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新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit 9答案

Words of wisdom

Unit

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

Teachin g sugges tions and answer keys Starting point

Work in pairs. Look at the examples of the languages and discuss the questions.

1 Which language is closest to Chinese? Which seems the most different?

I recognize the second is Japanese. It uses many Chinese characters.

2 Think about the languages you don’t recognize. What do you think they are? Can you guess what

continent they come from?

The first language is French written in the Roman alphabet with a system of accents written on a few letters to distinguish different sounds. The third is Russian; the fourth is Korean; the fifth is Georgian (外

高加索语) written in the Mkhedruli alphabet (格鲁吉亚字母).

3 What can you tell from looking at the languages? Can you make out individual sounds or letters?

If you do not know the system it is very difficult to say anything. Some writing systems are based on words, some on syllables and some on sounds, and many are a mixture.

4 Which do you think would be the most difficult to learn? The easiest? The most interesting?

I am familiar with the Roman alphabet and Chinese characters, so the French and Japanese look easier,

but I think that is just a first impression.

Active reading (1)

1 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1 What are some reasons English speakers are interested in learning Chinese?

For business reasons, and interest in Chinese culture.

2 What do you think is difficult for an English speaker who is learning Chinese?

I think what is most difficult is the writing system and the tones.

3 What might be easy?

The grammar is rather straightforward.

4 How many Chinese characters does a foreigner need to learn to be able to read moderately well?

I think to read moderately well in Chinese one needs to learn around 5,000 Chinese characters.

5 To an English speaker, is Chinese grammar more or less difficult than the grammar of European languages?

I think Chinese grammar is less difficult.

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9

Lessons to be learnt

Culture points

Michael Phelps (1985– ) is an American swimmer with 14 Olympic gold medals and a large number of world records. He is often cited as the greatest swimmer and one of the greatest Olympians of all time. Language points

1 … and its government wants every school, college and university to be twinned with an equivalent

institution in China. (Para 2)

The expression to be twinned with an equivalent institution in China means to sign an agreement with a “sister” organization for joint activities.

2 … and my disgraceful strike rate is scarcely 20 characters an hour. (Para 7)

The expression strike rate is one of the statistics used in the sport cricket, which refers to the number of runs scored per 100 balls faced. Here it is used metaphorically to mean success rate.

3 (I just love that “only”) (Para 8)

The expression is used sarcastically of anything one wants to scream about. Here it is the implication in only that learning 5,000 characters is a simple task.

4 So you do the math. (Para 9)

The expression do the math here means to work it out.

5 For me, it’s a fairly basic distinction, but maybe I’m being Ms Picky. (Para 21)

Ms Picky here refers to a difficult fussy person.

6 … I see that some words can function as nouns and as verbs, and others such as guo, ba or le are

called particles, whatever that means, but don’t have an identifiable function in the terms we use to describe language. (Para 22)

In whatever that means, the word that means whatever that term (particles) means. As the term is not used in describing English the writer finds it unhelpful.

Reading and understanding

2 Choose the best way to complete the sentences.

1 The writer is studying Chinese (d).

(a) because she enjoys the challenge

(b) for future job possibilities

(d) for her current job

2 The dominance of English is probably going to decline in the future because (d).

(a) trade with China is becoming more important for many countries

(b) English is not a practical or easy language to learn

(d) of reasons not mentioned in the passage

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

3 Chinese dictionaries are difficult for the writer to use because (a).

(a) the process involves many steps

(b) the words are not arranged in a logical way

(d) the meanings aren’t always accurate

4 The writer is frustrated by Chinese tones because (c).

(a) they are difficult to pronounce

(b) they are too similar

(d) they do not exist in English

5 The writer says that Chinese grammar (b).

(a) is more difficult than English grammar

(b) is easier than the grammar of many European languages

(d) can’t express her true feelings

6 The writer says that a Chinese character (d).

(a) can’t be found in a dictionary

(b) only has a denotational meaning

(d) has a new connotational meaning when combined with other characters

7 The writer compares learning Chinese to doing a crossword puzzle (b).

(a) because the two activities are equally difficult

(b) because both the two activities are enjoyable and interesting

(d) to explain why she is not yet proficient at Chinese

8 The title of the passage refers to (c).

(a) how many lessons the writer has already taken

(b) how many lessons the writer still has to take

(d) worldwide trend of people studying Chinese

3 Match the events with the correct numbers.

1 (d)

2 (c)

3 (h)

4 (b)

5 (g)

6 (a)

7 (e)

8 (f)

Dealing with unfamiliar words

4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 to show something using pictures, diagrams, lists of numbers etc (illustrate)

2 only just; barely (scarcely)

3 to remember ideas or information (retain)

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9

4 to get rid of something that is not wanted or needed (eliminate)

5 a high degree of ability or skill in something (proficiency)

6 as much as is needed; enough (sufficient)

7 a sign, symbol, or picture of something (representation)

5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.

Having a (1) proficiency with Chinese characters was certainly helpful when I studied Japanese – but it was not (2) sufficient. Sure, some of the characters look mostly the same, and the (3) representation of the meaning is similar, but the pronunciation is another story. When the Japanese borrowed the Chinese characters to use in their written language, the characters keep their original Chinese pronunciation.

Of course, the Japanese already had a spoken language, and were not going to (4) eliminate their own words in favour of completely new vocabulary. So each Chinese character came to have an on reading, or Chinese pronunciation, and a kun reading, or Japanese pronunciation. To (5) illustrate, the character 新can be pronounced shin or shim, as in the word 新shimbun (newspaper). But it can also be pronounced atara, as in atarashii (meaning “new”). In addition, many of the Chinese pronunciations have changed over the years, and some I can (6) scarcely recognize. Still, knowing Chinese has been a great help to me in learning to read and write Japanese – and (7) retaining it.

6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.

1 One of the most frustrating parts of learning a foreign language is feeling stupid when you can’t

understand something. (dumb)

2 I have to admit that English spelling is difficult for foreigners to understand. (concede)

3 After I accidentally spilt tea on my painting, the picture was a shape that was difficult to see clearly.

(blurred)

4 I need to read and learn again the vocabulary before the next lesson. (revise)

5 I have a hard time with PowerPoint slides sometimes because it’s difficult for me to manage to control

and arrange both text and images. (manipulate)

6 I don’t think you stop learning when you leave university. Learning should be a continuous process

throughout your life.

I don’t think you stop learning when you leave university. Learning should be an ongoing process

throughout your life.

7 It’s difficult to learn listening and speaking as separate skills. To be good at one, you should work on

both. (isolated)

8 During my speech, I made a terrible and embarrassing mistake when I mispronounced an important

word. (disgraceful)

7 Answer the questions about the words.

1 If you quadruple a recipe, do you make (a) four times as much, or (b) one quarter as much?

2 If you show dominance over someone, are you (a) afraid of them, or (b) in control of them?

3 Is a letter written with subtlety (a) very strong and direct, or (b) polite and indirect?

4 If you speak a foreign language with fluency, do you speak it (a) easily and naturally, or (b) loudly and

confidently?

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

5 Is a person who is literate someone who (a) can speak and understand a foreign language, or (b) is able

to read and write?

6 Is a shortsighted person someone who (a) has difficulty seeing without glasses, or (b) does things in a

careless way?

7 If someone makes an announcement triumphantly, are they speaking (a) proudly and happily, or (b) in

an embarrassed manner?

8 Is a picky person someone who is (a) choosy and difficult to please, or (b) adventurous and open to

new things?

9 Is a word’s denotational meaning (a) a literal meaning or dictionary definition, or (b) a suggested or

implied meaning?

10 If a product is defective, does it (a) not work very well, or (b) solve a new kind of problem?

Reading and interpreting

8 Work in pairs. Look at the sentences from the passage and discuss whether they are formal or informal. If they are informal, identify which features they display.

1 UK exports to China are expected to quadruple by the end of the decade, and its government wants

every school, college and university to be twinned with an equivalent institution in China.

Formal.

2 You’ve heard of the Long March? Well, that is a stroll in the park, compared to what it’s like to learn

Chinese.

Informal, with the use of a question, exaggeration (the Long March was extremely arduous), and the idiomatic expression a stroll in the park (something easy and undemanding), humorously contrasting with the Long March.

3 So, if 1.3 billion Chinese don’t have a problem with their own language, why do dumb foreigners like

me find it so hard to learn?

Informal, with a few features of informal style, eg the use of question, first-person narrative view (like me), colloquial word dumb, and exaggeration (some foreigners do learn Chinese easily and not all Chinese find reading and writing easy).

4 They also say it’s desirable to see and revise a character about seven times in different contexts in order

to retain it and use it productively.

Formal.

5 Well, I suppose so, but only if I was shortsighted, dyslexic or, possibly, drunk.

Informal, with the use of spoken style, first-person narrative view and humour (the idea of the language learner drunk in class trying to see a pig).

6 Have I finished with the bad news? Not yet.

Informal, with the use of question and the first-person narrative view.

7 The tone system means that a single character can have different meanings according to the tone used to

pronounce it.

Formal.

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9 8 Is this so different from English? Well, yes, because by this time, you need to interpret the combination

of characters to understand what it means.

Informal, with the use of question and conversational style.

9 Learning Chinese is like playing chess or doing the crossword. It’s totally absorbing, completely

captivating, and – it’s not the right word, but how else can I say it? – I enjoy myself.

Informal, with the use of question and first-person narrative view.

10 Some statistics suggest that an educated English speaker needs 1,300 hours to achieve a proficiency

corresponding to an educated native speaker of Chinese, while it would only take about 480 hours to

achieve a comparable level in French or Spanish.

Formal.

9 Check (?) the statements you think the writer would agree with.

√ 1 Chinese is the most difficult foreign language for an English speaker to learn.

2 It’s not important for Chinese people to learn English.

√ 3 English speakers need to understand the challenges as well as the benefits of learning Chinese.

√ 4 Language learning can be both pleasurable and frustrating at the same time.

5 A motivated learner is more important than a qualified teacher.

√ 6 Chinese dictionaries need to be improved in order to be more helpful to language learners.

7 The benefits of learning Chinese outweigh the difficulties.

8 Most Chinese speakers are better language learners than most English speakers.

Now work in pairs. Decide which statement best summarizes the main idea of the passage.

I think statement 3 best summarizes the main idea of the passage.

Developing critical thinking

10 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1 What are some reasons that Chinese language is growing in popularity?

China is more engaged with the outside world with more tourists going in and out. New technology

and globalization make it easier for people to know about other cultures. The growth in the Chinese

economy makes it an asset to be able to speak Chinese.

2 In addition to English-speaking countries, what other countries around the world do you predict will

show an increased interest in learning Chinese in the future? Why?

People from our main trading partners will have good reason to learn Chinese. So I predict Chinese

will be taught in France and Germany, also nearer to home, for example, Thailand and South Korea.

3 If English speakers learn the “lessons” of this passage, what should they do with that knowledge?

English learners should prepare for a long and difficult journey if they want to learn Chinese and get a

good teacher, but be assured the eventual rewards will be great.

4 Do you think there should be a “world language” that people learn in addition to their native language?

If so, what should that language be?

? M aybe IT will make reliable, instant translation possible in which case there will be no need for a

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

world language.

? I think there should be a world language, one spoken by a very large number of people in many

different places, some of which are of major intellectual and economic importance.

Talking point

Work in pairs. Present a sketch using only non-verbal communication.

? Choose a situation such as a student arguing with a teacher, a parent scolding a child, two friends fighting, a store clerk accusing a customer of stealing something etc.

? Imagine what the people would say to each other, and how they would be feeling. What kinds of gestures and expressions would they use?

? Act out the situation for the class. Do not use any words! Use only body language, gestures, and facial expressions to communicate. When you finish, the class will guess what the situation was about.

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9

Active reading (2)

1 Look at the title of the passage. Check (?) the statements which you think are likely to be true.

1 Most native English speakers don’t use their computer’s spellchecker.

2 English speakers who can spell well are honoured and respected.

√ 3 English spelling is more irregular than the spelling of other European languages.

4 Most English speakers would like to see spelling reforms.

?Additional?activity

As a warm-up activity, T can ask Ss to think about the following questions.

1 A sk Ss to say what they know of proposals and actions to reform the Chinese writing system (simplified

characters, pin yin etc). This does not have to go far, but will introduce the concept of language reform

and make it easier for Ss to start thinking of how English might be reformed. Dictionary maker Noah

Webster, US lexicographer and writer, created some of the differences between UK and US English

spelling: -our to -or, -re to -er, changing -ence to -ense in defence etc, use single l in inflected forms,

eg traveled, using double l in words like fulfill. A famous mockery of English spelling is the argument

the word fish should be spelled as ghoti (or ghoti pronounced as fish): gh pronounced f in tough + o

pronounced i in women + ti pronounced sh in nation.

2 A sk Ss to nominate the oddest spellings in English (psychology, knife, cough, hiccough, pneumonia,

salmon, receipt, debt, mnemonic, rhythm etc).

3 A sk Ss for commonly misspelled words, and ask them if they can see why. Here are some native

speakers have trouble with: accommodate, because, believe, calendar, column, conscious, coolly,

definite, embarrass, foreign, harass, independent, leisure, pigeon, privilege, queue, weather

The oddest English spellings, or, the future of spelling reform

Background information

Anatoly Liberman (1937– ) is a language scholar now resident in the US. He writes academic studies of Middle English as well as more popular pieces on language issues, such as this passage. His primary interest

has been the history of English words.

Culture points

Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden.

The Tudor dynasty was a prominent European royal house of Welsh origin that ruled the Kingdom of England and its realms from 1485 until 1603, including the much-married Henry VIII and the great Elizabeth

I. The Tudor line failed in 1603 with the death of Elizabeth I of England.

Thames is the large tidal river of southern England upon whose banks London stands.

Henry Cecil Wyld (1870–1945) was an English linguist and lexicographer.

Thomas Lounsbury (1838–1915) was an American literary historian and critic who supported spelling

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

10reform.

Axel Wijk (1902–1979) was a Swedish scholar who suggested ways to regularize English spelling.

By saying The Elizabethan epoch, Middle English, Old English, Proto-Germanic, or even Proto-Indo-European? the writer is moving backwards through the history of English: The Elizabethan epoch was a time associated with Queen Elizabeth I’s reign (1558–1603) and is often considered to be the golden age in English history; Middle English refers to medieval English, used during 11th–15th century; Old English was used during 5th–12th century; Proto-Germanic (原始日耳曼语), the ancestor of modern English, German, Danish, Swedish etc, dated to 500BC; Proto-Germanic is itself descended from Proto-Indo-European (原始印欧语), the ancestor of all Indo-European languages, dated back to thousands of years ago. King Alfred (849–899), sometimes called Alfred the Great, was king of Wessex from 871 to899. He used Old English.

Language points

1 Our civilization has reached a stage at which together we are extremely powerful and in our

individual capacities nearly helpless. (Para 1)

Our use of technology and machines means we can do a great many difficult things, but our individual skills are less than those of people in the past. We can turn on a heater, but we do not know how to make

a fire. We can create wonderful graphics on the computer, but we do not need to know how the computer

does it or develop our own drawing skills.

2 The worst anti-utopias did not predict such a separation between communal omniscience and

personal ignorance, such a complete rift between collective wisdom and individual stultification.

(Para 1)

Anti-utopias are books which predict an unpleasant future for mankind (a famous example is Huxley’s novel Brave New World, a prediction of a world in which people are bred to fit their role in society and brainwashed as children to be content and consume as much as possible, while drugs are used to stop all unpleasantness). The writer feels none of these books accurately predicted the separation between what WE humans collectively can do and what individuals know. He feels we have become more stupid as our society becomes more intelligent.

3 God forbid joining the vilified elite. (Para 2)

Liberman feels people are proud of being unable to spell. People who fuss about correctness are seen as language snobs who nobody would want to be like. God forbid is an expression of distaste. The sentence means that ironically, it is a disgrace to be one of the few who can spell correctly.

4 … especially Finnish are so easy with regard to spelling that it brings tears to one’s eyes. (Para 3)

Brings tears to one’s eyes is an expression used of something so beautiful that it makes one cry for joy, eg Her noodles brought tears to my eyes. Here the sentence means Finnish spelling brings joy and delight to all who experience it.

5 Those who pronounce yit will not allow yet-sayers to have their way. (Para 3)

The expression to have one’s way means to win. The sentence implies that people who use different pronunciations mostly insist they are right, so getting general agreement is impossible.

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9 6 The letter i has different values in divine and divinity, but it makes sense to preserve the unity of

these words in their written form. (Para 3)

As English has around 20 vowel sounds, with only five letters representing them, each letter stands for a number of sounds. Thus each of five letters has different values.

7 The same holds for Oxford is a whole and must be treated as a whole (allegedly pronounced by

someone and viciously misconstrued: hole for whole). (Para 4)

To call a place a hole is to say it is a horrible place of no interest.

8 … while writing whole with initial w, a letter to which no sound has ever corresponded in this word,

is an affront to intelligence. (Para 4)

People who do not support spelling reform argue it is helpful to have whole and hole spelled differently.

Liberman denies this and points out that the w in whole is completely as crazy as the word has never been pronounced with a wh sound.

9 We constantly hope for change and give everybody and everything a chance, even a second chance if

need be, but the line must be drawn somewhere, and we have drawn it at spelling. (Para 5)

English speakers seem open-minded and willing to change, but much to Liberman’s disgust, suddenly when it comes to the question of spelling, change is unacceptable. The idiom draw the line means that although a certain amount of retreat and compromise is acceptable, it cannot go too far – a line has to be drawn where we will stand and fight. In this context, it means many people will fight for the present illogical spelling of English.

Reading and understanding

2 Choose the best answer to the questions.

1 What does the writer say about the state of civilization today?

(a) Changes are happening so rapidly that people cannot understand them.

(b) Individual people do not have as much knowledge as the whole society does.

(d) Education hasn’t been able to keep up with modern technological advances.

2 What point is the writer making about the word syllabus?

(a) Students don’t need to know how to spell it now, because spellcheckers can correct their mistakes.

(b) It can be spelled as either sylabus or syllabus.

(d) The word has changed its spelling over time, so people of different ages spell it differently.

3 What does the writer imply about people today who can spell well?

(a) They are unusual and disliked.

(b) They are unusual but highly respected.

(d) They are unimportant now because of spellcheckers.

4 What does the writer say about the Czech language?

(a) Its spelling is more erratic than English spelling.

(b) It is an easier language to learn than Italian.

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

(d) Its diacritic marks make spelling difficult.

5 What does the writer say about place names?

(a) Their spellings usually derive from a historical figure’s name.

(b) Their spellings should only change if the pronunciation of the names changes.

(d) Their spellings have changed over time and will continue to change.

6 Why have movements to reform spelling not been successful?

(a) Too many people opposed the reforms.

(b) There wasn’t enough funding or government support.

(d) People could see from the example of Russia that spelling reforms don’t work.

Dealing with unfamiliar words

3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.

1 a small group of people who have a lot of power or advantages (elite)

2 to limit or reduce someone’s legal rights or freedom (infringe)

3 a relative of a person who lived in the past (descendant)

4 a situation in which people, groups, or countries join together or agree about something (unity)

5 an experienced political leader that many people respect (statesman)

4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.

1 Winston Churchill was a leading statesman in Britain during the first half of the 20th century.

2 It’s understandable to envy the elite, who seem to have more privileges and opportunities.

3 I will leave my house and land to my descendants when I die.

4 It’s difficult to maintain unity amongst such different groups with different goals.

5 Newspaper reporters have to be careful that they don’t infringe upon the privacy of the people that they

write about.

5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.

1 It is difficult to imagine how much slower communication was during the time period of the telegraph.

(epoch)

2 He worked hard to argue against my claim, but I knew I had the truth on my side. (refute)

3 The manager is supposedly responsible for losing nearly eight per cent of this year’s profits. (allegedly)

4 I was proud to have my article accepted for publication in one of the leading scientific monthly

publications. (journals)

6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

1 Is omniscience the ability to (a) know or see everything possible, or (b) get along easily with a wide

variety of people?

2 If you vilify someone, do you (a) say extremely negative things about them, or (b) help them by giving

them knowledge or teaching them skills?

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9 3 If the flight of a bird is erratic, is it (a) in a straight line for a long distance, or (b) marked by sudden

turns and changes?

4 Is a variant of something (a) a different form or version of it, or (b) a strong criticism of it?

5 If someone misconstrues what you say, do they (a) understand, or (b) misunderstand your meaning ?

6 If you affront someone, do you (a) praise them, or (b) offend them?

7 If you are aghast at the news of something, do you feel (a) extremely pleased, or (b) shocked and upset?

Reading and interpreting

7 Work in pairs. Look at the sentences from the passage and underline the words that seem exaggerated. Then answer the questions.

1 Our civilization has reached a stage at which together we are extremely powerful and in our individual

capacities nearly helpless.

Does the writer view this stage of civilization as positive or negative?

Negative because we have become helpless and stupid as individuals.

2 There is no need to know anything: Given the necessary software, clever machines will do all the work

and leave us playing video games and making virtual love.

Do you think the writer believes this is really true? Do you believe it?

No, the writer uses exaggeration to attract attention. I don’t believe it either. Machines have a long way to go before they can do everything. Most of us still work hard.

3 Although a spellchecker does not know the difference between principle and principal, and the horror of

lose versus loose / choose …

Is the writer being humorous or serious?

The writer is being both humorous and serious. He thinks people’s laziness over spelling is bad, but he exaggerates. There are many things far worse in this world than spelling mistakes.

4 Conservative spellers were aghast. If we change traditional rules, we will lose our ties with history.

What does the writer believe about the connection between spelling and historical ties?

The writer ridicules the conservatives and regards their argument as a bad one and the ties not so important.

Developing critical thinking

8 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1 Does English spelling make it a more difficult language to learn?

I suppose when you meet a new word you often are not sure how to pronounce it and have to look in

a dictionary. But English dictionaries are not difficult to use. I have not personally found the spelling

troublesome. Rules of grammar and tenses worry me more.

2 British and American English have some well-known different spellings, such as the British centre,

colour, travelled, and organise versus the American center, color, traveled, and organize. Do you think these differences are confusing? Should they be changed?

It would be nice if there were one system only, but as the writer comments people are reluctant to give up their ways, and I doubt if the British or Americans will agree to give up their own way of spelling.

Anyway, I find it only a minor problem.

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

3 Who should be responsible for spelling reform – dictionary makers, academics, or the government etc?

All three need to cooperate. The Government can set up a committee of academics and then pass on its ideas to publishers for discussion and implementation. Without leadership I do not think you could ever get academics or publishers to agree. You also need the assistance of the education system. But this can only happen when languages and national borders coincide. With English the situation seems far more complicated. Perhaps one day a spelling reform will start in one place and be so good that it becomes a fashion and sweeps the world, but I doubt it.

Talking point

Work in pairs. Take turns reading verses of the poem aloud.

Note: Spellcheckers do not allow non-words, but pay no attention to meaning. Thus you may end up with

a nonsense poem as that in the Student’s Book, in which every word is correct but often not the word

needed / intended.

Now rewrite the poem with the correct words.

I have a spelling checker

It came with my PC

It plainly marks for my review

Mistakes I cannot see.

I strike a key and type a word

And wait for it to say

Whether I am wrong or right

It shows me straight away.

As soon as a mistake is made

It knows before too long

And I can put the error right

It’s rarely ever wrong.

I have run this poem through it

I am sure you’re pleased to know

Its letter perfect all the way

My checker told me so.

–source unknown

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9

Language in use

there + be + nothing for it but …

1 Rewrite the sentences using there + be + nothing for it but …

1 I’m planning to live in South America for the next two years, so I guess I will have to learn Spanish.

I’m planning to live in South America for the next two years, so I guess there’s nothing for it but to learn Spanish.

2 I failed the exam, and my teacher says that it’s necessary for me to take it again.

I failed the exam, and my teacher says that there’s nothing for it but to take it again.

3 By the time we got to the theatre, the concert had already started and we couldn’t get in, so we had to

turn around and go home.

By the time we got to the theatre, the concert had already started and we couldn’t get in, so there was nothing for it but to turn around and go home.

4 Because I wasn’t earning enough money at my job, I was forced to take a second job on the weekend.

Because I wasn’t earning enough money at my job, there was nothing for it but to take a second job on the weekend.

5 My computer crashed and I lost my essay, so I wrote it again.

My computer crashed and I lost my essay, so there was nothing for it but to write it again.

only if

2 Rewrite the sentences using only if.

1 I don’t like drinking soda water. However, if I were dying of thirst in the desert, I would drink it.

I would drink soda water only if I were dying of thirst in the desert.

2 The only way I could marry you is if you were the last man on earth.

I would marry you only if you were the last man on earth.

3 I don’t like to jog. Someone would have to run behind me and beat me with a stick to make me do it.

I would jog only if someone ran behind me and beat me with a stick to make me do it.

4 I don’t like watching romantic comedies, but I watch them when my girlfriend begs me.

I watch romantic comedies only if my girlfriend begs me.

5 I don’t like dogs. However, if someone paid me, I would take care of one.

I would take care of a dog only if someone paid me.

(quite) a few / a little

3 Rewrite the sentences using (quite) a few / a little.

1 Our teacher said we had to write a ten-page essay about the book we read. That’s very long for a book

report.

Our teacher said we had to write a ten-page essay about the book we read. That’s quite a few pages for a book report.

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

2 In the summer, temperatures in Hangzhou can reach 42 degrees. That’s too hot for me.

In the summer, temperatures in Hangzhou can reach 42 degrees. That’s quite a little too hot for me.

3 If you are not surrounded by city lights, it’s possible to see around 6,000 stars at night without a

telescope. That’s a lot of stars.

If you are not surrounded by city lights, it’s possible to see around 6,000 stars at night without a

telescope. That’s quite a few stars.

4 In 2008, there were about 93,000 scheduled airline flights per day. That’s a large number of flights.

In 2008, there were about 93,000 scheduled airline flights per day. That’s quite a few flights.

5 Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to say a lot of words about the topic of global warming.

Ladies and gentlemen, I’d like to say a few words about the topic of global warming.

Collocations

4 Complete the sentences with suitable expressions from the box. Sometimes more than one collocation

is possible.

1 It is believed that the meeting will help promote understanding between the two countries.

2 It is difficult to carry on a conversation with all this noise around us.

3 Stress at work can often be carried over into your home life.

4 The Department of Education has launched a(n) advertising campaign aimed at immigrants who want to

learn English.

5 Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviours such as poor eating habits, which in turn increase

the risk of heart disease.

6 It took him the whole evening to pack all his personal belongings.

7 The anti-smoking campaign is aimed at teenagers to warn them of the dangers of tobacco.

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9

5 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.

You’ve heard of the Long March? Well, that is a stroll in the park, compared to what it’s like to learn Chinese.

So, if 1.3 billion Chinese don’t have a problem with their own language, why do dumb foreigners like me find it so hard to learn?

First of all, learning thousands of characters is a chore, and there’s nothing for it but to learn them by heart. Even using a dictionary has its own set of problems. For example, how do you look up the meaning of a character? I’ve spent hours trying to match what I think is the radical with the list in the middle of my Chinese-English dictionary, then hunting down the character matched with its pinyin

(Roman alphabet) equivalent, then turning to the dictionary entry itself, and looking for the character and eliminating all those with inappropriate meanings until I find the right one. It takes a lot of patience, it can be very disappointing, and my disgraceful strike rate is scarcely 20 characters an hour.

Language experts estimate that you “only” need to learn 5,000 characters to be literate. (I just love that “only”!) They also say it’s desirable to see and revise a character about seven times in different contexts in order to retain it and use it productively.

So you do the math.（? Tips: 这段话在句型上并不复杂，但要注意一些词的翻译，如 chore, hours, disgraceful, productively等，要根据上下文的意思译成适当的汉语。另外，为了译出原文的意思，可以适当加词，如“不值一提”，“要花多少时间”等。）

你听说过万里长征吗？和学汉语相比，那简直就是在公园里漫步，不值一提。

既然13亿中国人在学汉语时没有什么问题，那么为什么像我这样的笨老外会觉得汉语这么难学呢？

首先，学习几千个汉字就是一件苦差事，除了把它们牢记在心之外，没有别的办法。甚至在查字

典的时候也会碰到一堆问题。比如说，你怎么才能在字典里查到一个字的意思呢？为此我曾经花

了很多时间。首先我要确定这个词的偏旁部首，然后在我的汉英词典中的部首表里找到这个部

首，然后再按照边旁部首找到配有拼音（罗马字母）的这个词，然后再查找字词条，找那个字，

把那些意思不对的统统排除，直到找到那个正确的为止。这个过程需要很大的耐心，会让人灰心

丧气。说起来很丢人，我自己查汉字的速度每小时还不到20个字。

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

据语言专家估计，你“只”需要掌握5,000个汉字就能读写汉语了（我太喜欢这个“只”字了）。

他们还说要记住一个字并且能够灵活运用，最好要在不同的语境下看到并温习这个字大概7次。要花多少时间，你自己算吧。

6 Translate the paragraphs into English.

20年来，一直有人认为简体字是激进的汉语改革的产物，不能保留传统文化的精华。在他们看来，那么多中国人读不懂繁体字是一件可耻的事情。有些人甚至认为简体字是一个有缺陷的语言系统，用简体字使中国人变笨了，中华文明已经到了紧要关头，必须用繁体字才能拯救我们的民族文化。

但是这些提倡恢复繁体字的人并不能提出足够的理由来支持他们的观点。他们还忘记了重要的一点：繁体字太复杂，在中国古代，这在受过良好教育和没受过教育的人之间造成了巨大的鸿沟，而简体字则让上亿的中国人识了字，并在一定程度上模糊了受过教育的精英和普通大众之间的界限。如果我们重新启用繁体字, 可能会侵害到大多数人受教育的权利，破坏中国社会的团结。

(retain; disgraceful; defective; reach a / the stage where; rift; literate; blur; elite; infringe on)

In the last couple of decades, there have always been people who believe that simplified characters, a product of the radical reform of Chinese language, fail to retain the essence of our traditional culture.

From their point of view, it’s disgraceful that so many Chinese cannot read traditional characters. Some even argue that simplified characters are a defective system of language and using them makes Chinese people dumb, and that our civilization has reached a stage where we have to go back to traditional Chinese characters to save our national culture in decline.

But those in favor of traditional characters are unable to provide sufficient evidence for their assertions.

They also forget an important point: In ancient China the complexity of traditional characters created

a rift between the educated and the uneducated, while the simplified characters had helped hundreds of

millions of people become literate, and to a certain extent blurred the boundaries between the educated elite and the ordinary public. If we went back to traditional characters, it would be very likely to infringe on the majority’s right to education and damage the unity of Chinese society.

Reading across cultures

Preserving the Icelandic Language

1 Read the passage and answer the questions.

1 What languages is Icelandic most closely related to?

Norwegian and Faroese.

2 Why can Icelandic people read texts of Old Norse?

Because Icelandic has not changed much and is closer to Old Norse than the other Scandinavian languages.

3 Why was the Icelandic Language Committee formed?

To protect the purity of the language.

Words?of?wisdom?Unit 9 4 What does the Icelandic Language Institute do?

To advise on language matters and create new words as they are needed for communication.

5 How are new Icelandic words created?

They are created in various ways from the existing word stock of Icelandic so as to maintain the language’s purity, for example, by giving old words new meanings, formed from parts of existing words, or combing two existing words.

6 What are some modern threats to the purity of the Icelandic language?

The speed of globalization and rise of computer technology are making the task more difficult.

2 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.

1 What are some loanwords that have become common in Chinese? What languages did they originally

come from?

There are some loanwords that have become popular in Chinese, for example, jiuba (bar), kele (cola), katong (cartoon), ku (cool), disike (disco), yimeier (email), hanbao bao (hamburger), oukai (okay), pai (pie), sanmingzhi (sandwich), tuokouxiu (talk show). They seem to come for the great part from English.

2 What types of words typically become loanwords in Chinese – names of food, words related to

technology etc?

I think most come from popular culture, especially music and food.

3 Do you think Chinese should continue to accept loanwords, or create new Chinese words?

? I think we should struggle to keep our language pure.

? I don’t really like too many loanwords, but I think trying to control language is impractical so we must simply accept what people want to say.

? We should welcome loanwords. They will soon become thoroughly Chinese.

4 Can you think of a foreign loanword, and then create a new Chinese word that means the same thing?

(Open to Ss’ own imagination and creation.)

Guided writing

Writing a humorous personal essay

1 Work in pairs. Think of several topics that would be suitable for a humorous personal essay. Decide which topic is the most interesting.

Some topic are more likely to e suitable for a humorous personal essay, for example, learning dancing, a martial art, riding a bicycle, fishing, playing golf, doing chemistry experiments, cookery.

Unit 9?Words?of?wisdom

02 Complete the chart with information about the passage Lessons to be learnt and your own anecdotes.

Lessons to be learnt My personal essay

Background

information

Working in China, so wanting to learn

Chinese

Suffers because of inability to swim

Main events

of the experience

? trouble with characters and dictionaries

? inability to recognize a house in the

character jia

? trouble with tones

? trouble with terminology and grammar

? trouble with Chinese connotational

meanings

? a dawning sense of pleasure and

possibility

? embarrassment of being unclothed

? early disasters when learning

? slow progress

? sudden breakthrough

Conclusion /

Main point

An English speaker needs a lot of patience

and perseverance to learn Chinese, but it is

worthwhile.

Do not be afraid of learning to swim /

Swimming is not so difficult as it seems

to be.

3 Write a humorous personal essay about a learning experience. Use self-deprecating humour and exaggeration.

Example:

“Coming down the pool with us?” I seemed to be asked this question a thousand times in my first few weeks of university. It was hard to think of good excuses to turn down these kind invitations. People would probably not believe I was allergic to water. If I said my parents had drowned when I was young, people might avoid me as psychologically troubled, and anyway when my parents eventually turned up for graduation it would look odd. The one thing I could not tell them was I could not swim. In my part of the world there were practically no swimming opportunities and no one thought about it, but here it seemed to be assumed every normal person could swim. But I could not.

I decided to learn. How hard could it be? Fish did not look particularly intelligent to me, so if they could do it, surely I, a university student, could. I took lessons. One of the first terrors of learning to swim is that you have to take most of your clothes off. Suddenly, I didn’t like my white skinny self – especially not when next to my tanned muscular tutor. The first thing he did was to lie to me. He told me people naturally float. I didn’t. I sank like lead to the bottom of the pool and was only saved from a watery grave with a great deal of effort.

I had ten lessons. How I dreaded each one. A race horse on land, I became a one-legged hippo (河马) in the water. I splashed and spluttered and made a fool of myself. If any fish had been by to see me, they would have cried with laughter. My tutor must have despaired of me and perhaps considered moving to the Gobi Desert so he could forget the entire experience.

But then suddenly the miracle happened. I was swimming, smoothly and naturally through the water. I had taken to swimming like … well, like a duck to water. I have never looked back. I just smile coolly when

大学英语综合教程1课后习题答案

Unit 1 Part Ⅱ Reading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2. 1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out. 3. 1)reputation; rigid; to inspire 2)and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3)compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱviolating Ⅲ;in upon Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze back; tedious; scanned; recall; vivid; off and on; turn out/in; career ; surprise; pulled; blowing; dressed; scene; extraordinary; image; turn; excitement ⅡTranslation As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of /get rid of his bad habits of smoking before it took hold. 3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Part ⅡReading Task Vocabulary Ⅰ1. 1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2. 1)in the examination was still on his mind. 2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game. 3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner. 4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time. 5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at﹩2 million. 3. 1)were postponed; the awful; is estimated 2)reference; not available; am kind of 3)not much of a teacher; skips; go ahead Ⅱ;on Ⅲor less of/sort of 4. kind of/sort of 5. more or less 6. or something Comprehensive Exercises ⅠCloze up; awful; practically; neighborhood; correspondence; available; destination; reunion; Mostly; postponing; absolutely ; savings; embarrassment; phone; interrupted; touch; envelope; signed; message; needed ⅡHalf an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by

新编大学英语综合教程1-unit4

Unit 4 Fresh Start In-Class Reading Fresh Start 新的开端 1当我父母开车离去，留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时，我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。我打定主意：竖起耳朵，闭上嘴巴，但愿别人不知道我是新生。 2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室，大步走了进去。然而，进了教室，我又碰到了一个难题。坐哪儿呢？犹豫再三，我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课，”教授开始上课。天哪，我还以为这里是文学课呢！我的脖子后面直冒冷汗，摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室，却走错了教学楼。 4怎么办？上课途中就站起来走出去？教授会不会生气？大家肯定会盯着我看。算了吧。我还是稳坐在座位上，尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。 5下了课我觉得有点饿，便赶忙去自助食堂。我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去，就在这时，我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。手中的托盘倾斜了，我失去了平衡。就在我屁股着地的刹那间，我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过，然后终止在大学上课的第一天。 6摔倒后的几秒钟里，我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。但是，食堂里所有的学生都站了起来，鼓掌欢呼，我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景，而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。 7接下来的三天里，我独自品尝羞辱，用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。到了第四天，我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。于是我去了食堂。 8我好不容易排队取了食物，踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候，我对他满怀同情。他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂，可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。就在那一刻，我意识到我把自己看得太重了。

大学英语综合教程答案

3.Many products for sale seem to scream at us, "Buy me! Buy me!" Advertising is a big busin ess in our world with many products competing for our attention. Think of the last time you boug ht clothes. You probably noticed the variety of colors, patterns, fabrics and brands you could choo se from. Which kind of soft drink would you like to have today or what kind of computer do you want? Advertisers are skilled in the art of making their products look the best to appeal to our se nses. But products aren't always what they seem. Sometimes advertising is deceptive and as cons umers ,we must be careful about what we choose to buy. It is important to learn to compare prod ucts and identify our purpose in purchasing the things we need. But the good thing about advertising is that it helps people to make decisions and refine thei r choices. In the United States, the Ad Council creates timely public service messages to the nation. Th eir purpose is to raise awareness of public problems that citizens can respond to. Inspiring ads ca use individuals to take action and even save lives. Pollution in America, for example has been red uced over the years because of the creative Public Service advertisements that the council provid es" Please, please don't be a litter bug, 'cause every 'litter bit' hurts." Many families have taught t heir children to place litter in the trash can in response to this catchy phrase, which has affected g enerations as each succeeding generation has taught their children not to litter. 4.Nature imposes difficult conditions upon the earth from time to time . The tornado and fo rest fire destroy natural resources ,homes and other structures ,and very often harm or kill peopl e . Technological tragedies happen with little or no warning as we see trains crash and airplanes f all from the sky shortly after take-off. As tragic as calamities are , they seem to bring out the best in human nature . people trained in em ergency care arrive at the scene and begin assisting the inj ured .Others come with equipment to remove debris. Men , women ,and young people willingly c ome to the scene of an accident , hoping to be of help in some way . These selfless acts of kindne ss make our world a better place . compassion eases the wounds of calamities. American Airlines flight number 587 crashed less than three minutes after taking off from JF K Airport in New York in November,2001. Witnesses s aw an engine fire develop on the plane’s nu mber one engine located under the left wing of the aircraft .seconds later ,the airliner crashed int o eight homes ,completely destroying four of them .All 260 people aboard the airplane were kille d along with six people at the crash site ,leaving many people to mourn the loss of their loved on es .the residents (people who live in the area of the crash ) rallied together to comfort those griev ing, while others removed bodies from the wreckage and did the necessary clean-up. 工程实施困难的条件下在地上的时候。龙卷风和森林火灾破坏自然资源,房屋和其他建筑物,和经常伤害或杀死人。技术的悲剧发生在很少或没有预警,因为我们看到火车事故,飞机起飞后不久就从天空坠落。一样悲惨的灾难,他们似乎显示出人性中最好的。在急诊受训的人到达现场并开始帮助受伤的人则跟设备清除残骸。男人,女人,和年轻人自愿来到事故现场,希望能有帮助。这些无私的善举让我们的世界变得更美好。同情减轻灾害的伤口。美国航空公司587号航班坠毁不到三分钟后从纽约肯尼迪机场起飞,11月2001。目击者看到一个引擎火灾发展在飞机上的1号引擎位于下飞机的左翼,接着后,客机坠毁八家,完全摧毁了四个260名乘客的飞机遇难连同6人在事故现场,造成许多人悼念失去的亲人,居民(住在崩溃的面积)聚集在一起,安慰那些悲伤,而另一些人则从残骸,并把尸体移走必要的清理。 5.Success can be reached in different ways by people in different careers. Bill Gates began at age to program computers,His vision for personal computing has been central to the success of M icrosoft Corporation, the company he founded with his childhood friend in 1975 . The former CEO of General Electric, Jack Welch, is a business legend. A famous quote by Mr. Welch is,” Chang before you have to. ”He believes in leading by example and encourages his empl oyees to do their best every day. Michael Jordan s aid,”I accept failure, but I can’t accept not trying.” He is one of the best athl etes to ever play team sports. His great smile, athletic achievements, and pleasant personality ha ve made him one of the most famous athletes in the world. Michael Jordan spent a lot of time pla ying basketball as a child but in senior middle school he was taken off the team . Instead of giving up , he worked through adversity and became the greatest basketball player yet .

新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案(全)

2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→ especially

necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake ea sily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many h igh → highly a pparently → apparent r emarkably → remarkable p robable → probably No Mistake (III)Grammar Task 1: (1)would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can’t (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1)We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2)On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3)When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4)To write well, a person must read good books. (IV)Cloze (1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim (7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as (13) because (14) individual (V)Translation 1. Translate the sentences (1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. (2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.

新编大学英语综合教程3第三版unit9music

1. Complete each of the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word in brackets. 1. (attention) Correct answer inattention 2. (qualify) Correct answer qualified Correct answer Navigation 4. Correct answer participants 5. Correct answer unconscious 6. Correct answer competence 7. Correct answer inequalities 8. morning. (request) Correct answer

requested 9. Correct answer varied 10. Correct answer partners 2. Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate preposition or adverb. 11. Correct answer in 12. Correct answer of 13. Correct answer to 14. accident. Correct answer at 15. Correct answer beyond 16.

Your answer Correct answer from from 17. Your answer Correct answer to to 18. Your answer Correct answer on on 19. Your answer Correct answer in in Your answer Correct answer On On 3. Complete each of the following sentences by choosing the best answer from the choices given. 21. The buses, ___________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of which B. both of which C. few of them D. those of which 22. There's only one man ____________ the job. A. qualified for

大学英语综合教程答案

Key to Exercises Opener Mary is thinking of getting a tattoo tomorrow afternoon. She asks Mel to join her, but Mel cannot because she has to work tomorrow. And then Mary invites Mel to go to a party tomorrow night. Mel hesitates at first, but finally decides to go with Mary. They will meet at eight o’clock. Abbreviation Meaning 1. TGIF Thank God it’s Friday 2. AMA Ask me anything 3. OMG Oh my God! 4. YOLO You only live once 5. FOMO Fear of missing out 6. FYI For your information 7. LOL Laugh out loud 8. TBH To be honest 9. PPL People 10. ETA Estimated time of arrival Transcript: A: Hey, Mary. B: Hey, Mel. A: TGIF.

B: TGIF. A: Mel, I need some advice on something. B: AMA A: Yeah, thanks. I’m thinking of getting a tattoo. B: OMG! Really Are you serious A: Well, YOLO. B: That’s true. A: Well. B: When are you going to do it A: I’m thinking tomorrow afternoon. Do you want to come B: Oh, I’d love to come, but I’ve got to work tomorrow. Oh, major FOMO. A: What a shame! B: Yeah, A: Well, FYI, there’s a party tomorrow night. And if you are not busy, you can come to that instead. B: I’m not busy, but TBH I really need to take it easy this weekend. A: What That’s so not like you. B: LOL, that’s true. A: Party is in Hackney Wick. It’s gonna be good, good music, good PPL. B: Oh, major FOMO again. Oh, what the hell Yes, why not I’ll go.

综合教程1课后答案

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新编大学英语综合教程1-unit1

Unit 1 Personal Relationship In-Class Reading The Gift of Life 以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而它们却落在了一所由传教士办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，双腿被炸伤了。 3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。医疗小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。显然，如果不立即采取行动，她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要匹配的血型。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适。而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有匹配的血型。 5 医生会讲一点越南语，护士会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。然后他们问孩子们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字？” 8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。 10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴还是摇了摇头。 13 但现在，偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。他紧紧地闭着眼睛，用拳头堵住嘴，想竭力忍住哭泣。 14 医疗小组此时非常担忧，因为针不会使他们的小输血者一直感到疼痛。一定是哪里出了问题。恰好这时，一名越南护士前来帮忙。看到小男孩在哭，她用越南话很快地问他原因。听了小男孩的回答后，又立即作了回答。护士一边说，一边俯身轻轻拍着小男孩的头，她的声音亲切柔和。 15 一会儿，小男孩不再哭了，他睁开眼睛，用质疑的目光看着越南护士。护士点了点头，小男孩的脸上马上露出了宽慰的神色。 16 越南护士抬起头平静地对两名美国人说: “他以为自己快死了。他误解了你们。以为你们要他献出所有的血，小女孩才能活下来。” 17 “那他为什么还愿意这么做呢?”海军护士问。 18 越南护士把这个问题向小男孩重复了一遍。小男孩简单地回答道: “她是我的朋友。” 19 他为了朋友甘愿献出自己的生命，没有比这更伟大的爱了。

大学英语综合教程答案

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全新版大学英语综合教程教案

Teaching Planning College English Integrated Course Book Three Unit Two The Freedom Givers Zhong wen 1.Background Information Teacher: zhong wen Students: 56 sophomores Content of the textbook: unit-2 text A the Freedom Givers Textbook: foreign language teaching and research press Time duration：10 minutes 2.Textbook Analysis The author tells three stories about the Underground Railroad and early Black civil rights movement. The three stories are chosen because they are representative of all participants in this movement: John Parke r is a freed slave who later turned into a courageous “conductor”; Levi Coffin is a brave white “conductor”; Josiah Henson is a slave who struggled his way to freedom with the help of the Underground Railroad. We learn about the name of Josiah Henson at the beginning of the text, yet his full story is not told until the last part. In this way the author achieves coherence of text. 3.Students Analysis The class is made up of 56 students, with 30 girls and 26 boys ,who have a good knowledge of Basic English, but know very little about the American culture behind the language. So in this introduction part, It is necessary to introduce some background information to the students before reading 4.Teaching Objectives Students will be able to: 1.understand the main idea(early civil-rights struggles in the US, esp. the underground Railroad) 2.grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text, 3.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit 4.Appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer (comparison and contrast, topic sentence followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices,etc.); 5.Teaching Procedures: Greetings Step 1 Lead-in T: Today we are going to talk about the ethic heroes in American history, before the class, I’d like to introduce the slavery to all of you. T: Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States, during his term of office; he led the civil war and abolished the slavery. T: In the battle against slavery, not only did the president try his best to abolish this system, but also the people, especially the black people living in the South America try hard to fight for their own feat. Today, we will introduce some freedom givers in the American history. Before