词汇、语法的输入载体与情境

词汇、语法的输入载体与情境

黎里中学张春艺

牛津英语8A Unit5 GrammarI

(…Used to … and …Be used to?)

Teaching goals

1.To use “used to” to talk about a past habit or state

2.To use “be used to “ to talk about what we have done regularly

Teaching producers

Step1 Having a revision

T: Do you still remember Dr. Ma?

S: Yes, a doctor.

T: Where did he work in past?

S: In the hospital.

T: Where does he work now?

S: On the ORBIS plane.

( So we can say Dr. Ma used to work in the hospital. Pay attention please, when we talk about a past habit or state. We can use an infinitive after “used to”. (解释为：过去常常做……) Step2 Practicing

Say something about Dr. Ma’s life when he worked in a hospital using “used to”

Step3 Diong an extension activity

Divide the class into a team of four, ask the partners about their habits or the things did in the past regularly in their life, and write the habits or things on the paper.

I am going to tell you about XXX’s life.

He/She used to live in …

He/She used to play …twice a week.

…

Step4 Presenting

Now Dr. Ma works on the ORBIS plane. He lives a life which is different from the one in the past. But he is used to his new life. He is used to working on the ORBIS plane.

We use …be used to? to talk about something we have done regularly for a long time so that it is not new any more. W e put it before a noun (phrase) or an “ing” form of a verb

Step 5 Finishing off the exercises

Go to page 83 to finish exercises in Part A, B and C in pairs.

Step 6 Doing an extension activity

How have your lives changed since you started secondary school?

What new experiences and routines were you not familiar with at first? Like the different method of traveling to school, larger school size, different uniforms, more subjects offered. Work together to formulate sentences to express the idea of becoming accustomed to something.

I am used to taking the bus to school.

I am used to the larger classes at secondary school.

I am used to wearing the school uniform.

I am used to studying more than 10 subjects a week.

Step 7 Coming to a summary

Compare …used to? and …be used to?, and then work out the rule on page 84.

used to与be used to的运用区别

●used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。Mother used not to be so forgetful.

Scarf used to take a walk. 过去常常散步）

●be used to + doing：对……已感到习惯，或“习惯于”，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk.（现在习惯于散步）

●used to 的用法

否定式简写为usedn't，过去经常，以前常常。

We used to go there every year. （我每年都去那儿。）

He is not what he used to be. （他已不是旧日的他了。）

This used to be a shabby house. （此房年久失修）

●used to，would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事，有时可以换用。

●used to do 强调整过去习惯性的行为或状态，但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此，这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。

Step 8 Homework

a. Review what we have learnt.

b. Finish off the exercises in the Evaluation Handbook

课例分析：

在教学实践中，我们教师在课堂上从未淡化语法教学，反而一直很重视，很强调，但是学生在运用语言过程中仍漏洞百出。在任务型语法就教学中，我们要选择合理的语法教学模式的方法，强调运用所学语言知识通过完成任务来表达有意义的思想。任务型语法教学是培养学生具有完成特定任务的能力，所以我们的任务应贴近学生生活，并体现学生情感需要。

而学生通过任务学习方法，在执行任务和参与语言活动中内化语法概念，并能在任务型学习方式所提供的有效语言环境中，重视用语言的外在形式和语法结构，以促使学生有陈述性知识结构向程序性只是转化。

首先，此课例以设问法让学生去了解“used to”和“be used to”并让学生对两者的用法进行有效地对比，并通过大量的贴近学生生活情形有关练习，让学生形成一定的结构程序知识。

其次，在大量的巩固练习后，让学生能对所学语法知识进行归纳，更明确对所学语法的运用。让学生从任务型语法学习中，了解到随着语境的变换，题型也可变换，真正做到灵活运用，一通则百通。例如：”use”有其实意，那就是“使用”。因此，在被动语态中，所呈现的“be used to do”就意味着“被用来做某事”，那么他们在解题时势必会进行多层考虑，也就能真正的学以致用。

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