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综合教程4翻译

综合教程4翻译
综合教程4翻译

1、这个村子离边境很近,村民们一直担心会受到敌人的攻击

The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.

2. 这个国家仅用了20年的时间就发展成了一个先进的工业强国

In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.

3.看到项目顺利完成,那些为此投入了大量时间和精力的人们都感到非常自豪This company has evolved into one of the major chemical manufacturing bases in this region.

4.鉴于目前的金融形势,美元进一步贬值是不可避免的

Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.

5. 现在的汽车太多了,这个地区的道路几乎无法应对当前的交通状况

There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.

6.天气没有出现好转的迹象,所以政府号召我们做好防洪的准备

The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.

7.那场车祸以后爱丽丝十几年卧床不起,所以她的康复真是一个奇迹Alice had been confined to bed for over10 years after the traffic

accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.

8. 这些同学对世界杯十分关注,每天至少花两个小时看比赛的现场直播

The students were all very much concerned about the WorldCup,spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.

9. 托马斯说他家半个世纪前就在佛罗里达定居了

Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.

10. 寻找他人的帮助,别自己一个人扛着。我很早就吸取了这个教训

A sk for help. Don’t tough it out yourself. I learned his lesson early in my life.

2

1)他的确懂很多理论,但是,一碰到实际工作就显得非常无知

He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant.

2)最新调查表明,大多数市民支持政府再健一个新图书馆计划

The lates t survey shows that the majority of the citizens supportthe government’s plan to build

a new library.

3)这两个国家之所以能够成功地达成科学技术合作协定是因为有利于他们进行合作的好几种因素一直在发挥作用The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.

4)我在上小学时就看过那部电影,可就是一时想不起它的名字来

I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won’t come to mind for the moment.

5)尽管每天平均工作约12个小时,他仍然陷于重重负债之中

He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.6) 有必要知道他的身高吗?在我看来,这与他成否成为一个好的律师没有关系Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not.

7)橱柜被安装到墙里,既节约空间,又使用方便

The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use.

8) 这些工人挣的钱比我们多,可话又说回来,他们的工作也危险得多

These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is their job is more dangerous.

9)海伦在大学里学的是经济学,与此同时她把哲学作为第二专业来学习

Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.

10) 重要的是你们要自己发现问题和解决问题What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.

3

1) 他试图拯救这家濒临倒闭的企业,但失败了

He attempted to save the enterprise which was on the verge of collapse but failed.

2) 总统已经宣布,在第一个任期结束时不再谋求连任

The president has announced that he will not seek re-election at the end of his first term.

3) 那个年轻教师在激发学生努力学习方面很有技巧

The young teacher is skilled at motivating his students to study hard.

4) 她喜欢举行社交聚会,只要能找到借口,她就随时举办

She loves giving parties and does so whenever she can find an excuse.

5) 要在这家公司找到一个管理职位,你恐怕至少要和50个人竞争

I’m afraid that you’ll have to compete with at least fifty people for an administrative post in this company.

6) 他们把自己的生活搞的一团糟的一个主要原因就是他们年轻时没有接受很好的学校教育

One of the main reasons why they have messed up their lives is that they did not have a good school education when young.

7) 玛丽已经很出名了,但是她根本不幸福,因为她一直被更加出名的念头困扰着。

Mary is already famous, but she is not happy at all because she’s been obsessedwith thoughts of becoming even more famous.

8) 随着科技的发展,人们现在能够轻而易举地获得教育、医疗和其他多种信息With the development of science and technology, people now can have easy access to educational, medical and many other kinds of information.

9) 公司的投资之所以以失败告终是由于总经理的决策错误,于是董事会决定把

他从公司赶出去The company’s investment

ended in failure due to the wrong strategic decisions of the general manager and so the board of directors decided to throw him out.

10) 我知道你累了,不过在坚持一会吧,再过半个小时我们就要到达顶峰了I know you are tired but try to hang on a little bit longer. We will reach the peak in half an hour.

4

1、随着她个人的生活的细节越来越多地被媒体披露出来,她不得不辞去公司总经理职务As

more and more details of her private life were disclosed by the media, she was compelled to resign her post as general manager

2)她对自己的新工作很满意,因为这份工作正好与她的兴趣相符

She is very satisfied with her new job as it coincides with her interests.

3)我买了这件衬衣,因为它的价格从300降到了80元

I bought this shirt because the pricet was reduced from 300 yuan to 80 yuan.

4) 为了把孩子们抚养成人,这位母亲真是经历了各种磨难

To bring her children up, the mother really went through all kinds of hardships.

5) 警方在老太太的死亡案中已经排除了谋杀的可能性

The police have ruled out murder in the case of the old lady’s death.

6) 市政府承若将尽快采取有效措施,解决空气污染的问题

The municipality promised to take effective steps as soon as possible to solve the problems of air pollution.

7)因为腿部受伤,我没有参加上个月学校举行的网球锦标赛

I did not go in for the Campus Tennis Championships held last month because of my injured leg.

8)要是能得到大多数女生支持的话,你赢的选举成为学生会主席的机会是很大的

If you can get the support of the majority of the girls, you stand a good chance of winning the election and becoming Chairman of the Students Union.9) 他写的书并非都像这一本这么成功,所以我建议你从图书馆把它借来读一下

Not all the books he wrote were as successful as this one so I recommend that you borrow it from the library and read it.

10) 在2004年雅典奥运上刘翔打破男子110米栏世界纪录,获得冠军,这个纪录以前是由一个美国运动员保持的

At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games Liu Xiang won the championship of the men’s 110-meter hurdle and broke the world record, which had been previously held by an American athlete.

6

1、这位驻联合国大使被授权代表本国政府,处理与该国相关的所有外交事务。The ambassador to the U.N. was invested with full authority to

deal with all the foreign affairs concerning his country on behalf of his government .

2、在火车上我一直在想期末考试的结果,知道乘务员提醒我目的地已经到了。All the way on the train I had been preoccupied with the result of the term examination until the conductor reminded me of the arrival of my destination .

3、虽然车祸死亡名单中有她丈夫的名字,但她仍不停在屋内走来走去,急切地盼望他早点回到家里。

Although her husband’s name did not appea r on the list of the people who got killed in the traffic accident , she kept walking to and fro , anxious to see him back home sooner .

4、我正准备把合同翻译成英语,突然意识到合同涉及的双方都是中国公司。I was setting out to translate the contract into English when it dawned upon me that both parties involved were Chinese companies .

5、聚会上人们尽情地唱歌跳舞,把生活中的烦恼抛到了九霄云外。

At the party , people sang and danced with abandon , totally forgetting the troubles in their lives .

6、怀着做一名宇航员的强烈愿望,杰克逊全身心地投入到长达两年的艰苦体能训练之中。

With the great aspirations to become an astronaut , Jackson committed himself to the 2-year strenuous constitution training .

7、他的油画取材于亘古永存的神话故事,反映了那个时期欧洲人的鉴赏趣味。His paintings ,drawing on timeless fairy stories ,exemplified the Europeans’ taste of that period .

8、那个公共汽车司机不想承担事故责任,所以千方百计把责任对到乘客身上。The bus driver didn’t want to take any responsibility for the accident and so he took every means to put the blame on the passengers on board .

9、他不仅冒着生命危险把老人从熊熊燃烧的房子里救了出来,还把自家屋子腾出来让他住下。

He not only risked his own life to save the old man from the burning house but made some room in his own house for him to settle down .

10、她从小就努力按照父母的教导去生活,形成了一整套为人处事的行为准则。

From childhood , she tried to live by the teachings of her parents and gradually accumulated a set of standards of conduct .

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里,我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们:“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说,“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣!但是要记住:未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里,你们拥有丰富的资源:有来自全国各地的有趣的学生,有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师,有综合性图书馆,有完备的运动设施,还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油,学着结交充满魅力的人,学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历,并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择,你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程,但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程!大学里有很多事情可做可学,每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样,你不仅会变得更加博学,而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇,她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移,王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来,并将其转化为对设计的热情,从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里,一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里,住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌,令你头痛欲裂!你可能喜欢早起,而你的室友 却是个夜猫子!尽管如此,你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心,不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训,从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以,带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情,勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧! 7 我们相信,你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信,当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时,你们很快就会认识到,大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会,同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过:“教育代代相传,它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者,也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识,并把知识传递给你们,而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识?你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好?你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来? 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会,也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们!

大学英语综合教程4课后翻译

攻势已经持续了三天,但是我们并没有取得多少进展。我们在前线与敌人交战的部队遇到了强力的抵抗。师长(DIVISION COMMANDER)命令我们营(BATTALION)绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。然而,要绕到敌人后方,我们必须越过一片沼泽地(MARSHLAND)。我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒一下险。我们在夜幕掩盖下出发,不顾困难,奋勇向前。幸运的是,夜间温度突然下降到摄氏零下20度,烂泥地都结上了冰。由于这寒冷的天气,我们于天亮前到达并从敌人后方发起进攻。这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备,不久便投降了。 The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered. Unit 2 汽车在二十世纪改变了世界,尤其是在美国和其他工业国家。汽车确实对我们大有用处,但也带来了一些危害,比如声音污染、空气污染以及公路死亡事故。据报导汽车事故被列为全世界导致死伤的主要原因之一。可庆幸的是,现代发明家们正在重新发明汽车。新的推进系统(PROPULSION SYSTEM)、燃料、设计以及制造汽车的手段在过去的十年中得到迅速发展。例如,通过使用卫星辅助的全球定位系统,汽车里的计算机能给汽车精确定位;随着遥感器的应用,智能汽车能排除不少汽车事故。 Automobiles changed the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United States and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of great use to us, but they have brought some hazards as well, such as noise and air pollution, and highway fatalities. It is reported that automobile accidents rank among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world. Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. New propulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of manufacturing cars have all developed rapidly in the past decade. For example, by using the satellite-aided global positioning system (GPS), a computer in the automobile can locate the vehicle's precise position, and with the application of sensors, smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.

新视野大学英语_读写教程4课文翻译

●UNIT 1 ●第一段翻译:(艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。) ●第二段翻译:(对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!” 他们的担心不无道理。 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。 享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。) ●UNIT 2 ●第六段翻译:(这种震惊唤起了他的想象。 卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。 没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。 他将这些物体想象成其他东西。 因此在《当铺老板》中,一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术的“病人”. 在《淘金记》中,靴子被放在锅里煮,靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉,就像上好的鱼片一样(鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除)。 这种对事物的转化,以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧,正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘所在。) ●UNIT 4 ●第一段翻译:(一个将会大大提高发展中国家生活水准的转变正方兴未艾。 一些不久前还是信息闭塞的地方正在迅速获得最新的通信技术,这将促进他们吸纳国内外投资。 亚洲、拉丁美洲和东欧的许多国家也许需要10年时间来改善其交通、电力供应和其他公用设施。 但是只一根直径小于半毫米的光纤电缆就可以比由铜丝制成的粗电缆承载更多的信息。

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课文翻译 艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。 成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。 追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。 尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。 他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。 尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。 若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。 公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。 有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。 公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。 同样,像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家,希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。 他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。 它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你或是可能的你。 艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹。

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Unit1 1, There has been this long lull with nothing particular turning up! you are beginning to be anxious because there has been no progress of the war in such a long quiet period… 2,we must "...meet with Triumph and Disaster. And treat those two impostors just the same." We are sure to experience both Triumph and Disaster and we must treat them as the same thing taking different appearances because they are essentially interchangeable. 3,never give in, except to convictions of honor and good sense Never give in unless we are convinced that it is honorable and sensible for us to do so. 4,Britain, other nations thought, had drawn a sponge across her slate. Britain, in other nations’ eyes, was completely wiped out/conquered. 5,we have only to persevere to conquer. … we have no choice but to hold on until victory comes. Unit2 1, The phrase "personal space" has a quaint, seventies ring to it The phrase “personal space” sounds old-fashioned and reminds one of the seventies…2, T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring (or much, much less). … I have suspected that maybe the cause (of the space invasion) is the season: summer may either make people want to be closer to each other or more likely, to keep a distance between each other. 3, The logistics of it vary according to geography people in different regions are given different size of personal space. 4, individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes. …individuals, as usual, occupy the booths and seats which are desi gned for four people. 5,In the same way that the breeze from a butterfly's wings in Japan may eventually produce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personal space. Because the initial invasion of personal space can cause a chain of reactions, which may bring about a catastrophic consequence, as the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan, if it initiates a chain of waves, may eventually produce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to enlarge the shrinking personal space. Unit3 1,Given the relatively few restrictions governing access and usage, it is the communications modal equivalent of international waters As there are relatively few restrictions for reaching and using the Internet, communications via the Internet are comparable to traveling through the international waterways. 2,But much less widely reported has been the notion that the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by alienating its individual users A lot of people talk about the “new information age”, but not so many people are acquainted with the idea that the Internet separates people form each other and fragments society further as a result

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WHAT IS STRESS The term stress has been defined in several different ways. sometimes the term is applied to stimuli or events in our environment that make physical and emotional demands on us, and sometimes it is applied to our emotional and physical reactions to such stimuli. in this discussion, we will refer to the environmental stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress. 压力这个词已经有几种不同的定义。有时候这个术语适用于我们环境中的刺激或事件,这些刺激或事件会对我们产生身体和情感方面的要求,有时也适用于我们对这种刺激的情绪和身体反应。在这个讨论中,我们将环境刺激或事件称为压力,并将情绪和身体上的反应称为压力。 Many sorts of events be stressors, including disasters, such as hurricanes or tornadoes; major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a job; and daily hassles, such as having to wait in line at the supermarket when you need to be somewhere else in 10 minutes. What all this events have in common is that they interfere with or threat our accustomed way of life. when we encounter such stressors, we must pull together our mental and physical resources in order to deal with the challenge. How well we succeed in doing so will determine how serious a toll the stress will take on our mental and physical well-being. 许多事件都是压力源,包括灾难,如飓风或龙卷风; 重大生活事件,如离婚或失业; 每天都有麻烦,比如当你要在10分钟内到别的地方去却不得不在超市排队等。所有这些事件都有共同之处,就是它们干涉或威胁我们习惯的生活方式。当我们遇到这样的压力时,我们必须整合我们的精神和物质资源来应对挑战。我们如何成功地做到这一点将决定压力对我们身心健康将产生多大的影响。 Reacting to stressors The Canadian physiologist Hans Seyle has been the most influential writer on stress. Seyle proposed that both humans and other animals react to any stressor in three stages, collectively known as the general adaptation syndrome. the first stage, when the person or animal becomes aware of the stressor is the alarm reaction. In this stage the organism becomes highly alert and aroused, energized by a burst of epinephrine. After the alarm reaction comes the stage of resistance , as the organism tries to adapt to the stressful stimulus or to escape from it. If these efforts are successful, the state of the organism returns to normal. If the organism cannot adapt to the continuing stress, however, it enters a stage of exhaustion or collapse. 加拿大生理学家Hans Seyle在压力方面一直是最有影响力的作家。塞尔提出,人类和其他动物在三个阶段对任何压力源作出反应,统称为一般适应综合症。第一阶段,当人或动物意识到应激源时,就是警报反应。在这个阶段,机体变得高度警觉和激起,并被一阵肾上腺素所激发。当警报反应进入抵抗阶段后,机体试图适应压力刺激或逃避压力。如果这些努力成功,机体的状态就会恢复正常。然而,如果生物体不能适应持续的压力,它就进入衰竭或崩溃的阶段。 Seyle developed his model of the general adaptation syndrome as a result of research with rats and other animals. In rats, certain stressors, such as painful tail-pulling consistently led to the same sorts of stress reactions in humans, however, it is harder to predict what will be stressful to a particular person at a particular time. subjective person's the on depends stressful be will stimulus particular a Whether

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Unit 1 If you ask me, taking a second major isn’t good for every undergraduate. In my freshman year as an English major, I took economics as my minor. By all odds, I was the most hard-working student in my class. But try as I might to meet the requirements of the two different subjects, I still couldn’t do well enough to pass all the exams. Given that the study of economics required a good command of mathematics, I had to spend so much time on math that I neglected my English. Failing English Literature and Macroeconomics in the second term sounded the alarm for me. This was the first time I did not pass a course in my life, which had greatly sapped my confidence. Although I was not a man who would easily bow to fate, as the summer bread came to a close, I decided to give up economics for fear that I would fail both subjects. Now that I had only one subject to attend to, everything seemed to be on the right track again. Unit 2 It was not until after he had graduated from university and started to work that Zhang Lei became aware of the pleasure of reading. reflecting on his undergraduate studies, he lamented that he, unlike some of his classmates who had immersed themselves in various interesting books they were able to lay hands on from the library or bookshops, had only read textbooks, none of which was really worthwhile, or could be read in one sitting. He was deprived of the privilege of gaining access to the writers’ fantastic worlds through the windows their books have opened, so to speak. Now he has become an avid and omnivorous reader. It is as if he wants to read all those marvelous books he hadn’t had a chance to read in his university days. By now, in his spare time, he had read several hundreds of books, including novels, biographies and travel notes. He realizes that books can not only reveal to him the vista of a hopeful future and help him withstand stresses and strains, they can also help him clear up some misconceptions and discover the true meaning of life. Unit 3 What you wear seems to dictate your behavior. Take primary school and high school students for example. One of the hard and fast rules they have to observe is that they must wear uniforms at school. There is no doubt that school uniforms would not have achieved their currency without a symbolic correlation between the uniformity of clothes and the students’ conformity to some common code of conduct. However, after years of school life, there is always a backlash secretly nursed in the students’ mind against the ubiquitous uniform which suppresses the expression of individuality. To compensate for this loss, students usually wear more casual and popular clothes on weekends. It is not until they start university, however, that they can really enjoy the freedom of dress, an anarchy associated with the cultivation of creativity and the encouragement of free expression of ideas and talents. But this situation won’t obtain for long. After a relatively short time of liberty, they may experience again the revived pressure of dress code as soon as they become professions. Unit 4 When it comes to the effects of the current economic downturn, the decrease of student activities is a good case in point. To enliven campus life, the university is always willing to carve out some money for activities organized by student clubs and societies, but such sponsorships have been pared down this year because of huge budget cut. Apparently, student organizations need to weather their own financial crisis if they want to recover from their current state of inactiveness. Some suggest enrolling more club members, on the ground that the consequent increase of membership fees may help them get out of the difficulty.

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