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深圳初中英语语法第3讲【现在完成时态】

第3讲现在完成时态

一）课前小测

1.It ________ the year of the horse next year.

A. is going to be

B. is going to

C. will be

D. will is

2.One of the boys_____ a black hat.

A. have

B. there is

C. there are

D. has

3.When ___________ usually go to work in the morning?

A. does people

B. do peoples

C. does peoples

D. do people

4.（2011广东，43）--Let’s go fishing if it _____ this weekend. --But nobody knows if it _____.

A. is fine; will rain

B. will be fine; rains

C. will be fine; will rain

D. is fine; rains

5.（2010茂名，36）Everyone _____ the Spring Festival especially the kids, because they can get money in red packets.

A. enjoy

B. enjoys

C. is enjoying

D. are enjoying

6.（2010广东，43）The Greens will visit Hainan as soon as they ____ to China.

A. comes

B. come

C. came

D. will come

7.（2007广东）The woman and her husband _____ in the same company.

A. work

B. works

C. is working

D. has worked

8.(2011重庆，26) I called you ,but nobody answered. Where ______ you?

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

9.(2011江西，36)I’m now in New York with my friend Jenny. We _____ by plane on Monday.

A. arrive

B. arrived

C. are arriving

D. will arrive

10.(2010江苏南京，9)--I hear Sam has gone to Qingdao for his holiday.

--Oh, how nice! Do you know when he _____?

A. left

B. told

C. has left

D. had left

11.I am twelve; Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the _________ of the three.

A. old

B. older

C. oldest

D. the oldest

12.His _________ son often go to see him on Sunday.

A. eldest

B. older

C. the eldest

D. the older

13.He is two years _________ than I.

A. elder

B. smaller

C. younger

D. less

14.The Yang Tze River（扬子江）is longer than_____ river in Japan.

A. any other

B. any others

C. the other

D. any

15.The Yang Tze River is longer than ______rivers in China.

A. any other

B. the other

C. any

D. the others

16.Who is _________, Jack or Tim?

A. more young

B. young

C. younger

D. more younger

17.This kind of rose is ________ on show.

A. the beautifulest

B. beautifulest

C. more beautiful

D. the most beautiful

18.There is ________ tea in the green cup than in the blue one.

A. little

B. few

C. fewer

D. less

19.There are _________ new words in Lesson Five than Lesson Six.

A. little

B. less

C. least

D. fewer

20.--Which star is near the earth?

--The moon is ________.

A. much

B. very near

C. the nearest

D. fewer

21.--Our brain is________!

--Really? We are all _________ at what you said. Tell us something about it.

A. amazed, amazing

B. amazed, amazed

C. amazing, amazing

D. amazing, amazed

22.Don’t just believe the advertisement. That kind of camera is ________ it says.

A. as good as

B. not so good as

C. as well as

D. not as well as

二）知识要点

1、现在完成时

1）构成

①肯定：主语+ have/has + done（过去分词）.

I have had lunch.

②否定：主语+ have/has + not + done（过去分词）.

I have not had lunch.

③否定：Have/Has + 主语+ done（过去分词）?

Have you had lunch?

2）用法

①表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在仍有影响。She has been ill for three days.

He has already left.

②表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've known each other since we were children.

3）have been to, have gone to, have been in 区别及have been

① have been意为“成为……多长时间”；have been in意为“在某地呆了多长时间”。二者都常与表示一段时间的状

语连用。

She has been a teacher for five years.

I have been here for two hours.

His parents have been in China for three months.

② have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，常与ever, just, never等词连用。其后可接once, twice等

表示次数的词。

He has just been to the library.

They have never been to the Great Wall.

I have been to Beijing many times.

③ have gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时作句子主语的人不在现场，通常是第三人称作句子的主语.

Where is Tom? He has gone to the post office.

Mr Green isn’t here。He has gone to Shanghai.

三）精选习题

用简单的英语解释下列句子

01.He joined the army two years ago.

a) He _________ __________ a ____________ for two years.

b) He ___________ _____________ __________ the army for two years.

c) It ____________ two years ____________ he joined the army.

d) Two years ____________ ____________ ____________he joined the army.

02.His grandfather died two years ago .

His grandfather has ____________ ____________ for two years.

03.He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago.

He ____________ ____________ the book for 2 weeks.

04.He bought the motorbike a month ago.

He ____________ ____________ the motorbike for a month.

05.He arrived here three days ago.

He ____________ ____________ here since three days ago.

06.They turned off the light 2 hours ago.

The light ____________ ____________ ____________ for 2 hours.

07.He left here 2 years ago.

He ____________ ____________ ____________ from here for 2 years.

08.The film began 30 minutes ago.

The film ____________ ____________ ____________ for 30 minutes.

09.They opened the door an hour ago.

The door ____________ ____________ ____________ for an hour.

10.They closed the door an hour ago.

The door ____________ ____________ ____________ for an hour.

11.He went out 3 hours ago.

He ____________ ____________ ____________ for three hours.

单项选择

01.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

02.I ______ the League for 5 years so far.

A. joined

B. have joined

C. have been in

03.The factory ____ since the February of 1990.

A. has been open

B. has opened

C. was open

D. opened

04.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2006.

A. have made

B. have been

C. made

D. have become

05.The meeting _____ for a week now.

A. has finished

B. has ended

C. has been over

06.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.

A. has been in

B. has come to

C. has taught

07.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years.

A. has been

B. has become

C. was

D. became

08.I ______ home for a week.

A. have returned

B. have been back

C. returned

09.How long _______ he ________ ?

A. died

B. has, died

C. has, been dead

10.He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.

A. slept

B. was sleeping

C. has sleep

D. had slept

11.He ________ the car for a week.

A. bought

B. has bought

C. has had

12.--How long _____ you _____ ill ?

--Two weeks.

A. did fall

B. have, fell

C. have, been

13.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.

A. has left

B. has moved away

C. has been away from

14.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.

A. borrow

B. keep

C. take

15.It is ten years _____ I last saw her.

A. after

B. since

C. for

D. that

16.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?

--I will. I _____ her several times.

A. met

B. have met

C. had met

D. will meet

17.--What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?

--Just 2 weeks.

A. will, buy

B. did, buy

C. are, having

D. have, had

18.--Do you know Lydia very well?

--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.

A. have made

B. have become

C. have been

D. have turned

19.The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.

A. has lived

B. lived

C. have been

D. live

20.--Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?

-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.

A. has been to

B. has gone to

C. went to

D. will go to

21.-- ____ you ever ____ to the US?

-- Yes, twice.

A. Have, gone

B. Have, been

C. Do, go

D. were, going

22.--Where is your father? --He ________ Beijing.

A. has been to

B. has gone to

C. has gone

D. has been

23.Zhao Lan already in this school for two years.

Ａ. has ; studied B. will; study C. was ; studying D. are; studying

24.I haven’t seen the film , but I have read the book.

A. yet; already

B. already; yet

C. ever; ever

D. yet; yet

25.--Where ______ John _______ ? --To the library. He _________ there for an hour.

A. has…been…has gone

B. has…gone…has been

C. did…go…went

D. did…be…went

26.“Have you to England? ” “ Yes, twice. “

A. gone

B. been

C. went

D. go

27.______ you _______ the text yet ? Yes, we ______ it two hours ago.

A. Did…copy…did

B. Have…copied…have

C. Have…copied…did

D. Did …copy…had

28.“He ____to draw horses already”. “When ______ he do it ?” “ Last year “

A. learned...has B. learned...did C. has learned...has D. has lea rned (i)

根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空

01._________ (sudden), it began to rain heavily.

02. A mouse _________(sudden) appeared and made the girl cry.

03.Congratulations! You got ______________ (one) prize.

04.Don’t _____________ (copy) other’s homework.

05.Edison was a great _________ (invent).

06.Einstein was one of the greatest __________ (science) in the world.

07.He has the _________(able) to remember everything he reads.

08.He invented many things. He is a great___________(invent).

09.He wants to be a _________ (music) in the future.

10.He was __________(bear) in Shenzhen in 1998.

11.How many ___________( dollar) do you have?

12.I am going to be a _________(science) when I grow up.

13.I believe that you have the _________ (able) to pass the examination.

14.I’ll go shopping with my sister instead of _____________ (watch) a film.

15.It’s very kind of you to give me some ______________ (advice).

16.Jim was _______ (bear) in 2000.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/a06790806.html,st year, Li Na _________(win) the tennis game.

18.Lily challenged ______________ (he) to a game.

19.My father used to _________ (drive) to work. But now he takes the subway.

20.She spends about sixty ________ (dollar) on books every month.

21.Six students are playing table tennis, _________(include) three girls.

22.Some dinosaurs could _________(fly).

23.Students should make good use of their _________(intelligent) and learn more at school.

24.The artist created many interesting _________(draw) in his life.

25.The books here ___________ (include) some of my favorite ones.

26.The famous _________(music) will give a show next week.

27.The iPad is a wonderful _________(invent).

28.The number of the visitors _____________ (be) 200.

29.The old woman is very ill. She is _____________(die).

30.There _____________ (be) a large number of chessboards in the room.

31.These books are very __________(help) to us.

32.They___________ (win) the game yesterday.

33.Tom is an _____________(Italy).

34.--What day is it today? -- It’s Friday. The _____________ (five) weekday of a week.

35.What would you like__________(be) in the future, a printer or an engineer?

36.What would you like__________(eat) for breakfast.

37.What you said made the story ______________ (interest).

38.Would you like _____________ (play) chess with me?

39.You can do it because you have so much _____________ (intelligence).

40.You must make him _________(work) hard at his lessons.

单项选择

01.His parents live in the countryside. They live the city.

A. inside

B. outside

C. in the center of

02.Birds have a musical ability. They sing.

A. can

B. cannot

C. are happy to

03.The book includes some beautiful photos. These photos are the book.

A. part of

B. at the end of

C. connected to

04. A human being is a(n) .

江同学| 初二| 一对一| 刘老师

A. animal

B. machine

C. person

05.When somebody is born, he/she .

A. comes out of his/her mother’s body

B. leaves his/her parents

C. goes to see a doctor

06.Tom used to live in Shenzhen.

A. lived

B. lives

C. living

D. live

07.Tom isn’t so tall as Jim.

A. is taller than

B. is as tall as

C. is shorter than

D. has the same height as

08.Walt Disney is famous for his cartoon characters.

A. is famous as

B. is well-known for

C. is well-known as

D. is famous about

09.Do you always go for a walk with your parents after dinner?

A. have a walk

B. walk to school

C. go shopping

D. go to a walk

10.She often helps her mother with housework.

A. helps her mother did

B. helps her mother doing

C. helps her mother does

D. helps her mother do

11. A long time ago, we had no TV sets or computers.

A. Long long ago

B. Ten years ago

C. Since 1990

D. For 5 years

12.The king would like to play a game.

A. want

B. would like to

C. wish

D. hope

13.One plus two is three.

A. add…get

B. add… to

C. add… equals

D. and… equal

14.Follow my suggestions and you’ll succeed.

A. advices

B. advice

C. idea

D. opinion

15.Sine then, she has become careful and hardworking.

A. From now on

B. Since now

C. From then

D. From then on

16.It took more than ten months to build the bridge.

A. about

B. over

C. nearly

D. around

17.Perhaps everybody can answer the question except me.

A. Maybe

B. Sometimes

C. Even

D. Certainly

18.When he heard the news, he grew very happy.

A. looked

B. tasted

C. got

D. sounded

19.I’ve found out the meaning of the word in a dictionary.

A. looked for

B. looked up

C. looked at

D. looked around

20.This is their well-known song.

A. helpful

B. famous

C. ordinary

D. lively

21.The meal consisted of several different Italian dishes.

A. was made from

B. was included

C. was from

D. was made up of

22. A goat is different from a sheep.

A. not the same as

B. as big as

C. smaller than

D. more than

23. A human being can think and talk, but an animal cannot.

A. person

B. machine

C. child

D. people

初中英语语法知识梳理-动词

初中英语语法知识梳理－动词动词是表示动作（study, find, swim 等）或状态（be, like, feel 等）的词。动词具有人称、数量、时态、语态和语态变化。知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。一）助动词助动词没有任何含义，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词一起构成谓语，帮助行为动词组成各种时态、语态、语气以及疑问或否定形式。常见的助动词有be, do, does, did, have, will, shall 等。具体用法如下： 1、助动词be的用法如下： 1）构成各种进行时态。如： It was raining all day yesterday. 昨天整天下雨。 2）构成被动语态。如： The meeting was held yesterday afternoon. 会议是昨天下午举行的。 3）与不定式连用表示按照计划、预先安排或规定要发生的动作。如： They are to see an English film this evening. 他们今天晚上看英语电影。 2、助动词do的用法如下： 1）构成疑问式或否定式。如： Does he think so? I didn’t say anything about the result. 2)在动词前加上do, does, did表示强调，意为“的确，确实”。如： They do study hard. She does love him. He did want to help the old man. 3、have: 助动词have 的过去式是had。have和had均可与动词过去分词一起构成完成时态。如： He has lived here for three years. As soon as the sun had set they returned. 4、shall, should: 助动词shall只用于第一人称的将来时态；助动词should 是shall的过去式，构成过去将来时。如：I shall send ten letters to my good friend. She wanted to know if I should go to the palace. 二）情态动词情态动词本身有一定含义，但不能单独作谓语，要和行为动词一起构成谓语。它们也能表明句子的否定、疑问或时态上的区别。常见的情态动词有：can, may, must, need, should等。表示能力表示能力一般用can, could。如：Rose can speak now, but she couldn’t a week ago. be able to 也表示能力，它和can 的区别如下：

英语现在完成时态讲解学习资料

现在完成时一、定义：表示一个动作在过去发生并对现在产生影响表示一个动作由过去发生持续到现在有可能停下，也有可能延续下去表示一个动作从过去开始发生到目前为止已经发生多次。二、构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成的，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需加强记忆。如：I have just cleaned my clothes．我刚洗过衣服。 My brother has done his homework already. 我的弟弟已经做完他的作业了。友情提示：在现在完成时的各种结构中，have, has均为助动词，无实际意义，只起构成时态的作用，不可省略。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。过去分词 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut

八年级英语下册-现在完成时态的讲解与练习-人教新目标版

现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次（2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。

完整版初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全初中英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

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初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

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4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

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German --- Germans child---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geese deer---deer sheep---sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有：a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时，意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如， Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays. 初中英语语法讲解二、名词所有格名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况

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recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段； in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句 I have already posted the letter . yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句 He hasn’t done his homework yet. just(刚刚) They have just left. ever(曾经) Have you ever been to Beijing never(从不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before since(自从…以来) I’ve worked in the school since 1999. for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…) recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前为止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年) 三、现在完成时的用法 1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用. Already， yet的用法 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾. Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 3)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用. since , for 的用法: since: (自…以来) 1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 o’clock. 2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago.

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8、He saw Dick in and take a book away. A．came B．coming C．come 9、Does Jack want a writer? A．be B．is C．to be 10、The boss had them from morning to night. A．worked B．working C．work 11、It's time home. A．to go B．went C．going 12、Tom is kind. He would like you. A．to help B．help C．helped 13、Don't forget your books to school. A．bring B．to bring C．brought 14、I don't know . A．where does he live B．what is he doing C．where he lives D．what he is dring it

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LESSON EIGHT 四种完成时态主系表现在：You are rich. 过去：You were rich. 将来：You will be rich. 过去将来：You would be rich. There be 现在：There is a book on the desk . 过去：There was a book on the desk. 将来：There will be a book on the desk. 过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状现在：You study English in the school. 过去时：You studied English in the school. 将来时: You will study English in the school. You are going to study English. You are to study English. are about to study English would study English in the scho You were going to study English. You were to study English. You were about to study English. You are studying English. You were studying English. You will be studying English. You woud be studying English.

现在完成时讲解与练习答案

6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere? 1. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. ha ve made 7. ha ve , stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _______ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing . She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.--Do you know Lydia very well? --Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live

初中英语语法总结(完整)

英语时态讲解【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 H e usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class.

我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。）英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。