高三英语语法总复习——基本句型
基本句型
1．主语+系动词+表语：
A f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e i s a w e a p o n i n t h e s t r u g g l e o f l i f e.
T h e p l a n s o u n d s p e r f e c t.
T h i s m a t e r i a l f e e l s s o f t.
T h i s i s w h e r e I w o r k.
2．主语+谓语：
T h e t e l e p h o n e r a n g.
H i s f a t h e r m i g h t h a v e d i e d.
W e a l l b r e a t h e,d r i n k a n d e a t.
注：这种结构中的谓语动词是不及物动词，状语并非结构上不可缺少的成分。但在某种情况下，不加状语便不能表达完整的意思，这就引出了下列句型：
△主语+谓语+状语：
T h e m e e t i n g l a s t e d f o r t w o h o u r s.
W e w a l k e d f o r f i v e m i l e s.
T h i s b o x w e i g h s f i v e k i l o s.
H e l i v e s i n G u a n g z h o u.
T h e y w i l l b e f l y i n g t o L o n d o n.
3．主语+谓语+宾语：
S h e i s r e a d i n g a n o v e l.
Y o u m a y h a v e s e e n e a c h o t h e r.
H e i s d o i n g m o r n i n g e x e r c i s e s.
T h i s f a c t o r y m a k e s m a c h i n e t o o l s.
M a r y h a s o r d e r e d a n e w d r e s s.
I h a v e h a d m y l u n c h.
注：这种结构中的谓语动词是及物动词，后面只跟一个宾语，因此称单宾及物动词，一般不需状语即可表达完整的意思。但在某些情况下，状语必不可少，这就引出了下列句型：△主语+谓语+宾语+状语：
H e p u t t h e v a s e o n t h e t a b l e.
J i m b r o u g h t h i s s u i t c a s e s u p s t a i r s.
I’l l t a k e M a r y t o t h e s t a t i o n.
T h e y t r e a t e d h i m k i n d l y.
4．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：
S h e m a d e h e r s e l f a n e w d r e s s.
M y f a t h e r b o u g h t m e a n o v e l.
P a s s m e t h e s a l t,p l e a s e.
注①：这种结构中的谓语动词一般只限于某些双宾语及物动词，它们可以分为两类：第一类：g i v e,s h o w,s e n d,b r i n g,o f f e r,r e a d,p a s s,l e n d,l e a v e,t e l l,h a n d,r e t u r n, w r i t e,p a y,t h r o w,a l l o w,w i s h,t e a c h,p r o m i s e,o w e,r e f u s e等。
第二类：m a k e,b u y,d o,f e t c h,g e t,p a i n t,p l a y,s a v e,r e s e r v e,s p a r e,o r d e r,c o o k, s i n g,f i n d等。
注②：间接宾语有时可以改成一个由t o或f o r引导的短语，这在意思上没有什么差别：I’l l r e t u r n y o u t h e b o o k t o m o r r o w.→I’l l r e t u r n t h e b o o k t o y o u t o m o r r o w.
S h e m a d e a n e w d r e s s f o r M a r y.→S h e m a d e M a r y a n e w d r e s s.
注③：第一类可以改为由t o引导的短语；第二类可以改为由f o r引导的短语。
注④：间接宾语用介词词组表示的场合：
a.对间接宾语加以强调时：
I’v e b o u g h t i t f o r y o u,n o t f o r m y s e l f.
I’l l h a n d t h i s l e t t e r t o t h e s e c r e t a r y a n d n o t t o t h e d i r e c t o r.
b.当直接宾语是一个人称代词时：
I’l l s e n d i t t o y o u t o m o r r o w.
Y o u’d b e t t e r h a n d i t d i r e c t l y t o t h e h e a d m a s t e r.
c.当直接宾语比间接宾语短时：
S h e s h o w e d t h e p i c t u r e t o t h e s t u d e n t s s i t t i n g n e a r h e r.
d.当间接宾语置于句首时：
W h o d i d y o u s e n d i t t o?
T o h i m I t o l d t h e s t o r y,n o t t o h i s b r o t h e r.
e.当间接宾语和直接宾语都是代词时：
H e g a v e i t t o m e.
I’l l l e n d t h e m t o y o u.
5．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语：
W e h a v e p r o v e d h i m w r o n g.
W h a t m a k e y o u t h i n k s o?
S h e f o u n d t h e c h i l d f a s t a s l e e p.
I c a l l e d h i m a f o o l.
注：这种结构中的谓语动词一般只限于某些复合宾语及物动词。
句子成分
一、主语主语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.名词；
2.代词；
3.数词；
4.动名词；
5.不定式；
6.词组或复合结构；
7.从句；
8.名词化的其他词类，如：
A f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e i s a w e a p o n i n t h e s t r u g g l e o f l i f e.
W h o i s s p e a k i n g,p l e a s e?T h i s i s J a c k s p e a k i n g.
T w o w i l l b e e n o u g h.
L i v i n g i n t h a t i s l a n d c o u n t r y f o r t h r e e m o n t h s w a s a n u n f o r g e t a b l e e x p e r i e n c e f o r m e.
E a r l y t o b e d a n d e a r l y t o r i s e m a k e s a m a n h e a l t h y,h a p p y a n d w i s e.
W h e t h e r w e’l l g o d e p e n d s o n t h e w e a t h e r.
“A”i s a n a r t i c l e.
二、表语表语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.名词；
2.代词；
3.数词；
4.形容词；
5.分词；
6.动名词；
7.不定式；
8.副词；
9.介词短语；10.词组；11.从句，如：
T h e m a s s e s a r e t h e r e a l h e r o e s.
T h a t’s s o m e t h i n g w e h a v e a l w a y s t o k e e p i n m i n d.
S h e w a s t h e f i r s t t o l e a r n a b o u t i t.
M y i d e a i s t h i s.
T i m e i s p r e s s i n g.L e t’s h u r r y u p.
A l l I c o u l d d o w a s s e n d h i m a t e l e g r a m.
W e m u s t b e o f f n o w.
T h e y a r e t w i c e t h e s i z e o f c h i c k e n s.
M y i d e a i s t h a t w e s h o u l d s t i c k t o o u r o r i g i n a l p l a n.
三、宾语宾语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.名词；
2.代词；
3.数词；
4.动名词；
5.不定式；
6.复合结构；
7.从句；8.名词化的形容词及其他词类，如：
S h e d i e d a h e r o i c d e a t h.
T h e y d i d n’t p r o m i s e h i m a n y t h i n g d e f i n i t e.
H o w m a n y d o y o u w a n t?W e n e e d t w o.
P a y a t t e n t i o n t o u n i t i n g a n d w o r k i n g w i t h c o m r a d e s w h o d i f f e r w i t h y o u. L e a r n t o p l a y t h e p i a n o.
I’l l g e t i t s t a m p e d.
D i d y o u w r i t e d o w n w h a t s h e s a i d?
四、定语定语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.形容词；
2.代词；
3.数词；
4.名词或名词所有格；
5.分词；
6.不定式；
7.介词短语；
8.副词；
9.词组或合成词；10.从句，如：
H i s w o r d s m o v e d e v e r y o n e p r e s e n t.
W e b e l o n g t o t h e t h i r d w o r l d.
W e m u s t l i v e u p t o t h e P a r t y’s e x p e c t a t i o n s.
T h i s i s i n d e e d a m o s t p r e s s i n g p r o b l e m.
T h e r e a r e t w o t h i n g s t o b e d i s c u s s e d t o d a y.
t h e i n t e r e s t s o f t h e p e o p l e/a m a n o f g o o d t e m p e r/a c h i l d o f f i v e
五、状语状语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1.副词；
2.介词短语；
3.不定式；
4.分词；
5.形容词；
6.词组；
7.复合结构；8.从句，如：
T h e y w e r e g r e a t l y t o u c h e d t o h e a r t h e o l d m a n’s s t o r y.(副词)
T h e y d i d e v e r y t h i n g t h e y c o u l d t o s a v e t h e b o y’s l i f e.(不定式)
I s a i d i t i n f u n.(介词短语)
T h e y a l l r u s h e d o v e r,e a g e r t o h e l p.(形容词)
T h e y r e t u r n e d t i r e d a n d h u n g r y.(形容词)
W e a r e w o r k i n g d a y a n d n i g h t….(词组)
H e c a m e u p s h o u l d e r i n g a s p a d e.(分词)
W e c o m p l e t e d t h e w o r k f i v e d a y s a h e a d o f t i m e.(词组)
S e e i n g t h i s,s o m e s t u d e n t s b e c a m e v e r y w o r r i e d.(分词)
H e e n t e r e d t h e r o o m,h i s n o s e r e d w i t h c o l d.(复合结构)
句子的种类
一、陈述句：
S h e a r r i v e d q u i t e e a r l y.(事实)/S h e m a y h a v e a r r i v e d n o w.(看法)
二、疑问句：
1．一般疑问句：
H a s t h e f a c t o r y g o n e i n t o p r o d u c t i o n?
S h a l l I t u r n o n t h e T V?
2．特殊疑问句：
W h i c h c o l o u r d o y o u p r e f e r?
H o w m u c h i s t h i s t a b l e-c l o t h?
3．选择疑问句：
①一般疑问句+o r+第二个选择:
A r e y o u a n E n g l i s h m a n o r a n A m e r i c a n?
②特殊疑问句+选择部分:
W h i c h d o y o u p r e f e r,r e d w i n e o r w h i t e?
4．反意（或附加）疑问句：
Y o u a r e n o t g o i n g o u t t o d a y,a r e y o u?Y e s,I a m./N o,I’m n o t.
三、祈使句：
B e s u r e t o g e t h e r e b e f o r e n i n e.
Y o u d o i t r i g h t n o w.
四、感叹句：
①w h a t+感叹句：
W h a t a n o b l e-h e a r t e d m a n h e w a s!
W h a t g o o d n e w s i t i s!
②h o w+感叹句：
H o w w e l l s h e d a n c e s!
H o w f a s t t h e y a r e w o r k i n g!
句子的结构层次
一、简单句
二、并列句：
We love peace but we are not afraid of war.
Hurry up, it’s getting late.
三、复合句：
There is something in what he said.
That’s exactly what I am planning to do.
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
高考英语-语法填空-专项训练-动词的时态语态
语法填空专项训练---时态语态 一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. The house belongs to my aunt but she ____________ (not live) here any more. (全国I) 2. This machine _______________ (not work). It hasn’t worked for years. (浙江) 3. If their marketing plans succeed, they________________ (increase) their sales by 20 percent. (全国Ⅱ) 4. Population experts predict that most people ___________(live) in cities in the near future. (上海春) 5. He __________(play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津) 6. -- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -- Yes, since she _________(join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏) 7. Teenagers ____________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆) 8. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother __________ (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南) 9. John promised his doctor he _____________ (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京) 10. By this time tomorrow, I_____________ (lie) on the beach 11. So far this year we _________ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建) 12. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____________(stay) in many worse hotels. (北京) 13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ____________ (know) each other for years. (辽宁) 14. -- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -- I think so. He _____________________ (prepare) for it for months. (江苏) 15. The telephone ________________ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川) 16. --Did you go to the show last night?
高考英语语法知识点总结
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
单招高三英语语法专项复习——名词
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高考英语语法练习题精选200题-
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A.不填;;the B.不填;a C. the;不填 D. the; a 8. The most favorite room is the tidy study with a fireplace, we can watch TV and enjoy the nice scenery outside. A. where B. when C. that D. which 9. —You don't seem to be quite yourself today. What's wrong? —Oh, I'm suffering from a cold. Nothing serious, A. yet B. indeed C. though D. anyway 10. ________ lessons were not difficult. A. Our few first short English B. Our first few short English C. Our few first English short D. Few our first English short 11. Mr. Smith sold that magnificent cottage of his on the sea 2,000,000 dollars. A. at B. for C. to D. by 12. —Which one can I take? —-You can take _________ of them; I'll keep none. A. both B. any C. either D. all 13. What a pity! He ___________ the only chance of success. A. threw away B. put down C. gave in D. broke off 14. —Come in, please. Make yourself at home. —I'm glad you like it. A. Thanks. You have a nice place here. B. Oh, this picture is so beautiful! C. Thanks. What nice food you've prepared!D OK. Let me look around your new house. 15. ________ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb. A. To save B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved 16. —How much is the T-shirt __________ ?—65 dollars. A. worth B. cost C worthy D. paid 17. —Glad to meet you.—________ A. So do I. B. How are you? C. How do you do? D. The same to you. 18. —Can I drive on the free way, Mr. Green? —You can when you a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get 19. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 20. For many Beijingers, dreams of living in ______________ _ green area are becoming ____ _____ reality. A. a; a B. the; the C. 不填;不填 D. 不填;a 21. My money __________ . I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I 'nvoene in hand. A. has run out B. is running out C. has been run out D. is being run out 22. For quite __________ ___ students, their teacher 'asdvice is more important than ___________ of their parents '. A. few ; one B. a few; that C. a little ; some D. a lot; many 23. _______ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had 24. On the long journey, Peter __________ a most interesting guide. We all had a wonderful time. A. practiced B. behaved C. proved D. conducted 25. --Do you live __________ near Jim? --No, he lives in another part of the town. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere 26. This photo of mine was taken ________ stood the famous high tower. A. which B. in which C. where D. there 27. Some of the suspects 嫌疑犯）refused to answer and kept their mouths shut. A. questioning B. being questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned He had little idea that it was getting so late, ___________ ? 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Had... met; was driven C. Did... meet; had been driven D. Have... met; had driven 35. —Why didn't you answer my phone when I phoned you at about 11 p. m. yesterday?
高考英语语法专题复习——时态
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(完整版)高三英语语法填空专项训练(含答案解析)
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