医学考博英语作文分析及范文指导(3)

医学考博英语作文分析及范文指导（3）

医学考博英语作文内容为要求考生根据一篇800-1000字的汉语医学科普文章，写出一篇200字的英文摘要，很多考博生感到无从下笔，考博频道将带领大家根据模医学考博英语作文拟试题进行分析指导。

Part V Writing (20%)(50 minutes)

Directions：In this part there is an essay inChinese. Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English onthe ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that your summary covers all the major points ofthe article.

饮食预防三高脑卒中泛指各种急性的脑血管意外，包括脑出血、脑缺血梗死、脑血栓形成、蛛网膜下腔出血等。这些疾病成因复杂，病后恢复慢，如果治疗和护理不当还容易复发，有着很高的致残率和死亡率。有研究表明，年龄(50岁)、吸烟史、糖尿病、高脂血症、高血压、牙周病等，都是导致脑卒中发生的危险因素。血压增高会使得脑血管破裂的风险增加，高血糖和高血脂会造成血流缓慢、动脉血管弹性下降、粥样硬化形成，为脑部组织供血的血管网在“三高’’的侵袭下，会逐步丧失活力，变得脆弱、狭窄。

说到脑卒中的防治，离不开饮食和营养。通常而言，低盐、低脂而营养均衡的饮食方式，有助于防范“三高”对脑卒中的诱发。盐的成分是氯化钠，长期钠摄入过多会降低动脉壁弹性，使人患高血压。有研究发现，单纯减少盐分就可以使得1/3患者的血压降低。一个人一天所需要的钠盐不过是1克左右(除非大量排汗)，1克盐大约只相当

于花生米大小的一点点，而人们在日常饮食中所摄入的往往要高出几倍甚至几十倍。多吃盐会造成身体对其他几种电解质如钾、镁、钙的需要增加。高钾饮食能促进身体钠的排泄，而镁元素有降胆固醇、扩张血压的作用，充足的钙摄入可以避免因缺钙造成的骨钙溶出和钙在软组织、血管壁的异常沉积。由此可知，保持饮食中钠、钾、镁、钙等无机元素的平衡，摄入低盐、高钾、高钙和高镁的食物能预防高血压、动脉硬化，从而防范脑卒中。

考博英语通用签约全程班【直播+录播】！！点击免费试听

低脂肪、低胆固醇的饮食，对于“三高”的治疗、脑卒中的预防无疑是必要的。但要适度进行，避免矫枉过正，对老年人尤其如此。有许多热衷保健的老年朋友认为动物脂肪有害无益，因而很少吃动物肉，动物内脏和蛋黄也因为胆固醇含量高而遭排斥。然而动物蛋白质相比植物蛋白含有较多的蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、脯氨酸和牛磺酸，是营养学界公认的优质蛋白质，长期拒食可能会造成氨基酸摄入不足、血管脆性和弹性下降。不可否认，动物肝脏和蛋黄中胆固醇的含量确实很高，对于血脂异常的人来说，的确不适合随意进食，但同时在常见食物中它们的营养价值排名靠前，如蛋黄中富含卵磷脂，而肝脏富含维生素A、D、B族和微量元素铁、锌、硒、铜等，完全放弃实在可惜，而善加利用则有助于营养均衡。有许多调查和研究都表明脑出血的发

生与蛋白质摄入不足相关，却并非营养过剩，可见一味吃素并无益于减少脑卒中发生的危险。

营养均衡是预防脑卒中发生的硬道理，但说来容易做时却不简单。比如说，许多人都知道不吃早餐不利于身体健康，但却长年如此;还有的人不注意维护牙齿健康，人还未老，咀嚼功能却严重下降，导致蔬菜水果摄入减少，粗粮杂豆更是不敢去动了。再有就是人们在饮酒上的态度，要么好饮贪杯不能自己，要么干脆滴酒不沾，然而各种研究都表明红葡萄酒同绿茶一样，都含有多酚类物质，这是一种能保持血管壁弹性、预防动脉粥样硬化的好东西，有试验表明每天饮用一杯红葡萄酒可防止形成血栓，产生与阿司匹林相似的保护作用，故此，人们可以通过少量饮用红酒和适量饮茶来获得。另外，人们还应该关注季节和物产变化造成的营养差异，比如在冬天，是脑卒中发病的高峰期，而冬季人们的食物当中往往更缺乏富含维生素C的新鲜果蔬，维生素C具有抗氧化性，可以减少血中纤维蛋白原的浓度，具有对心脑血管的保护作用，一个人尽量保持每天的蔬菜消费量不少于500克、维生素C的摄入不少于100毫克将有助于预防脑梗的发生，特别是高血压和糖尿病患者更应做到这一点。

【写作例文】

Keep a Balanced Diet to Stay Away from ThreeHypers

Brain stroke refers to acute cerebra] accidents including hemorrhage, is chemic thrombus of the brain, etc. This is closely related to the “threehypers”, namely hyperg lycemia, hyperlipemia, and

hypertension.Hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia slows down blood circulation, reduces bloodvessel elasticity, thus causing arteriosclerosis while hypertension may lead toblood vessel rupture. To prevent the three hypers, a balanced and rational diethas to be kept.

Most importantly, a balanced diet low in salt and fat helps preventstroke caused by the three hypers. Too much salt may reduce the elasticity ofblood vessel and thus cause hypertension. Balanced diet may help reducecholesterol and promote sodium excretion to take in adequate calcium, kalium, etc.instead of salt. However, don’t go to extreme when keeping a balanced diet. Abalanced diet doesn’t necessarily mean no intake of fat, salt and animal foodat all.

To keep a bal anced diet regularly and constantly, don’t skipbreakfast. Don’t drink too much. Keep dental health. Eat some fruit andvegetables for adequate intake of various vitamins according to differentseasons.

In short, to avoid brain stroke, stay away from the three hypers. Todo this, we should take in adequate amount of nutrients while keeping abalanced diet.

【写作分析】

人们常说“眼睛是心灵的窗户”，而一篇文章的标题则是文章主题的窗户。一看这个标题，我们就可知这是一篇关于如何通过饮食来预防“三高”的文章。文章有“三多”：一是字数相对地多(1370字)，二是医学术语多，三是营养学和食品术语多。但读者和考生不必担心，最

近四年来，只要是医学专业术语，试卷上都会标注相应的英文。关键词包括，三高(three hypers/three highs)，脑卒中(brainstroke)，营养均衡(balanced diet)，低(或“高”)盐、脂肪、胆固醇(等)的食物(foods/dietlow/high in salt，fat and cholesterol)，预防(prevent)，营养(nutrition)，营养物/素(nutrients)等。还有就是文章写得有些凌乱，但凌乱似乎是历届医学博士英语考试摘要写作原文的特点，尤其是1999年、2000年和2007年的题。所以，大家需要平静地对待。

第一个难似乎是“三高”，完全可以直译成threehighs(笔者用的是three hypers，因为“三高”的英文的前缀都是hyper-)。当然，在这之前要将“三高”的英文全文写到摘要中，否则threehighs师出无名。

第二个难点是如何几句话后就转到饮食预防“三高”的话题。原文写得有些凌乱，第一段无非是说脑卒中是由“三高”引起的。只要把这一点写出来了，就可以通过一个转折词来转到通过饮食预防“三高”了。

第三个难点是如何去掉繁杂的细节，拣最主要的讲。概括起来，无非就是各类食物可能引起哪个“高”，所以要避免该类食物。这里就可以根据读者和考生的医学常识进行简写，只要不与原文的意思相反即可。

最后就是总结全文，重述主题句(通过控制饮食或均衡营养来预防“三高”)了。总的说来，不要被那些专业术语、营养词汇以及那些细节吓坏了，用最通俗的话来概述和总结全文即可。阅卷老师看的是你的英文水平，而不是看你的医学知识和科研水平。

2018考博英语写作万能模板

2018考博英语写作各部分万能模板 开头万能模板： 1．开头万能模板一：名人名言 有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！ 原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？ 经典句型： A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言） It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言） 更多经典句型： As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2．开头万能模板二：数字统计 原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。 原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：Honesty 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 Travel by Bike 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。Youth 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型： A recent statistics shows that … 结尾万能模板： 1．结尾万能模板一：如此结论 说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子： Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！ 更多过渡短语： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型：

医学博士英语作文

医学博士英语作文 总的原则和规律 一般来说博士的英语作文一般都是给阐述或陈述问题的文章写摘要，如“吃早餐有利于身体健康”、“吸烟有害健康”、“中国大学生越来越能接受心理咨询”、或“医疗体制的现状”等等这样文章，可使用以下的模版: 陈述问题型文章，分三种类型: 一、正面陈述问题 “吃早餐有利于身体健康”就是只从正面陈述问题; 二、负面陈述问题 如“吸烟有害健康”这样的文章，就是一般只说明吸烟是有害的，只说负面影响。三、客观的陈述问题(正负面都有的) 如“医疗体制的现状”等问题，因为这样的文章有好也有坏的方面，也就是有正面也有负面的问题。又如04年的博士论文，就是对医院问题的陈述，文章分别从洋医院、民营医院和公立医院几个方面来阐述，分别说明这几种医院各自的优点和缺点，所以这样的文章就是典型的客观陈述事实的文章。 首先看看是什么样的文章，再确定用什么模版来套用。(各个类型我都做一套模版) 但是不管是哪个类型的文章都不外乎这几个步骤，切记，不要觉得无所谓啊～～～～步骤一、确定一个好的题目 一般这个题目可以和中文标题的翻译一样，应该是陈述性的词组，用 “of” 、“and” 或“N 词组加介词短语” (1) 如文章是陈述的一个事情或问题，那就用什么的什么(sth1 of sth2)

如中国医疗体系的现状: The State of Arts of Chinese Medical Care System 或医疗制度的改革: Reform of Chinese Medical Care System (2) 讲到一个负面的问题，一般都是和健康有关系的，就可以说 sth1 and Health 如吸烟和健康，早餐和健康等等 (3)如果本文只讲到了一件事情，那么可以用介词短语 如A Blind Zone in Child-nutrition, (小孩营养问题的盲区) 等等 注意:1、第一个词和所有的实词大写，介词和冠词(The, a an)等虚词小写 2、最好要是陈述性的词组，除非原文的标题本来是疑问句 步骤二、浏览全文，把要点在试卷上划记下来 既然是写文章的总结(summary)，那么首先需要浏览全文，我感觉这些文章都已经把条理给整理清楚了，那么基本可以确定大概的几条，在试卷上把重要的部分用笔划出来;还可以把序号打上，说明一共有几点。注意:1、不用划记细节描写的语句，而用文章中陈述性的语句。一般来说主题句都是陈述性的语句。如讲到公费医疗体系的问题，你不要去划记那些中国的公立医院有多少，增长了多少的句子，而应该着重看陈述性的主题句是怎么说的，如果说有了大幅度的增长你就要知道这句话是最重要的句子。(切记:除非本文就是讲数据，而且目的在于测试考生们数据增长、减少等句型的话，那么就要用数据说明问题了) 步骤三、确定一个全文的主题句 这个问题是最重要的，也就是文章讲了什么 步骤四、确定每个段落的主题句 步骤五、最后有个小小的总结 文章的框架: 文章字数是200，那么大约是11-13句左右的样子。 标题

2020考博英语作文热点话题预测及范文：创新意识

2020考博英语作文热点话题预测及范文：创新意识 The cartoon aims at informing us of the significance of the consciousness of innovation. Definitely, no once can deny the importance of it. A innovative spirit can promote the advancement of both individuals and society as a whole. only those who are keeping on creating new things can make continuous progress and maintain competitive edge. To further illustrate the importance of innovation, I would like to take Steve Jobs as a case in point： how could he, a genius who change the way of modern communication, recreation and even our life, invent so many powerful electronic products without a creative spirit ? From my perspective, at no time should we overlook the power of the consciousness of innovation. Furthermore, we need to develop a habit of discovering new things，using new methods and applying new thoughts in our work, study or simply everyday life. “Innovation is the spirit of human being's progress.” A philosopher once said.

博士英语作文模板

医博英语写作模板 This article reveals that ______has become one of the prominent issues which are closely related with people’s health/ of the modern society/in the area of antibiotics. (This article reveals that it has become a hot phenomenon currently that more and more people are concerned about ______.) Most people take it for granted that ______. However, it is not always the case. This is indicated in a survey recently made in somewhere by somebody. Scientists found that is it How to deal with it These questions will be discussed in detail below. What is it It is defined as a ______ syndrome characterized by ______, which is caused by ______. It is harmful to health and worse cases may lead to death. What are its symptoms Its symptoms are characterized by ______, etc. What are its harms To account for it, several serious effects have been put forward. To begin with, it not only does harm to our physical and mental health but also results in______. In addition, nothing is more harmful than it to ______. Last but not the least, no issue is as harmful as it to ______, which is a threatening situation we are unwilling to see. What are its risk factors Its pathogenic causes have not been known thoroughly, however the following factors may cause it. Firstly, ______. Secondly, ______. Thirdly, ______. How to prevent The best way to prevent it mainly lies on the following four aspects. Firstly, ______ is especially good for ______. In addition, ______ should be suggested to ______ because it helps to ______. Furthermore, it is helpful to reduce the possibilities of being in the danger of suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Finally, but not the least point is that fat and oily food usually attribute to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is better to take in light food instead of fat and oily food. In general, _____ has become one of the prominent issues in the area of _____ which should be paid more attention to. If the effective measures mentioned above are adopted reasonablely, we will hopefully stay healthy all the time.

考博英语作文范文200篇

2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Obviously, the earliest teachers we have in our lives in most cases are our parents, and they are generally the most involved in the development and education of their children. Yet neither are all parents good teachers nor are those good parents the best teachers. First of all, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy every thing from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, if their children did not follow the instructions, the children would be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than ever before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Albert Einstein's mother and Forest Gump's mother are both good examples. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have divorced are often severely distorted. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers. [404 words] 4. It has been said, "Not everything that is learned is contained in books." Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why? Both experiences and books are very essential resources, and both of them have relevant merits. Experiences are the most direct resources we ever have. Almost our every basic skill came from experiences, such as walking, articulating, reading even thinking. Without experiences, some natural born abilities even might lose. Studies have shown that a baby who was robbed by animals into forest for 12 years lost his ability to talk in human language. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that each and every skill develops by experiences, and that's why people always say practice makes perfect. Books are valuable when knowledge is beyond the scope of our experiences. Perhaps the most obvious examples are those fluent writers. They write various stories, the scopes of which are far beyond any individual's experiences. Take Joyce Carol Oates for example, her productivity has been prodigious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays and literary criticism. Although some of them appear to come from her own direct observations, her dreams, and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day. Yet either experiences or books may give us wrong information. Our direct observations always are subject to our beliefs, hopes, fears, expectations, and our bias, which might make observations unreliable. People vary in their powers of observation, and the reliability of our observations is no better than the reliability of our memories, which as we know can be deceptive. Information printed in papers sometimes is unreliable either, it may be misprinted, or even deliberately distorted. For example, Definitions such as Marxism, Capitalism, Zionism are totally different in the Oxford Learner's Dictionary of Current English between the original edition and the sanctioned Russian edition. 1

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