2009河北工业大学博士英语答案

TEXT B

Pundits who want to sound judicious are fond of warning against generalizin g. Each country is different, they say, and no one story fits all of Asia. This is, of course, silly: all of these economies plunged into economic crisis within a few months of each other, so they must have had something in common.

In fact, the logic of catastrophe was pretty much the same in Thailand, Mal aysia, Indonesia and South Korea. (Japan is a very different story. ) In each ca se investors——mainly, but not entirely, foreign banks who had made short-term loans——all tried to pull their money out at the same time. The result was a co mbined banking and currency crisis: a banking crisis because no bank can convert all its assets into cash on short notice; a currency crisis because panicked in vestors were trying not only to convert long-term assets into cash, but to conve rt baht or rupiah into dollars. In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and compa nies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support th eir currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bu st from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries’ s plit the difference—— and paid a heavy price regardless.

Was the crisis a punishment for bad economic management? Like most cliches, the catchphrase“ crony capitalism” has prospered because it gets at something r eal: excessively cozy relationships between government and business really did l ead to a lot of bad investments. The still primitive financial structure of Asia n business also made the economies peculiarly vulnerable to a loss of confidence . But the punishment was surely disproportionate to the crime, and many investme nts that look foolish in retrospect seemed sensible at the time.

Given that there were no good policy options, was the policy response mainl y on the fight track? There was frantic blame-shifting when everything in Asia s eemed to be going wrong: now there is a race to claim credit when some things ha ve started to go right. The international Monetary Fund points to Korea’s recov e ry——and more generally to the fact that the sky didn’t fall after all —— a s proof that its policy recommendations were right. Never mind that other IMF cli ents have done far worse, and that the economy of Malaysia —— which refused IM F help, and horrified respectable opinion by imposing capital controls ——also seems to be on the mend. Malaysia’s prime Minister, by contrast, claims full cr e dit for any good news——even though neighbouring economies also seem to have bo ttomed out.

The truth is that an observer without any ax to grind would probably concl ude that none of the policies adopted either on or in defiance of t he IMF’s adv i ce m ade much difference either way. Budget policies, interest rate policies, ban king reform ——whatever countries tried, just about all the capital that could flee, did. And when there was no mere money to run, the natural recuperative po wers of the economies finally began to prevail. At best, the money doctors who p urported to offer cures provided a helpful bedside manner; at worst, they were l ike medieval physicians who prescribed bleeding as a remedy for all ills.

Will the pat ients stage a full recovery? It depends on exactly what you me an by “full”. South Korea’s industrial production is already above its pre-cr isi s level; but in the spring of 1997 anyone who had predicted zero growth in Korea n industry over the next two years would have been regarded as a reckless doomsa yer. So if by recovery you mean not just a return to growth, but one that brings the region’s performance back to something like what people used to regard as the Asian norm, they have a long way to go.

19. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the writer’s opinion?

A. Countries paid a heavy price for whichever measure taken.

B. Countries all found themselves in an economic dilemma.

C. Withdrawal of foreign capital resulted in the crisis.

D. Most governments chose one of the two options.

20. The writer thinks that those Asian countries ___.

A. well deserved the punishment

B. invested in a senseless way at the time

C. were unduly punished in the crisis

D. had bad relationships between government and business

21. It can be inferred from the passage that IMF policy recommendations ___.

A. were far from a panacea in all cases

B. were feasible in their recipient countries

C. failed to work in their recipient countries

D. were rejected unanimously by Asian countries

22. At the end of the passage, the writer seems to think that a full reco very of the Asian economy is ___.

A. due

B. remote

C. imaginative

D. unpredictable

短文大意：本文主要论述的是1997年的亚洲金融危机的危害及其爆发的原因。

19.答案：D

【参考译文】根据该短文，下列哪一项不是作者的观点？

【试题分析】本题为排除题。

【详细解答】短文第二段最后几句说“In the face of the stampede, governments had no good options. If they let their currencies plunge inflation would soar and compa nies that had borrowed in dollars would go bankrupt; if they tried to support th eir currencies by pushing up interest rates, the same firms would probably go bu st from the combination of debt burden and recession. In practice, countries’ sp lit the difference- and paid a heavy price regardless.”由此可知，亚洲经济危机时期各国均陷入经济两难境地，既不能任由本国货币猛跌，也不能提高存款利率。选项D与该说法相矛盾，故不是作者的观点。

20.答案：C

【参考译文】作者认为那些亚洲国家如何？

【试题分析】本题为细节推理题。

【详细解答】短文第三段最后一句说“But the punishment was surely disproportionate t o the crime,…”由此可知，作者认为那些亚洲国家遭受的惩罚过度了，故答案选C。

21.答案：A

【参考译文】从该短文可以推知IMF的经济复苏政策如何？

【试题分析】本题为推理题。

【详细解答】虽然IMF对韩国的经济复苏起了一定作用，短文第四段却说“Never mind that o ther IMF clients have done far worse,…”接着以马来西亚为例，说明IMF的政策不是万能的，故答案选A。

22.答案：B

【参考译文】在短文的末尾，作者认为亚洲国家经济全面复苏是怎样的？

【试题分析】本题为推理题。

【详细解答】短文最后一段的最后一句说“…they have a long way to go.”即这些国家（的经

济全面复苏）有很长的路要走。故选项B“遥远的”为正确答案。

TEXT B

A green and yellow parrot, which hung in a cage outside the door, kept repeating over and over:

―Allez vous-en! Allez vous-en! Sapristi! That’s all right! ‖ He could speak a little Spanish, and also a language which nobody understood, unless it was the mocking-bird that hung on the other side of the door, whistling his fluty notes out upon the breeze with maddening persistence.

Mr. Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfort, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. He walked down the gallery and across the narrow ―bridges‖ which connected the Lebrun cottages one with the other. He had been seated before the door of the main house. The parrot and the mockingbird were the property of Madame Lebrun, and they had the right to make all the noise they wished. Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining.

He stopped before the door of his own cottage, which was the fourth one from the main building and next to the last. Seating himself in a wicker rocker which was there, he once more applied himself to the task of reading the newspaper. The day was Sunday; the paper was a day old. The Sunday papers had not yet reached Grand Isle. He was already acquainted with the market reports, and he glanced restlessly over the editorials and bits of news which he had not had time to read before quitting New Orleans the day before.

Mr. Pontellier wore eye-glasses. He was a man of forty, of medium height and rather slender build; he stooped a little. His hair was brown and straight, parted on one side. His beard was neatly and closely trimmed.

Once in a while he withdrew his glance from the newspaper and looked about him. There was more noise than ever over at the house. The main building was called ―the house,‖ to distinguish it from the cottages. The chattering and whistling birds were still at it. Two young girls, the Farival twins, were playing a duet f rom ―Zampa‖ upon the piano. Madame Lebrun was bustling in and out, giving orders in a high key to a yard-boy whenever she got inside the house, and directions in an equally high voice to a dining–room servant whenever she got outside. She was a fresh, pretty woman, clad always in white with elbow sleeves. Her starched skirts crinkled as she came and went. Farther down, before one of the cottages, a lady in black was walking demurely up and down, telling her beads. A good many persons of the pension had gone over to the Cheniere Caminada in Beaudelet’s lugger to hear mass. Some young people were out under the water-oaks playing croquet. Mr. Pontellier’s two children were there—sturdy little fellows of four and five. A quadroon nurse followed them about with a faraway, meditative air.

Mr. Pontellier finally lit a cigar and began to smoke, letting the paper drag idly from his hand. He fixed his gaze upon a white sunshade that was advancing at snail’s pace from the beach. He could see it plainly between t he gaunt trunks of the water-oaks and across the stretch of yellow chamomile. The gulf looked

far away, melting hazily into the blue of the horizon. The sunshade continued to approach slowly. Beneath its pink-lined shelter were his wife, Mrs. Pontellier, and young Robert Lebrun. When they reached the cottage, the two seated themselves with some appearance of fatigue upon the upper step of the porch, facing each other, each leaning against a supporting post.

―What folly! to bathe at such an hour in such heat!‖ exclaimed Mr. Pontellier. He himself had taken a plunge at daylight. That was why the morning seemed long to him.

―You are burnt beyond recognition,‖ he added, looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property which has suffered some damage. She held up her hands, strong, shapely hands, and surveyed them critically, drawing up her lawn sleeves above the wrists. Looking at them reminded her of her rings, which she had given to her husband before leaving for the beach. She silently reached out to him, and he, understanding, took the rings from his vest pocket and dropped them into her open palm. She slipped them upon her fingers; then clasping her knees, she looked across at Robert and began to laugh. The rings sparkled upon her fingers. He sent back an answering smile.

―What is it?‖ asked Pontellier, looking lazily and amused from one to the other. It was some utter nonsense; some adventure out there in the water, and they both tried to relate it at once. It did not seem half so amusing when told. They realized this, and so did Mr. Pontellier. He yawned and stretched himself. Then he got up, saying he had half a mind to go over to Klein’s hotel and play a game of billiards.

―Come go along, Lebrun,‖ he propo sed to Robert. But Robert admitted quite frankly that he preferred to stay where he was and talk to Mrs. Pontellier.

―Well, send him about his business when he bores you, Edna,‖ instructed her husband as he prepared to leave.

―Here, take the umbrella,‖ she exclaimed, holding it out to him. He accepted the sunshade, and lifting it over his head descended the steps and walked away.

―Coming back to dinner?‖ his wife called after him. He halted a moment and shrugged his shoulders. He felt in his vest pocket; there was a ten-dollar bill there. He did not know; perhaps he would return for the early dinner and perhaps he would not. It all depended upon the company which he found over at Klein’s and the size of ―the game.‖ He did not say this, b ut she understood it, and laughed, nodding good-by to him.

Both children wanted to follow their father when they saw him starting out. He kissed them and promised to bring them back bonbons and peanuts.

16. Which of the following adjectives best describe Mr. Pontellier?

A. Energetic

B. Robust

C. Good-humored

D. Inactive

17. In Mr. Pontellier’s mind’s eye, his wife is _____________________.

A. an independent person

B. an object of considerable value

C. an understanding woman

D. an unreliable woman

18. The image that the story evokes in reader’s mind in its very beginning is _______________.

A. sea image

B. animal image

C. bird image

D. umbrella image

19. From the story we know that Mrs. Pontellier is a/an____________ wife.

A. understanding

B. depressed

C. critical

D. listless

20. Mr. Pontellier enjoys ____________________.

A. having dinner with his wife

B gambling

C. playing with his children

D. swimming

16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B

60

With its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable, shoot of the traditional novel.

The detective story is probably the most respectable (at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species. Its creation is often the relaxation of university dons, literary economists, scientists or even poets. Fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen, the village, seaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends. The characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate associates. A story

set in a more remote environment, African jungle, or Australian bush, ancient China or gaslit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history, and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background. The elaborate, carefully-assembled plot, despised by the modem intellectual critics and creators of significant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery, with its sprinkling of clues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from Real Life, nagging gently, we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human sleuth (侦探), who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent.

Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts, the thriller presents a less comfortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duels, car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who suffers from at least two broken ribs, one black eye, uncountable bruises and a hangover, can still chase and overpower an armed villain With the physique of wrestler. He moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs, brutality, a vicious lust for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our calm investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when an unchallengeable elucidation (解释) of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail. All that we vainly hope for from life is granted vicariously（间接地）.

57. The crime novel may be regarded as

[A] not a tree novel at all

[B] an independent development of the novel

[C] related in some ways to the historical novel

[D] a quite respectable form of the conventional novel

58. The passage suggests that intellectuals write detective stories because

[ A] they enjoy writing these stories

[ B ] the stories are often in fact very instructive

[ C ] detective stories are an accepted branch of literature

[ D ] the creation of these stories demands considerable intelligence

59. What feature of the detective story is said to disqualify it from respectful consideration by intellectual critics?

[ A ] The fact that the guilty are always found out and the innocent cleared. [ B ] The lack of interest in genuine character revelations.

[ C ] The existence of a neat closely-knit story.

[ D ] The many seemingly impossible events.

60. One of the most incredible characteristics of the hero of a thriller is

[A]his exciting life

[B] his amazing toughness

[C] the way he deals with enemies

[D] his ability to escape from dangerous situations

61. In what way are the detective story and the thriller unlike?

[A] In introducing violence.

[B]In providing excitement and suspense．

[C]In ensuring that everything comes right in the end．

[D]In appealing to the intellectual curiosity of the reader

答案BACＢＤ

Putting feelings into words makes sadness and anger less intense, U. S. brain researchers sa

id on Wednesday, in a finding that explains why 62 to a therapist often makes people feel b etter.

They said talking about negative feelings 63 a part of the brain 64 for impulse control. "This region of the brain seems to be 65 in putting on the brakes, "said researcher Matthe

w Lieberman. He and colleagues 66 the brains of 30 people-18 women and 12 men between 18 an

d 36-who wer

e shown pictures o

f faces 67 stron

g emotions. They were asked to 68 the feelin

gs in words like sad or angry, or to choose between two gender-specific names 69 "Sally or Harry" that matched the face.

70 they found is that when people 71 a word like "angry" to an angry-looking face, th

e 72 in the portion o

f the brain that handles fear, panic and other stron

g emotions decreas ed. "This seems to dampen down the response in these basic emotional 73 in the brain"Liebe rman said in a telephone interview.

What lights 74 instead is the part of the brain that controls impulses. "This is the o nly region of the entire brain that is more active when you choose an emotional word for the picture 75 when you choose a name for the picture, " he said.

He said the same region of the brain has been found in 76 studies to play a role in moto r control. "If you are driving along and you see a yellow light, you have to inhibit one res ponse in order to 77 on the brake, " he said. "This same region helps to inhibit emotiona l responses as well. "

The researchers did not find significant differences along gender lines, 78 Lieberman said prior studies had hinted at some 79 in the benefits men and women derived from talkin g about their feelings. "Women may do more of this 80 , but when men are instructed to do i t, they may get 81 benefit from it, " he said.

62 A) going B) resorting

C) talking D) complaining

63 A) activates B) stimulates

C) sparkles D) assimilates

64 A) suitable B) applicable

C) responsive D) responsible

65 A) engaged B) involved

C) encountered D) evolved

66 A) studied B) investigated

C) scanned D) examined

67 A) showing B) expressing

C) having D) presenting

68 A) describe B) generalize

C) change D) categorize

69 A) as B) like

C) by D) with

70 A) Thing B) Result

C) What D) which

71 A) talked B) referred

C) pointed D) attached

72 A) response B) action

C) activity D) motion

73 A) expressions B) movements

C) circuits D) responses

74 A) up B) in

C) off D) on

75 A) as B) than

C) to D) comparing

76 A) early B) original

C) senior D) prior

77 A) stop B) step

C) stamp D) drive

78 A) and B) therefore

C) but D) because

79 A) similarities B) discoveries

C) studies D) differences

80 A) willingly B) reluctantly

C) unconsciously D) spontaneously

81 A) more B) less

C) no D) much

62. C)。

[精解] 动名词辨义。根据文章首段首句Putting feelings into words makes sadness and anger less intense(把情感说出来可以减轻伤痛和愤怒)，可知文章主题是Putting feelings into words(用语言把情感说出来)。由此可推测此处表达的应是"向医生倾诉可以使病人感觉好些"。talk to更强调的是一种语言上的表达与倾诉，与文中所表达意思最符合，故答案选C) talking。

[避错] go/resort to表示的是"向某人求助"，这种求助可以是多方面的，不一定只局限于言语上的；而complain to表达的是"向某人抱怨"，和文意并不是很贴切。

63. A)。

[精解] 动词辨义。根据空格前的信息"调查者认为把消极的情绪、感受说出来可以把大脑的一部分... "根据文章主旨和后面的信息和常识我们可以判断应填一意思为"刺激"的词。选项中activate和stimulat e均有"刺激"的意思，但通常stimulate还褒含"促进"的意思，趋向于好的方面刺激，而activate通常只是单纯的字面意思，无褒贬之分，据文意此处选activate更符合文意。C), D)项不符合文意。故答案选A)。

[避错] stimulate"激励"；sparkle"发火花, (使)闪耀"；assimilate"吸收"。

64. D)。

[精解] 形容词辨义。根据空格前的名词brain和空格后的for，可以判断空格处应该填入可跟for构成搭配的形容词来修饰brain。只有A）、D）可以与for连用，根据语意，答案选D） responsible。

[避错] suitable(常与for连用)"适当的，相配的"；applicable(常与to连用)"可适用的, 可应用的"; responsive(常与to连用)"反应的；表示回答的；易反应的"。

65. B)。

[精解] 动词辨义。根据语义"大脑的这一区域似乎完全陷入了关闸状态"，可知此处应填一意为"陷入，卷入"的词。be involved in 有多重意思"包含在，与...有关，卷入"。可以表达文中所述意思。故答案选B)。

[避错] engaged in意为"从事于"不合题意。encountered 意为"遭遇"；evolved 意为"进化的"，显然两者均不合题意，排除。

66. C)。

[精解] 动词辨义。据题意：他和他的同事仔细查看了30个人的大脑...。scan"细看, 审视, 浏览, 扫描"，符合题意。故答案选C)。

[避错] study"学习研究"，一般强调学术上的研究； investigate"调查研究"，强调实际考察、调查；examine"检查, 调查"，强调对某一事物的检测，如对学生的测验。虽然三个词都有研究的意思，但是都不如scan用的精确，尤其宾语是the brains。

67. B)。

[精解] 分词辨义。express emotion 是习惯表达，"表达情绪"。在此处，expressing strong emoti on 用做后置定语，修饰faces。

[避错] show"指示，说明，显示"；present"赠送, 上演, 呈现"have"拥有"。

68. D)。

[精解] 动词辨义。根据文章上下文，可以推断，此处是研究人员让接受调查的人用悲伤或生气来分类他们所看到的图片中人的表情。categorize "以类别分类"。categorize sth in(into) 是习惯表达。

[避错] describe"描述"；generalize"归纳，概括"。

69. B)。

[精解] 介词辨义。like"像是, 如同"。在此处是举例的含义。

[避错] as"当做"；by"经, 由, 依据, 按照"；with"用, 同..., 由于"。

70. C)。

[精解] 连接词。what引导主语从句，与they found构成主语，在主语从句中what作found的宾语。

[避错] 也可以理解thing或 result加后置定语they found来构成名词做主语。但是因为名词后有定语从句，那么其前面要有定冠词the表示限定。

71. D)。

[精解] 动词辨义。attach sth. to. . . 是固定搭配，"加于...之上"。

[避错] refer也可与to连用，但是要直接使用，中间没有宾语。

72. A)。

[精解] 名词辨义。response"回答, 响应, 反应"。根据空格前面的语意"研究人员发现，当接受调查的人把一个词，比如生气与一张发怒的脸相联系时"，可以判断后面是接受调查的人的头脑反应。

[避错] action"动作"；activity"行动, 行为"；motion"运动, 动作"。

73. C)。

[精解] 名词辨义。题意：这似乎阻碍了大脑中基本情绪...的反应。纵观四个选项：expression"表情，脸色，声调"；movement"运动，移动"；circuit"电路, 一圈, 周游"；response"回答，反应"。空格前有response。此处用来询问哪里的response，所以首先排除response。再根据题意不难发现答案为C)。

[避错] expression 和movement 在这里均不准确。

74. A)。

[精解] 介词辨义。根据空格后的instead与that is more active，可以推断此处大脑的情形与前面的decreased是相反的情况，所以答案为light up。light sth up"使...明亮"。

[避错] light on"偶遇"。light作动词时一般不与in和off连用。

75. B)。

[精解] 介词辨义。根据空格前的 more active可以明确后面要用than表示比较。。

[避错] comparing要与to或with连用。

76. D)。

[精解] 形容词辨义。prior"在前的，先前的"。在下一段里也有提示lieberman said prior studies have hinted. . . .

[避错] early"早期的"；original"最初的, 原始的"；senior"高级的"。

77. B)。

[精解] 动词辨义。step on the brake"踩刹车"。

[避错] stamp"跺(脚), 顿(足)"。

78. C)。

[精解] 连词的选用。根据题意：研究人员发现在性别上不存在很大的差异，. . . Lieberman说一些线索也表明了在男女获益上面的...，可以判断它们之间是转折关系，所以要用but来连接。

[避错] and表示承接或并列；therefore用于引导结果；because用于引导原因。

79. D)。

[精解] 名词辨义。根据空格前significant differences along gender lines和空格后"Women may do more of this 80 , but when men are instructed to do it可以推断此处是说明男女差异的，所以答案为differences。

[避错] similarity"类似, 类似处"。

80. D)。

[精解] 形容词辨义。根据题意：女人可能...做得更多一些。spontaneously表示"自然地, 本能地"，符合文意。故选D)。

[避错] willingly"自动地, 欣然地"；reluctantly"不情愿地, 嫌恶地"；unconsciously"无意中, 不知不觉"均不符合文中所表达意思。

81. A)。

[精解] 形容词辨义。根据上下文"女人很自然本能的来做，而男人一旦要求去做，那么..."，可以判断此处是男女进行的比较，"女人自发做，而男人可从中获得更多的好处"。

[避错] 推敲上下文语意，要善于抓住一些关键词语，比如本题的but。共他三项均不符合行文逻辑。

Reading is a pleasure of the mind, which means that it is a little like a sport:your eagerness and knowledge and quickness make you a good reader.Reading is fun,not because the writer is telling you something, but because it makes your mind work. Your own imagination works along with the author's or even goes beyond his.Your experience,compared with his, brings you to the same or different conclusions,and your ideas develop as you understand his.

Every book stands by itself, like a one-family house,but books in a library are like houses in a city. Although they are separate, together they all add up to something;they are connected with each other and with other cities. The same ideas, or related ones, turn up in different places; the human problems that repeat themselves in life repeat themselves in literature, but with different solutions according to different writings at different times.

读书是愉悦心智之事.在这一点上它与运动颇为相似:一个优秀的读者必须要有热情、有知识、有速度。读书之乐并非在于作者要告诉你什么，而在于它促使你思考。你跟随作者一起想像，有时你的想象甚至会超越作者的。把自己的体验与作者的相互比较，你会得出相同或者不同的结论。在理解作者想法的同时，也形成了自己的观点。

每一本书都自成体系，就像一家一户的住宅，而图书馆里的藏书好比城市里千家万户的居所。尽管它们都相互独立，但只有相互结合才有意义。家家户户彼此相连，城市与城市彼

此相依。相同或相似的思想在不同地方涌现。人类生活中反复的问题也在文学中不断重现，但因时代与作品的差异，答案也各不相同。

正是因为不停地追求进取，我们才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件随之而来，如此连绵不绝，永无止境。对于往前看的人来说，眼前总有一番新天地。虽然我们蜗居于这颗小行星上，整日忙于锁事且生命短暂，但我们生来就有不尽的希望，如天上繁星，遥不可及。只要生命犹在，希望便会不止。真正的幸福在于怎样开始，而不是如何结束，在于我们的希翼，而并非拥有。

Because of constantly seeking to forge ahead, and we can only feel a happy life. One thing is completed, another ensued, such a sprawing forever. For those who look for, there is always a new world. Although we are dwelling on the asteroid, scrambling to lock all day long and life is short, but we would not want, such as the stars in the sky, distant. As long as life, hope it will not. Real happiness lies in how to get started, not how to end, is the Greek wings, rather than owned.

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