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人教版高中英语选修六 Unit3 A healthy life-词汇篇(教师版)

人教版高中英语选修六 Unit3 A healthy life-词汇篇(教师版)
人教版高中英语选修六 Unit3 A healthy life-词汇篇(教师版)

Unit3 A healthy life-词汇篇

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1.掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法,能够正确完成基础类型题。

2.掌握重点句型的用法,会模仿句型进行写作。

单词讲解:

1.abuse n.滥用,妄用;虐待,辱骂vt. 滥用,妄用,虐待

e.g. He abused his power while in office.他在职时滥用权力。

Those captives were physically abused.那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残

drug abuse 滥用毒品

child abuse 虐待儿童

abuse one’s position / power滥用职权/权利

abuse a privilege滥用特权

2.stress

1)n.压力; 重音,重读

be under (the) stress (of) 在压力下

suffer from stress遭受压力

the stresses and strains of modern life现代生活的压力和紧张

强调, 重要性

e.g. Some school lay / put /place stress on foreign language education.

2)vt. 加压力于; 重读; 强调

e.g. He stressed the importance of the task.

3.ban

1)n.禁令,禁止 a ban on sth

2)vt.禁止, 取缔

ban sb. from (doing) sth. 颁布禁令

impose a ban解除禁令

lift a ban

e.g. Our government has put/ imposed a ban on plastic bags.

4.due to 归因于, 归功于

e.g. The accident is due to your careless driving. 那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。

be due to do sth定于某时做某事

e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.

可以被caused by 所代替

The train is due in five minutes.(预定的,预期的)

My rent isn’t due till Wednesday.(到期的,立即支付的)

In due course 在适当的时候

after due consideration经适当考虑之后

because of “由于”, 较口语化,只作状语

owing to 较正式,须用逗号与主句隔开

thanks to “多亏了” ,多用于正面的意义

as a result of “因为”

as a result 副短, “因此”

therefore 副词, “因此”

so并列连词, “因此”

because of ,due to , owing to , on account of和thanks to 的用法比较

这一词都表示“由于”的意思,在使用时应该注意以下区别:

1. because of意为“由于,因为”,强调因果关系,在句中仅作状语,修饰句中的一部分,与其他成分不用逗号隔开。

如:We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback.

我们决不可因为这样一个小小的挫折而灰心丧气。

2. owing to与because of一样,也强调因果关系,除作状语外,也可作表语。作状语时修饰整个句子,可在句首或句末,用逗号隔开。如:

They decided to cancel the flight,owing to the storm.

由于这场暴风雨,他们决定取消这个航班。

His death was owing to an accident. 他死于一场事故。

3. due to引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语和定语。作表语和状语时与owing to同义,作状语时,一般不与其他成分隔开。不用于句首。如:

This accident was due to(owing to)his careless driving.

这次车祸是由于他开车疏忽大意造成的。

He arrived late due to(owing to)the storm. 由于暴风雨他来晚了。

Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious consequences.

由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。

4. on account of与because of,owing to同义,但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语,不作定语。如:He could not come on account of his illness. 他因病不能前来。

That was on account of lack of exercise. 那是由于缺乏锻炼。

5. thanks to表示“幸亏,多亏”多用于表达正面意思,相当于感谢,在句中作状语和表语。

如:Thanks to your advice,much trouble was saved. 多亏你的建议,减少了许多麻烦。

5.tough

1)The wire is tougher than that. (坚韧的,不易磨损的)

2)You need to be tough enough to survive in the jungle.(坚忍不拔的,吃苦耐劳的)

3)a tough criminal(粗暴的,凶暴的)

4)tough measures to deal with terrorism(强硬的,严厉的)

5)a tough assignment / problem / choice(棘手的,困难的)

6)a tough steak(硬的,老的)

6.fit

1) V.

1. The dress doesn’t fit me.

2. We can’t fit any more chairs into the room.(容纳)

3. be fitted with handles(安装)

4. His ideas did not quite fit in with our aims. 他的想法和我们的目标不完全一致。

(与…相一致,相协调)

2) Adj.

keep fit

be fit for / to do

The book is fit (suitable) for children.

The fresh air is fit to breath.

反义词:

unfit be unfit for / to do

区分fit , suit, match

These shoes don’t fit me. Have you got a larger size? 这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗?

That haircut suits you. 那种发型很适合你。

The carpets should match the curtains. 地毯应该和窗帘相配。

You can’t match him in his knowledge of wild plants. 在野生植物知识方面,你无法与他相比。

7.addicted adj. “对某某上瘾”, “沉湎于某某”

e.g. My children have become hopelessly addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷,简直不可救药了。

构词法:

addict n. 吸毒成瘾的人

addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾

addictive adj. 使人上瘾的

addict常用于下列结构:

addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某物

be addicted to sth. 专心做某事;上了…..的瘾

be addicted to doing sth.

Eg. The parents felt helpless when they found their son had ____ love stories for long.

A. addicted

B. addicted to

C. addicted himself

D. been addicted to

8.accustom v.使人习惯于、养成习惯

e.g. She found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early.

她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的好习惯。

常用句式:

1) accustom+名词/oneself + to+名

eg. Children are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。

2) be accustomed to +名词

e.g. I am accustomed to walking long distances. 我习惯与长距离步行。

3) get/become/be accustomed to +名词

e.g. You will soon get accustomed to the job. 你将会习惯于这个工作。

同义词组:be / get / become used to

注意:

在英语中,to有时为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形;

有时用作介词,后跟名词、代词、或动名词。

下面的这些短语中的to 均为介词。

stick to 坚持lead to 导致, 通向pay a visit to 参观

sentence sb. to 宣判某人come to 谈到, 涉及see to 处理,负责

be up to 总计devote…to 致力于 get down to 开始/着手

be opposed to / object to 反对be devoted to 致力于,献身于

be attached to adjust (adapt)… to be exposed to

look forward to pay attention to attend to

contribute to turn to admit to

when it comes to

9.withdraw-withdrawal

The general refused to withdraw his troops.(收回,撤回)

She withdrew all her savings and left the country.(取钱,提款)

withdrawal symptoms 戒毒过程中出现的症状

10.quit 动词,过去式和过去分词均为quit,现在分词为quitting,接动词-ing形式, “停止做”

e.g. She quit smoking when she got pregnant. 她一怀孕就戒了烟。

归类记忆:下列动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语

admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, deny , forbid(禁止), fancy(想象), finish, keep, mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, prevent, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, imagine, postpone(推迟), practice, quit, resist(抵制), risk , suggest, tolerate, understand

11.strengthen

Practicing Kongfu strengthens our bodies.

We must strengthen our socialist construction.

We should strengthen the legal system.

He lifted the stone with all his strength.

The ability to keep calm is one of his many strengths.

Bill was doing a lot of physical exercises to build up his strength.

To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.

12.decide –decision

1)decide+名词/代词

The question will be decided by themselves.问题将由他们自己决定。

2)decide to do

Last week, a group of Class 3 students decided to go to the museum.

3)decide+从句

Let's first decide where we should go.

(=Let's first decide where to go.)

It is not decided whether we will go there.

It is decided that...:

It is decided that we should start tomorrow. (注:这种从句要用虚拟语气。)

4)跟介词短语(跟on或upon,表示“就某事做出决定”):

Don't decide on important matters too quickly.重要的事情不要匆忙做出决定。

make a decision

determine to do / be determined to do

make up one’s mind (s) to do

13.feel like 想要, 只表示一次的想法, 后接动词-ing形式

e.g. It’s so hot today. I feel like going swimming. 今天好热啊, 我想去游泳。

摸起来像……, 像是……

e.g. The material feels like silk

It feels like rain.

would like to do

e.g. I’d like to have dinner with you.

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纳;收养 △ humanistic adj. 人道主义的vt. 拥有;具有;支配(尤作复数)所有; 财产superb adj. 卓越的;杰出的; 极好的 △ ve n. 透视画法;透视图; 观点technique n. 技术;方法;技能△ Masaccio 马萨乔(意大利画家)coincid 巧合(的事);(事情、口味、故事等)相合bdence 巧合地 △ ma 杰作;名著△印象主义;印象派 △ adj. 印象派的n. 印象派艺术家 △ post -adj. 后印象派的 n. 后印象派艺术家 a great deal 大量shadow n. 阴影;影子

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