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读写4 Comprehension of the text section A

读写4 Comprehension of the text section A
读写4 Comprehension of the text section A

1. Why does the writer compare an artist who seeks fame to a dog chasing its ow n tail?

Because like a dog chasing its own tail, when the artist captures the fame, he does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it.

2. What will happen to artists if they become bored?

Their work begins to show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult t o sustain the attention of the public.

3. Why is it possible for artists to lose support from the audiences if they make c hanges to their style?

Because the public discounts styles other than those for which the artists have becom

e famous.

4. What do famous writers, painters and moviemakers have to give up in order t o maintain their fame and fortune, according to the writer?

Their freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.

5. In which way is the performer similar to the politician, according to the writer ?

Theyhave to please their audiences by saying things they don’t mean or fully believe.

6. What does the writer want to show by giving an example of Oscar Wilde’s uncompromising behavior?

Artists pay a heavy price for remaining true to themselves.

7. What explanation may failed artists give to themselves for their failure? Their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences.

8. Why are Thomas Wolfe, Beethoven, Pestalozzi, and Thomas Edison mentioned in Paragraph 8?

To show that failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succe ed.

1. What does the writer mean by saying “A welfare client is supposed to cheat. E verybody expects it.”?

He means that a welfare client is believed to lie to get extra money and people know it .

2. How has the writer chose to live as a welfare client?

He has chosen to live an honest life by drumming up some business outside and drawi ng cartoons for magazines.

3. Why do the caseworkers think they are entitled to have clients bow to them? Because they know clearly that they are being made fools of by some of their clients, and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation.

4. What is the writer’s attitude toward caseworkers?

He doesn’t think those caseworkers are to blame, so he isn’t being bitter.

5. Why did the caseworkers become “detectives” according to the writer? Because the welfare system practically requires people to lie.

6. How could the author possibly get his wheelchair repaired?

He had to call a caseworker he called Suzanne first. After giving a little lecture, Suzan ne,was,supposed to notify the medical worker, who would certify that there was a pro blem. Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get the chea pest bid. Then the medical,worker alerted the main welfare office. They considered th

e matter for days before calling back,and approving the repair, i

f he was lucky.

7. What does the writer think of the current welfare system?

He thinks that the system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well a s by the clients.

8. What kind of new welfare system does the author dream of?

He dreams of a new system that will encourage the clients and help them to develop t heir talents, rather than seek to convict them of cheating.

1. According to the writer, what would happen if the transformation under discu ssion takes place?

The living standards in the developing world will be greatly improved.

2. What does the writer mean by describing places as “deaf and dumb”?

The writer refers to those places without telecommunications facilities such as telepho nes,

where there is little exchange of information.

3. Why are advanced communications seen as a way to leap over whole stages of economic development?

Because advanced communications and subsequent widespread access to information technologies enable the developing regions to shorten the process of changing from la bor-intensive assembly work to industries that involve engineering, marketing and des ign.

4. Why do some experts believe it is inappropriate for Vietnam to require that its mobile phones all be expensive digital models?

Because they believe it is in bad need of any phones and it lacks experience in weighi ng costs and choosing between technologies.

5. What has Hungary done to quicken its steps into the modern world?

First, it sold a 30% stake in its national phone company to two Western companies to overcome the problem of funds and to quicken the import of Western technology. Sec ond, it has leased rightsto a Dutch-Scandinavian group of companies to build and oper ate an advanced digital mobile phone system.

6. What is one of the most popular ways mentioned in the passage to boost a pho ne system in developing countries? And why?

Wireless. For it’s cheaper to build radio towers than to string lines across mountain rid ges and it is a reliable service.

7. Why can wireless phone providers make more profits in Latin America? Part of the reason is that customers there talk two to four times as long on the phone a s people in North America.

8. Why are mobile phones popular among businesspeople in Thailand? Because mobile phones make it possible for them to keep contact with each other eve n when they are caught in the traffic jams.

1.Why do students sometimes feel surprised when they find business ethics are included in the content of their business course?

Because they don’t know how serious the problem of bribery is.

2. What will the manager of a company do if he decides to give up his principles in a negotiation with some government officials?

He will probably bribe the officials.

3.Why are practices such as paying agents and purchasers an exaggerated commission, and offering additional discounts described as “questionable”? Because these practices are likely to be morally wrong and may be certain forms of bribery.

4. What might individuals from a foreign company do if they want to sell arms to

a country?

They might make large payments to ruling families or their close advisers, or make donations to party bank accounts.

5.Wh at does “a copy with a preface” mentioned in Paragraph 7 refer to?

It refers to a rare edition of a book with $20,000 slipped within its pages.

6.What efforts has the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) made to prevent bribery?

It has proposed a council to manage a code of conduct, which can distinguish between commissions paid for real services and exaggerated fees that really amount to bribes.

7.Has the ICC finally taken action to prohibit bribery? Why or why not?

No. Because its members have different opinions about the duties of the ICC.

8.Can you give some examples mentioned in the text to show that “industry is caught in a web of bribery?

Yes. More than 300 U.S. companies, for example, admitted that they had made questionable payments.

1. What does The History and Geography of Human Genes conclude?

The book concludes that despit e surface features, the“races”are rema rkabl y alike under the skin.

2. Who created the first genetic map of the world?

Luca Cavalli-Sforza, a Stanford professor, and his colleagues.

3.Where did the scientists find the information to draw a global family tree?

In human blood, because various proteins serve as markers to reveal a person’s gnetic ma keup.

4. Why did people assume that Australia’s nativepeople were closely related to blac k Africans? What do the discoveries made by the scientists show?

Because they share such superficial characteristics as skin color and body shape. But the discoveries indicate that Australians are most distant from the Africans an

most closely resemble the Southeast Asians.

5. What else does the genetic map of the world show us about Africa?

It confirms that Africa was the birthplace of humanity and thus the starting point of the origi nal human movements.

6.What does the genetic map show about Khoisan people?

It shows that the Khoisan may be a very ancient mix of west Asians and black Africans, rath er than being directly descended from the most primitive human ancestors, and that their br eeding ground lies in Ethiopia.

7.According to genetic information, are Europeans pure or mixed?

All Europeans are thought to be a mixed population, with 65% Asian and 35% African genes.

8.What is the ultimate aim of the study conducted by the scientists?

The ultimate aim is to weaken conventional notions of race that cause racial prejudice.

Unit 10

1.Why does the writer believe that judgment rather than knowledge is the most important contribution employees make to their companies?

Because he believes that knowledge is useless until it is applied. And application of knowledge takes judgment.

2.What stuff do intelligent but flexible people lack according to Daniel Goleman?

The ability to adapt./The adaptive skills.

3.What is the writer’s suggestion for people who want to develop their emotional intelligence?

Accept a highly personal practice to improve the four adaptive skills: raising consciousness, using imagery, considering and reconsidering events to choose the most creative response to them and integrating the perspectives of others.

4.What should people do to raise their consciousness according to the writer?

Thinking differently on purpose. It involves noticing what you are feeling and thinking and escaping the conditioned confines of one's past.

5.Why do Olympic ski racers close their eye, sway their bodies and imagine themselves running the course before the race?

Because by doing this they can improve their performance.

6.Why does the writer suggest integrating the perspectives of others?

Because your view of the world is limited by your genes and experiences you've had and by integrating the perspectives of others you can enlarge your senses.

7.Does the writer think we think only with the brain?

The author believes that our ability to think and reason is not confined to the brain but is distributed throughout the body's universe of cells and we think with our hearts, brains, muscles, blood and bones.

8.What does the writer mean by saying“without the software of emotional maturity and self-knowledge,the hardware of academic training alone is worth less and less”?

By saying this, the author means without cultivating emotional intelligence, the academic training is useless.

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里,我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们:“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说,“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣!但是要记住:未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里,你们拥有丰富的资源:有来自全国各地的有趣的学生,有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师,有综合性图书馆,有完备的运动设施,还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油,学着结交充满魅力的人,学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历,并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择,你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程,但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程!大学里有很多事情可做可学,每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样,你不仅会变得更加博学,而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇,她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移,王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来,并将其转化为对设计的热情,从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里,一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里,住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌,令你头痛欲裂!你可能喜欢早起,而你的室友 却是个夜猫子!尽管如此,你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心,不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训,从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以,带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情,勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧! 7 我们相信,你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信,当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时,你们很快就会认识到,大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会,同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过:“教育代代相传,它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者,也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识,并把知识传递给你们,而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识?你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好?你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来? 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会,也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们!

新视野大学英语_读写教程4课文翻译

●UNIT 1 ●第一段翻译:(艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。) ●第二段翻译:(对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!” 他们的担心不无道理。 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。 享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。) ●UNIT 2 ●第六段翻译:(这种震惊唤起了他的想象。 卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。 没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。 他将这些物体想象成其他东西。 因此在《当铺老板》中,一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术的“病人”. 在《淘金记》中,靴子被放在锅里煮,靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉,就像上好的鱼片一样(鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除)。 这种对事物的转化,以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧,正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘所在。) ●UNIT 4 ●第一段翻译:(一个将会大大提高发展中国家生活水准的转变正方兴未艾。 一些不久前还是信息闭塞的地方正在迅速获得最新的通信技术,这将促进他们吸纳国内外投资。 亚洲、拉丁美洲和东欧的许多国家也许需要10年时间来改善其交通、电力供应和其他公用设施。 但是只一根直径小于半毫米的光纤电缆就可以比由铜丝制成的粗电缆承载更多的信息。

由于安装了光纤电缆、数字转换器和最新的无线传输系统, 从北京到布达佩斯的一系列城区和工业区正在直接步入信息时代。 一个蛛网般的数字和无线通信网络已经发展到亚洲的大部分地区和东欧的部分地区。) ●第二段翻译:(所有这些发展中地区都把先进的通信技术看作一种跨越经济发展诸阶段的途径。 例如,信息技术的广泛应用有望缩短劳动密集型的组装工业转向涉及工程、营销和设计的那些产业所需的时间。 现代通信技术“将使中国、越南这样的国家比那些困于旧技术的国家拥有巨大的优势”。) ●第三段翻译:(这些国家应以多快的速度向前发展是人们争论的一个问题。 许多专家认为,越南在目前急需电话的情况下,却要求所有的移动电话都必须是昂贵的数字型电话,这种做法太超前了。 一位专家说:“这些国家缺乏成本估算和选择技术的经验。) ●UNIT 5 ●第一段翻译:(事实如此,我们孤独无依地生活着。据最近的统计,共有2,200万人独自生活在自己的住所里。 其中有些人喜欢这种生活,有些却不喜欢。有些离了婚,有些鳏寡无伴,也有些从未结过婚。 ●第二段翻译:(孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病,我们羞于承认它,甚于其他任何罪恶。 而另一方面,故意选择独处,拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃,却是美国式英雄的一个特点。 孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险,征服广袤的荒野时,并不需要有人陪伴。 梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋,有意疏离了城市生活。现在,这成了你的个性。 独处的灵感是诗人和哲学家最有用的东西。) ●108页第十三段翻译:(科学调查表明,独居的人会对着自己、对着宠物、对着电视机唠叨不休。 我们问猫儿今天该穿蓝色套装还是黄色裙装, 问鹦鹉今天晚餐该做牛排还是面条。 我们跟自己争论那个花样滑冰选手和这个滑雪运动员到底谁更了不起。 这没什么不妥,也对我们有好处,而且不像有些人那么令人尴尬:在超市付款处,排在前面的女人告诉收银员, 她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能会来看她。

大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及答案1

大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及答案1

大学英语读写译(一) 期末测试题(1) Part I. Reading Comprehension (50%) Section A. Skimming and Scanning (10%) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For question 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Spiders Spiders can be distinguished from other Arachnids because the prosoma (combined head and thorax) is only separated from the opisthosoma (abdomen) by a narrow waist, in other Arachnids the whole body appears to be much more of a single unit. All spiders produce

第二版新视野大学英语读写教程4第四册课文翻译

课文翻译 艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。 他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。 尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。 若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。 公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。 公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。 同样,像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家,希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。 它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你或是可能的你。 艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹。

新视野大学英语(第二版)读写教程3 课文翻译

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WHAT IS STRESS The term stress has been defined in several different ways. sometimes the term is applied to stimuli or events in our environment that make physical and emotional demands on us, and sometimes it is applied to our emotional and physical reactions to such stimuli. in this discussion, we will refer to the environmental stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress. 压力这个词已经有几种不同的定义。有时候这个术语适用于我们环境中的刺激或事件,这些刺激或事件会对我们产生身体和情感方面的要求,有时也适用于我们对这种刺激的情绪和身体反应。在这个讨论中,我们将环境刺激或事件称为压力,并将情绪和身体上的反应称为压力。 Many sorts of events be stressors, including disasters, such as hurricanes or tornadoes; major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a job; and daily hassles, such as having to wait in line at the supermarket when you need to be somewhere else in 10 minutes. What all this events have in common is that they interfere with or threat our accustomed way of life. when we encounter such stressors, we must pull together our mental and physical resources in order to deal with the challenge. How well we succeed in doing so will determine how serious a toll the stress will take on our mental and physical well-being. 许多事件都是压力源,包括灾难,如飓风或龙卷风; 重大生活事件,如离婚或失业; 每天都有麻烦,比如当你要在10分钟内到别的地方去却不得不在超市排队等。所有这些事件都有共同之处,就是它们干涉或威胁我们习惯的生活方式。当我们遇到这样的压力时,我们必须整合我们的精神和物质资源来应对挑战。我们如何成功地做到这一点将决定压力对我们身心健康将产生多大的影响。 Reacting to stressors The Canadian physiologist Hans Seyle has been the most influential writer on stress. Seyle proposed that both humans and other animals react to any stressor in three stages, collectively known as the general adaptation syndrome. the first stage, when the person or animal becomes aware of the stressor is the alarm reaction. In this stage the organism becomes highly alert and aroused, energized by a burst of epinephrine. After the alarm reaction comes the stage of resistance , as the organism tries to adapt to the stressful stimulus or to escape from it. If these efforts are successful, the state of the organism returns to normal. If the organism cannot adapt to the continuing stress, however, it enters a stage of exhaustion or collapse. 加拿大生理学家Hans Seyle在压力方面一直是最有影响力的作家。塞尔提出,人类和其他动物在三个阶段对任何压力源作出反应,统称为一般适应综合症。第一阶段,当人或动物意识到应激源时,就是警报反应。在这个阶段,机体变得高度警觉和激起,并被一阵肾上腺素所激发。当警报反应进入抵抗阶段后,机体试图适应压力刺激或逃避压力。如果这些努力成功,机体的状态就会恢复正常。然而,如果生物体不能适应持续的压力,它就进入衰竭或崩溃的阶段。 Seyle developed his model of the general adaptation syndrome as a result of research with rats and other animals. In rats, certain stressors, such as painful tail-pulling consistently led to the same sorts of stress reactions in humans, however, it is harder to predict what will be stressful to a particular person at a particular time. subjective person's the on depends stressful be will stimulus particular a Whether

最新新视野大学英语读写教程第四册(第二版)课文翻译uint-1

Unit 1 An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. 艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction. 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 "Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed. 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。 The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt. 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on. 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。 The lure of drowning in fame's imperial glory is not easily resisted. 享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing,

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版1课文翻译

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Unit 2 (大学英语读写译4课文翻译)

Unit 2 Text A Technology and Happiness 技术与幸福 Para. 1 1. In the 20th century, Americans, Europeans, and East Asians enjoyed material and technological advances that were unimaginable in previous eras. =20世纪的美国人、欧洲人和东亚人都享受到了过去历代人都无法想象的物质和技术进步所带来的乐趣。 2. In the United States, for instance, gross domestic product per capita tripled from 1950 to 2000. =譬如,在美国,从1950年到2000年,人均国民生产总值翻了3倍。 3. Life expectancy soared. =人的寿命大幅度提高。 4. The boom in productivity after World War II made goods better and cheaper at the same time. =二战后生产力的迅速发展使商品物美价廉。 5. Things that were once luxuries, such as jet travel and long-distance phone calls, became necessities. =诸如乘飞机旅行和打长途电话等曾经是奢侈的事情成了生活中不可或缺的一部分。 6. And even though Americans seemed to work extraordinarily hard, their pursuit of entertainment turned media and leisure into multibillion-dollar industries. =即使美国人工作时似乎是格外勤奋努力的,可他们对娱乐的追求却使得他们将媒体和闲暇转变成了盈利数十亿美元的产业。 Para. 2 1. By most standards, then, you would have to say that Americans are better off now than they were in the middle of the last century. =那么,根据大多数标准衡量,你会说,现在的美国人比上个世纪中叶富裕得多。 2. Oddly, though, if you ask Americans how happy they are, you find that they are no happier than they were in 1946 (which is when formal surveys of happiness started). =然而,奇怪的是,如果你问美国人有多幸福,你会发现,他们并不比1946年时幸福(1946年正式开始对幸福状况进行调查)。 3. In fact, the percentage of people who say they are “very happy” has fallen slightly since the early 1970s ----- even though the income of people born in 1940 has, on average, increased by 116 percent over the course of their working lives. =事实上,那些说自己“非常幸福”的人所占的比例自20世纪70年代早期以来一直稳中有降——尽管20世纪40年代出生的人的收入在他们的工作生涯中平均增长了116%。 4.You can find similar data for most developed countries. =你可以在大多数发达国家找到相似的数据。 Para. 3 1. The relationship between happiness and technology has been an eternal subject for social critics and philosophers since the advent of the Industrial Revolution. =自工业革命出现以来,幸福与技术之间的关系一直是社会批评家和哲学家们长期研究的课题。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第四册课文翻译

Unit1 爱情与逻辑:谬误的故事 1 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后,我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克,而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的,他一想到这个就受不了,于是他和我达成了一项协议,用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明,而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 2 但她漂亮而且富有,也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景,足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半,我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 3 “光彩照人”,她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”,让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 4 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后,我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区,我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里,我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么?”她问道。 5 “逻辑学。” 6 “好酷啊,”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 7 “逻辑学的原理,”我说道,“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实,其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误。” 8 “好啊,”她表示同意。 9 “‘绝对判断’是指在证据不足的情况下所作出的推断。比方说:运动是有益的,所以每个人都应该运动。” 10 她点头表示赞同。 11 我看得出她没弄明白。“波莉,”我解释说,“这个推断太过简单化了。如果你有心脏病或者超级肥胖症什么的,运动就变得有害而不是有益。所以你应该说,运动对大多数人来说是有益的。” 12 “接下来是‘草率结论’。这似乎不言自明,对吧?仔细听好了:你不会说法语,罗伯也不会说法语,那么这所学校里好像是没有人会说法语。” 13 “是吗?”波莉吃惊地说。“没有人吗?” 14 “这也是一种逻辑谬误,”我说,“这一结论太草率了,因为能够支持这一结论的例证太

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