B3U3 大学英语3 第三单元

Unit 3 The Land of The Lock

vulnerable （Line 80）: exposed to danger or attack; unprotected

Museums in the developing world often have fewer security measures and thus remain more vulnerable to theft.

发展中国家的博物馆防盗措施往往不够，因此更容易被盗。

It has become a conventional wisdom that children have become so vulnerable that they should be protected by special right and codes.

孩子们容易受到伤害，应该制定特别的法律法规予以保护，这已达成了共识。

Archilles was invulnerable except in his heel.

阿喀硫斯只有脚后跟能受到伤害。

comparison: vulgar /volunteer / voluntary / involuntary

dramatic adj.（Line 10 ）:exciting or impressive

A fifth year of drought is expected to have dramatic effects on this province’s economy.两个多月的旱灾会严重影响了该省的经济。

The Hybrid rice technology researched by Yuan Longping has given dramatic increase in rice production.袁隆平研究的杂交水稻技术使水稻得到大幅度增产。

No one can deny the fact that dramatic changes have taken place in China owing to the opening and reforming policy.改革开放二十年中国发生了天翻地覆的变化，这是不容置疑的事实。

Landing on the moon was one of the most dramatic scientific adventures of this century.登上月球是本世纪最扣人心弦的科学探险之一。

The way information transmits has dramatic changes in that the mobile phone has almost become a necessary tool for today’s youth.信息传播的方式发生了惊人的变化，手机几乎成了今天人们必备的通讯工具。

replace / Displace （Line 12）

Replace 放回原处，归还，代替，赔，另找一个来代替，退，调换

All books must be replaced on the shelves. 所有的书必须放回原处。

Children often forget to replace things. 孩子常常忘了把东西放回去。

Y ou must replace the stolen money. 你必须归还偷来的钱。

Plastics replaces many other materials. 塑料取代了许多其他材料。

Can anything replace mother's love and care? 有什么东西能取代妈妈的关爱呢？。 We have replaced heavy work / manual labor / dangerous work by /with machine/ robots. 我们用机器/机器人取代繁重的工作/体力劳动/危险的工作。

Displace 取代，代替，迫使（某人）离开家园

Television has displaced motion pictures as America's most popular form of entertainment. 电视作为美国最受欢迎的娱乐形式取代了电影。

Tom has displaced Harry in Mary's affections. 在玛丽的感情生活中汤姆已取代了哈里。

Deplorably these factories have displaced tourism as the country’s largest source of foreign exchange. 可悲的是，这些工厂取代旅游行业，成为国家最大外汇来源。 Many of the inhabitants were displaced by the rising floodwaters.许多居民由于越涨越高的洪水而不得不离开了家园。

Premises /premise / prerequisite

Premises: 1) (pl) all the buildings and land that an institution occupies on one site

The corporation is looking for new premises.

2) sth. That you accept as true and use as a basis for another idea or way of thinking (usu. Followed by that clause)

The program started from the premise that men and women are on equal terms in this society.

Prerequisite:

The conditions of the loan included the prerequisite that costs were cut.贷款的前提是要将削减成本作为先决条件。

She stressed the importance of peace and development as a prerequisite under which women could participate fully in social advancement.她强调和平和发展非常重要，这是妇女完全参与社会发展事务的前提条件。

A realistic self-image is the prerequisite for a productive attitu de towards one’s own feelings of envy现实的看待自己是有效对付嫉妒情绪的前提条件。.

feature （Line 20）: show distinctive characteristic; give a prominent part to(sb.or sth) Many examples and extra grammatical information are among the special features of this dictionary. 本词典别具特色，诸多例证多及新增语法要点等。

Brevity is distinctive of his writing style./His writing style is characterized/featured by brevity. 简洁是他的文体特色。

The joint communiquéinitiated a new age of bilateral friendship, featuring increasing high-profile exchanges.

联合公报开创了双边友谊的新时代，体现日益增强的具有广泛影响的双边交流。 It will be the fifth time for the Ensemble to stage such a concert, featuring the theme of the Lantern Festival.

这将是该组合第五次举办这样的音乐会，主要体现元宵节这一主题。

Transformation（Line 26）: great change

Comparison: Alter/convert/modify

Transform意为变形、改变，强调外形上的巨大变化，也指突然、出乎意料的变化。 The criminal has been transformed into a decent member of society.

alter意为改动，指改变形状或细节，但保持事物的根本属性。

central park somewhat altered with the passing years.

The design of the lathe must be altered to meet the new requirements.

convert 意为转变，指通过改变使事物具有新的用途，也指改变态度、状态及信仰。 No attempt was made to convert their belief.

The classroom was converted into a shop.

modify意为修改、更换，指从本质上改变事物，强调改变其功能，也指改变态度，但并不强烈。

Boner refused to modify his policies.

The equipment was modified to produce locomotives.

W ander (line 36): moved about without a fixed purpose (followed by about / around / through etc.)

For three months they wandered in Europe.

They wandered in the campus.

The survivors wandered about the jungle for days before being picked up by a search party.

The river wanders through some very beautiful country.

Don’t wander from the subject.

access n.（Line 37）: means of approaching or entering; opportunity or right to use sth or approach sb.

The president also issued a federal report showing 65 percent of public schools have access to the Internet.总统还公布了一份联邦调查报告，报告显示百分之六十五的公立学校可以上网。

Does an open school mean totally free access to teachers, classrooms and corridors at all times?开放式学校是否就意味着人们任何时候都可以自由地得到老师的辅导，自由的进入教室学习并自由地享用走廊呢？

For hundreds of years, women and minorities have been denied equal access to a range of opportunities.几百年来，妇女和少数民族都无法平等地享有许多机会。

accessible a. accessible (to sb.): that can be reached, used, etc.

Computers should be made readily accessible to teachers and pupils.应该让老师和学生很方便的就能使用电脑。

The new office will be twice as large and just as accessible as the old one, she said新办公室是现在的两倍大，交通一样很方便，她说。

Traffic was brought to a virtual standstill due to a raging flood，the island was now only accessible by boat.来势凶猛的洪水阻断了交通，人们只能靠船只往返该岛。

Sophisticate (line47): having or showing much worldly experience and knowledge of fashionable life; complicated and refined; subtle; elaborate

The child is quite sophisticated for his age.

I can’t work this sophisticated new equipment.

This process is highly sophisticated.

sophisticated modern weapon/ photographic techniques/ taste/ clothes

discussion/argument

Without so much as (line 53/56)：without even something

He didn’t so much as thank me for returning his money that I found.

Off he went, without so much as a “goodbye”.

Be bathed in （Line 55）: cover or envelop as if with liquid

The garden was bathed in moonlight.

The room also was bathed in sunshine.

The valley was bathed in sunlight.

He was bathed in sweat.

Afford (line 56): be able to something without the risk to oneself

I can't afford 3 weeks away from work.

我的工作不允许我脱身三个星期。

It is a possibility, and we cannot afford to disregard it.

既然有这种可能性，我们可不能置之不理。

A five-day working week affords us more leisure time.

每周五天工作制使我们有了更多的休闲的时间。

Margin (line 59)

By a comfortable margin 时间充裕地，以较大的多数

He left home early and caught the train by a comfortable margin.

He expected the House to pass the bill by a comfortable margin.

By a narrow margin 比分相差不大的，以微弱多数，悬而又悬地

We won the game by a narrow margin.

He was elected by a narrow margin.

He escaped defeat by a narrow margin.

By a … margin

Senate ratification finally came ——but by only a one vote margin.

error(line 59)

comparison:

error和mistake普通词，使用范围广。

error常指违反某一既定模式或标准，特别是不合乎道德标准；Carelessness often leads to errors.

He realized the error of his ways.

We should forgive the error of one's youth.

mistake表示日常生活中的一般性错误，常指人无意犯下的错误。二者在很多情况下可以互换。

I took your umbrella by mistake.

blunder通常指行为或判断上的错误，暗指无知，不能对事情做出正确的判断。 His chief blunder is his misconception of Kant.

Her giving up that opportunity is a blunder.

slip意为小错误，强调偶然、无意中犯的错误。

"Too" was a slip of the pen, I meant to write "to".

He knew our plans just because Kay made a slip of tongue.

他知道我们的计划就是因为凯说走了嘴。

be locked out of （Line 62）

The uneducated are locked out of opportunities.未受过教育的人们被拒于门外，于工作机会无缘。

I feel locked out of life’s larger possibilities.我感到已无可能从生活中得到更大的机会了。

Having protested against her boss, she found herself locked out of employment.

顶撞了老板之后，她发现自己已与所有就业机会无缘。

rape whistles （Line 68）

private lesson 家庭教师亲授的课

Airport bus 开往机场的巴士

bankruptcy lawyer处理破产诉讼案件律师divorce lawyer处理离婚诉讼案件律师 insect powder杀虫粉

out-（Line 70）

outperform outlive outgo outrun outsit outnumber outsize outact 在演技上超过outbrave勇敢面对，战胜，比勇敢outspend 比花得多，one’s income Outdo 制服，胜过，比作得好outbalance 在重量，价值，影响，重要性方面超过

The cook outdid himself last night. 那位厨师做出的菜超过平日的水平。

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