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课时提能练(二十三)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·湖北省重点中学考试)Don't have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in non－fiction books，here are good choices for you.

A Room of One's Own

This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on her several lectures given to two women's colleges at Cambridge University in 1928.In it，Woolf describes that it's circumstance not talent alone that allows men to be more successful at writing.Women，in other words，spend so much time cooking，cleaning，and tending to their children that they have no time left for art.To write well，therefore，a woman must have “a room of her own”．While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes.

The Art of War

Written by ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Zi，The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略) in human history.Consisting of 13 chapters，each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war，the book has been translated into many languages and has thousands of editions.For centuries，it has been used to train military leaders for its detailed study of military strategy and effective leadership.

Letter to My Daughter

This book of essays and poems by Maya Angelou，a respectable American poet，is written for “the daughter she never had”—the millions of women，both young and old，who she considers to be her “family”．From the viewpoint of a caring，older relative，this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences，including the birth of her only child，a son，as well as the development and loss of friendship.

A Brief History of Time

If you're short on time，then why not read about，well，the creation of time？This book，first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking，explores mindbending questions about the creation of the universe，including if and when it will end，and if so，how.Despite its heavy subject matter，Hawking addresses these questions in a way that's easy to understand，even for those who know little about physics.

【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。

1．What can we learn about the four books?

A．A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.

B．Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.

C．The Art of War gives advice on how to be military leaders.

D．A Room of One's Own is more than about writing.

D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While on its surface，this essay appears to be only about writing，it is actually about wealth and class，freedom and imprisonment，and the power struggle between sexes”可知，虽然表面上这篇文章只跟写作有关，但是实际上它是有关财富和社会等级，自由和监禁以及两性之间的权力之争的，所以D项正确。more than意思是“不仅仅”。]

2．What can be inferred from the passage?

A．As a physicist，Hawking is equally famous for writing.

B．Maya devotes herself to fighting for women's rights.

C．The book by Sun Zi is helpful in policy－making.

D．Woolf looks down upon men in writing.

C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategy(军事战略)”和“each dealing with a separate asp ect about how to fight a war”可知，The Art of War对政策的制定有帮助。所以选项C正确。]

3．What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To make comparisons between the four books.

B．To recommend the four books to readers.

C．To make comments on the four books.

D．To promote sales of the four books.

B [写作意图题。根据第一段“Don't have plenty of time for reading？If you are interested in non－fiction books，here are good choices for you”可知，写作本文的目的是向读者介绍文中提到的四本作品。所以选项B正确。]

B

(2019·重庆调研)I love the iPhone.I still remember the excitement I felt peeling back the protective plastic from my shiny new iPhone X．What a gorgeous piece of technology! That feeling didn't last.

I could point out a list of complaints，like how Face ID is inconsistent，the bright metal casing is scratch－prone(易擦伤的)，and the price tag is astronomical.But

there's really one shortcoming that matters to me.

Though the phone is only a bit bigger than the iPhone 6，iPhone 7，and iPhone 8，the bigger screen dramatically changes how you interact with the device.The new gestures required by the notch at the top of the phone mean there's no way to look at my notifications (通知) or access the control center with only one hand.It considerably limits the usability of the phone when I'm on the go or when I have only one hand free.The top two rows of apps on the home screen are basically inaccessible without a sliding move，and it makes me paranoid (患妄想狂的) if I'm going to drop the $1,000 device.The fear of dropping the phone comes from the $549 bill spent on repairing the cracked glass on its back.I hate the idea of risking that just trying to see my notifications.With my previous iPhone，the iPhone 6，I could use my pinky (小手指) as a kind of shelf for the phone to sit on as I tapped away，texting，checking email，or changing songs on Spotify.The iPhone X's size doesn't let that happen.I envied my friend when she showed me her new iPhone 8.

At first，I thought it was just an adjustment period.I experienced something similar with my previous phone.Like the iPhone X's new shape，the iPhone 6 represented a dramatic departure in form from previous iPhones.When I upgraded to the iPhone 6 from my iPhone 4S，I had similar doubts about one－handed use.I ended up falling in love with the phone.That same thing did not happen with the iPhone X after a month into using it.Determined!

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者买了一部新的iPhone X之后发现这部手机的诸多缺点。

4．According to the writer，what is exactly wrong with the iPhone X?

A．Its price is too high.

B．Its screen is a bit too big.

C．Its Face ID is inconsistent.

D．Its metal frame is easy to be scratched.

B [细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第二句“But there's really one shortcoming that matters to me”和第三段的描述可知，在作者看来，屏幕太大、难以操作是真正的不足之处，故选B项。]

5．How do you think the writer will look at the notifications for safe?

A．Use the pinky as a shelf.

B．Use the iPhone X with a sliding move.

C．Use the iPhone X with both hands.

D．Use the iPhone X with only one hand free.

C [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The new gestures required by the notch at the top of the phone mean there's no way to look at my notifications(通知) or access the control center with only one hand.”和“It considerably limits the usability of the phone when I'm on the go or when I have only one hand free”可知，作者查看通知时应是用两只手使用iPhone X手机，故选C项。]

6．How much has the writer spent on the iPhone X?

A．$451. B．$549.

C．$1,000. D．$1,549.

D [推理判断题。上文讲了iPhone X手机诸多的缺点，特别是使用不方便，第三段提到“and it makes me paranoid(患妄想狂的) if I'm going to drop the $1,000 device...on its back”可知，iPhone X手机价格为1 000美元，而作者因为修它已花费了549美元，作者在这部手机上已花费了1 549美元，故选D项。]

7．What do you think the writer will do according to the passage?

A．Downgrade the iPhone X.

B．Change the using habits.

C．Stop using the iPhone.

D．Go on with the adjustment period.

A [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When I upgraded to the iPhone 6 from my iPhone 4S，I had similar doubts about one－handed use.I ended up falling in love with the phone.That same thing did not happen with the iPhone X after a month into using it.Determined”并结合全文讲述iPhone X的诸多缺点可以推知，作者以前从iPhone 4S升级成iPhone 6时，一开始也有类似的疑惑，但最后适应了；而这一次用了一个月也没有适应，所以作者要降级iPhone X手机，downgrade和upgrade是一对反义词，故选A项。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·山东省高三预测)There are two types of party attendees(参加者)：Those who count the minutes until they can go home，and those who stay until the early hours of morning.

Regardless of which category you fall into，though，you must have secretly wondered about the best time to head out the door. 1 Not only do you want to avoid being impolite，but you also don't want to overstay your welcome.Thankfully，Thomas Blaikie can help you out with this delicate matter.

According to Blaikie，there is a golden time to leave the gathering without appearing rude. 2 If it's a sit-down dinner party，but you have to leave for

something urgent，you should remain until all courses have been served.It's considered rude to leave before dessert. 3 Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15 p．m.Don't be the last person to leave.

4 Chatting with a drink in your hand can easily make you lose track of the time.And don't worry about hurting your host if you must turn down an offer.After all，your host is tired out.

This advice depends on how well you know your host，of course. 5 He also might appreciate it if you stayed behind to help clean up.In that case，you'll need to know the best cleaning tips for a dinner party.

A．As for the weekends?

B．On a weeknight，it is best to leave at 10：30 p．m.

C．Undoubtedly，they have spent much time on the party.

D．Thank the host for the party when you are ready to leave.

E．Blaikie recommends politely turning down any after-dinner drinks.

F．A good friend might be hurt if you did happen to turn down an offer.

G．Finding the most natural moment to leave the party can be an art form.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇有关礼仪的说明文，主要介绍的是什么时候离开聚会最合适以及如何拒绝主人的餐后邀请。

1．G [考查上下文衔接。空前谈到人们参加聚会时都思考过什么时候离开最合适。空后谈到既要避免不礼貌地过早离开，又要考虑不过度逗留。所以本空选G“找到离开聚会最自然的时间可能是一种艺术形式”。]

2．B [考查上下文衔接。空前谈到了礼仪专家Blaikie认为礼貌地离开聚会有一个黄金时间，因此本段应该谈离开聚会的具体时间。所以，本空谈在工作日的晚上聚会的话，10：30是离开的黄金时间。]

3．A [考查上下文衔接。根据本段主题句，再结合本空后面一句可知选A，“Aim to say your goodbyes at 11：15 p．m.”实际上回答了如果在周末晚上聚会的话，什么时候离开最合适的问题。]

4．E [考查段落主题句。根据空后的内容可知，本段在谈应该拒绝关于餐后饮品的邀请，因为这样会把控不了时间，况且主人也很累了。因此E选项作为本段主题句是最恰当的。] 5．F [考查上下文衔接。本段第一句谈到了这些建议要根据你对主人的了解程度来使用。本空后面的“He also might appreciate it if...clean up”暗示了好朋友可能真的希望你留下来帮助他清理。据此可推知，如果你拒绝餐后的邀请，你的好朋友可能会伤心，故选F。]

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