状语从句中的省略之钻石题组(教师版)
状语从句中的省略之钻石题组（教师版）
★（2012安徽）When ____for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking
B. asked
C. having asked
D. to be asked
【解析】B. When asked=When he was asked,状语从句的简化。
★（2012新课标全国）Film has a much shorter history, especially when _____such art form as music and painting.
A. having compared to
B. comparing to
C. compare to
D. compared to
【解析】D. When compared to …=When it is compared to…状语从句的省略。
★(2010浙江) The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_____ regularly, can improve our health.
A. being carried out
B. carrying out
C. carried out
D. to carry out
【解析】C. 考查if条件句中的省略情况。本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shows；that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干是：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health, if_____ regularly是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是proper amounts of exercise, 此时应用it代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验表明, 适当的运动, 如果有规律的进行, 能够有助于我们的身体健康。
★(2007全国Ⅰ)We all know that,____ , the situation will get worse.
A. not if dealt carefully with
B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with
D. not if carefully dealt with
【解析】 B 句子还原为：If it is not carefully dealt with…状语从句的省略。
★（2012郑州第一次质量预测）When ____about what she thought of the movie, she just said it was worth seeing a second time.
A. asked
B. asking
C. being asked
D. to be asked
【解析】A.
★(2012北京丰台高三期末)In classes, you’d better understand as much as possible while_____ notes.
A. talking
B. talk
C. taken
D. to take
【解析】A. 当状语从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且状语从句谓语中含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词。
★(2012银川一中第四次考试) Online shopping, when properly_____, can save a lot of time, money and energy.
A. done
B. is done
C. having done
D. doing
【解析】A.
★(2012北京重点高中尖子生综合素质展示) Though ____of danger, sightseeers have been flocking to the site where the world’s biggest terrorist Binladen lived.
A. warned
B. warning
C. being warned
D. having warned
【解析】A. Though they are warned of danger的省略。虽然被警告有危险，但观光者一直涌向世界上最大的恐怖分子本。拉登居住的地方。
★(2012山东青岛一摸) No one can walk the wire in the air without a bit of fear unless ____very young.
A. having trained
B. trained
C. to be trained
D. being trained
【解析】B. 除非很小就受过训练，否则没有人可以在空中走钢丝一点也不好怕。
★(2011西安五大名校一摸) His play was popular and every time _____about it, he owed his success to the support of his friends.
A. talking
B. talked
C. to talk
D. when talking
【解析】A. 相当于every time he talked…
★(2011宁夏部分重点中学联考) The footballer didn’t succeed in scoring , though _____several chances by his team-mmates.
A. was given
B. being given
C. giving
D. given
【解析】D.
状语从句的省略规则
一、时间状语从句中的省略 When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。 While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后，来个电报。 Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 走之前，请关闭所有的灯。 Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。 Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。 You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你应尽快让我们知道结果。 注：as在引导时间状语从句时，没有这种省略现象。我们不可说As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground. 二、地点状语从句中的省略 地点状语从句的省略常用下列结构：where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary, Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把这些书放在你可能容易找到的地方。 Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠词。 三、条件状语从句中的省略 常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。如： Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 货物如果准备好了，请送过来。 He will come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他来，他就来。 If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有必要，朝我家里打电话。 Come along with me if (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧。 If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble. 如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。 There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. 很少有人能记起他。 You should stay where you are, unless (you are) asked to leave. 你应呆在你现在的地方不动，除非叫你动。 四、让步状语从句中的省略 He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. 他真是个好人，尽管有时有点无聊。 Even if (I am ) invited to, I won’t go to such a bad lecture. 即使邀我去，我都不想听如此坏的报告。 五、比较状语从句中的省略 She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她钢琴弹的我你弹的一样好。 She has finished the work earlier than (it has been ) expected.她完成得比预期要早。
状语从句的省略
状语从句的省略 状语从句的省略有以下几种情况： （1）在状语从句中如果主语与主句的主语一致，同时从句中又含有动词be则通常可省去从句中的主语和动词be，留下其余部分。 1.She stood at the gate as if （she was ）waiting for someone. 她站在门口好像在等人。 2．The woman teacher hurriedly left the classroom as though（she was ）angry. 这位女教师匆匆忙忙离开教室，好像生气了。 3. The man , while （he is ）over eighty, can walk faster than I .这人虽年过八十，却比我走得快。 4. Don’t speak until （you are ）spoken to. 有人对你说话时你才说。 5 .Be careful while （you are）crossing the road. 过马路时要当心。 6 .When (it is) heated, ice can turn into water. 冰经过加热能变成水。 （2）若状语从句中主语是it，动词是系动词be，则通常可省去主语it及系动词be，留下其余部分。 1. Though (it was) cold，he still wore a shirt．天气虽然冷，他还穿一件衬衫。 2. Come tomorrow if (it is) possible．可能的话就明天来吧。 3. If (it is) so，you must get back and get it．如果这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。 4.I’11 buy a TV set if (it is) necessary．如有必要，我就买一台电视机。 5. Everything went on better than (it had been) expected．一切进展得比预料的顺利。 6. No matter how difficult(it may be)，we are determined to carry the research to the end． 不管有多困难，我们决心把研究进行到底。 （3）状语从句中的部分内容若与主句的部分内容相同，可将从句中的此部分内容省去。 1. He has no money．If (he has) any，he will give us．他没有钱，如果有，他会给我们的。 2. Some flowers shut up at night as if (they did this in order) to sleep．有些花夜间收拢，好像为了睡眠一样。 1. Your teachers will take your recent illness into consideration when they mark your exams. 你的几位老师评定你的考试成绩时，会考虑到你最近生病的情况。 2. Taking everything into consideration ,the result was better than I expected. 从各方面考虑，结果比我预料的好。 状语从句省略具体分析。 一．时间状语从句的省略。这类从句主要由when，while，as soon as，once，until等引导。 例如： When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. 她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。 When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) 到达之后，来个电报。 While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. 我在上大学时就开始认识他，一个奇怪但有能力的学生。 Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) 走之前，请关闭所有的灯。 Whenever (it is ) possible, you should come and help. 不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。 Don’t come in until (you are) asked to. 不叫你请你不要进来。 You should let us know the result as soon as (it is) possible. 你应尽快让我们知道结果。
状语从句的省略形式
状语从句 用一个句子（从句）来作另一个句子（主句）的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。 状语从句的分类： （1）时间状语从句 凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有when，before，after，until，as soon as，while 等。 （2）条件状语从句 主要看一下由if引导的条件状语从句。if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句时，表示假如有从句的动作发生就（不）会有主句的动作发生。例如： If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we will go there by bike.如果明天不下雨，我们就骑自行车去那里。 If I get there early，I can see the doctor quickly.如果我早早地到那里，我就可以快点看病。 3）地点状语从句用法要点 常用where（哪里）和wherever（无论哪里）eg. Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 We will go wherever the motherland need us most. 我们要到祖国最需要的地方去。（4）原因状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有because，as和since，三者的区别是：在回答问题的时候，使用because；对于显而易见的原因，常用as或since；as和since的从句常放在主句之前，而because的从句常放在主句之后。eg. Why did you go？I went because Tom told me to go. 你为何去？那是因为汤姆叫我去。 He was angry not because we were late but because we made a noise. 他很生气不是因为我们来迟了，而是因为我们弄出了声音。 As it was raining hard，we had to be indoors. 由于雨太大，我们只好呆在家里。Since you feel ill，you'd better not go to work. 既然你感觉不舒服，你最好不要去上班了。 （5）目的状语从句用法要点 常用的引导连词有so that，that和in order that译为：以便，为了，目的是。eg. Please speak more slowly so that we can make full notes. 请讲慢一点，以便我们能作详细笔记。 I shall write down your address that I may not forget. 我要把你的地址记下来，以免忘记。 I sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach him in time. 这封信我以航空信发出，以便他能及时收到。 注：目的状语从句可以用动词不定式来替换做目的状语。eg. We work harder than usual finish it in a week. 我们比平常加倍努力工作以在一周
关于状语从句的省略问题
关于状语从句的省略问题 在英语学习中我们常见到状语从句省略问题,但并不是所有的状语从句都可采取省略式，可采用省略式的有： 1.when ,while, till, until, once 所引导的时间状语从句。 2.if, unless 所引导的条件状语从句。 3.although, though, even if , even though所引导的让步状语从句。 4.as if, as though所引导的方式状语从句。 5.than 所引导的比较状语从句。 状语从句使用省略的四种情况: 一：当从句的主语和主句的主语一致（从句的谓语常含有系动词be）时，常把从句的主语和系动词一起省略，省略后从句呈现出：Conj+doing /done/adj/adv/to do/n/介短 Eg： 1.You must be careful when (you are )crossing the street. 2.When (he was) asked why he was late, he said he had missed the train. 3.When /while (he was ) in Paris, he picked up some French. 4.Once ( it is ) seen, it will never be forgotten. 5.Unless ( I am ) invited, I won’t attend his wedding. 6.Though (he was )young/a boy, Tom knows a lot. 7.Even if/though (he is )invited, he won’t go.
状语从句的省略(精讲精练)
状语从句的省略 一：状语从句中的省略省略句的规则 1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it)． 2.从句谓语中包含be动词．如：be doing,be done, be to do, be +adj 在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词．保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过 去分词、不定式、形容词等。 1. Don’t speak until（you are）spoken to . 2. I’ll buy a TV set if （it is ）necessary. 3. While（ I was ）walking walking alone in the street, I heard my name called. 4.Tom raised his hand as if (he was ) to say something. 二：常见的几种状语从句的省略 1.when，while，as, until引导的时间状语从句的省略 while(they are)visiting the city．they reeeived a warm welcom when(he was)asked why he was late，he kept silent． ●注意After finishing his homework,he went home happily. Before being repaired, the TV set needs a careful examination. 2.if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句的省略 Onee(it is)begun．it must be done well． Unless（you are invited) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. Correct mistakes, if any. 3.though，although,even if,even though引导的让步状语从句的省略 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. 4.as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句的省略 He shook his head as if (he was）to say: “Don’t trust her”. She left the room hurriedly as if( she was) angry. He stared at the girl as if (he was) seeing her for the first time. You should finish the homework as (you are)required. 5. than引导的比较状语从句的省略 They sent us much more materials than required.
状语从句中的省略
状语从句xx省略 状语从句得省略原则主要就是：如果从句中得主语与主句中得主语一致，就可以经过一定得变动把状语从句中得主语与谓语得一部分或全部省略，从而使语言更加简洁、明了。现就把各种状语从句得省略现象列举如下： 一、时间状语从句xx省略 When (she was) very young, she began to learn to play the piano、她很小时，就开始学习弹钢琴。 While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student、我在上大学时就开始认识她，一个奇怪但有能力得学生。 When arriving, send me a telegram、(When you arrive, send me a telegram、)到达之后，来个电报。Before leaving, turn off all the lights、(Before you leave, turn off all the lights、)走之前，请关闭所有得灯。 Don’t come in until (you are) asked to、不叫您请您不要进来。 Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help、不管什么时候只要有可能就来帮忙。 You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible、您应尽快让我们知道结果。 注：as在引导时间状语从句时，没有这种省略现象。我们不可说As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground、 二、地点状语从句xx省略 地点状语从句得省略常用下列结构：where(ver) possible, where(ver) necessary, Lay these books where possible you can find them easily、把这些书放在您可能容易找到得地方。
状语从句的省略
状语从句的省略 华中师范大学丁金海 本期主要探讨在状语从句中，省略主谓部分的语言现象。 小测： 观察下面几个句子，将状语从句中省略的部分补齐： ①For others,academic concepts seemed much easier to remember when introduced in a song. ②Although acknowledging that the best works at the Place Dauphine were by women artists,he castigated parents who"cruelly"encouraged their daughters to become professional artists. ③Found throughout the South,pokeweed is traditionally the first green plant to show up each spring and is best eaten when very young and tender. ④If necessary,she would just write the article without the interview. ⑤What drugs,if any,did Murray give Michael Jackson? ⑥I wish it were that simple,but it rarely,if ever,is. ⑦When in doubt,don't open an e-mail message，especially if it includes an attachment. ⑧As a small child,my earliest remembrance of music was listening to my older sister play the piano while I attempted to sleep in an upstairs room. 在上述句子中，都带有一个状语从句，而且从句均出现了省略现象，状语从句中的省略是常见的语言现象，这样显得语言更加简洁、明了。通过分析，我们可以将上述句子的被省略部分补齐。解析是： ①….When they were introduced in a song.②Although he acknowledged that…③…when it is very young and tender.④If it is necessary for her to just write,she….⑤What drugs,if there were any,…?⑥I wish….,if it is ever that simple,is.⑦When you are in doubt, don't open…⑧As I was a small child,…. 状语从句的省略根据其省略后的形式分为两种类型：①带连词的无动词状语从句，即“连词+名词/形容词/介词短语”结构②带连词的非限定动词状语从句，即“连词+分词/动词不定式”结构。 一、带连词的无动词状语从句 1.连词+名词 小测：省略下面句子里面的状语从句中的冗余部分。 ①He inspected me as if he were a prosecutor. ②As he was a young adult,he worked as a carpenter,then started his own construction business. ③When he was a young boy,Hugh Brogan,wrote to tell Tolkien how much he enjoyed learning about hobbits,dwarfs,and elves. ④Though he is a soft-spoken fellow,he's a tough taskmaster who demands originality and initiative and is very blunt about the kind of people who anchor his news shows. 小测的答案是：①He inspected me as if a prosecutor.②As a young adult,he worked as a carpenter,then started his own construction business.③When a young boy,Hugh Brogan,wrote to tell Tolkien how much he enjoyed learning about hobbits,dwarfs,and elves.④Though a soft-spoken fellow,he's a tough taskmaster who demands originality and initiative and is very blunt about the kind of people who anchor his news shows. 通过上面的小测解析，我们不难看出，被省掉的部分是与主句相同的主语和be动词。再如：He acts as if(he were)a fool.他的行为举止好象是个傻子。 As(he was)a young artist,he entered and won first place in a major illustration competition
时间状语从句和省略
时间状语从句和省略 一、时间状语从句 1. 某些易用错的连词。 (1) 连词immediately / directly / instantly和词组the moment, the minute意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。如： The thief ran away the moment / directly he saw the policeman. [注意] a. immediately / directly / instantly也是副词，在句中作状语。如： I didn’t immediately realize how serious the situation was. b. 介词on / upon +名词/ V-ing也表示“一……就……”。如： Yao Ming was surrounded by the media on his arrival at the airport. On seeing the painting by Van Gogh, I fell in love with it at once. (2) 词组the first time, the last time, each time, every time以及by the time，都引导时间状语从句。如： The first time I spoke English before foreigners, I was a student of high school. Every time I meet the policeman at that crossroads, he will give me a big smile. [注意] for the first time是介词短语，意为“第一次……”，常用来作状语。 They had a face-to-face talk for the first time. (3) when, while和as引导时间状语从句的区别： when引导时间状语从句时，可与短暂性动词连用，也可与延续性动词连用；而 while只能与延续性动词连用；as表示两个动作的同时性，意为“一边……，一边……”。如： When I entered the classroom, all the students looked up at me curiously. Could you look after Robert while I am preparing the report?
定语、状语从句省略
定语从句省略 1. 关系词充当从句的宾语的时候，可以直接省略，而从句不发生任何形式的改变。 This is the right book that you are looking for. = This is the right book you are looking for. 2. 关系词充当从句的主语时，如果谓语结构为实词，将关系代词进行省略，而从 句中的实词要发生形式的改变。如果原本从句是一个主动语态，可以将动词直接变成ing形式。如果原本谓语动词是一个被动语态，可以直接保留过去分词。 如Fruit that contains VC can relieve a cold.=Fruit containing VC can relieve a cold. 3.如果谓语结构为be+名词，这时，可以将be动词同时省略，将后面的名词和 前面从句所修饰的名词构成同位语结构。如I know Lucy who is the leader of the team.= I know Lucy, the leader of the team. 4. 3.先行词为the way, 后面的关系代词可以是that, in which或者是不加任何关 系代词。如：I like the way you talk. 5. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾 语的关系代词whom不能换成who。但若介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who 6.（1）which用于下列情况：( I )如果引导的是非限定性定语从句; （II）关系代词充当介词的 宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前;（III）先行词本身是that等。（2）that用于下列情况：( I ) 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词；（II）先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰；（III）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；（IV）先行词被the only, the very(正是、恰是),the last修饰；（V）先行词中既有人也有物；（VI）在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句等。另外需要注意：先行词是the way，并在定语从句充当状语时，关系代词用that或省略，若用which,其前加介词in。 疑问：This was the house in which they lived last year. 是否存在这种方式并正确—— This was the house that they lived in last year. 7.当关系词在从句中充当主语时，可以省略，后面的动词发生形式变化—— 主动语态时，动词变成-ING形式 被动语态时，动词保留过去分词形式 I know the girl who comes from BJ. I often like reading short novels which were written by Hemingway. I often like reading short novels written by Hemingway. I raise a dog which is named KING. * I raise a dog named KING. I believe the candidate who made the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support. *I believe the candidate making the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support. I know the boy who was praised by the teacher. The book which is related to the development has been published recently. They lived in a house facing the south. = They lived in a house which faced the south. The workers working in the factory are well-paid. = The workers who work in the factory are well-paid. = The workers who are working in the factory are well-paid. The tie worn by our head was made in Shanghai. = The tie which is worn by our head was made in Shanghai. The book written by Wang sells well. = The book which was written by Wang sells well.
高考复习：状语从句的省略
教学难点掌握规律，正确做题 教学过程 一、课堂导入 首先让学生们明确，什么是省略： % 1.省略是一种避免重复、保持简洁的语法手段。 2.凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，但在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发
挥交际功能的句子就是省略句。 二、复习预习 " 对上一节课的时间状语从句布置的作业进行讲解，点评，让学生们通过讲评能够复习上节课的知识。之后让我们先看下面两道历年高考试题，并请同学们先讨论如何选择，同时老师注意发现学生们的盲点：
, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed(2002年上海春季试题) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited — 三、知识讲解
知识点1：什么是状语从句的省略 我们在使用时间、地点、条件、让步、原因、比较或方式等之类的状语从句时，如果其中谓语部分含有to be的任何一种形式，而主语又与主句的主语相一致或主语为it时，为避免重复，使语言生动、自然、简洁，常可以省略从句德主语和谓语的部分，特别是动词be。这种现象称为状语从句的省略。下面做简要例析。
1【考查点】时间状语从句的省略。 这类从句主要由when，while，as soon as，once，until等引导。例如：(he was) still a boy of ten, he started working to support himself. 't leave the machine till (you are) told to. 'll let you know as soon as (it is) arranged. -
状语从句的省略
状语从句的省略 一、五种状语从句常简化: ① if, unless条件状语从句; ② when, while, as, before, after, until / till时间状语从句; ③ although, though, even if / though让步状语从句; ④ as, as if方式状语从句; ⑤ as, than比较状语从句。 二、状语从句省略的两个条件: ①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it； ② 从句谓语动词含有be的某种形式。 e.g. 条件：He’ll go to the seaside fo r his holiday if (it is) possible. 时间：When (the museum is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year. 比较：I’m taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 三、状语从句省略后的形式 1）从句主语为it的从句：
条件：If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 让步：You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you. 2）主句和从句的主语一致 a.连词+形容词 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping. Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret. b.连词+名词 While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others. Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director. c.连词+现在分词 As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song. Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks. d.连词+过去分词 He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited. The concert was a great success than (it was) expected. e.连词+不定式 He stood up as if (he were) to say something. He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge. f. 连词+介词短语
状语从句的省略
一：状语从句中的省略省略句的规则 1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it)． 2.从句谓语中包含be动词．如：be doing,be done, be to do, be +adj 在此种情况下可以省去从句的主语和be动词．保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过 去分词、不定式、形容词等。 1. Don’t speak until（you are）spoken to . 2. I’ll buy a TV set if （it is ）necessary. 3. While（ I was ）walking walking alone in the street, I heard my name called. raised his hand as if (he was ) to say something. 二：常见的几种状语从句的省略 1.when，while，as, until引导的时间状语从句的省略 while(they are)visiting the city．they reeeived a warm welcom when(he was)asked why he was late，he kept silent． ●注意After finishing his homework,he went home happily. Before being repaired, the TV set needs a careful examination. 2.if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句的省略 Onee(it is)begun．it must be done well． Unless（you are invited) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. Correct mistakes, if any. 3.though，although,even if,even though引导的让步状语从句的省略 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. 4.as though，as if，as引导的方式状语从句的省略 He shook his head as if (he was）to say: “Don’t trust her”. She left the room hurriedly as if( she was) angry. He stared at the girl as if (he was) seeing her for the first time. You should finish the homework as (you are)required. 5. than引导的比较状语从句的省略 They sent us much more materials than required. 1._____________________ (在北京的时候), I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.
状语从句的省略
有时为了使语言的精炼，达到言简意赅的效果, 我们常将状语从句进行"简化"。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中很普遍, 状语从句同时具备下列两个条件: 句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it； ②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。 例如： When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year . He’ll go to the seaside for his h oliday if (it is ) possible. 另外，比较状语从句经常省略。 例如： I’m taller than he (is tall ). The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ). 状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中: ①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句; ②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句; ③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句; ④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句; ⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。 (1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。 例如: If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。 (2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形: a.连词+形容词 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。 Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。 b.连词+名词 Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director. 尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。 c.连词+现在分词 Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。 d.连词+过去分词 He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited. 除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。 The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。