新概念英语第一册笔记81-90

新概念英语第一册笔记Lesson 81 I had…

一、单词讲解

1、breakfast

breakfast n.早饭

have breakfast 吃早饭

2、haircut

haircut n. 理发

have one’s haircut

keep your hair on 别发火，保持冷静hairbrush 发刷

hair dresser 理发师

hairpin 发夹

hairstyle 发型

straight hair 直发

wavy hair 卷发

3、party

party

1）n. 聚会

a birthday party

2）n. 党派

eg.She is a member of the Communist Party.

4、holiday

holiday n. 假日

vacation n. 度假winter/summer holiday/vacation 寒假/暑

假

二、语法

have可以代替常用动词，表示eat, enjoy,

experience, drink, take 等意义。

have a cigarette! 抽根烟吧！（have = smoke）

I’m having a drink. 我在喝酒。（have = drink）

We had lunch together today. 我们今天一起

吃了午饭。（have= eat）

当have不表示“有”而表示其他意思时，其用

法和英语中的其他动词相同，即：在疑问句

和否定结构中，have的一般现在时和一般过

去时形式必须用do, does 和did.

Do you have milk in your tea? 你喝茶加牛奶

吗？

I don’t have milk in my tea. 我喝茶不加牛奶。

Did you have a nice holiday?你的假日过得愉

快吗？

I didn’t have a nice holiday. 我的假日过得不

愉快。

Does he have lessons on Friday? 他在周五上

课吗？

你今天早饭吃的是什么？（have…for

breakfast 早饭吃的是…）

What did you have for breakfast?

我吃了一个鸡蛋，一片面包，喝了一杯牛奶。

I had an egg, a piece of bread and a glass of

milk.

昨天晚上我与我的女朋友吃了一顿饭。

I had a meal with my girlfriend yesterday

evening.

你前天玩得高兴吗？

Did you have a good time the day before

yesterday?

你昨天什么时候与她一起喝茶的？

When did you have a tea with her yesterday?

你上周在哪儿度的假？

Where did you have your holiday last week?

Lesson 83 Going on holiday

一、单词讲解

1、mess

mess

1）n. 杂乱或乱的状态（通常用单数）

eg.This kitchen’s a mess! 厨房杂乱无章。

eg.You’ve made a mess of the job. 你把工作

搞得一团糟。

eg.Get cleaned up! You two are a mess! 收拾

一下吧！你们俩可真邋遢！

2）v. 弄脏，弄乱

eg.Don’t mess my hair. 别弄乱我的头发。

messy adj. 凌乱的

a messy room

tidy 整洁的

untidy 不整洁的

2、pack

pack v. 包装，打包，装箱

eg.All these books need to be packed into the boxes.所有这些书都需要打包到那些箱子里。eg. This dress packs easily. 这件连衣裙易于装箱。

packer 包装机，包装工人，包装公司package n. 包裹

3、suitcase

suitcase n. 手提箱

pack the suitcase 整理行囊

briefcase 公文包

a dress suit 晚礼服

a space suit 宇航服

a diving suit 潜水服

4、leave

leave

1）v. 离开

eg.It’s time for us to leave.

eg.It’s time for sb to do…某人该做某事的时间到了。

leave a place for another place 离开….动身去….

eg.The plane leaves Guangzhou for Shanghai at 12：35.飞机于12时35分自广州飞往上海2）让某事（某物）处于某种状态（leave +adj.）

eg. Leave the door open, please.

3）忘带某物

eg.I left my umbrella on the bus.

4）n. 假期

sick leave 病假

5、already

already adv. 己经

eg.The teacher was already in the classroom

when I arrived. 当我到达的时候，老师己经在

教室里了。

eg.She had already left when I phoned. 我打

电话时她早走了。

二、课文讲解

现在完成时

用途：

表示在过去不确定的时间里发生的并与现在

有着某种联系的动作。

表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作。

结构：

肯定形式：主语+ have/ has + 动词的过去分

词

否定形式：haven’t （have not）/ hasn’t （has

not）

疑问句：把助动词have/ has 放在句首。

过去分词：

1）规则变化与过去式一样，在词尾加ed,变

化规则与过去式的变化规则一样。

原形过去式过去分词

-wait waited waited

-regret regretted regretted

-type typed typed

-fly flied flied

-empty emptied emptied

2）不规则变化（过去分词与不规则动词的过

去式的形式相同）

原形过去式过去

分词

-make made made

-find found found

-spend spent spent

3）不规则变化（过去分词与过去式不一样）

原形过去式

过去分词

-take took

taken

-speak spoke

spoken

-sing sang

sung

4）不规则变化（过去分词，过去式，与动词

原形一样）

-cut cut cut put put put let let let

与现在完成时连用的时间状语：

already 己经（一般用于肯定句中，在表惊讶语气时也用于疑问句中）

yet 还（用于否定句和疑问句中）

just 刚刚

recently 最近

so far 到目前为止

for 持续…时间

since 自从…

注意：现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, ago, last.

1)I have worked in the company for two years.

我己经在这个公司工作两年了。

Have you worked in the company for two years?

Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t.

2)He has already come here. 他己经来了。（来的动作发生在过去，但对现在的影响是他己经在这了。）

Has he come here yet?

Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t.

He hasn’t come here yet.

3）They have finished the work.

（“完成工作”这个动作发生在过去某个时间，与现在的联系是这项工作己经结束了。）4）Her parents have lived in China since 1985.

自从1985年，他的父母就住在中国了。

（“住”这个动作发生在过去，但它并没有结

束持续到现在或将来）

5）Mr. Jackson has seen this film. Jackson 先

生己经看过这部电影了。

（看电影的动作发生在过去某个不确定的时

间，但与现在联系是他己经了解剧情了或不

想再看了。）

现在完成时与一般过去时的比较

1.一般过去时强调过去某个特定时间发生

的动作或存在的状态。

2.现在完成时表达在过去不确定的时间所

发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。这

个动作也许到现在己经结束，也许还要继

续下去。

例句：

I had my breakfast at 8：00 this morning.我

今天早上8：00吃的早饭。

（过去的时间今天早8：00吃饭这个动作发

生了，强调某个时间发生某个动作）

I have had my breakfast. 我己经吃过早饭了。

（过去不确定的时间里，发生某个动作，对

现在的影响，即吃早饭的动作发生在过去什

么时候，对现在的影响是我己经饱了或我不

想再吃饭了。）

He bought a new skirt last week. 他上周买了

一条裙子。

（强调上周的某个时间发生了买裙子的这个

动作））

He has bought a new skirt. 他己买了一条新

裙子。

（强调现在己经有新裙子。）

They lived in that city last year. 他们去年住在

那个城市里。

（这个动作己经结束了，他们现在不住在那

个城市里。）

They have lived in that city for 10 years. 他们

己经住在那个城市里面10年了。（住这个动

作未结束，现在依然住在那个城市）

She saw the film with her family last night. 她

昨晚和她的家人看了这部电影。

（强调昨晚看电影这个行为。）

She has seen the film with her family. 她和她

的家人己经看过这部电影了。

（看电影这个动作发生在过去某个时间，对

现在的影响是他们己经知道这部电影的剧情

了。）

一般现在时，过去时与现在完成时的比较

例句：

He does his homework everyday. 他每天都做

作业。

（强调习惯性动作）

He did his homework yesterday evening. 他昨

天晚上做作业了。

（强调昨天晚上这个特定时间发生了做作业的这个动作。）

He has done his homework.他己经做完作业。（强调现在的结果是他己经完成作业了。）Mother prepares dinner for us every day. 母亲每天都为我们准备晚餐。

（习惯性动作）

Mother prepared dinner for us yesterday evening. 母亲昨晚为我们准备晚餐了。（强调昨天晚上的特定时间发生的动作。）

Mother has prepared dinner for us. 母亲己经做晚饭了。

（强调现在的结果是饭己经做好了，可以吃了。）

Question：Where did Sam go for his holiday this year?

Hello, Sam. Come in.

come in 祈使句，表示请求或命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句中主语you常不出现，谓语动词用原形。

Hi, Sam. We’re having lunch. Do you want to have lunch with us?

We’re having lunch.现在进行时，表示目前正进行的动作。have lunch 吃午饭

want to do 想要做…

I want to have a bath. 我想要洗澡。

with 和某人（某物）在一起

I live with my parents. 我和我的父母住在一

起。

I am with my family now. 我现在和我的家人

在一起

No, thank you. Tom. I’ve already had lunch. I

had lunch at half past twelve.

I’ve alrea dy had lunch. （表示我己经吃过午饭

了，对现在的影响是我不想再吃了。

already 己经（一般放在助动词的后面）

She has already arrived the bus stop. 她己经

到了公共汽车站。

I had lunch at half past twelve. 一般过去时，

强调在12点半这个特定的过去时间点发生

的动作，此处是指吃午饭这个动作。

Have a cup of coffee then.

祈使句

then 那么

I’ve just had a cup, tha nk you. I had one after

my lunch.

just 刚刚，现在完成时

a cup 省略了of coffee

one 代词，代替coffee

after 在…之后after school/work 放学

后/下班后

Let’s go into the living room, Carol. We can

have our coffee there.

Let’s go … 祈使句Let’s 是Let us 的缩写。

go into 走进反义词是go out of

have our coffee喝咖啡（have = drink）

Excuse the mess, Sam. This room’s very untidy.

Excuse the mess. 房间很乱，请原谅

tidy adj. 整洁的反义词untidy 乱的

We’re packing our suitcases.

pack one’s suitcase 收拾衣箱

suitcase 手提箱（尤指装衣服的）

We’re going to leave tomorrow. Tom and I are

going to have a holiday.

are going to 表示“打算”、“准备”

leave… for…. 离开…去…

leave London for Paris. 离开伦敦去巴黎。

leave for… 动身去….

I am going to leave for Canada. 我要动身去加

拿大。

have a holiday 度假

Aren’t you lucky!

否定疑问句：否定疑问句可以表示说话者惊异的情绪，责难的口吻或赞叹，也可以表示说话才的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。Aren’t you a student? 难道你不是学生吗？Isn’t it hot here? 这里难道不热吗？

Can’t you wait a moment? 你不能等一会吗？

Haven’t I asked you? 难道我没问过你吗？Don’t you want to stay with us ? 你难道不愿意与我们呆在一起吗？

Didn’t you see him yesterday? 难道你昨天没看见他吗？

回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的，就用yes；如果答语是否定的，就用no。不过，这种答语的汉语译法有特殊之处。Don’t you know English? 你不懂英语吧？Yes, I do. 不，我懂。

lucky adj. 幸运的

luck n. 幸运

Wish you good luck!

I don’t know. I’ve already had my holiday this year. （对现在的影响是己经不能再度假了。）Where did you go?

Where + 助动词+ 主语+ 动词原形

Where did he put his new trousers? 他把他的新裤子放在哪儿了？

some 表示一些，代替可数名词复数或不可

数名词。

one 代替可数名词

Lesson 85 Paris in the spring

一、单词讲解

Paris n. 巴黎（法国首都）

London New York Tokyo Washington

Rome Sydney

2、cinema

cinema n. 电影院

eg.We are going to the cinema next Sunday.

film

1）n. 电影

a file star 电影明星

a film director 电影导演

see the film 看电影

2）n. 底片，胶卷

eg.I want a roll of film. 请给我一卷胶卷。

3）v. 拍电影

eg.We’ve filmed abroad. 我们到外国拍摄过

电影。

3、beautiful

beautiful

1）adj. 美丽的

a beautiful flower

a beautiful woman

2）adj. 很棒的，完美的

eg.What a beautiful game it is!多棒的比赛！

与同义词的区别：

beautiful表示接近和谐理想的美，pretty并非

表示完美无缺的意思，而是着重表示“可

爱”“令人怜爱”之意，gook-looking 指容貌美，

handsome指容貌端正英俊的（多指男子）

5、city

city n. 城市，都市

a large city 大都市

eg.What is the largest city in the United States?

美国最大的城市在哪里？

city life 都市生活

countrylife 田园生活

6、never

never adv. 决不，永不

never通常置于一般动词之前，be动词，助

动词之后。

eg.I never had a chance to meet him. 我始终

没有机会与他见面。

eg.I never get up early on Sunday morning.

可置于命令句之句首

eg.Never eat too much. 绝不要吃太多。

never mind 不必介意

7、ever

ever

1）（用于疑问句）曾经，以前，至今（中文里有时不译出来）

eg.Do you ever go out late at night? 你平时在深夜外出吗？

eg.Have you ever been to France? 你曾去过法国吗？

No, never. 没有去过。

2）（用于否定句）无论何时都（不…）；至今（不曾…）

eg.Nothing new ever happens in this little town. 这个小镇至今不曾发生过新鲜事。eg.I haven’t ever been abroad. 我不曾到国外。3）（用于if从句）曾经

eg.If you ever have any problems, don’t hesitate to let me know. 你若有任何问题，请告诉我，别客气。

4）（与最高级，比较级连用）至今

eg.This is the best novel that he has ever written. 这是他所写的小说中最好的一部。

二、课文讲解

Question：

What’s the name of the film?电影名字是什么？

At what time of year did Ken visit Paris? 肯是在什么季节访问巴黎的？

Have you just been to the cinema? Yes, I have.

1）这是现在完成时的一般疑问句，主语是you，

助动词用have.

2）Just 刚刚，刚才（通常与完成时连用，有

时也与过去时连用）

He has just bought a second hand car.他刚

刚买了一个二手小汽车。

We just arrived.

just “正要…刚要….”（常用进行时或be going

to do 连用）

I am just making tea for you. 我正要为你沏茶。

She was just about to fall asleep when the

telephone rang. 她刚要入睡，电话铃响了。

3）have been to a place 表示曾经去过某地，

但现在不在那个地方了，去而复归；have gone

to a place表示己经去某地了，现在在那个地

方或正在去的路上，去而未归。

George has been to Paris.乔治去过巴黎

（他现在不在巴黎）

George has gone to Paris. 乔治去巴黎了。（他

在巴黎或去巴黎的路上）

Have you ever been to America? 你去过美国

吗？（对方不在美国境内）

Has he gone go Washington D.C.? 他去华盛顿

了吗？（被提到的人有可能在美国境内或在

赴美途中）

I have been to the library. 我己经去过图书馆。

（说话的此刻不在图书馆）

H e has gone to the library. 他去图书馆了。

（有可能在图书馆，有可能在途中）

4）have bee to the cinema 表示去过电影院

have been to the park 去过公园

但在名词school, work, church之前不加定冠

词，它们所表示的是一种抽象概念而不是具

体地点或位置。

What’s on?

on 表示上映

Oh, I’ve already seen it. I saw it on television

last year. It’s an old film, but it’s very good.

1)already 己经

She has already read this book. 她己经读过这

本书了。

It is already past five o’clock.己经过了五点

了。

2）I’ve already seen it. 我己经看过这部片了。

（强调对这部片子己经了解了）

it 是指’Paris in the spring’ 这部电影

3）I saw it on television last year. 我是去年在

电视上看的这部片子。

4）on television 表示从电视上看到（表示的

是和种抽象概念）

on the television 指在电视机上（指具体的方

位）

Where is my passport? 我的护照在哪？

It’s on the television. 在电视机上。

I’ve never been there.

1)have been to 后面加名词，若have been

后面接副词，介词“to”要省去。

I have been to the park. 我去过那个公园。He has already been to London. 他己经去过伦敦了。

2）I have never been there. 从未去过那。never表示“从来”，这里有强调之意。

It was spring, but the weather was awful. It rained all the time!

1)the weather was awful 天气很糟糕

2)all the time 总是；一直

I will be here all the time. 我将一直在这。

I stayed at home all the time. 我一直呆在家里。

Just like London!

1)just adv. 恰好

just then 正好在那个时候

It’s just what I want.

2）like prep. 象…

What’s your father like? 你爸爸是个什么样的人？小结

1）短语及句子

What’s on? 电影院在上映什么片子？

on television 从电视上（看到）

all the time 一直

just like.. 不象… 一样

Lesson 86 What have you done?

Lesson 87 A car crash

一、单词讲解

1、attendant

attendant n. 接待员，服务员adj. 随侍

的，伴随的

eg.There are 18 attendants in our hotel.

waiter （餐馆等的）男服务员，男侍者

waitress 女服务生，女侍应生

attend v. 参加，出席

attend a meeting 出席会议

attend a wedding 参加婚礼

join 参加成为成员

join us 加入我们（指与某人一道参加某种活

动）

join in a conversation 加入一次谈话

take part in 参加….活动

eg.Don’t you want to take part in my birthday

party? 难道你不想参我的生日聚会？

2、bring

bring v.

1）带，带着，带来

eg.Don’t forget to bring your dictionary with

you tomorrow. 你明天不要忘了带字典来。

eg.You’d better b ring enough money with you.

你最好带上足够的钱。

2）bring sb/ sth to 将某人或某物带到某处

eg.He brought some friends home. 他带了几

个朋友回家。

eg.She brought her little brother to my

birthday party. 她带她小弟弟来参加我的生

日宴会。

eg.Don’t bring your toys to school. 别把你们

的玩具带到学校来。

3）bring sb sth= bring sth to sb 把某物带给某

人

eg.Bring me today’s paper.

eg. Bring today’s paper to me. 把今天的报纸

拿给我。

4）bring 与take, fetch

bring表示将人或物带到/拿到自己所在的位

置，take表示将人或物拿开/带离自己所在的

位置，fetch 则表示去拿某物。

eg.Take these plates away to the kitchen and

bring some clean ones, please.

eg.I’ll fetch a glass. 我去拿个杯子来。

3、garage

garage n.

1）车库

eg.He put his car in the garage. 他把车子停进车库。

2）汽车修理厂

eg.How many mechanics are there in your garage?

4、crash

crash

1）n. 相撞，碰撞，坠落

eg.All the passengers were killed in the plane crash. 在那次飞机失事中，乘客全部遇难。crash barrier n.分离人行与车道或高速公路上的护栏

2）n. 东西坠落或猛撞时的轰隆声

eg. The tree fell with a great crash. 那棵树哗啦一声倒下了。

a crash of thunder 雷声轰鸣

3）v. （飞机）坠毁，使坠毁

eg.The plane crashed in the mountains. 那架飞机在山中坠毁。

eg.He crashed his car into the wall. 他的车子撞到墙壁.。

5、lamp-post lamp-post n. （路）灯杆

lamp 灯

lamp shade 灯罩

a street lamp 街灯

an electric lamp 电灯

post 柱，支柱

a telegraph post 电线杆

a gatepost 门柱

a signpost 路标

6、repair

repair

1）v. 维修

repair a broken watch 修理坏掉的表

2）v. 补偿，恢复（体力等）, 使恢复

eg.Nothing can repair the loss. 怎样都无法补

偿那损失。

3）n. 修理，修复

eg.The hotel will be closed during repairs. 那

饭店在整修期间停业。

7、try

try

1）v.努力，设法

eg.You should try it again and again. 你应该一

再努力做这件事。

try one’s best 尽最大的努力

eg.We should try our best.

2）try to do 设法…, 试行

eg.I’ll try to learn Spanish. 我要设法学习西班

牙语。

3）try doing 试着做某事

eg.I tried opening the back door, but it was

locked, too. 我试着开后门，但后门也上了锁。

eg.He tried cleaning the spot with alcohol. 他

试着用酒精擦拭那污迹。

try to do 指试图做，而try doing 是想知道结

果而尝试着做做看。

4）try on 试穿（衣服，鞋等）试戴

eg.Please try the shoes on.

eg.Please try on the shoes.

5）have a try 试一试

eg.It’s a good try

二、课文讲解

Is my car ready yet?

ready adj.

be ready for 为…做好准备

get ready for

Is everything ready for the dinner? 宴会的一

切工作都准备好了吗？

You should get ready for the coming exam. 你

应该为即将到来的考试做好准备。

be ready to do 愿意做某事，准备好做某事，

某事就要发生

I am ready to help you. 我很乐意去帮你。

yet “己经” ，用在否定句、疑问句中

Are you ready yet?

Not yet.

I don’t know, sir. What’s the number of your car? 我不知道，先生。你的车牌号是多少？

I don’t know.= I have no idea.

What’s the number?号码是什么？

of your car是介词短语作定语，修饰number,意为你的汽车的号码。

It’s LFZ 312G

it 指the number of the car

When did you bring it to us? 您什么时候送来的？

bring sth to sb 把…带来给某人

when 引导的一般过去时的特殊疑问句

I brought it here three days ago.

bring带来，是一个非持续动词，即这个动作的发生是瞬间完成的，因此它不可以接表示一段时间的时间状语for或since（自从）,但它可以与表示点时间的时间状语连用，如ago, last, yesterday,等等。

three days ago 三天前，表示时间点，用在一般过去时中，可以与非持续性动词连用。Ah yes, I remember now. 啊，是的，我现在记

起来了。

remember 记得，记住

You must remember these words.

Do you still remember my name?

Have your mechanics finished yet? 你们机械

师修好了吗？

这是现在完成时的一般疑问句，yet用在疑问

句中表示“己经”，用在否定句中表示“还”

Has his father gone yet? 他的父亲己经走了

吗？

His father hasn’t gone yet. 他的父亲还没走呢。

No, they’re sill working on it. Let’s go into the

garage and have a look at it. 没有，他们还在

修呢。我们到车库去看一下吧。

work on 表示从事、干某事

still “仍然，还”在此句中对working on it 起了

强调作用。

Let’s …. 祈使句，咱们一起…吧

go into… 进入到…, 强调动作过程

have a look at 看一看

Isn’t that your car? 这难道不是你的车吗？

在英文中可以用一般疑问句的否定形式来表

示期待、请求或希望得到肯定的答复。

Well, it was my car. 唔，这曾是我的车。

well是感叹词，在这里表示“哎”。

was 表示过去是，现在不是了。

Didn’t you have a crash? 难道你没有出车祸

吗？

Don’t you believe me? 难道你不相信我吗？

have a crash 出车祸了

That’s right. I drove it into a lamp-post. Can

your mechanics repair it? 是啊，我把汽车撞

在电线杆上了。你们的机械师能修好吗？

drive it into a lamp-post 把车撞到了电线杆上

repair 修理

Wel l, they’re trying to repair it, sir. But to tell

you the truth, you need a new car! 啊，他们正

设法修呢，先生，不过我说实在的，你需要

一辆新车了！

try to do 设法做…

try doing 试着

try to repair it 尽力修好汽车

tell you the truth 说实话

To tell you the truth, I don’t like him at all. 说

实话我一点也不欢他。

need 实义动词，需要

疑问和否定要用助动词

They need some water.

Do they need any water？

小结：

bring sth to sb 把…带给某人

bring sb sth

work on 从事，干

have a look at… 看一看

drive the car into…. 开车撞到…

have a cash 撞车

tell you the truth 说实话，老实说

try to do 尽力

try doing 试着做…

Lesson 88 Have you … yet ?

Lesson 89 For sale 待售

一、单词讲解

1、believe

believe v. 相信，认为

believe + that 从句（宾语从句）

eg.He believe that his girlfriend will come back to him.

believe in sth 相信某物的存在

believe in sb 相信某人的存在

eg.Do you believe in ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗？eg.If you don’t believe in God, why are you getting married in church? 如果你不相信上帝，你为什么要在教堂里结婚？believe + 疑问副词

eg.Nobody will believe how hard he has tried.

没有人会相信他曾多么努力尝试过。

believe it or not （口语）信不信由你

eg.Believe it or not, Mary is getting married.

信不信由你，Mary就要结婚了。

belief n. 信念，信仰

2、may

may modal verb 情态动词（用于请求许可）

可以

eg.You may go home now, Lucy. 你可以回家

了，露西。

eg.May I sit down?

Certainly.

eg.May I use your phone?

May I …? 问句的回答若用Yes, you may.则有

对小孩和晚辈给予许可的意味，通常用

Certainly., Why not?, Yes please., sure, 的回答。

另外No, you may not. 的说法因为较粗鲁，所

以对平辈以上的人则用No, I’m sorry, 以及

I’m afraid you cannot. 等说法。

3、how long

how long

1）多长（时间的长短）

eg.How long has he worked here? 他己经在

这工作多久了？

eg.He has worked here for ten years. 他己经

在这工作十年了。

2）物体长度

eg.How long is this stick? 这根棍子有多长？

how often 多经常（问频度）

eg.How often do you go swimming? 你多久去

游一次泳？

eg.I go swimming three time a week. 我每周

去游三次。

how soon 多久

eg.How soon will you come back? 你多久回

来？

4、since

since prep自从….（一般用在现在完成时）

当现在完成时描述发生在过去且一直延续到

现在的动作时，一般和“for+一段时间”或者

“since+某个时间点连用”。

eg.How long has Ian lived in this house?伊恩在

这栋房子里住多久了？

eg.He’s lived here for twenty years. 他在这里

住了20年了。

eg.He’s lived here since 1982. 自从1982年他

就住在这儿了。

5、why

why adv. 为什么

eg.Why were you absent yesterday? 你昨天为

什么缺席？（be absent from）

Because I had a stomachache. 因为我胃痛。eg.Why do you think he burst into tears? 你认为他为什么突然哭了起来？

eg.I don’t know why did such a thing. 我不知道她为什么做了这种事。

6、sell

sell v. 卖，出售

eg.She sold her diamond ring at last. 她终于卖掉了她的钻石戒指。

eg.I will sell this drawing for 15000 dollars. 这副画我要卖1.5万美元。

sell sth to sb=sell sb sth

eg.He sold his house to a banker.

eg.He sold a banker his house. 他将房子卖给一个银行家。

seller n.

1）卖者，卖方（反义词buyer）

2）有销路的物品

a good seller 畅销的商品/ a poor seller 滞销的商品/ a best seller 畅销品

seller’s market 卖方市场

buy v. 购买，买入

eg.I bought this camera at the store. 我在那家商店买了这部照相机。

7、because because conj因为

eg.I went to bed early because I was tired. 我

因为疲倦所以提早睡觉。

because of （介）因为…, 由于…的缘故，与

because不同，后面不接从句。

eg.I was late because of the rain.

8、retire

retire v.

1）退休，离休

eg.He retired at the age of 60. 他60岁时退休

了。

eg.He’s going to retire soon from sea. 不久他

将退休，结束其航海生涯。

2）退出，隐退

eg.He often retires to his country house at

weekends. 他周末通常到他那个乡间别墅生

活。

eg.The ladies retired, and the gentlemen went

on drinking and chatting. 女士们离席退出，先

生们则继续喝酒聊天。

9、cost

cost

1）v. 花费（金额、费用）

eg.This jacket costs 200 dollars. 这件夹克价值

200美元。

eg.How much did it cost to build the bridge?

建这座桥花费了多少钱？

cost sb +n （1.花了某人多少钱，2.使某人付

出时间、劳力、生命等）。）

eg.It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car.

修理这部汽车你要花费500美元。

eg.Careless driving will cost you your life. 粗心

驾驶可能会使你丧命。

2）n. 代价，价格，费用，经费

eg.The cost of the used car is 2000 dollars. 那

辆旧车的价格为2000美元。

the cost of living 生活费用

spend （spent spent）

spend money on… 在…花钱

eg.He spent all his money on this house. 他把

所有的积蓄都花在了这座房子上。

eg.I spent 50 dollars on this book. 我花了50

美元买这本书。

spent time in doing… 在…花时间

eg.He spends most of his time in traveling. 他

大部分时间都在旅游。

spend 的主语多为人

10、pound

pound

1）n. 英镑（货币单位）

eg.The book cost him ten pounds. 这本书花了

他10镑。

eg.I spent ten pounds on this book. 我花了10

镑买这本书

2）n. 磅（重量单位）

eg.She wants to lose at least 10 pounds. 她减肥想减至少10磅。

a pound of butter 一磅奶油

11、worth

worth prep. 值…钱

eg.The second-hand car is worth 5000 dollars. 这辆二手轿车值5000美元。

eg.The house is worth about 30,000 pounds. 这房值3万英镑。

eg.How much is it worth? 它值多少钱？worth+ doing 值得做…

eg.The exhibition isn’t worth visiting. 这个展览不值得参观。

eg.Her suggestion is worth considering. 她的建议值得考虑。

worthy adj. 值得…的

be worthy of + n./ doing

eg.Her deed is worthy of praise. 她的行为值得称赞。

eg.The question is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。

be worthy to do 值得做…

eg.The method is worthy to be tried. 这个方法值得试一试。

worthless adj. 无价值的eg.His advice is worthless to me. 他的劝告对

我没有用。

12、penny

penny （英国货币单位）便士

复数pence

100 pence = 1 pound

二、课文讲解

宾语从句：句子的宾语一般是由名词或代词

充当的，宾语一般在动词或介词的后面。

I want an apple.（名词an apple 作动词want

的宾语）

I like you. （代词you作动词like的宾语）

in front of the window （名词window 作in

front of 的宾语）

some of them （代词them作介词of 的宾语）

用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句，即充当宾语

成份的不是一个单词或词组，而是一个句子。

主语从句：一个句子充当主语。

定语从句：一个句子作定语

状语从句：充当状语成份的是一个句子

表语从句：充当表语成份的是一个句子。

宾语从句跟在两类词后

1.表示人的情感或心里活动的形容

词,afraid/ sure/ sorry/ glad

主语+be+此类词+宾语从句

I am afraid that I can’t help you at the

moment.

They are sure that they will win the match.

He is sorry that he didn’t go yesterday.

We are glad that you can come.

2. 普通动词think/ know/ believe/ say/

hope/ understand

主语（人）+这类动词+宾语从句

I think that you will pass the exam.

I believe I can fly.

引导宾语从句的关联词有从属连，疑问代词，

疑问副词，组合连接代词，组合连接副词等。

I am afraid that you can’t see him today. 我恐

怕你今天见不到他（关联词是从属连词that）

在非正式文体中关联词that常被省去。

I hope you can come tomorrow. 我希望你明

天能够来。（that被省略）

I don’t know if you can help me. 不知道你是

否能帮助我。（从属连词if）

I wonder what he is writing to me about.我不

知道他要给我写信说些什么事。（疑问代词

what）

Question：Why couldn’t Nigel decide? 为什

么Nigel 不能做决定？

Good afternoon. I believe that this house is for sale.

1）sale是sell的名词形式for sale 供出售，待售on sale 廉价地出售

my car for sale. 我的车要出售。

They sell these books on sale. 这些书打折销售。

2）believe v. 相信，认为后面可接名词或宾语从句This house is for sale 房子要出售作believe的宾语。

I believe you. 我相信你说的话。

I believe that he has left.

How long have you lived here?

1)现在完成时have + done（过去分词）

2)–how long 询问时间段的特殊疑问词，一

般用于完成时态中。

3)–live（长久）居住stay（晢时）居住，

呆…

live in the house

stay at a hotel

stay at my mother’s

I’ve lived here for twenty years.

1）for twenty years 持续20年即长达20年for后面接表示时间段的短语

2）live是一个持续性动词, 与表示时间段的时间状语连用，如：for…, sine…表持续动作或状态的动词多是持续性动词，

如：live, study, teach, be, wait等，常和since

（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用

I have lived here for more than thirty years. 我

己在此住了30多年。

I have been here since last October.从去年

十月起，我一直在这里。（since是介词）

She has taught us since I came to this school.

自从我来到学校，她一直教我们。（since是

连词）

非持续性动词一般不可用在现在完成时表持

续性，buy, die

I have bought the car for five years.（错误）

I bought the car five years ago. （正确）

I have had the car for five years. （正确）

She has died for three years.（错误）

She died three years ago. （正确）

She has been died for three years. （正确）

Twenty years! That’s a long time.

Yes, I’ve been here since 1976.

1)been是系动词be 的过去分词，be是典

型的持续性动词，可以与for…或since引

导的时间状语连用

2)since （介词）自… 开始这是介词短语，

since 1976.

I have known her since three year ago. 我自从

三年前就认识她。

Then why do you want to sell it?

1)then 那么

Would you like some tea?

No, thank you.

What about some coffee then?

Yes, please.

Because I’ve just retired. I want to buy a small

house in the country.

because conj. “因为”一般回答由why 引导的

特殊疑问句

just 用在完成时态中表示刚刚

I’ve just retired. 我刚刚退休

They’ve just arrived. 他们刚刚到

just 用在进行时态中，表示刚要，正要。

He is just going out. 他正要出去。

We are just going to bed. 我们刚要上床睡觉。

want to buy a small house 想要买一个小房子

want to do 想要做某事

She wants to visit that village. 她想看一下那

个村子。

want + n. 想要…东西

I want a car.

I want some honey.

in the country 在乡下

How much does this house cost?

How much does… cost? … 花多少钱？

How much 用来询问不可数名词的数量或某物的价钱。

How much water is in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少水？

How much milk do you want? 你想要多少牛奶？

How much is the umbrella? 这把伞多少钱？How many用来询问可数名词的数量。

How many students are there in the classroom?

￡68,500 68500英镑

完整的表达应为：It costs ￡68,500.

That’s a lot of money!

a lot of 即可修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。

It’s worth every penny of it.

1)be worth… 值得

2)it指代house

3)every penny 每一便士

It’s worth every penny of it. 指你支付的每一个便士都是划算的。

Well, I like the house, but I can’t decide yet. 1）I can’t decide. 我不能决定2）yet 常用于否定句中表示“还”

Women always have the last word.

have the last word 最后拍板

It’s my mother who has the last word in my

family.在我家，我的妈妈说了算。

keep one’s word 遵守诺言

Ok, I’ll keep my word.

You can trust him. He always keeps his word.

小结：

…is for sale 待售

have a look （at…）看一看（…）

how long 多长

in the country 在乡下

How much does … cost? 花费…钱；卖…钱

be worth… 值得

I can’t decide…我不能决定。

have the last word 最后拍板

1.你己经读过这本书了吗？是的,我读了.

Have you read this book yet? Yes, I have.

你什么时候读的？我去年读的。

When did you read it? I read it last year.

2.他己经走了吗？是的。

Has he gone yet? Yes, He has.

他什么时候走的？一个小时之前。

When did he go? He went an hour ago.

小结：

1.句型have you…yet?你己经…了吗？

Lesson 90 Have you … yet ?

新概念英语第四册课堂笔记

新概念英语第四册课堂笔记 1 fossil man (化石人) Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 【New words and expressions 生词和短语】 fossil man adj. 化石人 recount v. 叙述 saga n. 英雄故事 legend n. 传说，传奇 migration n. 迁移，移居 anthropologist n. 人类学家 archaeologist n. 考古学家

新概念英语第四册笔记-完整版

L1 Finding fossil man We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas----legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. New words and expressions recount /ri'kaunt/ v.叙述 / ' rei'kaunt/ 再数一次 record / ' rek[d/ /ri' kC:d/ 第一个音节带重音，名前动后 叙述：recount : emotionless 重复 describe depict： a little emotional narrate： temporal&spacial 根据时间或空间顺序描述。 portray：描述 saga /'sa:g[/ n.英雄故事描述的内容mostly real 北欧海盗活动的故事 legend /'ledV[nd/ n.传说，传奇 unreal e.g robin hood anthropologist/ 'AnWr['pCl[dVist/ n.人类学家 anthrop：人 philosophere :philo＋sopher|爱＋智慧＝哲学家 philanthropist : 慈善家（对人有爱心的人） anthropology :人类学 带-gy结尾的都是学科：biology 生物学 geography 地理学 ecology 生态学 remote/ ri'm[ut/ n.遥远 ancestor / 'Ansest[/ n.祖先 an- 在前面 forefather,forebear ，predecessor祖先 rot/ rCt/ v.烂掉 leave me rot.＝leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 国家民族逐渐衰亡 decompose 逐渐衰竭 deteriorate关系逐渐恶化 trace /treis/ n.痕迹，踪迹 trace the problem i follow your trace＝i follow where you go polynesia 波利尼西亚 poly-多 polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wife flint /flint/ n.燧石 flinting hearted fossil / ' fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鹅卵石 read of 读到 谈到：speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear of near east：近东 mediterranean, south europe,north afric far east 非限定性从句，表原因 oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language. precede :什么在什么之前，不用比较，直接跟名词 counterpart: two things or two people have the same position oral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart. preserve: 保留，保存（腌制） 如果句中有only，那后面的表语结构就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 讲故事的人 fortuneteller, palmreader: 算命先生 migration ：移民１）migrant ２）immigrant v. migrate:迁移，迁徙 migratory bird:候鸟 none: no body people＋s 民族 if they had any: 即便是有 his relatives,if he had any,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized. find out千方百计，费尽周折＝explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves however－anywhere you want ,加逗号 but,yet－不加标点，only at the beginning of the sentence therefore－自由

新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记

Finding fossil man 发现化?石?人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.　读到flint 打?火?石anthropomorphic ?人格 化拟1anthropo ?人类 的让步?一?一trace back date back read of read about a trace of ?一些

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新概念英语第二册笔记_第40课

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★Text The Greenwood boys The Greenwood Boys are a group of pop singers.At present,they are visiting all parts of the country.They will be arriving here tomorrow.They will be coming by train and most of the young people in the town will be meeting them at the station.Tomorrow evening they will be singing at the Worker's Club.The Greenwood Boys will be staying for five days.During this time,they will give five performances.As usual,the police will have a difficult time.They will be trying to keep order.It is always the same on these occasions. ☆visit v.拜访，参观；（歌手）巡演 visit 地点，表示去某地 若带有职业相关目的，就是去做相关的事 The headmasters of the New Oriental school visited lanzhou. 本课学到3个“演出”： 1.visit; 2.sing; 3.give five performances ☆most of...绝大部分的 most of the...=most... most of the young people/most young people ☆tomorrow evening：明天晚上 yesterday evening：昨天晚上； this evening：今天晚上 morning,afternoon的用法同evening

【第二次修订完全版】新概念英语第二册笔记pdf(96课全)

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新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记

The modern city 现代城市 In the organization of industrial life the in?uence of the factory upon the physiological and mental state of the workers has been completely neglected. Modern industry is based on the conception of the maximum production at lowest cost, in order that an individual or a group of individuals may earn as much money as possible. It has expanded without any idea of the true nature of the human beings who run the machines, and without giving any consideration to the effects produced on the individuals and on their descendants by the arti?cial mode of existence imposed by the factory. The great cities have been built with no regard for us. The shape and dimensions of the skyscrapers depend entirely on the necessity of obtaining the maximum income per square foot of ground, and of offering to the tenants of?ces and apartments that please them. This caused the construction of gigantic buildings where too large masses of human beings are crowded together. Civilized men like such a way of living. While they enjoy the comfort and banal luxury of their dwelling, they do not realize that they are deprived of the necessities of life. The modern city consists of monstrous edi?ces and of dark, narrow streets full of petrol fumes and toxic gases, torn by the noise of the taxicabs, lorries and buses, and thronged ceaselessly by great crowds. Obviously, it has not been planned for the good of its inhabitants. ?一理理的 代 ?人造的?生存?方式隺加规模 I 平庸的 ?一倒夺巨?大的?大厦南满拥塞without any idea of 完全忽视without giving any consideration to

新概念第二册第一课笔记

[生词短语] private adj. 私人的conversation n. 谈话 theatre n. 剧场，戏院seat n. 座位 play n. 戏loudly adv. 大声地 angry adj. 生气的angrily adv. 生气地 attention n. 注意bear v. 容忍 business n. 事rudely adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地 ★private adj.私人的 ① adj. 私人的 private life 私生活 private school 私立学校 It's my private letter. （如果妈妈想看你的信） It's my private house. （如果陌生人想进你的房子） ② adj. 普通的 private citizen 普通公民 I’m a private citizen. （citizen n. 公民） private soldier 大兵 《Private Ryan》（《拯救大兵瑞恩》） public adj. 公众的，公开的（private的反义词） public school 公立学校 public letter 公开信 public place 公共场所 privacy[?pr?v?si] n.隐私 It’s privacy. 这是我的隐私!(不愿让别人知道的) ★conversation n.谈话 have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词conversation 一般用于正式文体中, 内容上往往不正式 subject of conversation话题 They are having a conversation. talk内容可正式可不正式, 也可以私人 Let’s have a talk. dialogue对话, 可以指正式国家与国家会谈 China and Korea are having a dialogue. chat闲聊，说的是无关紧要的事。 gossip[?g?s?p]嚼舌头, 说长道短 report报道 ★theatre n.剧场, 戏剧 cinema n.电影院 ★seat n.座位 have a good seat/place，这里的seat指place(指地点)，而不是chair.

(完整版)新概念英语第一册笔记完整版

新概念英语第一册笔记完整版 ?1）v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口 ?eg.It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。） ?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作―对不起‖，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作―劳驾‖。 1）为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿 eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示―对不起‖。 1）请问几点了？ ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者I?m sorry! 3) 对不起，我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1) adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答） ?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答，表示―什么事‖。? eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ ---Yes? 什么事？ --我准备把它带给我的姐姐。 I‘m going to take it to my sister.

自学新概念英语的8个方法

自学新概念英语的8个方法 (1)明确目的，集中精力 背诵一篇课文或者一段必须掌握的语句，最忌东张西望，漫不经心，注意力分散。如果是一篇很简单的文字，背了几天后仍老出错，这肯定是用心不专的缘故。至于出现“前记后忘”的现象，则是正常的，这时千万不要向这种暂时困难屈服而打退堂鼓。 (2)确定任务，寻找窍门 背诵一篇短文，仅仅读几遍是行不通的，一定要熟读到滚瓜烂熟的水准才行。开始时可短一些，容易一些，然后作一定幅度的调整。此外，背诵时还要讲究一定的技巧，熟读课文内容，理解课文大意，不但不会记错和混淆，而且记住的数量也会越来越多。 (3)坚持复背，即时检查 复习背诵的时间用得越多，记住的效果就越佳。例如，早晨背诵过的课文或知识，晚上睡前以及第二天起床后，应实行一次复背，并在每周六或周日再作适当的温习背诵，以后过一个月再复背一次。这样，可保证很长一段时期不会遗忘。 (4)增强默写，强化训练 所谓“眼过千遍，不如手抄一遍”。采取默写手段，可有效地巩固已经背诵了的课文和知识，而且对加深记忆大有好处。因为文字本身就是一种图形和符号，经常默写可协助我们促动右脑的开发。如果能切实做到循序渐进，长期实行默写训练，那么一定会有助于背诵的质量和效果。 (5)反复阅读与再现相结合

单纯地反复阅读效果并不好，学习者应该在文章还没有完全记住 前积极实行尝试再现，回忆不起来时再阅读。这样容易记住，而且保 持时间也长。特别生疏的语句，注意多尝试再现几次。因为尝试再现 是一种比阅读更积极的智力活动，又是一种自我检查的过程，使人更 能集中精力，掌握识记内容的重点、难点，并即时改正记忆中的错误。 (6)试背 背诵过程中，如果出现“卡壳”，应该实行追忆。追忆是有意和 间接再现的形式，它需要付出很大的意志力，克服一定的困难，多方 面寻找线索，实行积极灵活的思维。所以，不能一“卡壳”，就立即 停止背诵。 (7)熟背 文章通过理解消化，已纳入自己的知识系统，语句通过熟读试背，也已朗朗上口，如果再反复朗读几遍，就能流利地背诵下来。检查方式，除了个人和集体背诵外，还有对背，即两人面对面同时背诵，因 为有对方干扰，可锻炼学生记忆的深刻性和准确性;提背，即打哪提， 从哪背，提到哪，背到哪，可锻炼学生记忆的准确性。 (8)默写 这也是使用内部语言背诵的一种形式，既用脑，又动手，可加深 对文章的记忆。一篇文章，就这样一段一段地把它“吃掉”。最后， 遵循“整体→部分→整体”的原则，按照背诵各段的方法，再把全篇 串联起来，实行背诵。