英客在线口语细说排球和国际排球联合会的历史
英客在线口语细说排球和国际排球联合会的历史
1.Who invented volleyball?
谁参加了排球？
Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan, physical director of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was designed as an indoor sport for businessmen who found the new game of basketball too vigorous. A professor from Springfield College in Massachusetts noted the volleying nature of the play and proposed the name of “volleyball.” The game soon proved to have wide appeal for both sexes in schools, playgrounds, the armed forces and other organizations in the United States, and it was subsequently introduced to other countries.
排球是1895年示威廉摩根发明的，他是设在马萨诸塞州霍尔约克市的男子青年基督教协会的体育部主任。排球是为商人们设计的一项室内运动，他们发现这种新的篮球运动过于激烈。马萨诸塞州的春地学院的一位教授注意到它凌空击球的性质而起名字为“凌空接球(排球)。”此运动很快被证实在美国的学校, 运动场上、武装部队和其他机构引起广泛兴趣，而且男女都喜欢。后来还被引进到其他国家。
2.Who invented volleyball?When was US- VBA formed?
排球是什么时候创立的？
In 1916 rules were issued jointly by the YMCA and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The first nationwide tournament in the United States was conducted by the National YMCA Physical Education Committee in New York City in 1922. The United States Volleyball Association (USVBA) — now known as USA Volleyball (USAV) — was formed in 1928 and recognized as the rules-making, governing body in the United States.
1916年，男子青年基督教协会和全国大学运动协会（NCAA)联合制订了排球规则。1922年纽约市男子青年基督教协会国立体育委员会主办了美国第一届全国范围的锦标赛。美利坚合众国排球协会(奄称为美国排球协会)1928年成立并且被认为是制定规则的权利机构。
3.Who introduced volleyball to Europe?
谁把排球介绍到了欧洲？
Volleyball was introduced into Europe by American troops during World War I，when national organizations were formed. The Federation Internationale de Volley Ball (FIVB) was organized in Paris in 1947 and moved to Lausanne, Switzerland, in 1984. The USVBA was one of the 13 charter members of the FIVB, whose membership grew to more than 210
member countries by the late 20th century.
排球是在第一次世界大战期间由美国军队引进欧洲的，此时各国家的排球机构相继成立。国际排球联合会于1947年在巴黎成立，并且于1984年搬往瑞士的洛桑。美国排球协会是国际排联13个发起会员国之一，到20世纪末期，会员国已超过210个。
International volleyball competition began in 1913 with the first Far East Games, in Manila. The FIVB-sponsored world volleyball championships (for men only in 1949; for bothplaying rules and officiating. Volleyball became an Olympic sport for both men and women at the 1964 Olympic Games in T okyo.
国际排球赛始于1913年的第一届马尼松远东运动会。这项国际排联资助的世界排球冠军赛（1949年只有男排比赛；1952年起及以后的男女排都有了比赛)接受了标准化规则并予以施行。在1964年东京奥运会上，男女排球比赛变成了奥运会项目。
4.When did international volleyball competition begin?
国际排球比赛什么时候开始？
European Championships were long dominated by Czechoslovakian, Hungarian Polish, Bulgarian, Romanian, and Soviet (later, Russian) teams.
At the world and Olympic levels, Soviet teams have won more titles, both men’s and women’s，than those of any other nations. A highly publicized Japanese women’s team, Olympic champion in 1964
refle cted the public interest in women’s participation. Encouraged by the Japanese Volleyball Association, this women’s team made its mark in international competition winning the World Championship in 1962，1966，and 1967，in addition to the 1964 Olympics. At the end of the 20th century, however, the Cuban and later the Chinese women’s teams dominated both the World Championship and the Olympics.
欧洲的冠军赛长期被匈牙利、波兰、保加利亚、罗马尼亚和苏联等国球队主宰。在世界杯和奥运会比赛中，苏联队贏得的冠军比任何国家都多。倍受媒体关注的日本女队在1964年奥运会上获得冠军，这反映了公众对妇女参加排球运动的兴趣。由于受到日本排协的鼓舞，日本女排在国际比赛中名声大噪。除了1964 年奥运会冠军之外，还贏得1962年、1966年和1967年的世界锦标赛的冠军。然而，到了20世纪末，古巴女排，后来是中国女排，主宰了世界锦标赛和奥运会。
5. Which team was the most powerful at the end of the 20th century?
在20世纪末哪一个是最强大的团队？
A four-year cycle of international volleyball events, recommended by the FIV
B began in 1969 with World Cup championships, to be held in the year following the Olympic Games；in the third, the regional events are
held (e.g., Europear championships, Asian Games, African Games, Pan American Games, etc.)；anc in the fourth year, the Olympic Games.
由国际排联推荐的四年一届的国际排球赛事，始于1969年的世界锦标赛，在奥运会之后的第二年举行; 第三年举行地区比赛事(例如欧洲冠军赛、亚运会、非洲运动会、全美国运动会等)，第四年又是奥运会。
来源；https://www.wendangku.net/doc/931788529.html,