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语法填空专练(一)

阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Halloween is one of the most famous holidays in the US, and it is on October 31. People carve pumpkins and make 1. ________ (fun) faces on them. These 2. ________ (call) jack-o’-lanterns. On October 31, children dress up like witches, ghosts, or clowns. They go to many houses and knock on the door 3. ________ (say), “Trick or Treat!” It means that if people don’t give them 4. ________ treat, they will play some kind of trick 5. ________ the household. So, usually people give candy to them.

I carved my first Halloween pumpkin at my friend Lucas’ house. First, I cut open the top of the pumpkin and pulled the seeds 6. ________. It was not easy for me because it was sticky and 7. ________ (smell) bad. Next, I carved the eyes and the mouth. When I finished making the face, I put a candle inside. It looked more beautiful than 8. ________ (intend), so I was happy.

That was a good experience because I had a better 9. ________ (understand) of American culture by taking part in it. I think Halloween is an interesting American holiday 10. ________ involves all family members and neighbors too!

Have you ever suffered because of something you ate? Are you scared 1. ________ strawberries? Well, 2. ________ you are, you are not alone. Many people suffer from food allergies. For some 3. ________ (luck) people, even smelling or touching the food they are allergic to can cause a reaction. Common foods to 4. ________ people can be allergic include milk, eggs, nuts and seafood. In general, food allergies are not life threatening, but you 5. ________ need to be cautious. For example, take peanut allergies. In really bad cases, peanuts can result in 6. ________ symptom known as anaphylaxis (过敏反应), causing your airways 7. ________

(block) and stopping you from breathing. When that happens, the person must be taken by ambulance to a hospital at once. There is no cure for food allergies other than 8. ________ (stay) away from the food that causes you to have reactions. This requires reading product ingredients 9. ________ (care) and making sure that the food you order in a restaurant is safe. If you have a friend who has a food allergy, pay special attention to 10. ________ you give him / her to eat. Their life could depend on it!

The Burj Al Arab is a luxury hotel in Dubai. It stands on a man-made island 1. ________ (locate) just off Dubai’s coast, and is connected to the mainland by means of a private bridge. The amazing building is one of the tallest hotel in the world. It was designed to look like the sail of a “dhow”, 2. ________ type of Arabian boat. Tom Wright, the designer of the hotel, said he wanted the Burj Al Arab to be a symbolic 3. ________ (construct) for Dubai like the Eiffel Tower is for Paris.

The Burj Al Arab has 202 rooms as well as six award-winning restaurants. One of these restaurants, the Al Muntaha, 4. ________ (offer) fantastic views of Dubai, because it is 200 metres above sea level.

Guests 5. ________ decide to stay at the Burj Al Arab can look forward to 6. ________ (receive) extremely good service. From the moment you check in to the moment you are dropped off at the airport, the hotel’s staff take care of everything.

7. ________ (fortunate), entry into the Burj Al Arab is not allowed unless you are a hotel guest. But don’t worry; views of the outside of the hotel are as 8. ________ (impress) as views of its inside. So, if you ever visit Dubai, be sure 9. ________ (take) a photograph of the Burj Al Arab. It is 10. ________ a doubt one of the most beautiful hotels in the world!

Archimedes was a famous ancient Greek inventor and mathematician. He is best known for discovering “Archimedes’s Principle”, 1. ________ scientific law that

explains why some objects float. There are various stories that tell how he made this 2. ________ (discover). One story tells of a king named Hiero, 3. ________ suspected that his goldsmith had added some silver to a gold crown he had ordered. The king asked Archimedes 4. ________ his assistance in finding out the truth. For days Archimedes was unable to сome up with 5. ________ ideas. Then one day while getting into his bathtub, he noticed water spilling over the sides. Suddenly, he realised that when an object 6. ________ (place) in water, it moves some water from underneath it. By taking measurements of an object’s weight and the amount of water it moved, Archimedes could find out the “density (密度)” of the object. Because of this, he could conclude 7. ________ King Hiero’s crown was made entirely of gold or not. Archimedes was so 8. ________ (excite) when he realised this that he jumped out of his bathtub 9. ________ (shout) “Eureka!”, the Greek word for “I have found it.” Today, people often shout “Eureka!” 10. ________ (say) they have found a solution to a difficult problem.

It happened two years ago. I was getting ready to go to Beijing 1. ________ I fell down the stairs and hurt my leg. I thought nothing 2. ________ (bad) could happen to me, so I decided to go anyway.

I managed to talk my father into giving me a ride to the station, 3. ________ was five kilometers from our house. We planned to set out very early 4. ________ (catch) the 7 a.m. train but the car wouldn’t start. When we final ly left, 5. ________ was already 6:30. My father is a very slow driver so I asked him to speed up. When we were doing 120 km/h a policeman stopped us and handed out 6. ________ rather heavy fine to my father for speeding. I was very nervous — there were only fifteen minutes left and we were nowhere near the station yet. Much to my annoyance, the car 7. ________ (sudden) started to jerk (颠簸) and it soon turned out 8. ________ we had run out of petrol. We had to stop at the petrol station to fill up the tank. We finally got to the station at three minutes to seven.

I kissed my father goodbye, jumped on the train and settled down in my seat 9. ________ relief. But as soon as we reached the next station, I realised that I 10. ________ (get) on the wrong train: I was traveling to Wuhan, not Beijing!

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, 1. ________ (include) serious air pollution, long delays, and a great risk of accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult 2. ________ (persuade) people to change their habits and leave their cars at home.

One possible approach is to make 3. ________ more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing parking charges and bringing in tougher fines for anyone 4. ________ breaks the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, known as “road pricing”, with a special electronic card 5. ________ (fix) to the windscreen of the car, has already been introduced in a number of cities.

Another way of dealing with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts of the city, and 6. ________ (proper) control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus 7. ________ (serve) for the final stage of their journey.

Of course, the 8. ________ (important) thing of all is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be 9. ________ (rely) and convenient, with fares 10. ________ an acceptable level.

参考答案：

A 1. funny 2. are called 3. saying 4. a 5. on

6. out

7. smelled

8. intended

9. understanding 10. that / which

B 1. of 2. if 3. unlucky 4. which 5. still

6. a

7. to be blocked

8. staying

9. carefully 10. what

C 1. located 2. a 3. construction 4. offers 5. who / that

6. receiving

7. Unfortunately

8. impressive

9. to take 10. without

D 1. a 2. discovery 3. who 4. for 5.any

6. is placed

7. whether

8. excited

9. shouting 10. to say

E 1. when 2. worse 3. which 4. to catch 5. it

6. a

7. suddenly

8. that

9. in 10. had got

F 1. including 2. to persuade 3. it 4. who / that 5. fixed

6. properly

7. service

8. most important

9. reliable 10. at

解析：

1. funny。考查形容词。设空处修饰faces，故填funny。

2. are called。考查时态和语态。由上文可知设空处所在句表示的是目前的客观事实，且主语These与call之间是被动关系，故填are called。

3. saying。考查非谓语动词。主语They与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且say 所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填saying。

4. a。考查冠词。treat在此作“招待”讲，是可数名词，且表泛指，故前面用a。

5. on。考查介词。play ... trick on sb.表示“捉弄某人”。

6. out。考查副词。pull out意为“挖出”。

7. smelled。考查时态和语态。smell在此作连系动词，意为“闻起来”，不用于被动语态，且结合上文可知用一般过去时，故填smelled。

8. intended。考查省略。than后省略了it was, 故填intended。

9. understanding。考查名词。设空处作had的宾语，且前面有a better修饰，故用名词。

10. that / which。考查关系词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词holiday，且在从句中作主语，故填that / which。

1. of。考查介词。be scared of 意为“害怕”。

2. if。考查连词。设空处引导的是一个表假设的从句，故填if。

3. unlucky。考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰名词people，需用形容词，结合语境可知过敏并不是什么幸运的事，故填unlucky。

4. which。考查关系词。“to +设空处”引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词foods，且设空处作to的宾语，故填which。

5. still。考查副词。由上文及but可知此处表示“你仍需谨慎”，故填still。

6. a。考查冠词。symptom在此作“症状”讲，是可数名词，且表泛指，故填a。

7. to be blocked。考查非谓语动词。cause 后可跟不定式的复合结构，又因block 与airways之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填to be blocked。

8. staying。考查非谓语动词。other than（除了）是短语介词，后接动词-ing形式短语作宾语，故填staying。

9. carefully。考查副词。设空处修饰reading，表示阅读的方式，需用副词，故填carefully。

10. what。考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，表示“给他/她吃的东西”，故填what。

1. located。考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，且locate与island之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填located。

2. a。考查冠词。a type of 意为“一种”。

3. construction。考查名词。设空处作be 的表语，且由a symbolic修饰，故填名词。

4. offers。考查主谓一致。设空处所在句的主语是One，且由语境可知此处用一般现在时，故填offers。

5. who / that。考查关系词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词Guests，且在从句中作主语，故填who / that。

6. receiving。考查非谓语动词。look forward to后接动词-ing形式短语作宾语，故填receiving。

7. Unfortunately。考查副词。非酒店客人是不允许进入的，故用Unfortunately（遗憾地）修饰整个句子。

8. impressive。考查形容词。设空处作表语，且用于“as +形容词原级+ as ...”结构，故填形容词impressive。

9. to take。考查非谓语动词。be sure to do sth. 意为“一定要做某事”。

10. without。考查介词。without a doubt意为“无疑地”。

1. a。考查冠词。law在此作“定律”讲，是可数名词，且表泛指，故前面用a。

2. discovery。考查名词。设空处作宾语，且由this限定，故填名词。

3. who。考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词king，且在从句中作主语，故填who。

4. for。考查介词。ask sb. for sth. 意为“要求某人某事”。

5. any。考查代词。设空处修饰复数名词ideas，且此句表示“阿基米德好几天也想不出任何办法”，故填any。

6. is placed。考查时态和语态。由语境及下文的moves可知that从句所表示的内容是客观事实，用一般现在时，且object与place之间是被动关系，故填is placed。

7. whether。考查连词。设空处引导宾语从句，且由or not提示可知填whether。

8. excited。考查形容词。设空处作表语，说明人的感受，故填excited。

9. shouting。考查非谓语动词。he与shout之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且shout 所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填shouting。

10. to say。考查非谓语动词。由句意可知设空处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。E

1. when。考查连词。be doing ... when ... 是固定结构，表示“正要……突然……”。

2. worse。考查比较等级。由语境可知，作者认为不会发生比摔伤腿更糟的事，故填worse。

3. which。考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词station，且在从句中作主语，故填which。

4. to catch。考查非谓语动词。设空处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。

5. it。考查代词。设空处指时间，故填it。

6. a。考查冠词。fine在此作“罚款”讲，是可数名词，且表泛指，故前面用a。

7. suddenly。考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词started，故用副词。

8. that。考查固定句式。It turns / turned out that ... 是固定句式，意为“结果是……”。

9. in。考查介词。in relief是固定搭配，表示“松了口气”。

10. had got。考查时态。get所表示的动作发生在过去动作realised之前，故用过去完成时。

1. including。考查介词。including用于举例时，须放在它所说明的同位语之前。

2. to persuade。考查非谓语动词。be difficult to do sth. 意为“难做某事”。

3. it。考查代词。设空处作形式宾语，to use their cars是真正的宾语，故填it。

4. who / that。考查关系词。设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词anyone，且在从句中作主语，故填who / that。

5. fixed。考查非谓语动词。设空处作补足语，且fix与card之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填fixed。

6. properly。考查副词。设空处修饰动词control，故填副词。

7. service。考查名词。设空处作use的宾语，且由a special bus修饰限定，指特殊的公共汽车运输服务，故用名词。

8. most important。考查比较等级。由of all可知，在此用形容词最高级。

9. reliable。考查形容词。由and convenient可知，在此填reliable。

10. at。考查介词。at a ... level 意为“在……程度上”。

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