主谓一致知识点

主谓一致

一、并列结构做主语时与谓语的一致关系

1、A and B，可分为四种情况

1）A、B表示不同人、事物或概念，谓语用复数形式(both A and B谓语用复数形式)

Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.

2）A、B表示同一个人、物或概念，谓语用单数形式

A journalist and author lives in the sixth flat. (同一个人用一个冠词，不同的两个人用两个冠词) 3）A、B之前有each, every, many a, no等修饰语时，and连接，谓语用单数

Each boy and each girl is invited.

注：many + 复数名词，谓语用复数；many a/an + 单数可数名词，谓语用单数

Many students like pop songs.

Many a student likes pop songs.

a great/good many+复数名词，谓语动词用复数

4）A、B为两个不可分的东西时，谓语用单数

A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.

表示同一个人或一样东西：salt and water盐水，bread and butter涂黄油的面包

表示两个部件组成的物品：a knife and fork刀叉，a cup and saucer杯碟，a cart and horse（a horse and carriage）马车，a watch and chain 表带，needle and thread针线

2、就近原则

or, not only… but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…, not…but…

Either you or I am mad.

Not you but I am to answer for it. 对此负责的是我而不是你

3、主语后跟有一些词时：

A + with/along with/ together with/ besides/ but/ except/ like/ including/ as well as/ rather than +

B + 谓语（与A保持一致）

All but one were here just now.

She as well as the other girls is going to another supermarket.

二、单一主语的情况

1、以复数形式结尾的名词做主语时和谓语的一致关系

1）表示学科名词：physics, maths, economics, politics, athletics(体育), gymnastics(体操),statistics(统计学)用单数：Physics is very important.

politics表示观点的时候谓语用复数

The politics by Aristotle were studied at Oxford.

注：plastics表示塑料时，谓语用复数；表示塑料学时，谓语用单数

2）表示双部分名称的词：clothes, glasses, jeans, scissors, shoes, trousers/pants, arms武器，goods, wages, shorts, contents短裤等用复数，the Olympic Games谓语用复数

Why are your shoes so dirty?

注：当有a pair of等词修饰时，谓语用单数。

3）表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以-s结尾的专有名词，谓语用复数

The Philippines are in the Pacific Ocean. 菲律宾群岛位于太平洋

Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America. 罗基山脉坐落于北美洲西部

2、动名词、不定式、从句做主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数

What he likes is reading before going to bed.

what引导的从句如果后面是系表结构，表语为复数名词，谓语动词用复数

What he gave me are five English books.

当两个非谓语并列表示两件事，谓语用复数形式

Learning a theory and putting it into practice are two different things.

3、集体名词做主语

1）people, police, cattle, youth, poultry(家禽)等集体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数

The cattle are grazing in the field. 牛群正在牧场吃草。

注：people当解释为民族时有单复数（peoples）

如：There are 56 peoples in China.

A people needs to develop.

2）family, crowd, class, public, enemy, group, army, team, crew, audience, committee, company, government, personnel(职员), staff集体名词做主语时分两种情况：

①当作整体，用单数

Our family owns a cute dog.

②当作若干个体，用复数

When Mr. White came into the room, his family were watching TV.

注：population人口做单数看，用谓单。

3）一些集体名词machinery机械，equipment设备，furniture家具，jewelry珠宝(总称)，clothing 衣服，luggage行李表示单数概念，用谓单

A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment.许多旧设备被新设备代替。

4）单复数同形的名词作主语，根据修饰词判断单复数

常见的单词：aircraft, crossroads, deer, fish, headquarters, means, series, sheep, species, works(工厂)

Lots of aircraft were sent there.

Every means has been tried.

注：fishes表示各种各样的鱼

work表示作品是可数名词，a work 一部作品，two works两部作品

三、其他情况

1、主语为表示数词、距离、时间、长度、价值、金额、重量等名词时，谓语用单数。

Two hours is enough.

注：①a + 量词（group, crowd, row, set, heap堆, party组）+ of + 复数可数名词，用谓单。

A row of low houses was found beyond the hill.

②a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of, 名词+ of this kind（类似的type, sort, form, part, piece, section），谓语动词与of前面的名词保持一致

This kind of apples is highly priced.

Apples of this kind are highly priced.

2、one/every one/each one/each/anyone of /in/out of+ 名词复数（谓语用单数）

Each of them has a slide(滑板). = They each have a slide.

如果one改成two等大于1的词，谓语用复数

Three in ten students have failed in the exam.

当each, all, both用作同位语，谓语与主语保持一致

We each have an English book.

3、neither/either/none + of + 可数名词复数（谓语用单复数都可），若后面+ 不可数名词（谓单）None of that money in the desk is his.

None of his classmates knows the truth. = None of his classmates know the truth.

4、more than…

more than one(单数名词) + 谓单

more than two(复数名词) + 谓复

more +复数名词+than one 谓语用复数

More members than one have protested against the plan.反对这项提议的会员不止一个。

5、分数/百分数+of + 不可数名词或单数名词→谓语用单数

分数/百分数+of + 复数名词→谓语用复数

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.

One-third of the teachers in this school like giving exams to students to find progress.

6、a number of + 复数名词→谓语动词用复数

the number of + 可数名词/不可数名词→谓语用单数

A great number of tourists have been to the Great Wall.

The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.

与number类似的还有average、total

比较：The majority of+复数名词，用复数谓语，the majority单独作主语，谓语即可单数也可复数。The majority of boys like football.

7、all, some, any, most, plenty, quantity, none等后接不可数名词，谓语用单数；后接可数名词复数，谓语用复数

A large quantity of grain has been stored for the winter.

A large quantity of nuts have been stored by the squirrel.

Quantities of +可数名词复数/不可数名词，谓语用复数

8、enough, rest, part等后接单数可数名词或不可数名词，用谓单，后接复数可数名词，谓语用复数

The rest of the money is to be paid next month.

The rest of my holidays are spent in Hawaii.

9、a great deal of, a large/small amount of后接不可数名词，用谓单

A great deal of help was given to us.

10、the + 形容词，表示一类人谓语用复数，表示一类物谓语用单数（the poor, the living, the rich, the dead, the wounded, the young表示一类人）

The rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.

富人们支持这项决议，穷人们反对它。

The unknown is always something to be feared.

未知的东西总是令人畏惧的。