英语写作unit1
英语写作I
English Composition I
About the lecturer:
Jin Ying,
QQ: 804049661;
Phone: 618196;
Office: Sino-American Education Project Office
2013.9 Requirements
no cell phone in class
whatever the purpose is; use other tools to search the new words
no plagiarism
stealing of thoughts; reference/ 天下文章一大抄
note taking
take notes, but not all, listening is important;
a loose-leaf notebook or a folder to include all the homework and learning materials (A4).
1 journal/ week (W6-15)
Times New Roman; Size 10, 1.5 space, original margin, A4, 1 page (roughly 250 words)
P15 keeping a journal
Assessment
?1. Attendance 10%
?2. Performance 10%
Preview and review the textbook or ppt to understand the main points;
Listen attentively and answer the questions raised by the teacher;
Do the related exercises out of class
…
?3. Portfolio 30%
10 journals
1 essay
A certain number of reader response logs
Quizzes/ Exercises
?4. Final exam 50%
Unit 1 The Correct Word
?Unit objectives:
recognize multiple meanings a word may have, i.e. denotative and connotative meanings, affective and collocative meanings;
identify false friends in English and learn to choose the correct word for an idea;
learn to avoid making errors in subject-verb agreement.
Denotation vs. Connotation
?Suppose you are going to write about a respectable teacher whose body size is above the average. Choose the one you would use from the sentences below:
He/ She is plump.
He/ She is portly.
He/ She is fat.
?Then if it is an amiable middle-aged female doorkeeper?
?Think it over first:
?肥嘟嘟的/ 肉肉的/ 富态/ 丰满/ 肥头大耳/ 婴儿肥/ 膀大腰圆/ 心宽体胖/ 膘肥体壮/ 胖乎乎/ 高大威猛
?Plump: usu. woman, a pleasant overtone, a pleasing fullness of figure, euphemisms for slightly fat
?Portly: dignified, imposing
?Fat: no pleasant overtone, general word
?Conclusion:
?Fat, portly and plum p do not just mean overweight; they also suggest whether it is pleasant or unpleasant.
?We call the suggested meaning of a word its connotation.
?Denotation, on the other hand, refers to the literal and primary meaning of a word- the definition you find in a dictionary.
?Some more examples:
?Handout
Attitude
?See if you can detect in the following sentences how the writer’s a ttitude changes from sentence to sentence:
What a slim girl she is!
How thin the girl is!
The girl is so skinny!
?All the sentences above state the fact that the girl has a small size but are different in the writer’s attitude.
?In all kinds of writing, the selection of a word often reveals how you feel about your subject, whether you are pleased, angry, critical or admiring.
?when we write in English, we have to be careful with such emotionally loaded words- i.e. words that can reveal the writer’s attitu de.
?Handout
Collocation
?Fill in the blanks with do or make.
______somebody a favor ______a gesture
______somebody good ______harm
______evil ______an effort
?Certain words tend to occur together regularly.
?For example, when we describe coffee, we can say strong coffee or weak coffee, but when we describe soup, we cannot say the soup is strong or weak; instead we say the soup is thick or thin.
?From this we can see certain nouns are usu. modified by certain adj. and words of the same meaning are not interchangeable in this situation. We call this fixed combination of words collocation.
?There are several types of collocation:
?follow the fashion (v. +n.), a brilliant success (a. +n.), think alike (v. + ad.), (the answer) to a question (prep. + n.), think of (an idea) (v. + prep.).
?Learning a word is not only learning its meaning; it also includes learning which word or words it usually goes with, that is, its collocations.
False Friends
?Read the following conversation between Alice and the Red and White Queens in Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland.
?“Can you answer useful questions?”asked the Red Queen. “How is bread made?”
?“I know that!” Alice cried eagerly. “You take some flour…”
?“Where do you pick the flower?”the White Queen asked. “In a garden or in the hedges?”
?“Well, it isn’t picked at all,” Alice explained, “it’s ground…”
?“How many acres of ground?” said the White Queen. “You mustn’t leave out so many things.”
?Can you find out the cause of the misunderstanding?
?We call pairs of words similar in appearance or pronunciation but different in meaning false friends. For instance,
Advise vs. advice
Affect vs. effect
Complement vs. compliment
Continually vs. continuously
Angel vs. angle
Capital vs. capitol
Conscious vs. conscience
Credible vs. credulous
?Handout
Grammar
?1. Subjects and verbs P409
?2. Subject-verb agreement P451
1) when the subject is compound
?1. Work and play ____(is, are) equally important.
?2. Ham and eggs ____(are, is) my favorite breakfast.
?3. Each boy and girl ____(make, makes) a separate report.
?4. Neither John nor May ____(are, is) willing to run the errand.
?5. Not only the students but also the teacher ____(were, was) shocked at the news.
?6. The pilot along with all the passengers ____(were, was) rescued.
?7. House-keeping, together with taking care of the baby, ____(wear, wears) grandma out each day.
2) when the subject expresses quantity
a. – Give me ten dollars, Dad. I need to buy a new pair of earphones.
– ____(Is, Are) ten dollars enough?
b. – Oh, someone must have broken in. All of the money ____(is, are) gone.
– And the last of the rolls ____(are, is) gone too.
c. –Tell me, why there’re so many unmarried women in their thirties these days?
– I guess there ____ (is, are) heaps of work for them to do each day and they are just too preoccupied with their work.
d. – More than one woman ____(has, have) warned me against marriag
e.
– Yeah. And many a man ____(has, have) given me the same warning.
3) when the subject is a relative pronoun or a what-clause, and the in there-be structure
?Refer to Handout p3
?a1. 他是一名能够履行在竞选中所立誓言的候选人。
?a2. 他是众多候选人中唯一能够履行在竞选中所立誓言的人。
?b1. 他需要的只不过是他养父母的一点点爱。
?b2. 一个人的所思和所言不总是一样的。
?c1. 花园里有一棵樱桃树和几株兰花。
?c2. 已经有数百名报名者在等候这份工作。
4) others
a. Nobody in town______ (admits, admit ) seeing him
b. ______( Does, Do) anyone want to go with me?
c. ______(Is, Are) any of you going to the exhibition?
d. None ______(works, work) so hard as he does.
e. Books ______( is, are) her chief source of enjoyment.
f. The one thing you must be ready for ______(is, are) their attempts to break up the meetin
g.
g. The jury ______(is, are) finally complete.
h. The jury ______( was, were) divided in their opinions.
i. New York Times ______(is, are) his bible.
j. Semantics ______(is, are) the study of meanings.
?Thanks
?For
?Watching!
英语六级写作三个套路 精品
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主备人:赵平班级：授课时间：年月日
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