高三外文阅读材料一

补习班外文阅读材料

一

Lessons from a Mother's Love

About eight years ago, I was a new teacher in the local women's minimum security jail, where most of the inmates are incarcerated for drug offenses.

During one of my classes, a woman was crying and in a lot of pain. Her 17-year-old daughter had been recently assaulted. She wanted to see her, but had no way to get to the hospital 30 miles away which cares for children with no health insurance. Having a daughter the same age, I asked the superintendent if it would be possible for me to drive the woman to the hospital. I was granted permission to escort her for three hours on the following Saturday.

I found some nice clothes for the mother to wear and I borrowed my friend's blue convertible. On the 30 minute drive to the hospital, we rode with the top down and sang to the songs from the disks I brought. We were both in good spirits when we arrived at the hospital.

Her daughter was in worse shape than either of us could imagine. Her body was contorted and she did not recognize her mother who was visibly shaken to see her lovely daughter so frail and deathly. I encouraged her to massage her daughter's hands, stroke her face and talk to her softly. I asked if there were any lullabies she sang to her daughter as a child. She said no, so I sang some of the songs I used to sing my daughter to sleep.

We stood outside of the hospital after spending about an hour and a half with her daughter. The mother was in a deep state of depression and hopelessness, as well as guilt in not being there to care for her daughter. She wept, and I held her silently in my arms.

A few weeks later, I learned that her beautiful daughter had passed away. That Saturday was the last time her mother would see her, speak to her, stroke her.

While it may seem as though I did a good deed, it was I who was given a tremendous gift. Life can be fleeting and fragile, and we really never know how it will unfold. That afternoon, I was reminded to never take those I love for granted.

二

Traveling Kindness Notes

A couple months back, a few friends had driven me to the airport. Little did I know that on the whole ride there, two of them were writing quotes and uplifting messages on post-it notes in the backseat. :)

When I arrived at my destination and opened my luggage, I found post-it notes of inspiration tucked all over my clothes and belongings! :) And-- they had scattered them inside my backpack as well! So for the next month, I would randomly pull out a smile-inducing sticky note when looking to grab a pen or some chapstick.

I ended up sticking all these notes on the wall next to my bed, as a daily reminder of the tremendous joy that can spring forth from such a small gesture of love.

Today, two months later, I wanted to spread some kindness around my neighborhood in honor of an elder's birthday. He's someone who has given so much to many people-- family, friends, and strangers-- and I thought that there's no gift I could give that'd be better than a small act of kindness.

While trying to decide what kindness mischief to perform, I noticed the collage of inspiring sticky notes on my wall. It was perfect! I grabbed a stack of them and walked around my neighborhood, posting them on a mailbox, car windshield, random signs and bulletin boards, and a wooden post on a bike path trail.

It made me smile to think of the thoughtfully kind and giddy hearts that had scrawled out these notes eight weeks ago, and to see how these little messages are now traveling around my neighborhood spreading joy to at least one neighbor! :)

三

Saving The Planet, One Drop At a Time "Aabid Surti is an odd character. A few years ago, the angular, bearded author was invited to meet the President of India to receive a national award for literature at a ceremony in the capital, New Delhi. He politely declined. Absorbed in writing the first draft of his new novel, he cited the reason that he did not have time. But what he has made time for every Sunday for seven years now,

is going door-to-door in Mira Road, a non-descript suburb of Mumbai, with a plumber in tow, asking residents if they need their tap fixed for free!

As a distinguished Indian painter and author, Aabid has written around 80 books but no story so moved him as the truth about water scarcity on the planet. “I read an interview of the form er UN chief Boutros Boutros Ghali,” he recalls, “who said that by 2025 more than 40 countries are expected to experience water crisis. I remembered my childhood in a ghetto fighting for each bucket of water. I knew that shortage of water is the end of civi lized life.”

Around the same time, in 2007, he was sitting in a friend?s house and noticed a leaky tap. It bothered him. When he pointed it out, his friend, like others, dismissed it casually: it was too expensive and inconvenient to call a plumber for such a minor job – even plumbers resisted coming to only replace old gaskets.

A few days later, he came across a statistic in the newspaper: a tap that drips once every second wastes a thousand litres of water in a month. That triggered an idea. He would take a plumber from door to door and fix taps for free – one apartment complex every weekend.

As a creative artist, he had earned more goodwill than money and the first challenge was funding. “But,” he says, “if you have a noble thought, nature takes care of it.” Within a few days, he got a message that he was unexpectedly being awarded Rs.1,00,000 ($2,000) by the Hindi Sahitya Sansthan (UP) for his contribution to Hindi literature. And one Sunday morning in 2007, the International Year of Water, he set out with a plumber to fix the problem for his neighbors.

He began by simply replacing old O-ring rubber gaskets with new ones, buying new fixtures from the wholesale market. He named his one-man NGO …Drop Dead? and created a tagline: save every drop… or drop dead.

Every Sunday, the Drop Dead team – which consisted of Aabid himself, Riyaaz the plumber and a female volunteer Tejal –picked the apartment blocks, got permission from the housing societies, and got to work. A day before, Tejal would hand out pamphlets explaining their mission and paste posters in elevators and apartment lobbies spreading awareness on the looming water crisis. And by Sunday afternoon, they would ensure the buildings were drip-dry.

By the end of the first year, they had visited 1533 homes and fixed around 400 taps. Slowly, the news began to spread.

In March 2008, director Shekhar Kapur, who was working on his own water conservation film,

heard about Aabid?s efforts and wrote on his website:…Aabid Surti, thank you so much for who you are. I wish there were more people like you in this world. Keep in touch with us and keep inspiring us. Shekhar.?

Local newspapers began to write about Drop Dead, which prompted a further flood of grateful emails and spontaneous messages. One of the most heartfelt messages was from superstar actor-producer Shah Rukh Khan, a longtime fan of Aabid?s work as a comic book creator. After reading the newspaper report titled …City of Angels?, he wrote to Aabid: “…It sounds like one of the little big things my dad would have done.Strange that I have enjoyed [your comic] Bahadur in my childhood and enjoyed reading your tap story so many years down the line… when I am father myself. God bless you and yes, I believe in angels after reading the newspaper.”

In 2010, Aabid Surti was nominated for the CNN-IBN CJ …Be The Change? Award. In the same year, a television crew from Berlin flew down to follow him on his Sunday rounds which continued come monsoon or shine.

It?s hard to say how much water he has saved with his mission, give n that the faucets he fixed could have continued leaking for months, and maybe years, had he not rung the doorbell one Sunday morning. But conservatively, it could be estimated that he has single-handedly saved at least 5.5m litres of water till date.

In the summer of 2013, the state where Aabid lives is expecting its worst drought in 40 years. Months in advance, the Chief Minister Prithviraj Chauhan has warned citizens to begin conserving water. While ministers lobby for drought-relief packages worth millions of dollars, Aabid sees his own approach as simple and inexpensive.

As he rings another door-bell on yet another Sunday in Mira Road, seven years into his one-man mission, he says: “Anyone can launch a water conservation project in his or her area. That?s the beauty of this concept. It doesn?t require much funding or even an office. And most importantly, it puts the power back in our own hands.”

I would call him a modern-day angel; I am lucky I get to call him dad."

四

One Cup Can Change the World

I t?s surprising how easily and often humanity inspires you when you?re working in a coffee shop. I?ve heard people complain how working with customers makes them bitter at the world. But in my few months at Starbucks, I saw random acts of kindness preformed almost daily. And one act was so large and unexpected, I?ll simply never forget it.

If you?re a regular reader, you know how obsessed I am with random acts of kindness. However, please don?t mistake me for a good person just because of my strange set of hobbies. I enjoy surprising drive-thru workers with candy, dressing like a superhero, leaving flowers on people?s doorways, and scattering smiley-faces all over Raleigh in much the same way I enjoy collecting comics and video games.

It gives me an odd thrill. Tingles. The sweet terror of getting caught. Like ringing a doorbell and running. So it?s not really altruistic. I totally do it because it?s fun.

So when I started working at my local Starbucks, I was really hoping to experience one of those amazing “100 Cars Pay It Forward in the Starbucks Drive-t hru” or have someone buy one of those “Suspended Coffees” I?ve read about in the news. Something about coffee just seems to bring out the do-gooder in people.

And as idealistic as I am, I was still shocked when after only a few days in the drive-thru, a woman bought her French V anilla Latte and then offered to pay for the car behind her. I got those familiar tingles of giddiness as I squeed, “Really?? That?s awesome!! Thank you! Have an amazing day!”

Really, I wished I could have somehow imprinted upon her how much of a rock-star she really was.

I got to deliver the good news to six more people, as the chain continued, completely brightening an otherwise mundane day. The sixth person, rather than paying for the person behind him, simply gave me an extra large tip.

In the weeks that followed, I had several more experiences like that. People paid for the car behind them. People brought our staff Halloween treats. People proved over and over that Kindness

is alive and well in our city.

Just as the act of customers simply paying for the car behind them started to become ho-hum, three gentleman entered the Starbucks. I was in drive-thru like usual, and my shift supervisor rushed over, excited eyes and wide smile. “Heather!” she whispered, “These three guys just came in and they want to pay for the next six cars that come through!”

She handed me six slips of paper. You’ve been hit by a Random Act of Kindness! Please enjoy your day! was scrawled across them in personalized handwriting.

Beaming, I regaled each customer that drove up with the heroic tale of these three gentleman, and I passed out the slip of paper. I was alight with inspiration. All the workers were glowing.

The customers were astonished. This kindness was impacting everyone. When the sixth car finally approached, I took the order over the headset and started to worry. The woman didn?t just order a drink. She ordered five drinks, a few sandwiches, and an order total of over $25. I turned to the men inside, afraid to test the limits of their generosity.

“Um,” I said nervously, “This is kind of a big order. Do you still want to take this one?”“Absolutely!” they chimed.

When the woman got to the window, I was simply dancing with the thrill of getting to share the news with her. “Guess what?” I said, “Your order is all paid for! There are three men in here, and they?ve been paying for the cars that come up the drive-thru.”

The woman?s eyes grew teary. “Are you kidding?” she asked. “Who does that? I?ve never heard of that before.”

“People pay for the car behind them here a lot, but I?ve never seen this big of a random act of kindness,” I said.

She seemed in disbelief, like she?s never even considered that total strangers sometimes just do nice things fo r no reason at all. And she told me, “Oh my god, this is incredible. I am going to my sister?s rehearsal dinner. That?s why I have so much coffee here. She?s getting married tomorrow. She?s going to flip over this! It?s like a wedding gift from a stranger!”

She paused a moment, reflecting, then added softly, “What a great way to start their lives together.”

When she pulled away, I ran up front to talk to the three guys, who were about to leave. I told them the woman?s story, so they?d know the impact they m ade. I asked them what had made them

want to do this today.

“I dunno,” one said. “We just wanted to do it. We had a little extra money and it seemed fun.”

They left us an extra large tip. Their story never got a sappy YouTube video or coverage on a major n ews network like all the other Starbucks stories you see. But now I?ve told their story here. Their kindness literally changed the way that woman looked at the world. Maybe my acts of kindness do that sometimes, too, I hope.

五

"I feel good doing this!"

"But I feel good doing this!"

The little boy′s answer rang in my ears as I walked into the mall. He stood right outside the entrance, in the bitter spring wind, collecting donations for cancer research. Nose red, hat deep over his ears, he warmed one hand in his pocket and held a list with his other hand. I noticed he had no gloves.

I checked my purse, but had no coins. It is a principle of mine to always give money to cancer research - I have lost dear friends and family members to the disease, and want to do my little part to help find a cure.

"I′ll bring you some money when I come back," I promised the young boy. "Thank you!" he smiled and sneezed into a big tissue. A very worn tissue, I might add.

I looked at him. If you have ever seen little children who refuse to come out of cold water, you know the color of his lips. He was frozen. "What are you doing out here?" I asked him. "You′ll get yourself a flu! Come inside the mall."

"I′m sorry, but I can′t"

"But of course you can!"

"No," he stated. "You see, the guard there said no one is allowed to gather money for charities in the mall without written permission from the manager. He said if I wanted, I could stay out here, but I could not come inside. It is forbidden to beg there.

I could not believe my ears. I looked inside, but could not see a guard. If I had I sure would have gone to him to let him know what I thought of such rules.

"But I feel good doing this here too, it′s OK. It really is!" the boy wanted to convince me.

I sighed."Ok, just be here and I′ll give you some money when I get back." I did my shopping and thought about buying a cup of hot chocolate to the little boy, but I could not. Hadn′t I always warned children not to take anything from strangers? And besides, what if he had diabetes or something?

But now I had coins at least to give to him. Out of impulse I turned back before leaving the mall, and went into a clothing store. I bought a pair of mittens. Blue ones.

The cashier looked at me questioningly when I mumbled the boys word′s to myself: But I feel good doing this...

As I stepped outside, he stood right where he had been.

"Ok, now give me your list," I said to the boy and he handed it over with a pen. I looked at the empty lines. A few signatures were there and I could see others had given a few coins too. Nothing much, but at least he had collected some money.

"Do you need to get all these lines filled?"

"Yes," he started, "Or no. I don′t have to, but I want to."

"In this cold weather? Why would you want that?"

"Because my best friend, Pete, has leukaemia. I want to help him," he said solemnly. I felt like choking. To gain my balance again I took the blue mittens from my bag. "Here, I got these for you,"

I said and pushed the mittens into his hands. "Please take them. I noticed you had forgotten yours at home."

"Thank you! That's very kind of you!" he said, and he actually bowed. "Now I can stand here a lot longer than I thought!"

"Well, what do you get for yourself?" I asked. "Will the organization give you something to thank you for doing this?" "Oh yes!" the boy said and his eyes lit up with joy, "They sure do!" "What do you get then?" I asked, hoping to hear he got some nice toy or perhaps a certificate. He was smiling broadly now. "I get a new, empty list!" he beamed.

六

France implants its first artificial heart An artificial heart that can give patients up to five years of extra life has been successfully implanted for the first time.

The heart, powered by watch-style batteries that can be worn externally, was put into a patient at Paris's Georges Pompidou Hospital.

It uses a range of "biomaterials", including bovine（牛的）tissue, to reduce the likelihood of the body rejecting it.

Unlike previous artificial hearts, created mainly for temporary use, the design by the French Carmat biomedical firm is intended to replace a real heart for as many as five years.

French medics said the unnamed male patient who received the device was awake and responding well after an operation on Wednesday. Marcello Conviti, the chief executive of Carmat, said: "We are delighted with this first implant, although it is premature to draw conclusions given that a single implant has been performed and that we are in the early post-operative phase."

The artificial heart, developed with the help of engineers from the Dutch-based European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS), weighs 2lbs -- almost three times as much as an average healthy human heart. It mimics heart muscle contractions and contains sensors that adapt the blood flow to the patient's moves.

Inside the heart, surfaces that come into contact with human blood are made partly from bovine tissue instead of synthetic materials such as plastic, which can cause blood clots.

The new device could help thousands of people who die each year while waiting for a donor, including many in Britain. Nearly 100,000 people in Europe and the United States are in need of a heart transplant, according to Carmat. The company claims its device should enable hospital patients to return home and possibly even resume work.

Alain Carpentier, the surgeon who performed the implant, said: "It's about giving patients a normal social life with the least dependence on medication as possible.

"We've already seen devices of this type but they had a relatively low autonomy. This heart will allow for more movement and less clotting. The study that is starting is being very closely watched in the medical field." Heart failure affects more men than women, and the size of the

artificial heart means it can fit in 86 per cent of men's bodies but only about 20 per cent of women. However, Carmat says it can manufacture a smaller version to fit the more petite bodies of women as well as patients in India and China.

The artificial heart will raise France's reputation as a country at the forefront of medical innovation.

七

Childhood depression may increase risk of heart disease by teen years

Children with depression are more likely to be obese, smoke and be inactive, and can show the effects of heart disease as early as their teen years, according to a newly published study by University of South Florida Associate Professor of Psychology Jonathan Rottenberg.

The research, by Rottenberg and his colleagues at Washington University and the University of Pittsburgh, suggests that depression may increase the risk of heart problems later in life. The researchers also observed higher rates of heart disease in the parents of adolescents that had been depressed as children. The research is published online in Psychosomatic Medicineand will be included in the medical journal's February 2014 issue.

"Given that the parents in this sample were relatively young, we were quite surprised to find that the parents of the affected adolescents were reporting a history of heart attacks and other serious events," Rottenberg explained.

Cardiologists and mental health professionals have long known a link exists between depression and heart disease. Depressed adults are more likely to suffer a heart attack, and if they do have a heart attack, it's more likely to be fatal.

However it was unclear when the association between clinical depression and cardiac risk develops, or how early in life the association can be detected. These findings suggest improved prevention and treatment of childhood depression could reduce adult cardiovascular disease.

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for men and women- accounting for one in every four deaths in the United States every year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

During the study, Rottenberg and his colleagues followed up on Hungarian children who had participated in a 2004 study of the genetics of depression. The researchers compared heart disease risk factors -- such as smoking, obesity, physical activity level, and parental history -- across three categories of adolescents.

The investigators surveyed more than 200 children with a history of clinical depression, as well as about 200 of their siblings who have never suffered from depression. They also gathered information from more than 150 unrelated children of the same age and gender with no history of depression.

Rottenberg plans to conduct additional research in order to understand why depression early in life may put people at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Further studies planned with the Hungarian group will also examine whether any early warning signs of heart disease are present as these adolescents move into young adulthood.

八

What makes us human?: Unique brain area linked to higher cognitive powers

Oxford University researchers have identified an area of the human brain that appears unlike anything in the brains of some of our closest relatives.

The brain area pinpointed is known to be intimately involved in some of the most advanced planning and decision-making processes that we think of as being especially human.

'We tend to think that being able to plan into the future, be flexible in our approach and learn from others are things that are particularly impressive about humans. We've identified an area of the brain that appears to be uniquely human and is likely to have something to do with these cognitive powers,' says senior researcher Professor Matthew Rushworth of Oxford University's Department of Experimental Psychology.

MRI imaging of 25 adult volunteers was used to identify key components in the ventrolateral frontal cortex area of the human brain, and how these components were connected up with other brain areas. The results were then compared to equivalent MRI data from 25 macaque monkeys.

This ventrolateral frontal cortex area of the brain is involved in many of the highest aspects of cognition and language, and is only present in humans and other primates. Some parts are implicated in psychiatric conditions like ADHD, drug addiction or compulsive behaviour disorders. Language is affected when other parts are damaged after stroke or neurodegenerative disease. A better understanding of the neural connections and networks involved should help the understanding of changes in the brain that go along with these conditions.

The Oxford University researchers report their findings in the science journal Neuron.

Professor Rushworth explains: 'The brain is a mosaic of interlinked areas. We wanted to look at this very important region of the frontal part of the brain and see how many tiles there are and where they are placed.

'We also looked at the connections of each tile -- how they are wired up to the rest of the brain -- as it is these connections that determine the information that can reach that component part and the influence that part can have on other brain regions.'

From the MRI data, the researchers were able to divide the human ventrolateral frontal cortex into 12 areas that were consistent across all the individuals.

'Each of these 12 areas has its own pattern of connections with the rest of the brain, a sort of "neural fingerprint," telling us it is doing something unique,' says Professor Rushworth.

The researchers were then able to compare the 12 areas in the human brain region with the organisation of the monkey prefrontal cortex.

Overall, they were very similar with 11 of the 12 areas being found in both species and being connected up to other brain areas in very similar ways.

However, one area of the human ventrolateral frontal cortex had no equivalent in the macaque -- an area called the lateral frontal pole prefrontal cortex.

'We have established an area in human frontal cortex which does not seem to have an equivalent in the monkey at all,' says first author Franz-Xaver Neubert of Oxford University. 'This area has been identified with strategic planning and decision making as well as "multi-tasking." ' The Oxford research group also found that the auditory parts of the brain were very well connected with the human prefrontal cortex, but much less so in the macaque. The researchers suggest this may be critical for our ability to understand and generate speech.

The researchers were funded by the UK Medical Research Council

九

40 percent of parents learn how to use technology from their children

Just how are adults learning to use technology? Chances are if you are a parent, your child is teaching you. A recent paper published in the Journal of Communication found that between 30%-40% of parents were taught how to use the computer and Internet from their children.

Teresa Correa, University Diego Portales (in Santiago, Chile), conducted in-depth interviews with 14 parent/child sets and surveyed 242 parent/child sets. She found that youth influence their parents in all technologies studied (computer, mobile Internet, social networking) up to 40% of the time. The children's scores were higher compared to parents, showing that parents don't necessarily recognize the influence. Parent's also learned how to use technologies by self-experimentation.

This bottom-up influence process was more likely to occur with mothers and lower socioeconomic families. Similar to what happens among low-income immigrant families, where the children act as language and culture links between the family and the new environment. Digital media represents a new environment for lower socioeconomic families, and the children from poorer families were more likely to receive input about technology from school and friends. This spills over and, in turn, the children teach their parents.

Past studies have connected younger family members' influence of older family members with the computer and Internet. Those used qualitative methods and have not explored the extent to which this process occurs and what factors play a role, like Correa's study.

"The fact that this bottom-up technology transmission occurs more frequently among women and lower-SES families has important implications," said Correa. "Women and poor people usually lag behind in the adoption and usage of technology. Many times, they do not have the means to acquire new technologies but, most importantly, they are less likely to have the knowledge, skills, perceived competence, and positive attitudes toward digital media. These results suggest that schools in lower-income areas should be especially considered in government or foundation-led intervention programs that promote usage of digital media."

十

Australian Open: Li Na feels 'better prepared' to handle success

Li Na says she feels better prepared to handle being a Grand Slam champion the second time around after adding the Australian Open to her French crown.

It is her second major title following victory at the French Open in 2011.

"The first time, I really didn't prepare for that," said Li. "I think now it's different because I prepared to win the Grand Slam."

She gives much of the credit for a more focused attitude to coach Carlos Rodriguez, with whom she began working in 2012.

"Carlos, he has a lot of experience because before he was coaching for Justine Henin," said Li. "We will talk about what we should do, of course.

"This time I was thinking about if I win or if I lose, what kind of life I have, so for sure it's different than last time."

Li will move up to three in the world rankings next week and, with two of the four major titles in tennis to her name, is halfway to a career Slam.

"That would be the best," she said. "Of course it's very easy to say I want to win another one.

"But I think if you are a tennis athlete, you have to know how much working has to be done to win the Grand Slam.

"So of course if I want to win another one or two, I have to go back to court working hard and even more tough than before, otherwise no chance."

Li has famously teased her husband, Jiang Shan, in on-court interviews over the years at Melbourne Park, and he did not escape this time as she thanked him by saying: "You are a nice guy, and also so lucky."

Asked later if her husband might suggest it was time to end the public embarrassment, Li added: "If he said, 'enough,' I think we will divorce.

"Yes, he used to do that. Actually, I didn't feel I was very funny when I was speaking. I was feeling this is normal, it's the way I have to thank the team.

"But after I finished they said, 'Oh, we love your speech.' I say, 'OK, maybe I make the funny.'"

Cibulkova, 24, had made her own piece of history just by reaching the final, as the first player representing Slovakia to do so at a Grand Slam.

"I'm really looking forward to going back home," she said. "In Slovakia, it's a huge thing, it's really big. I am happy I represented my country so well."

And the 20th seed, whose previous best was a semi-final at the 2009 French Open, says she thinks she has what it takes to win one of the sport's major prizes.

"I feel that way," said Cibulkova. "I'm 24 years old and already play in Grand Slam finals. I feel like my game is there to challenge the biggest names, to beat them, so why not?

"Now I know I'm 100% sure I can do it. I get so much confidence from this tournament. I don't want to see it as a pressure.

"I want to keep going like that. I already did well before at Roland Garros and Wimbledon, so I can play on every surface."

十一

World Bank: Global economy at turning point The global economy is at a "turning point", the World Bank has said, as it forecasts stronger growth for 2014.

In its annual report on the world economy, the bank said richer countries appeared to be "finally turning a corner" after the financial crisis.

That is expected to support stronger growth in developing economies.

But it warned growth prospects "remained vulnerable" to the impact of the withdrawal of economic stimulus measures in the US.

The US Federal Reserve has already begun to wind down its monthly bond-buying programme, previously set at $85bn (￡52bn) a month.

'Crisis risks'

There is concern this could push up global interest rates, which could affect the flow of money in and out of developing countries and lead to more volatile international financial markets.

The World Bank warned that some developing countries "could face crisis risks" if the unwinding of stimulus measures was accompanied by market volatility.

"Growth appears to be strengthening in both high-income and developing countries, but downside risks continue to threaten the global economic recovery," said World Bank group president Jim Yong Kim.

"The performance of advanced economies is gaining momentum, and this should support stronger growth in developing countries in the months ahead. Still, to accelerate poverty reduction, developing nations will need to adopt structural reforms that promote job creation, strengthen financial systems, and shore up social safety nets."

The bank forecasts that global GDP will grow by 3.2% this year, up from 2.4% in 2013, with much of the pick-up coming from developed economies.

Developing nations will grow by 5.3% this year, up from 4.8% in 2013.

In an interview with BBC economics correspondent Andrew Walker, World Bank economist Andrew Burns acknowledged that Brazil, Turkey, India and Indonesia were among the countries that could be vulnerable to the impact of US stimulus withdrawal.

However he also noted that the first concrete steps taken by the Federal Reserve to cut back its programme of buying financial assets last month did not severely disturb the markets.

十二

Migrants to be quizzed on English skills before benefits

Migrants to the UK are to be quizzed about their English skills before being able to claim income-related benefits, the government has announced.

In a move to "protect the integrity of the benefits system", people will also be asked what efforts they have made to find work before coming to Britain.

查看译文

英国政府发表声明：英国的移民在获得与收入相关的津贴之前需要通过英语能力测试。

人们需要回答他们到达英国之前是怎么找工作的，此举是为了“保护福利系统的合理性”。

就业和退休金部大臣伊恩?邓肯?史

Work and Pensions Secretary Iain Duncan Smith said people should not be able to "take advantage" of British benefits.

Job centres in England, Scotland and Wales will use the "more robust" test.

The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) said the test would ensure "only migrants who have a legal right to be in Britain and plan to contribute to this country can make a claim for benefits".

"For the first time, migrants will be quizzed about what efforts they have made to find work before coming to the UK and whether their English language skills will be a barrier to them finding employment," the DWP said in a statement.

Income-related benefits include council tax benefit, housing benefit, income-based jobseeker's allowance and pension credit.

Mr Duncan Smith said British people were "rightly concerned" that migrants should contribute to the economy and should not be "drawn here by the attractiveness of our benefits system".

"It is vitally important that we have strict rules in place to protect the integrity of our benefits system," he said.

He said the new test would help create a fair system which provided for "genuine" workers and jobseekers but "does not allow people to come to our country and take advantage".

To claim the benefits, migrants will have to 密斯表示，移民者不能在英国津贴上“占便宜”。

英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士的职业介绍中心会进行更加严格的测试。

就业与退休金部门声称，这个测试只会让那些有合法权利居住在英国并能够给应该带来贡献的移民得到补助。

就业与退休金部门声明，移民首先会被询问在来到英国之前付出了什么努力，以及他们的英语能力是否会阻碍就业。

与收入相关的津贴包括家庭税收津贴，住房津贴，基于收入的求职者津贴和养老保险信用。

邓肯?史密斯先生表明，英国人对“合理关注”移民福利事务。移民应该对英国经济的发展做出贡献，而不是因为想要享受这儿的福利体制而搬到这里。

他说，设定严格的规则来确保福利制度的健全是至关重要的。

他还说这个新测试有助于建立一个能服务于真正的工人求职者的公平体制，而不是任由移民占便宜。

与现在相比，为了领取救济金，移民还必须通过一份100多道问题的常住居民测试。

这将会由能根据每位申请者不同而提出相应问题的智能信息技术系统监督实行。

pass a "habitual residence test" including more than 100 extra questions compared to now.

This will be overseen by an "intelligent IT system" which will ensure questions are "tailored to each individual claimant".

Migrants will be allowed to claim benefits if they can prove they are legally allowed to be in Britain and are "habitually resident" the country.

As part of this they might be questioned about what measures they have taken to "establish" themselves in Britain and what ties they still have abroad.

"They will also have to provide more evidence that they are doing everything they can to find a job," the DWP said.

移民者若能证明自己在英国是合法的常住居民就能得到救济金。

作为测试的一部分，他们还要回答怎样定居下来，以及在国外还有什么关系。

就职及退休金部门说：他们还需提供更多的证据以证明他们会想方设法找到工作。

（译者qyym 编辑丹妮）

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an apartment 每个月用收入的40%租房子会不会太多？ Is it really enough to save just 20% every month 每个月只存收入的20%会不会太少？ Only by making it clear how much you want to save can you xxe to know how much you can actually spend. 你只有先计划好要存多少钱，才能知道自己实际上可以花多少钱双语美文：巴菲特最睿智的一句话 Warren Buffett is the current richest investor in the world. And he ranks 1 / 14 among the world’s billionaires. 沃伦巴菲特是目前世界上最有钱的投资人，也是全球第2富有的富翁。 But, xxpared to his money, it’s those famous quotes of his that attract the public’s attention. 不过，与他的钱相比，他的名言往往才是大众关注的重点。 Though most people now see his words as jokes or anti chicken soup for the souls. 虽然现在很多人都把他的话当做笑谈，或者是毒鸡汤。But I find his words really inspiring. 但我觉得，他说过的很多话真的很有道理。

英语高考时文阅读材料(八)

英语高考时文阅读材料（八） 编者：如今的英语高考、模拟考的阅读材料（完形填空、阅读理解、任务型阅读）大都选自中国、欧美等主流媒体的最新时鲜文章，与最新人文科技、政治文化接轨。作为一名考生，在接触阅读世界最新潮流的同时也应该积累素材，并培养相关英语文章的阅读能力。 下面摘取了最新的来自中国日报网（CHINA DAILY）的两篇文章，并做了必要的批注，且于文章末尾增添了几个小习题，可自行按照所附的参考答案检测阅读效果。 打算把卧室墙壁涂成灰色？睡眠专家表示：考虑一下蓝色吧 Is the colour of your bedroom walls keeping YOU awake? 中国日报网2020-02-05 13:35 Sidekix Media It may be the decor colour of the moment but painting your bedroom wall the same shade as a bleak English sky could actually stop you from getting your eight hours' in.

Grey is one of the colours that you should blacklist（黑名单）when thinking of re-painting your bedroom, according to a sleep expert at mattress company Sealy. However, blue could actually promote（促进）sleep because it sends calming messages to the brain. And while you might sleep in the dark, creeping light from streetlamps, and clutter（凌乱）from an untidy room could all add up to a night of insomnia. Grey isn't the only colour you should avoid if you're reaching for a paintbrush. Reds, browns and purples can all hinder a peaceful night's sleep, says Sealy's sleep expert Natalie Armstrong. She told Femail: 'While your room is dark when you go to sleep, many of us spend an hour or more in our bedrooms with the light on before going to sleep, which is when the colour of your bedroom can be so disruptive（颠覆性的）. 'Colours that are too bright can put your brain into a state of high alert, which can last long after you’ve turned the light off and can no longer see the colour.

高中英语阅读理解训练英语阅读的方法和技巧素材

阅读理解能力是衡量外语水平的重要标志之一，对绝大多数学生来说，阅读理解，也是他们将 来直接运用外语能力的一个最重要的方面。 一、阅读理解的目的 近年来，国内高考NMET试题短文阅读理解共计45分（含补全对话5分），是分值最高的一道大题，为什么这种题的分值这么高？其训练的目的又是什么呢？通过十年的教学体会，我 们总结归纳为以下两点： 1.提高学生对书面外语的阅读能力：即懂得按照不同的阅读目的，采用不同的阅读方法， 进而提高阅读的速度。 2.提高学生对书面外语的理解能力：即获取具体信息的能力，对阅读材料进行分析、推理 与判断的能力以及对阅读内容进行评价的能力。分析、推理与判断的能力以及对阅读内容进行 评价的能力。 阅读的目的是理解，阅读能力直接为理解服务。理解能力是阅读能力的演化。这就是阅读 与理解的辨证关系。在实际教学中教师应处理好这一关系。 二、阅读理解考查的重点 NMET阅读理解题，有议论文、记叙文、说明文、应用文、对话等等，涉及社会教育、风 俗文化、史地知识、科技、政治、经济、日常生活、传记、人物等诸多方面。这种试题题型一 般包括一些信息题、是非题和推理、演算题等等。其测试的重点不外乎有以下几点： 1.字面理解试题(literal comprehension) 这是一种最简单的试题，其特点是答案明确具体，一般从阅读材料中可以直接找到答案。 如辨认文章中事件发生的时间、顺序，人物的外貌、特征，它们与事件的因果关系。 2.推断理解试题(inferential comprehension) 这种题要求学生根据文章结构，掌握所读材料的主旨、大意以及说明主旨和大意的事实和 细节。既要理解具体的事实，也要理解抽象的概念；既要理解字面意思，也要理解深层含义， 或弦外之音，分析作者提出的观点、态度，进而从字里行间推测作者没有说明的意图、含蓄的 内容，从中悟出作者的目的。 3.综合评价试题(evaluation) 这是阅读理解中最高的一个层次。它要求学生能凭着他们应有的常识、价值观，充分运用 阅读材料以及自己的阅读经验对阅读内容做出自己的分析与评价。如： For many years, no one could communicate with people who had been born without hearing. These deaf people were not able-to use a spoken language. But beginning in the 1700s,the deaf were taught a special language. Using the language, they could share thoughts and ideas with others. The

英文文献阅读笔记精编版

英文文献阅读笔记 Title：Distributed Virtual Inertia Based Control of Multiple Photovoltaic Systems in Autonomous Microgrid Author：Won-Sang Im, Member, IEEE, Cheng Wang, Student Member, IEEE, Wenxin Liu, Senior Member, IEEE, Liming Liu, Senior Member, IEEE, and Jang-Mok Kim, Member, IEEE Source：IEEE/CAA JOURNAL OF AUTOMATICA SINICA, VOL. 4, NO. 3, JULY 2017 Research question： Since an autonomous renewable microgrid usually has much smaller inertia, the control system must be very fast and accurate to fight against the small inertia and uncertainties. To reduce the demanding requirements on control, this paper proposes to increase the inertia of photovoltaic (PV) system through inertia emulation. 在摘要中作者简要叙述了本文研究内容即：寻找一种方法来增加PV系统的惯性以降低系统的控制要求。同时，在Introduction部分，作者进一步对研究问题进行了详细的描述。 Methods： The inertia emulation is realized by controlling the