动名词的用法(和课件同步)

动名词的用法

Underline v-ing and tell the function.

1. For example, it could be “Shanghai Sewing Machine”. (telling the use of a noun)

2. For many of today’s advertises, repeating old ideas is not a successful approach. (as a subject)

3. …a lot of money is spen t on applying modern techniques of design to make these ads. (after a preposition)

4. Others try to create advertisements that people simply enjoy looking at. (after a verb)

5. My job is teaching. (used as predicative)

这种v-ing 形式在语法上叫动名词（Gerunds）。它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词，有时态和语态的变化。动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。其否定形式是在doing前加上not。动名词的用法如下：

1. 作主语

Reading is an art.

Climbing mountains is really fun.

①动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。

It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.

It is no use crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。（即覆水难收）

在It is no use...，It is no good...，It is fun...，It is a waste of time...等句型中，通常用it作形式主语，而doing为真正的主语。

It is no use/good/a waste of time talking about that.

②动名词作主语可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。

Swimming is her favorite sport.

游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。

Learning is important to modern life.

学习对现代生活很重要。

③不定式与动名词作主语的区别：

不定式作主语时经常表示具体动作，而动名词作主语时经常表示抽象动作：Getting up early is a good habit.

To get up early this morning made me sleepy.

2. 作宾语

doing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。

doing可作动词的宾语，如：They went on walking and never stopped talking.

doing也作介词的宾语，如：We are thinking of making a new plan.

⑴. 能用doing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用doing形式作宾

语,另一类是既可用doing形式作宾语，也可用不定式to do作宾语。

①只能用doing形式作宾语的动词(这类动词只能用doing形式作宾语，不能用

不定式作宾语。)，如：

I suggest doing it in a different way.

我建议用另一种方法做这件事。

必背只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词及短语有：

admit 承认appreciate感激，赞赏avoid 避免allow承认advise 建议consider 考虑delay 耽搁deny 否认escape 避免，逃脱endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢fancy想象finish 完成forbid 禁止imagine 设想

mind介意miss 想念practice 练习permit 允许risk 冒险

resist抵制suggest 建议stand 忍受forgive 原谅

cannot help 情不自禁be tired of 厌烦做某事insist on 坚持

count on/upon 指望，依赖set about着手做…… get down to着手做

give up 放弃feel like 想要lead to 导致look forward to 期待

contribute to 捐助，贡献devote oneself to 献身于

②既可用doing形式作宾语，也可用不定式to do作宾语

这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：

☆有些动词，如continue, hate, like, love, prefer等，后面接doing形式或不定式to do区别不是很大。如：

They prefer spending/to spend their summer vacation in Dalian.

他们更喜欢在大连度暑假。

I continue to learn/learning English. 我继续学英语。

提示

应尽量避免接连出现两个以上动词-ing形式。

I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。

避免说：I am starting learning Russian. 我开始学俄语。

go on to do★做完一件事后，接下去做另外一件事

Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit. 做完练习以后，我们继续学习下一单元的单词。

go on doing★继续做同一件事。

Though it was raining heavily, they went on working, 尽管天下着大雨，他们仍然继续工作。

mean to do★想要做某事

I didn't mean to hurt you. 我并不想要伤害你。

mean doing★意味着

Missing the train means waiting for another hour.

误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。

regret to do★对即将要做的事表示遗憾，

常构成regret to say/tell/inform sb. that clause 表“很遗憾的说/告诉/通知你……”

I regret to say I must leave tomorrow. 很遗憾，我明天必须离开了。

regret doing★对所做的事感到后悔

I regret not having told her earlier.没能更早地告诉她，我很后悔。

remember to do ★表示“记得要做某事”

Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时记得要锁门。

remember doing ★表示“记得做了某事”

I remember posting that letter. 我记得寄了那封信。

forget to do★忘记要做某事

She nearly forgot to give the porter a tip for his service. 她几乎忘记给行李搬运工付小费。

forget doing★忘记做过某事

I'll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. 我永远忘不了和我小学校长初次见面的情景。

stop to do★“停下来去做某事”，表停止原来做的事，开始做另一件事

While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候，他不时停下来和汤姆谈话。

stop doing★停止正在做的事

When the teacher came into the classroom, the pupils stopped talking. 教师走进教室的时候，小学生们停止了说话。

try to do★设法做某事

I must try to get everything ready before he arrives. 在他到来之前，我必须尽力把一切都准备好。

try doing★试着做某事

Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗？

☆need, require, want作“需要”解时，后面接doing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式to be done，意义上并无差别，但用doing形式比较普通。

Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected. 你的作文需要修改。

His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 他的外套需要洗了。

The old woman requires looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.

这个老大娘需要细心地照料。

⑵作介词宾语

doing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关。

3. 动名词的复合结构

Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。

(Reading aloud的逻辑主语是泛指任何人，因而无需表达出来)

点津坊

如果动名词doing需要自己的逻辑主语时，一般在动名词的前面加上形容词性物主代词或名词所有格(即名词后加’s)，即one’s doing，构成动名词的复合结构。His father’s falling ill worried him greatly. 他父亲生病使他着急。

(his father是falling ill的逻辑主语)

Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.

动名词复合结构的一般规则是：

①当动名词的复合结构one’s doing作宾语时，可将形容词性物主代词或名词所有格变成其宾格形式。如：

Tom’s coming is what we have expected.

His coming is what we have expected.

She didn’t mind Tom’s/ Tom coming here.

She didn’t mind his/ him coming here.

②如果名词是表示无生命事物时，只用“名词的普通格+doing”，不用名词的所有格。

Can you hear the noise of the machine running?

你能听到机器运转的声音吗？

对比：

Would you mind opening the window? 请你把窗子打开好吗？

(opening the window的逻辑主语是you)

Would you mind my/me opening the window? 你介意我打开窗子吗？

（opening the window的逻辑主语是me)

关于逻辑主语的问题

a. ______to the meeting surprised all of the boards.

A. Mike coming

B. Mike came

C. Mike coming

D. Mike’s coming

b. It’s no use _______ that you didn’t know the rules.

A. you pretend

B. you pretending

C. your pretending

D. your pretend

c. Change the following into the simple sentence.

That Peter didn’t attend the meeting made it put off.

= Peter’s not attending the meeting made it put off.

4. 作表语

动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。

Your task is cleaning the windows. (Cleaning the windows is your task.)

What I hate most is being laughed at. (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)

5. 作定语

动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途和性能。如：

a walking stick=a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking

a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing

a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading

6. 动名词的否定形式由not加doing形式构成。

His not coming made everyone present very disappointed.

他没来使在场的每个人都很失望。

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一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 （1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受

worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.

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高中英语动名词的用法(完美版)

高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 １．用作主语---常表抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意： ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别： 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ．．．动作，而动名词 ．．．．一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。

Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。 need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。 如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？ Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the

动名词的用法

动名词 定义：动名词是动词的一种非限定形式，兼有动词和名词的特征，它可以带宾语，也能被状语修饰。动名词接宾语或状语构成动名词短语。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 基本形式：由动词原形家词尾-ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。动名词已经名词化了，而现在分词常表示动作或状态。如：a sleeping chair 躺/睡椅（动名词，表用途） a sleeping child 正在睡觉的孩子（现在分词，表状态） 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 1、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffering. 在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 注意：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪 费时间。 It was hard getting on the crowded street car. 上这种拥挤的车真难。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 这种用法在习惯句型中常用，常用句型： It is + no use/no good/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/ interesting/foolish/nice/a waste of time/a plessure… + v.ing 注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词后面不用动名词（常用不定式）。3）用于“There be”结构中。 There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。 There is no joking about such matters. 对这种事情不是开玩笑。

动名词的用法及练习题

动名词（Gerund） 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing构成，否定形式为not doing，兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 一、动名词保留着动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化。其时态语态形式如 二、动名词相当于名词，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如： Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 注意：动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如： It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的。 2、作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如： swimming pool 游泳池reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室working people 劳动人民 3、作表语 动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如： His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词） 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。

动名词用法归纳

动名词用法归纳Mar 11, 2011 一. 动名词作主语和表语 动名词表示抽象的具有普遍性的行为，不定式表示某一次具体的行为。 Seeing is believing. (但现代英语也可以：To see is to believe.) Swimming is a good sport. (抽象) To swim is good for today. (具体) My job is teaching English. (抽象) Your job is to clean the window now. (具体) 二. 作宾语 1. help to do 帮着做 can’t help doing 禁不住 want / need doing = want / need to be done Your hair needs cutting. / Your hair needs to be cut. 2. 只能跟动名词作宾语的动词有： enjoy; finish; suggest; advise; imagine; mind; practise; consider(考虑)；understand; bear / stand (容忍) 等。 I enjoy listening to music. I’ve finished doing my homework. He imagined finding a purse in the street. He suggested having a rest. She is practising playing the piano. He is considering going abroad. 3. 接动名词作宾语的短语有： be good at; be proud of; be fond of; look forward to; be devoted to; insist on; be busy doing; be worth doing; feel like doing; be used to doing; succeed in doing 等。 She is proud of being beautiful. He is fond of playing computer games. I am looking forward to going to the village. I insist on learning English. 4. 接动名词作宾语的重点介词： after; before; on (一…就…); without 等。 After playing football, we feel tired. Before playing football, we feel excited. On opening my eyes, I found Mother standing by my side. I sometimes go to school without having breakfast. 三．动名词作定语 动名词作定语说明被修饰词的用途；现在分词作定语说明被修饰词本身发出的动作。

初中动名词用法归纳

初中动名词用法归纳 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

动名词的用法及归纳 一、定义 动名词，就是动词后加ing 的形式，即doing sth. 它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做“动名词”。 二、动名词的特征及作用 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态 和语态的变化。 动名词属于非谓语动词中的一种，所以它不可以做谓语。 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。 【例题】指出下列句子中动名词/现在分词或动名词/现在分词短语做句子的什么成份： ①Climbing mountains is really fun. ②It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. ③Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. ④We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. ⑤a walking stick ⑥a washing machine ⑦Be careful while crossing the street. ⑧Seeing is believing. ⑨My work is cleaning the house. ⑩Be careful while crossing the street. 三、动名词和现在分词的区别： 动名词：动词的-ing形式，相当于名词在句子中的用法； 现在分词：具有动词的特征，可以表示一个正在进行、主动的动作。 【例题】判断以下v-ing形式是动名词用法还是现在分词用法： ①I see Mary doing her homework now. ②Seeing is believing. ③They are singing. ④Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. ⑤I advice waiting till tomorrow. ⑥I prefer going shopping this weekenk. 四、动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别： 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。 比较以下句子： Saving money is a good habit. To save money is not easy for me. 五、动名词的时态和语态 六、动名词的否定形式：在doing前加上not 七、【例题】变否定式： ①I admit having done this. ②I leave the machine running all day.

初中动名词的用法

动名词的用法 动名词是非谓语动词的一种，它由动词原形加-ing 构成，形式上与现在分词相同。动名词除具有动词的性质外，还具有名词的性质。动名词在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语等，但不能用作谓语（故称动名词为非谓语动词）。如： Her job is looking after the baby. 她的工作是照顾婴儿。 She’s gone out to do some shopping. 她出去买东西了。 一、动名词的句法功能 1．用作主语 Finding work is difficult these days. 现在找工作可不容易。 注意：动名词作主语经常采用it 作形式主语的句型。 2．用作表语 Her favorite sport is skating. 她最喜爱的运动是滑冰。 His job is teaching English. 他的工作是教英语。 注意：不定式和动名词均可用作主语和表语，区别是：动名词多指笼统的、抽象的概念，而不定式则多指具体的、一次性的动作。 3．用作宾语 She likes singing and dancing. 她喜欢唱歌跳舞。 介词后出现动词时，通常要用动名词形式，不能用动词原形，通常也不用不定式。 He left without saying good-bye. 他没有告别就离开了。 4．用作定语 This is our reading room. 这时我们的阅览室。 He bought a new washing machine. 他买了一台新洗衣 机。 Betty won the first prize in the singing competition. 贝蒂获得了歌咏比赛的一等奖。 二、与动词搭配的doing 用法有多少 英语中，某些动词（或形容词）后只能与ing 形式即动名词连用。 1. keep doing sth 一直作某事 . Keep driving until you see the cinema, then turn left. 开着车一直向前，看见电影院就向左拐。 2. keep on doing sth 一直作某事 . I keep on thinking about the match in the afternoon. 我一直在想着今天下午比赛的事。 3. keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 . Don ’t keep your mother waiting. 不要让你妈妈久等。 4. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 . He was busy doing his homework. 他正忙于写 家庭作业。

英语语法动词及动名词

1）表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2）根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词（Notional Verb）、系动词（Link Verb）、助动词（Auxiliary Verb）、情态动词（Modal Verb）。 说明：有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词，例如： We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。（having是实义动词。） He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。 （has是助动词。） 3）动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（Transitive Verb）、不及物动词（Intransitive Verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明：同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物动词。） 4）根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词（Finite Verb）、非限定动词（Non-finite Verb）例如： She sings very well. 她唱得很好。（sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。） She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。（to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明：英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式（Infinitive）、动名词（Gerund）、分词（Participle）。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词（One-Word Verb）、短语动词（Phrasal Verb）、动词短语（V erbal Phrase）例如： The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。（contains是单字动词。） Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。（look up是短语动词。） The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。（take care of是动词短语。） 6）动词有五种形态，分别是：原形（Original Form）、第三人称单数形式（Singular From in Third Personal）、过去式（Past Form）、过去分词（Past Participle）、现在分词（Present Participle）。

动名词定义及作用

动名词 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释：动词的ing形式如果是名词，这个词称动名词。 动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 一、 动名词定义和作用 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 解释：动词的ing形式如果是名词，这个词称动名词。 一、动名词的作用 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。二、 动名词的逻辑主语 带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词（名词所有格）是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。如： Her coming to help encouraged all of us. 他来帮忙鼓舞了我。 (=That she came to help encouraged all of us.) Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble. 简这么粗心惹来了不

少麻烦。 (=That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.) What’s troubling them is their not having enough food. 烦扰他们的是食物不足。(=What’s troubling them is that they have not enough food.)在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。如：Would you mind my/me using your computer? 用下你的电脑介意吗？ The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college. 爸爸坚决要求儿子上大学。 Mary’s (不可用Mary) being ill made her mother upset. 玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。 His (不可用Him)smoking made his family angry. 他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语： a.无命名词 The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting. 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒。 b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义 Have you ever heard of women practising boxing? 你听说过妇女练拳击吗？ c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列 Do you remember your parents and me telling about this? 你记得你父母和我都告诉过你这事吗？ 三、 动名词作主语、宾语和表语 1、作主语 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。

动名词的用法

动名词的用法 Ⅰ动名词的定义 动名词也是动词的三种非谓语形式（不定式、分词、动名词）中的一种。与分词和不定式一样，它也不能在句子中单独作谓语。动名词具有名词和动词的特征，可以带宾语或状语修饰。在句子中，动名词可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和同位语等。此外，动名词还可以通过加宾语或状语构成动名词短语。 Ⅱ动名词的基本形式 动名词由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，构成与现在分词形式相同。它还有下面几种形式：主动语态被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done Ⅲ动名词的句法功能 动名词在句中起名词的作用，可单独出现或组成短语作主语、表语、宾语、介词的宾语、定语和同位语。 1.作主语 Seeing is believing. Being a teacher was by no means easy.做老师决非易事。 His having left early made everyone feel very disappointed. 他的提前离开使得每个人都非常失望。 It was a nuisance being kept waiting like that.被弄得这样等着真讨厌。 ★○1It was no use/of little use/no good/useless /a waste of time/a waste of money/a great pleasure/fun + doing sth.(it为形式主语) It was no use talking it over with him.跟他讨论此事没有用。 It was no use crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。（木已成舟，哭也没用） It is of little good staying up too late every day.每天都熬夜没有什么好处。 ○2There was no….结构中只能用动名词，表示禁止和不可能。 There was no smoking in the hall.大厅内禁止吸烟。