跨文化学期小论文参考模板

跨文化交际小论文的写法及其参考格式

任务说明：用英语写1000-1500字左右的小论文。题目可以是关于以下方面的，也可以自拟。自拟题目必须和我们所学内容有关，必须是关于跨文化交际方面、中西文化比较或者文化差异对我们的影响。

1.The I nfluence of Collectivism on Chinese Student’s English Writing

2.The Influence of Collectivism on Translation

3.The Influence of Collectivism o n Chinese Student’s Spoken English

4.The Influence of Collectivism on Sino-American Business Negotiation

5.The Influence of Sense of time upon Cross-communication

6.The Influence of Sense of space upon Cross-communication

7.The Influence of High Context upon Cross-communication

8.The Influence of cultural thought patterns on Chinese Student’s English

Writing

9.The Influence of cultural thought patterns on Sino-American Business

Negotiation

10.The Influence of High Context upon Translation

11.The Influence of High Context upon Chinese P eople’s Verbal Styles

12.Differences between Chinese and American Cultures in The Joy Luck Club

13.Differences between Chinese and American Cultures in Gua Sha

14.The Joy Luck Club: Collision and Compatibility Between Chinese and

American Culture

学期小论文参考格式：

The Sino-US Cultural Conflicts and Compatibility in Joy Luck Club: An American Dream Perspective

（Times New Roam 三号居中加粗）

Abstract: Many Chinese came to America with the American Dream. In a broad sense, the definition of the American Dream is that American nation pursues the dream of “Democracy, Equality and Freedom”. While in the narrow sense, American dream means that a person chases his dream and achieves his goal successfully through his striving. The Chinese-American author Amy Tan stands on the cross point of these two different cultures and illustrates the development of culture by describing personal and family experience. She interweaves and mixes the two cultures together skillfully though describing the two generations’experience. She not only sees the contradiction and the conflicts between East and West culture, but also sees the possibility and inevitability of the two cultures’communication and compatibility. The essay talks about the culture difference between East and West from the perspective of the American dream, and illustrates the reasons why the eight leading roles in the novel --The Joy Luck Club will have contradiction. More importantly, by a series of efforts, the two generations are in harmony, which stands for the cultural compatibility between the East and the West.（Times New Roman,小四, 1.25倍行距，60-100个单词）

Key words（小四， Times New Roman，加粗 1.25倍行距）:

American dream; The Joy Luck Club; cultural conflicts and compatibility （Times New Roman小四；三～五个词；注意关键词之间用分号连接，最后一个不用标点）

1 Introduction（Times New Roman 4号加粗，以下一级标题同）

(正文部分，Times New Roman小四，1.25倍行距，两端对齐，段落首行空4格。段前、段后间距选择‘自动’；左边距为2.50，右边距为2.0，上下边距为2.50)

The novel The Joy Luck Club is one of the most famous Chinese-American writers Amy Tan’s representative works. The Joy Luck Club has drawn American society’s comprehensive attention. It was awarded prizes many times and adapted for the screen. It is a story about four groups of immigrant mothers and their American-raised daughters, which tells the mothers’ sufferings and the experiences in China before they came to America, they find a way to make themselves be accepted by the American and keep on their legs on American Continent. Meanwhile, it tells the progress about their daughters struggles of finding themselves as Chinese-Americans. The novel is composed of four sections, each of which contains four separate narratives. I divided the Joy Luck Club into two sections. In the first section of this book, the former four stories narrative that the four mothers recall their

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2 Definition of American Dream

In a broad sense, the definition of the American Dream is that a country pursues the dream of “Democracy, Equality and Freedom”. While in a narrow sense, the American Dream means that someone chases his dream and achieves his goal successfully through his striving. It highlights the spirit of Individualism. The American Dream is the beginning of the story, and is also the causes of these four families’ stories.

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3 Mothers’ American dream

The mothers hoped that their daughters would have American life style, accept the top-level education and live without sufferings. That is the mothers’American dream. However, they also hoped that their daughters could keep the Chinese traditional ideas in their mind. They hoped that their children could not only speak English fluently, but also think about a problem in Chinese thinking logic. They hoped that their daughters are able to combine the Chinese traditional culture and the American’s good living conditions well. Because of this dream, Suyuan pushes her daughter to learn piano; Lindo brings her daughter to take part in the chess competition then shows her daughter off before everyone after her daughter’s winning.

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4 Daughters’ American dream

Daughter’s American dream is searching for independence, which reflects the exclusion to Chinese culture.

In American culture it advocates individualism. It encourages people to realize their personal value. In the Joy Luck Club, Waverly grew up in American, so she was influenced by the American culture strongly. When she heard that her mother showed her off before everyone or her winning owed to her mother, Waverly felt confused at first, then felt embarrassed at last she felt annoy. When Lindo was walking on the street with Waverly and kept telling others, “this is my daughter Waverly Jong” [4], Waverly asked her mother not to disturb her and shut up: “why do you have to use me to show off? If you want to show off, then why don’t you learn to play chess?” [4]

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5 Cultural conflicts

Because the dream between mothers and daughters is different, and the growth environment for these two generations is also different, it causes many conflicts from the daughter’s growing up to their getting married.

5.1 The conflict in the family relationship（Times New Roman 小四以下二级标题同）

In mothers’belief, parents’authority is supreme in family and it seems to be protected by the law. The mothers often try to use this right to limit their daughters’activities, to help them making decision, to control their mind and even their fates. Daughters must obey their mothers; otherwise, they would be punished. Jing-mei’s mother Suyuan believed that Jing-mei had talent to be a pianist, so she wanted Jing-mei to be able to succeed in the future, which is her American Dream. As a result, she forced Jing-mei to learn how to play piano, regardless of whether Jing-mei likes it or not. In order to achieve one of Suyuan’s American Dream, she did cleaning work to afford her daughter to have the piano lesson and buy a piano for Jing-mei so that she could practice piano at any time. In fact, Jing-mei did n’t like to play piano and she convinced that she had the right not to play for her mother’s hope. Therefore, she thought that her mother didn’t respect her, which caused quarrels between the mother and the daughter. Jing-mei made mistakes on the piano concert purposely so that she could frustrate her mother’s “stupid arrogance”. However, mother’s authority cannot be infringed. Suyuan continued to pull Jing-mei in front of the piano, and forced her to be “docile and filial”. Jing-mei resisted “I will never be the kind of daughter you want me to be!” Suyuan criticized her daughter’s “ingratitude”, but Jing-mei though “I wasn’t your slave. This wasn’t in China.”[4]The daughter was born and lived in America, a country which believes “people’s rights are endowed by god”and “everyone born equal”. American Constitution protects people’s holy and inviolable rights, so this American-grew child can not bear her mother’s behavior. However, the mothers are from China which believes the “filial piety”as one of the main moral ideas. In mothers’time, daughters obey to their parents which are regarded as unquestionable moral truth.

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5.2 The conflicts in daughter’s education

The mothers in the Joy Luck Club all hope their daughters to succeed in life in the future, but it conflict with the education concepts in America.

5.2.1 Different aims of education（Times New Roman 小四以下三级标题同）

In America, parents try to develop their children to be “social being”, which can adjust to different environment or to survive from the competitive society. Education is not the preparation for earning their living, but for survival. It’s a basic principle that training the child to be what he or she wants to be during educating. Parents try to dig out children’s potential and let them realize their value.

On the contrast, in the tradition view in China, parents should train children to be high-level talents. Parents tend to force the child to become what parents want he or she to become. They often neglect to develop children’s characteristics. They hope that children will have a bright future and live without setbacks through his or her hard study in their childhood. Chinese often measure a person’s success through his occupation or the money he or she owned. In China, we can find the following scenes easily: Parents take their children to attend various kinds of lessons after school.

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6 The cultural compatibility

The understanding of the “single swan feather”indicates the compatibility between East and West.

In the novel The Joy Luck Club, the single swan feather not only symbolizes mothers come to American for pursuing a better living conditions, but also symbolizes their high expectation on their daughters. It is mother’s American dream--combining the Chinese traditional characters and the American good living conditions well. At first, mothers and daughters are not able to eliminate conflicts because of the misunderstandings. As time goes by, the daughters finally understand the single swan feather’s meaning and their mother’s care and though. Their success on overcoming

barriers and achieving harmony represents the coexistence between American culture and Chinese culture.

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7 Conclusions

American Dream plays a role of wedge appears at the beginning to throughout the novel The Joy Luck Club. It’s the main reasons why all the conflicts in the novel happened.

Nowadays, there are still many Chinese immigrate to America. It is important for them to understand the meaning of American dream. It helps them to conquer the cultural problem in western countries, just like the compatibility of the four families.

As Ralph Waldo Emerson said, conquering the problem of the nationality indicates the victory of culture. Through The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan finds the appropriate point that ties the different and charming eastern and western cultures, and through the usual relationship between mothers and daughters, Amy tan gives the culture a new definition, that is, although it is inevitable for different cultures to have collision, they can coexist and comprehended as long as there is love; although it’s inevitable for persons to have gap, misunderstanding and contradiction, they can tolerate each other as long as there is love.

Although so far, the cultural “globalization”of the true meaning is still a beautiful wish, as long as the human beings strive together, get along with each other peacefully and search for our commonness, and it’s possible for our human beings to create a colorful cultural perspective in the world.

References（Times New Roman 四号加粗）

[1] A. Lutiz, Catherine & Jane L. Collins. Reading National Geographic[M]. Chicago: The

University of Chicago Press, 1993.

[2] Larry A. Samovar & Richard E. Porte. Communication between Cultures[M]. Belmont, CA:

Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1991.

[3] Tan, Amy.The Joy Luck Club[M]. Penguin Books, 2006: 17, 28, 142, 170, 173-174, 184

[4] Zhang yuan.The Collision and Coexistence between Chinese and American Cultures [J].

Journal of Guangxi University, 2009, (9 ).

[5]陈颖聪. Culture Conflict and Respect in the Joy Luck Club[J].中华外语文坛,2008, (8).

[6]葛树慧.不同文化背景下的中美家庭教育—从《喜福会》引起的对中美家庭教育的思考[J]

中国电力教育, 2009,(8).

[7] 谭恩美, 程乃珊(译) . 喜福会[M]. 上海：上海译文出版社, 2006.

[8] 王萍, 王卫平.“美国梦”的解释[J].武汉理工大学学报,2001,(4).

（参考文献要另起一页；参考文献数目一般不少于10篇，其中英文文献不少于3篇；只列出作者直接阅读过的文献资料，本专业的教科书不能作为参考文献；格式采用国际通用的著录符号，著录项目依次为：[序号]主要作者、书名、出版地：出版者，出版年:页码；参考文献类型标识方法为：专著[M]，论文集[C]，报纸文章[N]，期刊文章[J]，学位论文[D]，专著论文集析出文献[A]，其它未说明的文献[Z]。中外文分别排列，外文在前，中文在后，网上文献的网址放在英文参考文献后。外文按姓氏的字母顺序排列；中文按第一作者姓氏的汉语拼音顺序排列。

中文用宋体，英文用Times New Roman, 五号，1.25倍行距，英文论文题目和著作名称使用英文斜体，特别注意标点符号。）

参考文献具体示例如下：

[1] （空一格）作者姓，作者名（注意姓在前，名在后，姓名之间用逗号分开，后加英文句点），书名（用斜体），文献类型[M或J或C](后加英文句点），出版地（后加冒号），出版社或出版商（后加逗号），出版年份（后加英文句点）

[2] （空一格）作者姓，作者名（注意姓在前，名在后，姓名之间用逗号分开，后加英文句点），文章题目（用斜体），文献类型[M或C](后加英文句点），杂志名（斜体，后加逗号），出版年份，卷好（期号）（后加英文句点）

注意：网上文章必须注明详细网页及查询日期，期刊网文章除外，如：

[4] Brown, Kenneth G. & David J. Barton. Brief Guide to Business Writing.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ae8967176.html,/faculty/kbrown/writing.html 2007-4-8.

跨文化交际论文

Mysterious Nuer Wedding Customs B12英语2班费丽莎 121101224 Abstract A wedding is a ceremony where two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethic groups, religions, countries, and social classes. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of wedding vows by the couple, presentation of gifts( offering, rings, symbolic items, flowers, money), and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or leader. Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayers or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony.Marriage is sacred the world over, and that is definitely true in Africa , no matter which region or which culture you come from, and no matter what your religious beliefs. In this article, the author list the cryptic wedding customs of Nuer ,one of African nations , by revealing their cultures and wedding traditions and to make its culture clear. Key words: ghost marriage , nuer, cattle , Pater, genitor Content 1.Introduction Ghost marriage: Marriage among the Nuer ,a woman is married to a dead man , this kind of marriage is almost as frequent as marriage to a living man . A living man is found to physically father a child for the dead man. To understand this, one must distinguish between the Genitor-biological father and the Pater- legal father. The ghost marriage often takes place when a man is killed in a feud. Blood wealth payments are used to pay the bride price for the dead man's marriage. The point is to fulfill the dead man's lineage and the children of the dead man may eventually avenge him, despite the payment of blood wealth . In this way , bride's wealth and blood wealth are fluid and tied together in a cycle. 2.Nuer cattle cultures Nuer is located in southern Sudan, whose territory has access to the White Nile, because the proximity to this river and the high annual rainfall, Nuer territory floods often and has lots of diverse wildlife with very dense jungle in most areas but also savannah and swamp .Therefore ,everything revolves around cattle in Nuer life, and cattle is essential for their survival as people. The payment of cattle is usually the only way to square up between wronged parties. Without this resource there is no

跨文化交际论文中文

浅谈跨文化交际 【摘要】在中西跨文化交际中，文化冲突的事例屡见不鲜，严重影响了交往的顺利进行，因此我们很有必要找出其深层次的原因，并采取一定的措施来培养跨文化交际的能力，避免文化冲突。 【关键词】跨文化交际、文化差异、文化冲突 随着中国对外开放程度的逐渐深入，西方社会的人和事物越来越多地走进了我们的视野，在这种情况下，跨国域、跨民族、跨文化的经济和社会交往将会与日俱增，这就为我们提供了许多与西方人接触和交往的机会，这对于加深我们的西方社会的理解是一件好事，但这并不是一件简单的事情，因为我们所面对的是来自陌生的文化和国家，思维方式、生活习惯和行为方式与我们迥然不同的人，在与之交往的过程中不可避免的会出现文化冲突的现象。 一．中西跨文化交际中经常出现的文化冲突 在中西跨文化交际中会出现的文化冲突有很多种，在这里我们不可能一一叙述，只能列出比较常见的几种。 1.隐私方面的冲突 中国人的隐私观念比较薄弱，认为个人要归属于集体，在一起讲究团结友爱，互相关心，故而中国人往往很愿意了解别人的酸甜苦辣，对方也愿意坦诚相告。而西方人则非常注重个人隐私，讲究个人空间，不愿意向别人过多提及自己的事情，更不愿意让别人干预。因此在隐私问题上中西双方经常发生冲突，例如：中国人第一次见面往往会

询问对方的年龄，婚姻状况，儿女，职业，甚至收入，在中国人的眼里这是一种礼貌，但在西方人眼里则认为这些问题侵犯了他们的隐私。 2.时间观方面的冲突 西方人的时间观和金钱观是联系在一起的，时间就是金钱的观念根深蒂固，所以它们非常珍惜时间，在生活中往往对时间都做了精心的安排和计划，并养成了按时赴约的好习惯。在西方，要拜访某人，必须事先通知或约定，并说明拜访的目的、时间和地点，经商定后方可进行。而中国人则属于多向时间习惯的国家，在时间的使用上具有很大的随意性，一般不会像西方人那样严格的按照计划进行，西方人对此往往感到不适应。 3.客套语方面的冲突 中国人注重谦虚，在与人交际时，讲求“卑己尊人”，把这看作一种美德，这是一种富有中国文化特色的礼貌现象。在别人赞扬我们时，我们往往会自贬一番，以表谦虚有礼。西方国家却没有这样的文化习惯，当他们受到赞扬时，总会很高兴地说一声“Thank you”表示接受。由于中西文化差异，我们认为西方人过于自信，毫不谦虚；而当西方人听到中国人这样否定别人对自己的赞扬或者听到他们自己否定自己的成就，甚至把自己贬得一文不值时，会感到非常惊讶，认为中国人不诚实。 4.餐饮习俗方面的冲突 中华民族素有热情好客的优良传统。在交际场合和酒席上，热情的

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跨文化交际论文

跨文化交际论文 学院：水产与生命学院专业：水产养殖专业10-4 姓名：黄运佳 学号：1001110411

浅谈中西方语言文化和饮食的差异 1.语言文化差异 语文是社会的产物，是人类历史和文化的结晶。它凝聚着一个民族世代相传的社会意识，历史文化，风俗习惯等各方面人类社会所有的特征。不同的文化背影和文化传统，使中西方在思维方式，价值观念，行为准则和生活方式等方面也存在有相当的文化差异。语文是文化的载体，词汇是文化信息的浓缩，是语言的重要组成部分，它反映着文化的发展和变化，同时也直接反映着文化的差异。 在中国两千多年的封建社会历史的过程中，儒家思想一直占据着根深蒂固的弦统治地位，对中国社会产生了极其深刻而久远的影响。中国人向来以自我贬仰的思想作为处世经典，这便是以儒家的“中庸之道”作为行为的基本准则。“中”是儒家追求的理想境界，人生处世要以儒家仁、义、礼、智、信的思想道德观念作为每个人的行为指南，接人待物，举止言谈要考虑温、良、恭、俭、让，以谦虚为荣，以虚心为本，反对过分地显露自己表现自我。因此，中国文化体现出群体性的文化特征，这种群体性的文化特征是不允许把个人价值凌驾于群体利益之上的。 西方国家价值观的形成至少可追溯到文艺复兴运动。文艺复兴的指导思想是人文主义，即以崇尚个人为中心，宣扬个人主义至上，竭力发展自己表现自我。“谦虚”这一概念在西方文化中的价值是忽略不计的。生活中人们崇拜的是“强者”“英雄”。有本事，有才能的强者得到重用，缺乏自信的弱者只能落伍或被无情地淘汰。因此，西方文化体现出个体文化特征，这种个体性文化特征崇尚个人价值凌驾于群体利益之上。 正因为如此，中西两种文化在对某些单词所带有褒贬色彩上有差异。如：ambition一词，本身具有褒贬两种含义。中国人用其贬义，表示“野心勃勃”，而英美人则取其褒义，表示“雄心壮志”。Aggressive一词，中国人常用来形容某人“挑衅”“好斗”，而美国人则用来形容某人“进取上进，有开拓精神”。 我国的群体性文化，非常重视家庭亲友关系，把它视为组成社会的细胞；而在西方国家，崇尚独立自主自强自立。中国人重视传统的君臣，父子，论资排辈，等级森严，而在英美国家，长辈与晚辈间地位平等，不计较老少界限，多以朋友相处。中国人的传统观念历来崇尚“四世同堂”“合家团圆”，自古就有“父母在，不远游”的良言古训；而在英美国家，18岁的子女仍住在家里依靠父母生活是不可思议的事情，他们必须依靠自己的双手去独立生活。同样，年龄大的父母即使失去了生活自理能力，一般也不会拖累子女，他们往往要住进老人院，由社会关照。 文化的不同带来价值观念的在不相同。如lod一词，中国人历来就有“尊老敬老”的传统。“老”在中文里表达尊敬的概念，如老祖宗，老爷爷，老先生等。“老张”，“老王”，透着尊敬和亲热，“张老”“王老”更是尊崇有加。中国人往往以年龄大为荣。和别人谈话时，年龄越大，资格越老，也就越会得到别人的尊敬。“姜还是老的辣”。在我们看来，长者不仅是智慧的化身，也是威望的象征。然而，西方国家极少有人愿意倚老卖老而自称”old”。在他们看来，“old”是“不中用”的代名词，是和“不合潮流”“老而无用”的含义连在一起的。英美人不喜欢别人说自己老，更不会倚老卖老。在西方文化中，他们把年龄作为个人极为重要的隐私看待。尤其是女士，更忌讳别人问自己的年龄。即使愿意谈论自己的年龄，也要别人猜测其年龄，而此时，他们的真正目的的期望别人恭维他们看上去比实际年龄小，是多么年轻。又如，英美人忌讳莫深的fat一词，见人说fat会令人沮丧不快而且反感。说到fatmeat （肥肉）多半会被认为是毫无价值的该扔掉的废物。而中国人见了小孩子说“胖嘟嘟”“胖乎乎”，表示对孩子的喜爱，对成年男子说fat有“发福”之义，对成年女子讲fat有“丰满”

跨文化交际毕业设计论文.doc

Globalization and the Traditional Notion about a Family 1101214008 11109班 陈欢

Globalization and The Traditional Notion about a Family Nowadays , our world is a globalized world. Countries depend on each other and no one nation can be independent of the globalization architecture. There is no doubt that globalization tightly connects the world with us in political , economic , cultural field and so on. It brings not only wealth, the greater its charm lies in the mutual language, culture and other aspects of the infiltration and integration. But except the benefits and good effects the globalization makes , there are so many risks and hidden dangers. In the background of the globalization , a imperceptible problem is our culture has been challenged, especially the traditional culture. Globalization show us the different cultures which are gradually penetrating into the minds of people. It has a great influence on societies , families and individuals. Speaking of family, Chinese people have their own the traditional notion about it. Whether globalization will change the notion? This is my theme. China is a country with 5000 years of civilization, accumulating many great cultures and spreading many nice manners and customs. And these contain the traditional notion of Chinese family, whose stable spreading plays a large role in maintaining social stability in the ancient and modern China. Our traditional notion about family generally refers to

跨文化交际论文

中西文化与广告语言 广告语言是广告的核心内容。社会文化影响并制约广告语言及其表达，广告语言则蕴含或反映社会文化。语言是民族的语言，广告存在于一定的社会之中。一个民族的哲学观念、思维模式、文化心理、道德观念、生活方式、风俗习惯、社会制度、宗教信仰等等都必然会对广告语言产生作用。所以，任何一个社会的广告语言不可避免地反映社会文化的各个方面。事实上，反映社会文化的广告语言易为人们所理解和接受，可大大促进广告的功能。认识到这一点，并努力探讨出社会文化与广告语言之间的内在关系，对于理解和赏析广告语言，对于指导创作、设计既符合广告表达基本原则，又适合特定民族文化特征的广告语言具有十分重要的作用。据笔者所知，我国学者对中西文化与广告语言的研究甚少，尤其缺乏比较研究。本文是这方面研究的一个尝试。 一、哲学观念与广告语言 曹志耘(1992：130)认为，各个民族都有其独

特的对世界的认识和表达，有自己的哲学观念。哲学观念深刻地影响着有关语言的结构和运用，当然也影响着广告语言的应用。例如，天人合一是我国传统文化中一个最基本的哲学观念。在我国的一些广告中，天人合一观念对语言表达和接受的影响显而易见。如长虹牌电视机广告词“天上彩虹，人间长虹”，通过天上彩虹对人间“长虹”的映衬、比喻，给人一种天上人间一体，彩虹“长虹”一物的感受。通过这样的广告宣传，“长虹”彩电的美好形象栩栩如生地长驻于人们的脑际。“长虹”彩电驰名全国，颇受青睐，销售量跃居国产彩电之首，这固然与其质量息息相关，但无疑也与其广告词所创造的美好形象不无联系。 扬子电气的电视广告则由人群在大地上组合成多姿多彩的扬子电气商标图案和“扬子电气”四个大字，在此场景里，人和文字融为一体。同时，该广告仅有的两句话“扬子天地，扬子电气”将商品与天地相提并论。这样，整个广告形成了一种十分强烈的天人合一的和谐气氛，非常引人入胜。再举数例： ①与书为友，天地长久。(某丛书广告)

跨文化交际论文

跨文化交际之中西文化冲突 “跨文化交际”的英语名称是"intercultural communication"或 “cross-cultural communication”。它指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际, 也指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。 一、造成文化冲突现象的原因探究 由于不同的民族所处的生态、物质、社会及宗教等环境不同, 因而各自的语言环境产生了不同的语言习惯、社会文化、风土人情等等诸语境因素。 不同文化背景造成人们说话方式或习惯不尽相同。因此, 在交流中, 人们总喜欢用自己的说话方式来解释对方的话语,这就可能对对方的话语做出不准确的推论, 从而产生冲突和故障。在跨文化交际中,交际的双方若不能进入同一文化背景之中, 就容易产生不解或误解,从而使交际失败。 二、中西文化的产生背景差异 中国文化是在黄土高原上孕育和发展起来的，然后在华北平原，再后是往长江以南发展，保持着长期的连续性和稳定性。中国的思想文化是儒学定于一尊而又兼容释道的文化。它以其特有的悠久、单纯的传统，以其特有的凝聚力和消化力，进入了近代世界一体化和文化大交流的时期。拥有上下五千年渊源历史宝贵遗产的炎黄子孙，在当今的21世纪现代社会，仍然遗传了祖先们的优良传统。 西方近现代文化主要是从古希腊罗马的异教文化发展过来的。古希腊伦理学和价值观的基本特征则表现为尚知和崇理，至善在于"作为一个自然存在的人的完善"，尤其是理智、哲学的沉思被强调为最高的德性。古希腊人是乐生的，立足此世的，他们是多神论的，他们的人生观是自然主义的。孕育和起源于海边的文化注定了他们性格上的开放。这是与中国文化的大不同！ 三、中西跨文化交际中经常出现的文化冲突 在中西跨文化交际中会出现的文化冲突有很多种，在这里我们列出几种比较常见的文化冲突。 1、私方面的冲突

跨文化交际论文参考问题

中西方文化差异的论文题目： 中西方时间观念的比较 中西方饮食文化的比较 中西方教育的比较 中西方问候语的比较 中西方餐桌礼仪的差异 中西方宗教文化对比 中西方儿童文学的差异 从文字比较看中西方文化差异 礼貌中的中西方“面子文化”差异 论中西方激励机制的差异比较和在医疗管 理中的应用 英语教学中的文化教学——中西方文化差 异对比分析 中西方价值观差异对交际模式的影响　 从历史中透视中西方经济差异形成的原因　浅谈跨越中西方文化障碍 日常生活中的中西方文化差异 浅析中西方隐私观的差异　 中西方古代体育和谐思想比较研究 中西方传统犯罪控制思想之比较 土地与海洋的对话——中西方文化与人格 差异之浅见　 汉英商标翻译与中西方文化差异 中西方孝文化探析　 从文化视角看中西方教育思想的差异 中西方语言与文化的差异　 中西方哲学语言观的差异 浅析中西方文化差异对翻译的影响 从素质教育看中西方教育的差异及思考　 中西方立宪文化差异比较——以价值观为 视角 影响跨文化交际的主要因素——中西方价值观念差异 中西方股票期权制度实际操作的差异性分 析 英美社会与文化论文 1. The Contrast and Analyses of Customs

in Britain and China 英国和中国习俗之研究 2. Cultural Connotation of English Names 英语姓名的文化内涵 3. Black Culture and American English 黑人文化与美国英语 4. The Phenomenon of “Political Correctness” in American English 论美国英语中的政治正确现象 5. English Euphemism and Culture 文化因素与委婉语 6. Cultural Differences in Address Terms: English and Chinese 英汉称呼语中的文化差异 7．Influence of Greek Myths to British and American Culture 希腊神话与英美文化 8. An Investigation on Intercultural Communication Competence and Intercultural Sensitivity Among Chinese College Students 关于中国大学生跨文化交际能力和跨文化 敏感度的调查 9. Cross-Cultural Awareness in Translating Tourist Materials 中国旅游资料翻译中的跨文化意识 10. Cross-Cultural Training in Chinese Universities 中国大学中的跨文化培训 11. Acculturation Strategies among Chinese Overseas Students 中国海外留学生的文化适应策略 12. On Tour Commentary Translation---An Intercultural Communication Perspective 从跨文化角度看导游词翻译 13. Intercultural Communication on the Internet 互联网上的跨文化交际 14. On the Application of Theatrical Tricks to

跨文化交际论文

Term Paper **** Course: Intercultural Communication Name: 张海文 Student No: 20121402067 Class No: 1201 Topic: What foreign influences China has been through since ancient times? Summarize and explain. (自古以来中国文化受到过哪些外来影响？归纳并举例说明。) Introduction China has been confronting foreign influences since ancient times. In this paper, those influences fall into two parts chronologically with the year of 1840 as the divide. In the first section, it is focused on foreign influences in ancient times: one is the invasion of ancient minorities, the other is religion. In the second section, it is focused on foreign influences facing modern China: English and America culture. Main body 1. The invasion of ancient minorities Throughout the Chinese history, minority regimes were constantly established through war, such as Nuzhen nationality, Qidan nationality, Xianbei nationality, Mongolia, Manchu etc. One example is used here, Mongolia. Mongolia features grassland and nomadic culture. Geologically speaking, with a relatively small population occupying a vast tract of land, Mongolians attach great importance to solidarity. On the other hand, they value the role of individuals and make ensure everyone achieves his full potential. Based on Cultural Dimensions,

跨文化交际论文

摘要：谚语是一个民族吸取自己优秀文化的成果，其言简意赅、内涵丰富并在民间广泛使用。本文通过对英汉谚语文化差异的分析，力求加深对英汉谚语的理解，提高对英汉谚语的运用和翻译能力。 关键词：谚语文化差异翻译 1. 引言 谚语（proverb or saying）是人民群众在生产生活中提炼出来的智慧结晶，是一个民族的语言和文化的重要组成部分。《辞海》（2000年版，491页）是这样定义的：谚语是?流传于民间的简练通俗而富于意义的语句?。《朗文当代高级辞典》给谚语下的定义是：?a short well-known supposedly wise saying in simple language?。谚语和一个民族的历史背景、生活习惯、地理环境、民族心理、意识形态等是密切相连的。 2. 英汉谚语的文化差异基于不同的文化背景而形成的谚语有着较大的差别，以下将从审美角度、自然环境、宗教信仰、思想观念等几个方面对英汉谚语的差异进行分析。 2.1 审美差异在诸多英汉谚语差异中，最为典型的要属对待动物的态度了，其中，龙的例子最为人所熟知，在中国，龙代表帝王，象征吉利的动物，有不可思议的力量。因此有谚语?龙眼识珠，凤眼识宅?、?龙投大海，虎奔高山?。而英美却认为?dragon?是邪恶的象征，如sow dragon’s teeth等等。在汉语中习惯用老虎来形容勇敢、凶猛、威严，在西方，狮子常被尊为百兽之王。因此，我们在翻译含?lion?（狮子）的习语和谚语时不妨用?虎?取而代之则更符合中国人的认同感。如：come in like a lion and go out like a lam b 虎头蛇尾；like a key in a lion' s hide狐假虎威等。 2.2 自然差异中英两国所处的地域不同，自然环境、山川物产、气候差异与历史发展轨迹千差万别。英国乃岛国，英民族生活在四面临海的岛上，擅长航海，所以英语里有很多与?航海?有关的谚语:A smooth sea never makes a skillful mariner 平静的大海练不出好水手，To keep one’s head above water奋力图存；而汉民族生活在以农业经济为主的广袤大陆上，谚语很多和农业生产有关. 民以食为天；瑞雪兆丰年；四体不勤，五谷不分等。 2.3 宗教信仰差异宗教信仰是人们精神活动的一个方面，是民族文化的重要组成部分。基督教是英美国家的主要宗教信仰，而中国人受佛教和道家思想影响较大，由此产生了许多独具宗教特色的谚语，如佛教?不看僧面看佛面?、?放下屠刀，立地成佛?、?善有善报，恶有恶报?。再如道教?八仙过海各显神通?、?道高一尺，魔高一丈?、?福兮祸之所伏，祸兮福之所倚?、等等。而英国的典故主要来自《圣经》、古希腊神话等西方经典著作，如God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。Whom God would ruin he first sends mad.上帝欲毁灭之，必先使其疯狂。 2.4 思想观念差异英民族强调众生平等，Human blood is all of a color. 人类血的颜色是一样的。 A cat may look at a king人人平等；而汉民族却有较强的等级观念，家族讲家法，讲辈分；社会讲宗法，将尊卑。谚语中有?父母在，不远游?、?千里烧香，不如在家敬爹娘?。西方道德中，比较注重子女自己独立的人格，这一点体现在如?Children are not to be blamed for the faults of their parents.?的谚语中。还有?All stratagems are fair in love?、?Love is without reason?等就体现了男女平等 ,自由恋爱。英民族有着开拓进取、永争第一的勇气，?Keep up with the Jones. ?赶上富邻居，争比阔绰。而深受儒家?中庸?之道影响的汉民族则怕出头，?枪打出头鸟、出头的椽子先烂?等。 3. 翻译策略 正如刘宓庆说的：?文化翻译的任务不是翻译文化，而是翻译容载或含蕴着文化信息的意义。意义始终是我们关注的中心：它既是我们的出发点，又是我们的落脚点。?[1](p83)本着抛砖引玉的想法，笔者试从以下几方面谈谈英汉谚语的翻译策略。

跨文化交际论文

Family Structure and Home in Various Culture ----America & China --Doris 邓爱令112214101117 Abstract:With the quick development of urbanization and economic, people’s opinions of family have also ch anged. The modern life and opening idea contribute to the change of family structure all over the world. Except these two reasons, there are many other reasons. As we all know, different culture create different types of family in different countries. That means, with the communication between different countries and culture, the family structure in different areas may also have some similarities. The writer of this passage will show you the different family structure in various culture by using the China and America as the example. Key words: family structure Chinese traditional family structure &modern family structure American traditional family structure & modern family structure reasons of change difference and similarities between Chinese family & American family Introduction: Family in different culture have different structures, and at different time, the structure in the same country are also changeable. The reasons of this are various. Even though two different culture have two different types of family structure, they still have much in common. The United States and China will show us all above. 1.The American family structure The traditional American family structure is called nuclear family, which means a family made up of a married couple and their children. The couple establish a place to provide love and care for their children. “But now the average American family has two or three children and maybe a pet.” Marylyn, who comes from America said, “and there are many new types of family structure, just like, single parent family, big family and step family.” She told us some of the new family structure, so, let the writer tell you the features and changes of each one. A.The nuclear family Since the 1950 s, the nuclear family is considered a "traditional" family structure. Nuclear family consists of father, mother and children. Nuclear family has become less common, and American or European families form is more common. Including the homosexual relationships, single-parent families,

跨文化交际论文

西南大学本科生课程论文 论文题目：An Understanding of “Language-and-Culture, Two Sides of the Same Coin in the Perspective of Intercultural Communication” 课程名称：跨文化交际 任课教师：杨杰 专业：英语（师范） 班级：200级11班 学号：222009310011324 姓名：王小青 2011 年12 月23 日 西南大学外国语学院制

An Understanding of “Language-and-Culture, Two Sides of the Same Coin in the Perspective of Intercultural C ommunication” WANG Xiaoqing Abstract:As we all know, we express our thoughts by means of language. However, while we using language, we convey culture at the same time. As for color, it’s a part of language, so it including culture, too. There are differences in the use of colors and color words between Chinese and English cultures. The different cultures bring different attitudes toward the same color because of different culture background, they reveal wide connotation of cultures. We should pay attention to observing not only their basic meanings, but also the deep and broad symbolic meanings. The symbolic meanings of color words often have different features in different language cultures. And some of them even have become taboos and adornments since the meanings of the color words are extended and transferred. Meanwhile, the cultural exchanges and the color views have similar phenomenon and coincidence in the languages. Key W ords: Color words; cultural differences; symbolic meanings; comparison I. Introduction Color is an important part of our life. Color words help us to understand the world around, like our sense of taste and smell. The basic color words in English such as red, yellow, white, black, not only express the colors of objective things, but also the obstruct things. The color words have specified semantic meanings in different cultures. Without understanding of them, we will probably run into obstacles or make a fun of ourselves in communication. Therefore learning and grasping the symbolic meanings of color words are important. Good understanding of the symbolic meanings of color words can help us communicate effectively among people from different countries. This paper tries to illustrate the different symbolic meanings of color words in Chinese and English cultures by comparison and analysis of them. II. Color and Culture Color words, in whatever languages, are used for describing different things. The statistics show that there are more than 7 million kinds of colors can be recognized in the nature. However, the color names are very limited in the languages because there are only dozens of colors