Translation Techniques
Translation Techniques
I. Diction [选词用字]
run
1. The idea runs in his mind.
这个念头萦绕在他的脑海里。
2. The machine runs well.
机器运转良好。
3. The street runs north.
大街向北延伸。
4. The news runs rapidly in the town.
这个消息迅速在镇上传开了。
poor
5.Cuba is indeed a poor country, but it intends to catch up.
古巴的确是个穷国，但它打算迎头赶上。
6. The water is poor in oxygen.
水中缺氧。
7.The Department of Justice was reluctant to bring poor cases into court.
司法部不愿意将没有把握打赢官司的案子拿到法庭上。
8.The outlook for detente is poor over the short time.
不大有希望在短期内缓和。
9.In my p oor opinion, you’ve made a great mistake.
依鄙人之见，你已铸成大错。
10.Other media closer to the scene dismissed Carter as a poor loser.
对此事比较了解的其他媒体鄙夷地认为，卡特是一个输了会发脾气的人。
11.“Poor Mexico”, an old saying goes, “so distant from God, so close to the United States.”
“可怜的墨西哥，”一句老话说，“离上帝那么远，离美国却这么近。”
12. She told me that she was a poor sailor and always went to bed immediately on getting on the boat.
她告诉我她晕船，所以总是一上船就上床睡觉。
Develop
13.This fear is that these minor clashes may develop into all-out confrontation.
人们还怕这些小冲突会发展成为全面的对峙。
14.When started out as a short story it eventually developed into a full-scale novel.
最初打算写短篇小说，最后却写成了完整的长篇小说。
15. Their casual acquaintance developed over time into a lasting friendship.
他们偶尔中相遇，但随着时间的流逝，却产生了永久的友谊。
16.The whole project developed out of an idea that I had while I was in the States.
整个方案源于我在美国产生的设想。
17.The government is going to develop a new strategy to deal with the problem.
政府计划实施新的战略，解决这个问题。
18.They’ve just developed a new drug that will cure the illness if it’s caught in th e earliest stages. 他们刚刚研制出一种新药，能治愈早期的疾病。
19. She’s developed some very strange habits since she started living on her own.
她开始独自居住后，养成了些怪癖。
20. The company is spending $ 650 million to develop new products.
公司投入6.5亿美元开发新产品。
21. Large cracks have begun to develop in the wall of the house.
墙壁上开始出现大裂缝。
22. This exercise is designed to develop the shoulder and back muscles.
这种运动旨在锻炼肩部和背部肌肉。
23. For some reason, the last film I took didn’t develop properly.
由于某种原因，我上回拍的照片胶卷冲得不好。
24. The study showed that one in twelve women is likely to develop breast cancer.
研究表明，十二分之一的女性易患乳腺癌。
25. A good diet is essential for a child’s healthy growth and development.
饮食对于孩子的健康成长和发育至关重要。
26. There’s been a lot of housing development in the area.
该地区已经开发了大量的房地产。
27. The world is scraping bottom in the deepest economic slump in a half-century.
世界目前在为度过这场半个世纪以来最严重的经济衰退而使出了最后一点力量。
28. In this book he presents his hero with an Arab’s voice, and not with the usual Western voice.他以阿拉伯人的口吻，而不是以西方人常有的腔调来介绍他书中的主人公。
29. Bright red costumes, with hats, shoes, and stockings to match, are to be all the craze in the Spring. Smart women will have to be careful not to yawn in the streets in case some short sighted person is on his way to post a letter.
时髦的女士身着鲜红的服装，加上与之颜色相配的帽子，鞋子和袜子，这种风尚在春季十分流行。但她们在街上可千万别打哈欠，要不然，那些近视眼们会误以为遇上了邮筒而往他们的嘴里塞信。
II. 词义褒贬
30.Hitler’s ambition to conquer the whole of Europe was doomed to fail.
希特勒欲征服整个欧洲的野心是注定要失败的。
31.Although he is very young, he is very ambitious in his research work.
他虽然很年轻，但是在研究工作中很有雄心壮志。
32. He is fidgety and restless.
他生性急躁好动。
33. A11 the inventors have a restless mind.
所有的发明家都有一个思维活跃的头脑。
34. She was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone.
她被没完没了的电话铃声搞得心烦意乱。
35. The old couple made a persistent effort to search for their daughter lost in the war.
这对年老的夫妇执著地寻找它们在战争中丢失的女儿。
36. I always consider him calculating and mercenary and did my best to avoid him.
我一向认为他这个人工于心计又唯利是图，所以总是设法避开他。
37. To be something and somebody was Harriman’s fondest wish for his son.
哈里曼最大的心愿就是希望他的儿子能成名成家。
38. When he hosted a grand party to celebrate the nation’s 2500th anniversary, he invited actually everybody who was anybody, but mostly nobodies showed up.
他为庆祝建国2500周年举行了一个盛大的典礼。他几乎邀请了所有的有名人士，但真正出席者大多是些无名之辈。
39.When everybody is somebody, then nobody is anybody.
如果人人都是大人物，那就谁都不是大人物。
40. He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved.
他是一个正直诚实的人，但不幸有某种坏名声。我相信他这个坏名声是不该有的。
41. Then, just as Chinese friends arrived who might secure my journey, the Russians arrested me as a “spy” and sent me out through Poland.
后来，就在那些可能为保护我旅途安全的中国朋友到达的时候，俄国人把我当作“间谍”逮捕了，并把我驱逐出境，取道波兰。
42.His splendid new car was the envy of all his friends.
他那辆豪华的新轿车使所有的朋友都很羡慕。
43.They say such scandalous things about you out of envy.
他们这样诽谤你是出于嫉妒心。
44.The adoption of the new policies will surely lead to some striking results.
采取各项新的政策必将带来某些显著成果。
45.There would have been more painful result but for the drastic measures.
若不是采取严厉的措施本会出现更痛苦的后果。
46.John was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well.
约翰是个积极肯干的推销员，他工作干得很出色。
III. 词义引申
具体——抽象（具体含义的引申）
47. It is regrettable that our appeal remains a dead letter.
遗憾的是，我们的呼吁没有得到响应。
48.Such conduct is known in all languages as piracy.
这种行为是各国公认的强盗行为。
49. During the war, he was an embryo surgeon, and joined the mobile medical team.
在战争中，他是一个初出茅庐的外科医生，参加了流动医疗队。
50. I was not one to let my heart rule my head.
我不是那种让感情支配理智的人。
51. Application of laser [light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation] in medicine is still in its infancy.
激光在医学中的应用仍处于发展初期。
52.The wedding, which Heyward still remembered with pride, was attended by a Who’s Who of Boston society.
参加婚礼的有波士顿社会名流，赫华德想到这次婚礼时仍然感到非常得意。
53. The invention of machinery had brought into the world a new era—the Industrial Age. Money had become King.
机器的发明使世界进入了一个新纪元即工业时代，金钱成了一切的主宰。
54. I was practically on my knees but he still refused.
我几乎是苦苦哀求，但他依然拒绝。
55. Since I only got the news at second hand, I took it with a grain of salt.
这个消息我只是间接听来的，所以并不完全相信（所以只是半信半疑）。
56. I must bare my heart to someone, or I shall go mad!
我一定要和人说说心里话，否则我就会发疯了！
57.He thinks by all this fast talking and flattery he can pull the wool over her eyes, but she isn’t deceived.
他以为像这样花言巧语加上奉承就可以蒙蔽她，但她没有受骗。
58.The matter was finally settled under the table.
事情终于私下解决了。
59. I have no head for music.
我没有音乐方面的天赋。
60. Pleases don’t wake a sleeping dog.
请不要惹事生非。
61. If you dare to play the fox with me, I’ll shoot you at once.
你要是敢对我耍滑头，我马上毙了你。（诈？杀！）
62. Words once reserved for rest-room walls are now common stuff in films, plays, books and even on television.
曾经是不登大雅之堂的语言，如今充斥着电影、戏剧、书籍，甚至电视。
63. If he is unhappy with her... why doesn’t he leave her? She can be happy without him. It is so silly—this cat-and-dog existence.
假使他同她在一起是那么不幸福……他为什么不离开她呢？她没有他还是幸福的。这是多么无聊呀——这种经常争吵的生活。
64. Alice was a girl who always seemed to be in the clouds. When she got wind that a third exam was in the wind, a cloud immediately passed over her face. For she had failed the last two and was under a cloud. She knew for sure that she could not pass this one in a breeze either. “Oh, dear me!” she said to herself. “It never rains but it pours.” But one second thought, she cried, “Maybe every cloud has a silver lining. So I must have another try, rain or shine.”
艾丽丝是个爱幻想的姑娘。她一听说要举行第三次考试，脸上立刻不高兴起来。上两次考试，她没及格，心里怪难受的。她十分清楚，她也不能轻而易举地及格。“哎”她自言自语地说：“坏事一旦发生，就接踵而来，不考则已，考起来就没个完。”可是，又一想，她叫了起来：“也许绝望之中，还有一线希望。所以，不管怎样，我必须再试一次。”
抽象——具体（抽象概念的引申）
65.The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.
我前头那辆车开不动停住了，我错过了绿灯。
66. She is a valuable acquisition to the firm.
她是这家公司不可多得的人才。
67. We are eager to benefit from your curiosity.
我们迫切需要从你们的探索精神中获益。[我们急切要学习你们的探索精神。]
68. The hotel is a massive effort of stone, wood and concrete.
这家旅馆是用石头、木料和混凝土建成的庞大建筑物。
69. The Great Wall is a must for most foreign visitors to Beijing.
长城是大多数外国旅游者访问北京的必到之地。
70. Action and foresight will be needed as well as brightness and ambition.
不但需要聪明和有抱负的人，而且需要有远见卓识的实干家。
71.Is the emigration of intelligence to become an issue as absorbing as the immigration of strong muscle?
人才外流是不是和劳工输入同样成为一个问题呢？
72.There are three steps that must be taken before we graduate from the integrated circuit technology.
我们要完全掌握集成电路工艺，必须经过三个阶段。
73.Advertising campaigns have, however, promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small plastic cards.
然而，广告公司大做宣传，让越来越多的人相信这种小塑料卡片的好处。
成语、比喻、典故的引申
74.When Edison tried to make the first carbon filament, he did not have the cards in his hands.
艾迪生试图制造出第一根碳丝时，并不是很有把握的。
75. Promise me not to let the cat out of the bag and I’ll tell you.
如果你答应不泄露秘密，我就告诉你。
76. Every day since I last wrote has been like its neighbor.
从上次写信到现在，我过的日子天天如此。
77. Last night I didn’t sleep well. I heard him driving his pigs to market.
昨晚我没睡好，我听到他鼾声如雷。
78. She found the key she had lost last month, which was like a bolt from the blue.
她找到了上个月丢失的那些钥匙，真是喜出望外。
79. A good dog deserves a good bone.
立功者受奖。
80. I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse.
我不知道他是不是一个内奸。
81.The enemy’s Achilles’ heel was his harbour defense.
敌人的致命处在海防。
IV. Amplification
82. The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest.
最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体电阻最大。
83. At the time of Kennedy’s assassination, Kissinger felt that a second term would have led either to greatness or to disaster.
肯尼迪遇刺时，基辛格认为，如果肯尼迪再任一届总统的话，大概不是立大功，就是闯大祸。
84. In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué.
晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。
85. There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no “ordinary Chinese” with paper flags and bouquets of flowers.
没有发表讲话，没有各国外交官到场，也没有“普通中国人”挥舞纸旗、花束的场面。
86. As a result, a few token meetings were being set up through Foggy Bottom, the more-than-ever appropriate nickname for the Department of State. It describes Secretary Rogers’ influence ... foggy and at the bottom.
结果在“雾谷”开了几次象征性的会议。“雾谷”这个绰号今天对国务院来说是再贴切不过了。它描述了国务卿罗杰斯的影响: 虚无缥缈如雾，地位低下如谷。
87. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩。
88. They talked for almost eight hours, through dinner and well into the night.
他们谈了几乎八个小时，晚餐时也在谈，一直谈到深夜。
89. Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed healths.
热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是k菜，又是切面包，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。Omission
90. John rose gloomily as the train stopped, for he was thinking of his ailing mother.
火车停了，约翰闷闷不乐地站了起来，心里想着病中的母亲。
91. If you want to kill a snake you must hit it first on the head and if you want to catch a band of robbers you must first catch their leader.
打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。
92. William Sidney Porter, who is known under his pen name, O. Henry, is one of the best known writers of America.
威廉·悉尼·波特尔，笔名欧亨利，为美国最知名的作家之一。
93. The true joy of joys is the joy that joys in the joy of others.
与人同乐才是真乐。
94. The traveler in the south must have often remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many cases to be a particular gift to the quadroon and mulatto women.
到南方去的人一定经常注意到混血女郎大多别赋魁力，举止优雅，话语轻柔。
95. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, the grass was dead.
天未下雪，但叶落草枯。
96. So fine was the morning except for a streak of wind here and mere that the sea and sky looked all one fabric; as if sails were stuck high up the sky, or the clouds had dropped down into
the sea.
清晨晴朗，清风徐徐，水天一色，征帆如插高天，浮云似遁海底。
Negation
97. Herb may be dying somewhere calling out for his mom and dad with only strangers around. 赫伯也许在某个地方快死了，哭爹喊娘的，身边连一个亲人也没有。
98. When Philip missed the last bus, he was at a loss to know what to do.
菲利普没赶上最后一班公共汽车，不知如何是好。
99. Jim’s face squeezed between the bars until it looked as though only his ears kept his head from coming through.
吉姆把脸紧贴在铁栅上，似乎要不是因为张着两只耳朵，头就伸到了铁栅外。
100. Both sides thought that the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity.
双方认为，那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议。
101. When young he quitted his home and traveled to me metropolis, which he reached in a state of almost utter destitution.
青年时代，他背井离乡，徒步来到首都，几乎身无分文。
102. More than any other poet. Lord Byron has been identified with his own heroes—with Childe Harold, the romantic traveler, with Matured, the outcast from society; with Don Juan, the cynical heartless lover.
没有任何一个诗人象拜伦那样酷似自己诗中的主人公：哪个情思浪漫的旅游者，那个为社会所不容的曼伏雷德，和愤世嫉俗的情场老手唐璜。
103. There is nothing like jogging as a means of exercise.
锻炼身体的最好办法是跑步。
104. To most people it is not easy to explain why Einstein’s theory eventually shook me whole scientific and intellectual world.
大多数人难以解释，为什么爱因斯坦的学说最后震撼了整个科学界和知识界。
105. Such window can never be more than half opened.
这种窗子最多只能开足一半。
106. No one knows where the shoe pinches like the wearer.
哪儿脚痛，穿鞋人最清楚。
Repetition
107. The signs of China’s influence and success abound in America.
中国的影响，中国的成就，在美国到处可见。
108. He became an oil baron—all by himself.
他成为一个石油大王——一个白手起家的石油大王。
109. It is our duty to build and defend our homeland.
重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。
110. The use of poison gas is a clear violation of international law—in particular of the Geneva Convention.
使用毒气显然违反国际公法，特别是违反日内瓦公约。
111.They covered the 19th century foreign intervention in China, Mao’s Long March in the mid-1930s, the French and American revolutions.
他们谈到十九世纪外国对中国的干涉，谈到毛泽东在三十年代中期的长征，还谈到法国革命和美国革命。
112. Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized.
谁犯了纪律，谁就应该受到批评。
113. Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside.
上大学的，上大学了，下乡的，下乡了。
114. Gentlemen may cry peace, peace—but there is no peace.
先生们尽管可以高喊和平，和平！但是依然没有和平。
115. Prominent among the most prominent upon the most prominent shelf were series of splendidly bound volumes entitled “Skinner’s Works.”
在那个最显眼的书架上最显眼的书籍中显眼的几卷就是精装的名叫《史金纳全集》的一套书。116. Loyal to every great cause and work he was engaged in, loyal to his friend, loyal to his family, loyal to his country, loyal to his God...
他从事的每一项伟大的事业和工作，忠于自己的朋友，忠于自己的家庭，忠于自己的国家，忠于自己的上帝……
117. The toasts were flat.
祝酒词是平平淡淡的。
Transforming Part of Speech
118. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.
火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
119. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.
一看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，我就特别神往。
120. A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.
从他办公室的窗户可以看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。
121. The political far right shared Walla ce’s hatred of aid to Greece and Turkey, if for different reasons.
极右派政客也跟华莱士一样，反对给希腊和土耳其以援助，纵使他们另有自己的理由。
122. Shortly after their arrival at the guesthouse, the American party joined their Chinese hosts for a sumptuous feast.
美国客人到达宾馆不久，便同他们的中国主人一道吃了一顿丰盛的宴席。
123. This program was not popular with all of the troops.
并不是所有军队的人都喜欢这个计划。
124.The noon sun clarified the air. I became aware of two surfers well out from the shore, patiently paddling their boards while they waited for a perfect wave.
正午时无期气清，我瞥见两个冲浪者离岸很远。耐心地踏着滑板，等候一个最理想的浪头。125.They thought differently.
他们的想法不同。
126.The new treaty would be good for ten years.
这个新条约的有效期为十年。
127.The paper said editorially that McMillan has stolen the western leadership during Dulles’ absence.
这家报纸的社论说，麦克米伦在杜勒斯卧病期间窃走了西方领导权。
Translating Attributive Clause
128. Every factory whose chimneys put off dirty and harmful smoke should do something to stop the pollution.
凡是烟囱喷放污浊而有害烟气的工厂都应该采取措施制止污染。
129. The smoke coming out of stacks contains a lot of chemical substances that we can make greater use of.
烟囱里冒出的烟尘含有我们能更好地加以利用的大量化学物质。
130. I guessed that in the past he had acquired a good deal of experience in dealing with Middle East businessmen who had to be cajoled into paying a fancy price for an old master.
我猜他过去和那些中东商人做交易，一定获得了不少经验；那些商人不用花言巧语笼络决不肯花上那样一大笔钱买一幅名画。
131. This was a delight he could not forgo.
他认为这是无尚乐趣，这样的乐趣他不忍割舍。
132. Alice is a star of Hollywood who has undergone a professional training in Paris Ballet Center. 艾丽丝是一位好莱坞明星，曾在巴黎舞蹈舞剧中心受过专业的训练。
133. He has advanced some rational recommendations, which are not necessarily applicable to the local conditions.
他提出了一些合理性建议，但对于当地情况不一定适用。
134. In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in your new invention.
在我们工厂里，许多人对你的新发明十分感兴趣。
135. This is the very laser scalper which he used to operate on a patient suffering from malignant 他就是用这把激光刀为一位患恶性肿瘤的病人动手术的。
136. You must grasp the concept of “work” which is very important in physics.
你必须掌握“功”的概念，因为它在物理学中很重要。
137. An improved design of such a large tower must be achieved which results in more uniformed temperature distribution in it.
必须改进这种大型塔的设计，以使塔内温度分布更均匀。
138. He studies painstakingly and assiduously who has got an excellent academic record.
他刻苦用功读书，因此取得了优异的学习成绩。
Translating Long Sentences
139. His delegation agreed with the Executive Director that the fund should continue working for a better understanding of the interrelationship between economic, social and demographic factors.
他的代表团同意执行主任的意见，认为该基金会应继续努力，以求更好地了解经济、社会和人口这三方面的相互联系。
140. Because of this English background of civil conflict, English-speaking America, where there were no religious war, as such, is often described as a land of refuge to which men and women came in order to enjoy the religious and political freedom denied them in their homeland.
因为英国存在着内战，在这种背景下，美洲这个没有发生过宗教战争，又是讲英语的大陆，常常被描绘成流亡的乐土。人们为了追求（享受）在本国被剥夺的宗教自由和政治自由而纷纷来到这块土地。
141. It is easy to do it.
做这事很容易。
142. It’s a mystery why all our attempts have been unsuccessful.
为什么我们的一切尝试都失败了，这真是一个谜。
143. The United Nations is attempting to settle conflicts around the world that have taken a terrible toll and misused the earth’s resources.
世界上的各种冲突有的已造成可怕的后果，有的滥用了地球的资源。联合国正试图消除这些冲突。
144. His delegation welcomed the fact that UNDP was prepared to respond to emergency needs as they rose, despite the basically long-term operations that characterized those programs.
尽管联合国开发计划署的特点是开展基本上比较长期的业务活动，但是该机构也做了应急准备，对此，他的代表团表示欢迎。
145. I put on my clothes by the light of a half-moon just setting, where rays streamed through the narrow window near my crib.
半轮晓月渐渐西坠，月光透过小床旁边的一个窄窄的窗子像水一般的倾泻进来，我趁着月光穿上衣服。
146. The era of blatant discrimination ended in the 1960s through the courageous actions of thousand of blacks participating in peaceful marches and sit-ins, to force Southern states to implement the Federal desegregation laws in schools and public accommodation.
六十年代，千千万万的黑人参加了和平游行示威和静坐，他们的勇敢行动迫使南方各执行了邦政府关于在学校和公共场所废除种族隔离的法律，从而结束了公然歧视黑人的时代。
147. She found herself minus the leg one week after consulting a doctor about a persistent
swelling she attributed to hard work and play in New York city—it was an inoperable bone tumor. While it saved her life, an ensuing year of chemotherapy reduced the once stunning model to a bald shadow other former self.
她腿上出现了一个持续不消的肿块。原以为是在纽约又工作又游玩累出来的，看了医生之后才知道是个骨瘤，而且不能手术切除。一周后，她便截了那条腿。虽然手术挽救了她的生命，但接踵而来的长达一年的化疗使这位一度美貌艳丽的时装模特儿秀发脱落，枯瘦如柴，失尽昔日风采。（可按事件发生的时间顺序译）
148.The number of the young people in the United States who cannot read is incredible—about one in four.
大约有四分之一的美国青年人没有阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信！
149.As I sat down on that hot and humid evening, there seemed to be no solutions to the problems thrashing around in my brain.
黄昏时分，既闷热又潮湿，我坐下来，满脑于翻腾起伏的问题似乎找不到解决办法。
（汉译时还常把叙事和描写分开）
150.There was a troubled frown on his weather beaten face, which had been disfigured by scars from a high way accident in which Rosealie’s parents had been killed.
他心事重重，双眉紧锁，饱经风霜的脸上疤痕累累，显得很难看。这疤痕是一次车祸留下的，罗莎莉小姐的双亲就死于那次车祸。
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案
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管理信息系统外文翻译-标准化文件发布号：（9456-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII
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porte-aiguille 持针器 porte-caustique 腐蚀药把持器 porte-ligature 深部结扎器，缚线把持器porte-meche 填塞条器 porte-noeud 瘤蒂结扎器 porte-polisher 握柄磨光器 porterage 搬运费 portial impression trays 局部牙托portion 部分，段，份 portligature 深部结扎器，缚线把线器port of arrival 到达港 port of delivery 交货港 port of departure 出发港 port of destination 到达港目的港 port of discharge 卸货港 portogram 门静脉造影片 portoraphy 门静脉造影术portovenogram 门静脉造影片 posion 阴离子，阳向离子 position 位置，状态 positioner 定位器（牙），位置控制器
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餐饮管理系统外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译) 英文： 1、China food industry development prospects analysis The catering industry in China as the tertiary industry is a traditional service industries, experienced reforming and opening starts, quantitative expansion, scale chain development and brand promotion strategy of 4phase, made make a spurt of progress in the development of. At present, the country has4 millions catering outlets. 2005/2006annual Chinese top 100 catering enterprises with total assets of about thirty-two billion yuan, total profit of about six billion yuan, employees about eight hundred thousand people, respectively, over the same period last year increased40.38%,28.84% and33.33% higher than that of the whole society, the catering industry average growth level. China's reform and opening up has gone through ups and downs in the30year, in the30 years of reforming and opening of China's catering industry along with the tide of reform has undergone three leap type development. In the past 30 years, China has experienced from fast food restaurants grabs beach China market to SARS impact, then to food safety ( tonyred event, apple events ), Chinese food and beverage industry in the impact, achieve sales growth.
(完整版)医学专业英语
cardiovascular diseases; 脑垂体的功能the function of pituitary; 泌尿道urinary tract; 分子molecule; 动脉artery; 内分泌学endocrinology; 呼吸困难dyspnea; 唾液saliva; 组织学histology; 血液循环blood circulation; 血液学hematology; 生理学physiology; 解剖学anatomy; 女性生殖系统femal reproductive system; 神经细胞nerve cell; 免疫学immunology; 消化不良dyspepsia; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 胚胎学embryology; 心理学psychology; 细胞学cytology; 原生质protoplasm; 细胞膜cell membrane; 细胞核nucleus; 细胞质(浆)cytoplasm; 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid; 能半渗透的semipermeable; 分子生物学molecular biology; 碳水化合物carbohydrate; 有区别性的differentially; 使…完整intact; 根据according to; 遗传特性hereditary trait; 渗滤diffusion; 转换transaction; 蓝图blueprint; 染色体chromosome; 色素pigment; 排出废液excrete waste fluid; 散开disperse; 脉冲信号impulse; 核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; 损害正常功能impair the normal function; 污染环境pollute environment; 功能失调malfunction; 致病因子causative agents; 易受侵害的人群vulnerable groups; 局部化的感染localized infection; 花柳病venereal disease; 抗原与抗体antigen&antibody; 肌电图electromyogram; 多发性硬化multiple sclerosis; 心电图electrocardiograph; 疾病的后遗症sequelea of disease; 光纤技术fiber optic technology; 造血系统hematopoietic system; 致命的疾病fatal disease; 体液body fluid; 无副作用的治疗hazard-free treatment; 无侵犯的实验检查non-invasive laboratory test; 核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance; 葡萄糖耐糖实验the glucose-tolerance test; 乐观的预后optimistic prognosis; 超声波检测法ultrasonography; 病史medical history; 随访活动follow-up visit; 营养不良nutritional deficiency; 使细节显著highlight detail; 脑电图electroencephalogram; 缺血的组织blood-starved tissue; 肌纤维muscle fiber; 随意肌voluntary muscle; 消化道alimentary canal; 肌腹fleshy belly of muscle; 横纹肌striated muscle; 肌肉痉挛cramps of muscle; 肌肉收缩muscle contraction; 肌肉附着点attachment of the muscle; 肌肉放松relaxation of muscle; 动脉出血arterial hemorrhage; 止端insertion;起端origion;供血blood supply; 屈肌flexor; 蛋白分子protein molecule; 纤维结缔组织fibrous connective tissue; 伸肌extensor; 意志力willpower; 横切面transverse section; 起搏器pacemaker; 肌萎缩muscle atrophy; 重症肌无力myasthenia gravis; 弥散性局部缺血diffuse ischemia; 常染色体隐性autosomal recessive; 全身性感染systemic infection; 受累的肌肉muscle involved; 显著相关性significant correlation; 神经末梢nerve terminal; 自体免疫反应autoimmune reaction; 神经支配innervation; 肌营养不良muscular dystrophy; 慢性营养不良chronic mulnutrition; 先天性肌病congenital myopathy; 预期寿命life expectancy; 免疫紊乱immunologic derangemant; 发病高峰年龄the peak age of onset; 胸腺肿瘤thymoma; 呼吸肌受累the involvement of respiratory muscle; 感染性肌炎inflammatory myositic; 去神经支配denervation; 矿物质吸收mineral absorption; 机械应力mechanical stress; 骨基质有机部分the organic parts of bone matrix; 青春期早熟premature puberty; 蛋白溶解酶protein-digesting enzyme; 破骨细胞osteoclast; 松质骨spongy bone; 骨折fracture; 不规则骨irregular bone; 骨骼系统skeletal system; 维生素吸收vitamin absorption; 骨钙丧失the loss of calcium from bone; 生长激素growth hormone;
图书管理系统外文翻译
毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译设计(论文)题目图书管理系统 院系计算机工程系 专业计算机科学与技术 年级 学生学号1040520007 学生姓名bianhaiwei 外文出处CHINA-USA Business Review
Combining JSP and Servlets The technology of JSP and Servlet is the most important technology which use Java technology to exploit request of server, and it is also the standard which exploit business application .Java developers prefer to use it for a variety of reasons, one of which is already familiar with the Java language for the development of this technology are easy to learn Java to the other is "a preparation, run everywhere" to bring the concept of Web applications, To achieve a "one-prepared everywhere realized." And more importantly, if followed some of the principles of good design, it can be said of separating and content to create high-quality, reusable, easy to maintain and modify the application. For example, if the document in HTML embedded Java code too much (script), will lead the developed application is extremely complex, difficult to read, it is not easy reuse, but also for future maintenance and modification will also cause difficulties. In fact, CSDN the JSP / Servlet forum, can often see some questions, the code is very long, can logic is not very clear, a large number of HTML and Java code mixed together. This is the random development of the defects. Early dynamic pages mainly CGI (Common Gateway Interface, public Gateway Interface) technology, you can use different languages of the CGI programs, such as VB, C / C + + or Delphi, and so on. Though the technology of CGI is developed and powerful, because of difficulties in programming, and low efficiency, modify complex shortcomings,
基于JSP的在线书店销售系统的设计与实现外文文献及翻译
毕业设计(论文) 外文文献翻译 专业 学生姓名 班级 学号 指导教师
外文资料名称：An Overview of Servlet and JSP Technology 外文资料出处：Internet 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文 2.外文原文 指导教师评语： 签名： 年月日 Servlet和JSP技术简述
Nagle and Wiegley XX译 摘要：Servlet程序在服务器端运行，动态地生成Web页面与传统的CGI和许多其他类似CGI的技术相比，Java Servlet具有更高的效率，更容易使用，功能更强大，具有更好的可移植性，更节省投资。 关键字：JSP技术，Servlet，HTTP服务 1.1Servlet的功能 Servlets是运行在Web或应用服务器上的Java程序，它是一个中间层，负责连接来自Web浏览器或其他HTTP客户程序的请求和HTTP服务器上的数据库或应用程序。Servlet的工作是执行西门的任务，如图1.1所示。 图1.1Web中间件的作用 （1）读取客户发送的显式数据。 最终用户一般在页面的HTML表单中输入这些数据。然而，数据还有可能来自applet或定制的HTTP客户程序。 （2）读取由浏览器发送的隐式请求数据。 图1.1中显示了一条从客户端到Web服务器的单箭头，但实际上从客户端传送到Web服务器的数据有两种，它们分别为用户在表单中输入的显式数据，以及后台的HTTP信息。两种数据都很重要。HTTP信息包括cookie、浏览器所能识别的媒体类型和压缩模式等。 （3）生成结果。 这个过程可能需要访问数据库、执行RMI或EJB调用、调用Web服务，或者直接计算得出对应的响应。实际的数据可能存储在关系型数据库中。该数据库可能不理解HTTP，或者不能返回HTML形式的结果，所有Web浏览器不能直接与数据库进行会话。即使它能够做到这一点，为了安全上的考虑，我们也不希望让它这么做。对应大多数其他应用程序，也存在类似的问题。因此，我们需要Web中间层从HTTP流中提取输
医学英语翻译常用专业词汇
这里汇聚了中西医学行业的大部分英语词汇和详细解说，如果要查询相关词汇，你可以点此word 文档工具栏的“编辑”，找到“查找”，然后点开输入你要查询的词汇就可以查询了。 西医篇： 1、医院部门及科室名称 2、医务人员名称 3、诊断和治疗常用词汇 4、常见疾病名称 5、常见手术名称 6、常用药物名称 7、常用护理术语 8、常用临床医学术语 9、医疗器材 10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀 11、主要人体系统名称 12、医院类型名称 13、医学词汇 14、医学常用字首与字根 1.医院部门及科室名称 out-patient department 门诊部 In-patient department 住院部 Nursing department 护理部 Admission office 住院处 Discharge office 出院处 Registration office 挂号处 Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室 Consultation room 诊察室 Isolation room 隔离室 Delivery room 分娩室 Emergency room 急诊室 Ward 病房室 Department of internal medicine 内科 Department of surgery 外科 Department of pediatrics 儿科 Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科 Department of neurology 神经科 Department of ophtalmology 眼科 E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科 Department of stomatology 口腔科 Department of urology 泌尿科 Department of orthopedic 骨科 Department of traumatology 创伤科 Department of endocrinology 内分泌科
外文文献之数据库信息管理系统简介
Introduction to database information management system The database is stored together a collection of the relevant data, the data is structured, non-harmful or unnecessary redundancy, and for a variety of application services, data storage independent of the use of its procedures; insert new data on the database , revised, and the original data can be retrieved by a common and can be controlled manner. When a system in the structure of a number of entirely separate from the database, the system includes a "database collection." Database management system (database management system) is a manipulation and large-scale database management software is being used to set up, use and maintenance of the database, or dbms. Its unified database management and control so as to ensure database security and integrity. Dbms users access data in the database, the database administrator through dbms database maintenance work. It provides a variety of functions, allows multiple applications and users use different methods at the same time or different time to build, modify, and asked whether the database. It allows users to easily manipulate data definition and maintenance of data security and integrity, as well as the multi-user concurrency control and the restoration of the database. Using the database can bring many benefits: such as reducing data redundancy, thus saving the data storage space; to achieve full sharing of data resources, and so on. In addition, the database technology also provides users with a very simple means to enable users to easily use the preparation of the database applications. Especially in recent years introduced micro-computer relational database management system dBASELL, intuitive operation, the use of flexible, convenient programming environment to extensive (generally 16 machine, such as IBM / PC / XT, China Great Wall 0520, and other species can run software), data-processing capacity strong. Database in our country are being more and more widely used, will be a powerful tool of economic management. The database is through the database management system (DBMS-DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) software for data storage, management and use of dBASELL is a database management system software. Information management system is the use of data acquisition and transmission technology, computer network technology, database construction, multimedia