:中机三勘岩土工程有限公司 监理单位:武汉江城建设监理有限公司 施工单位:湖北中骏建设有限公司 地址:高新四路与光谷一路交汇口 建筑高度:14.75m 建筑占地面积:2996.96㎡ 总建筑面积:8675.15㎡ 建筑层数:钢构部分地上2层,框架部分地上3层 设计使用年限:50年 第三章管理人员名单及监督电话 项目经理:程宏彬 技术负责人:程名名 质检员:周凯 安全员:曹亮 材料员:温刚平 施工员:张陈 监督电话:

隔离栅防护网施工方案

For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use 隔离栅、防护网施工方案 一、工程概述 本项目路线起于河池市南丹县六寨镇龙里村(桂黔界),接贵州省在建的都匀至新寨(黔桂界)高速公路,经过芒场。起点桩号K0+000,终点桩号K27+280,路线全长。本标段除桥梁、隧道、通道、涵洞等构造物外,其余路段均设置隔离栅。立交、收费站处设置镀塑隔离栅。在沿线主线下穿的立交桥、设有人行道的桥梁及主线上跨,被交道为铁路或二级以上公路的桥梁设置安全防护网。 二、编制依据 1、《西部开发省际公路通道阿荣旗至北海公路六寨至河池段两阶段施工图设计修编合同段K0+000-K27+280 全长公里交通工程及沿线设施第一册》 2、《西部开发省际公路通道阿荣旗至北海公路六寨至河池段两阶段施工图设计修编合同段K0+000-K27+280 全长公里交通工程及沿线设施第二册》 3、《公路工程质量检测评定标准第一册土建工程》JTG F80/1-2004 三、施工准备 1、材料准备

(1)水泥 水泥选择贵州都匀豪龙水泥有限公司产和水泥。 (2)砂 砂选用六河路面A标碎石场产机制砂。 (3)碎石 碎石选用六河路面A标碎石场产5-10mm,10-20mm,10-30mm碎石,掺配比例5-10mm碎石:10-20mm碎石:10-30mm碎石=26%:39%:35%。 (4)钢筋 隔离栅立柱钢筋采用Ф、Ф8盘条。 (5)水 水用当地民用饮用水。 (6)模板 模具调试规范式模板4套。 (7)刺铁丝、斜拉钢丝、网片(低碳钢丝)、镀塑网等主材 由专业生产厂家直接购买。

建设单位如何在设计阶段利用价值工程进行优化设计

龙源期刊网 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8d18489597.html, 建设单位如何在设计阶段利用价值工程进行优化设计 作者:周理 来源:《价值工程》2012年第28期 摘要:自1978年开始引入价值工程以来,价值工程的应用已经覆盖到各行各业,应用领域也在不断地扩大。国外价值工程应用最为广泛的就是建筑业,在我国却尚未得到足够的重视。本文从建设单位角度应用价值工程理论对设计阶段的方案入手,在面对复杂的内外部环境的情势下,选择最优的设计施工方案。 Abstract: VE (value engineering) has been widely used in lots of fields since it was introduced to our country in 1978 and its application has been expanding ever since. In foreign countries, value engineering is most widely applied to construction industries, but it has not got sufficient attention in our country. This article, from the perspective of construction companies selecting design plans through applying value engineering theory to design phase, explores how to choose the optimal design in the face of complex internal and external environmental situation. 关键词:价值工程;建设单位;优化;钻孔灌注桩 Key words: value engineering;construction unit;optimization;bored pile 中图分类号:TB21 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006—4311(2012)28—0043—02 1 绪论 价值工程最根本的目的,就是以对象的最低全生命周期成本,可靠地实现使用者所需功能,以获取最佳的综合效益。它是通过集体协作、功能分析、技术创新、价值提高等一系列组织活动实现的。 在建设工程项目中,在满足业主功能要求和有关规范标准的条件下,不同的建设方案取得的技术经济效果是不同的。如何使建设项目以最低周期成本,实现可靠功能是提高项目经济效益的关键环节,而价值工程是一种把功能与成本、技术与经济有机结合起来的管理技术,因此它是控制工程造价的重要手段。 价值工程涉及到价值(Value)、功能(Function)和成本(Cost)三个基本要素,基本公式为:价值=功能/成本。 根据上面等式,下面几种途径可以提高产品或服务的价值:

安全措施施工方案

现场安全措施专项施工方案报审表

本表由承包单位填报,一式三份,业主、监理单位、承包单位各存一份。 驻马店碧桂园.清月湾地下车库(一) 现场安全措施专项施工方案 编制: 审核: 审批: 湖北广建建筑有限公司 年月日

目录 No table of contents entries found.七脚手架工程安全施工方案10八临时用电工程安全施工方案 (11) 九电气安装工程安全施工方案 (12) 十消防工程安全施工方案 (13) 现场安全措施专项施工方案 一、土方工程安全施工方案 1、土方开挖工程的施工准备工作 1)开挖前对地质、水文和地下管线(如电缆、电讯管、排水

管、给水管)做好必要的调查和勘察工作。 2)做好施工场地规划工作,平整各部分的标高,保证施工场地排水通畅不积水,场地周围设置必要的截水沟、排水沟。 3)根据地质报告的土壤分类情况决定土壤开挖放坡的起放点和放坡坡度,防止塌方事故的发生。 4)据本工程土方工程开挖深度和工程量的大小,选择机械挖土方案。 2、土方开挖 1)弃土应及时运出,如需要临时堆土,或留作回填土,堆土坡脚至坑边距离应按挖坑深度、边坡坡度和土的类别确定,并不得小于0.5m。 2)人工不能和施工机械并行开挖,如果需要人工配合机械施工,工人和机械的之间不能小于安全距离。 3、排水 1)土方开挖及地下工程要尽可能避开雨季施工,当地下水位较高、开挖土方较深时,应尽可能在枯水期施工,尽量避免水位以下进行土方工程。 2)防止基坑浸泡,除做好排水沟外,要在坑四周做挡水堤,防止地面水流入坑内,坑内要做排水沟、集水井以利抽水。 3)开挖低于地下水位的基坑时,应根据当地工程地质资料、挖方深度度尺寸、选用集水坑或井点降水。 4)采用井点降水,降水前应考虑降水影响范围内的已有建筑

防护网施工方案

防护网施工方案文件编码(GHTU-UITID-GGBKT-POIU-WUUI-8968)

大竹林组团A区横五支路西段道路及 配套工程 施工范围围挡方案 工程概况 大竹林组团A区位于重庆北部新区西南部,西与嘉陵江相邻,北部为礼嘉组团,东侧为人和组团。横五支路西段位于金通大道左侧,南北走向,距离青堡立交约250m,本项目为大竹林组团路网中的重要联络线路之一。 大竹林组团A区横五支路西段道路及配套工程包含两条路:横五支路西段与一号路,两条道路总长。 横五支路西段:道路呈南北走向,位于青堡立交西侧约250m,标准路幅宽度为26m,城市支路,起点接横四路,终点至上跨金州大道桥梁处,其中上跨金州大道桥不含在本次设计范围内。本次设计范围为:K0+至K0+920段,全长。 一号路:道路呈东西走向,标准路幅宽度为16m,城市支路,设计起点接横五支路西段交叉口,设计终点处下穿金通大道,道路总长度约为。 施工围挡线路图(下图红色闭合线):全长。 1.工作范围 本工程所占施工范围线。 2 防护围挡

本工程防护围挡采用隔离网栏结构,严格遵守国家有关技术规范及有关规定。 3 安装布置 沿施工范围线设置且立柱水平间距3m。 4 安装 (1)施工放样。根据设计文件中隔离设施的横断面位置、实际地形及地物条件确定出控制立柱的位置,进行必要的场地清理、定出立柱中心线,测量立柱的准确位置,做出标记。由于实际的征地边界常呈现锯齿形状,在征地界以内,隔离网栏布设时可以做成弧形折线,弧形折线与锯齿型征地界的内侧相切,增强其美观性,以减少网片的异型定制,便于施工及安装。 (2)测量各立柱基础标高,保证安装后隔离网栏顶面的平顺和美观。阶梯状设置段,测出台阶的高度以确定立柱的高度。 (3)在放样和定位工作完成的基础上,开挖基坑,基坑开挖到结构要求深度后,将基底清理干净,经检验合格后,方可进行下道工序。 (4)立柱基坑混凝土施工现场浇筑,将立柱放入坑内,正确就位,用临时支撑进行固定,用靠尺测量立柱垂直度,用卷尺量立柱标高及立柱间距,在确认符合设计要求后,进行混凝土浇筑。立柱的埋设分段进行:先埋设两端的立柱,然后拉线埋设中间的立柱。控制立柱与中间立柱的平面投影在一条直线上,不得出现参差不齐的现象。在施工过程中严格检查立柱就位后的垂直度和立柱高度,以保证网片的安装质量和隔离网栏安装完毕后的整体美观效果。

方案设计阶段成本控制要点

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