动词ing形式做句子的各种成份

动词-i n g形式做句子的各种成份（一）

一、动词-ing形式做主语

1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。强调：现在分词做主语时谓

语一律用单数。

Eg: Talking is an art.

Eg: Tearning English well is not easy.

2、it做形式主语的情况

It’s no good/use doing sth.做``````是没有用的

It’s useful/useless doing 做``````是有/没有用的

There is no `````````doing sth.

Eg: It is no use crying after knowing the result.

Eg: It is no good playing games.

二、动词-ing形式做表语

动词-ing形式做表语，一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。

1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。（主语和表语

的位置可以互换）

Eg: My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is my hobby.

Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits.

Eg: Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is your task.

与现在进行时的区别：

He is flying.(现在进行时，就不能转换成----------Flying is he)

2、表示主语的某种性质或状态，描述主语的特征，相当于形容词，故不能与

主语互换。

系动词：be动词、感官动词、get/become等。

Eg: This film is interesting.

Eg: Today’s weather is nice.

Eg: The song sounds good.

(主语一般为物：moving\ surprising\promising有希望的)

三、动词-ing形式做宾语

1、作动词的宾语

某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。

allow \ cannot help\ consider\ risk\ suggest\ forbid\ protect```(from)阻止\ admit\ advise\ allow\ avoid\ delay推迟\ enjoy\ escape逃脱\ finish\ give up\ imagine\ mind\ practise\

Eg: I tried to avoid making mistakes.

Eg: I suggest having a rest.

2、作介词的宾语

是一些固定的短语搭配：be/ get/ become used to习惯于, look forward to,

insist on, be succed in, be fond of, be interested in, be worth, devote```to, stick to, lead to and so on.

Eg: The book is worth reading.

Eg: I am used to getting up early.

四、作宾语补足语

1、动词-ing形式可以在感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。（表示动作的正在进行，状态正在持续）

Eg: I watched a student picking peaches when I crossed the school.

Eg: When I came into classroom, I heard someone singing.

3、动词-ing形式也可以用在使役动词have\ get\ leave\ keep\set\ send等动词后

作宾语补足语。

（宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。）

Eg: Don’t have your students doing hom ework all the time.

五、动词-ing形式做定语

1、表示被修饰词的某种用途,一般放在所修饰词的前面。

阅览室reading room 吸烟室smoking room

洗衣机washing machine 写字台writing desk

3、起形容词作用的动词-ing作定语时，含有主动和进行的意思。

(1)单个的分词放在所修饰名词的前面

Eg: I walked quietly in order not to wake the sleeping bird.

(2)短语放在所修饰的名词后面

Eg: I know the bird sleeping in the tree.---------I know the bird which is sleeping in the tree.

Eg: It lived in a tree facing my house.----------It lived in a tree which faced my house.

动词ing形式的用法

动词ing形式的用法 一)Ving形式作定语 分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： The man standing by the window is our teacher. Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building. Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。 1. 表示动作（主动的、进行的动作）。 a waiting car = the car that is waiting a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。 [注意]现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如： The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。 2. 表示用途： the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室 a working method 工作方法 He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。 【比较】 过去分词作定语： 及物动词的过去分词表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。例如： That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。 不定式作定语： 用不定式作定语，其经常所修饰的名词、代词有：

动词-ing形式作表语定语,宾补及状语的用法

动词-ing形式作表语定语，宾补及状语的用法 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1.表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 2.表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing相当一个形容词） The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。 3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。 全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。 What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her) 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家 an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子 a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 2作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。 They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south) 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。 Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket) 你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？ The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle 正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。 三、动词-ing形式作宾补 1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后 面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house. 2、当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语 的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。

动词的 ing形式作状语

动词的-ing形式作状语 【观察】观察下列句子中动词的-ing形式作状语的用法，然后加以总结。 1. Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning. 2. She doesn’t feel like eating anything, being ill for a few days. 3. Working hard, you will succeed sooner or later. 4. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by him alone. 5. The song is sung all over the country, making it very popular. 6. Travelling by car, we visited many exciting and beautiful places. 7. While/When reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 8. Make sure to read all choices before deciding on the best answer. 9. After finishing reading the letter, he went on to write a reply. 10. On/Upon hearing their teacher’s voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. 11. The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. 12. Though/Although raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 13. I have accepted this, not wanting to disappoint them. 14. Generally speaking, people like to hear compliments from others. 【总结】 Ⅰ. 动词的-ing形式作状语的用法 动词的-ing形式作状语，通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。 ◆作时间状语，多置于句首，也可置于句末。（如例句1） ◆作原因状语，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中。（如例句2） ◆作条件状语，多置于句首。（如例句3） ◆作让步状语，多置于句首。（如例句4） ◆作结果状语，多置于句末。（如例句5） ◆作方式或伴随状语，多置于句末，也可置于句首。（如例句6） 【区别】动词的-ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语： 动词的-ing形式表示“正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的”结果。通常位于句末，其前有逗号隔开。有时为了强调，可在现在分词前加副词thus, therefore等。 动词不定式表示意料之外的结果。尤其是和only连用。如： She ran to the station, only to find that the train had left.

动词-ING形式做状语

动词-----ing形式做状语小结,(珍藏版) 基本句型:动词----ing形式(短语),主语+谓语+其他句子成分 1 Not_________(know ) my cellphone number, they couldn't get in touch with me . (由于) 2Not_____ ________ (complete) the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks . 3_____(hear) the news, they couldn`t help jumping. = On ____the news, they couldn't help jumping . 听到这个消息他们禁不住跳了起来. 4 when _____(leave) the station，he waved again and again to me . 5 After____(turn) off the TV Set, he began to go over the lessons. 关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。 6. He sat in the Chair _____ (read) a newspaper. =He sat in the chair and ____( read) a newspaper. 7. The heavy snow lasted a week, ________(result) in serious traffic confusion in the whole city. (----ing形式做结果状语，放在句末表一种自然的结果) 8．________ (know)all this, they made me pay for the damage. 9.____ (work) hard at your lessons ，you will succeed. 10 If you___ (work) hard at your lessons，you will succeed. 11.___(work) hard and you will succeed. 12. A ______(move)film ，a______( move) girl A______ ( run) machine a _______( steal) car. A______(develop) country a--- (develop) country 13.I don't like__(can) food，I Prefer something fresh . 14._____(hear) he won first place finally ,we all jumped with joy. 15 China belongs to _______ (develop) countries. China has no time to lose to catch up with the ________(develop) countries.. 16 All of the girls are ________ in music.(interest) The story is very _________. 17. Mother heard the door______. Mother heard her kid________the door.(open) 18 . I heard my brother _______in the next room. I heard the song ______in English. (sing) 19. The news is really_______.( excite) He got very___ when he heard that she won the gold medal. 20. On____ ( receive) a phone call from his wife______(say)she had a fall，Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. 21._________ (Find) the course very difficult ,she decided to move to a lower level. 22 Lionel Messi,______(set)the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe .

(完整版)动名词作状语

动词-ing做状语【学案】 （必修四第四单元语法点） 1.-ing短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原 因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。 2. -ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作，一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。 1. 作时间状语 -ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如： Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. =When______________________, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After_______________________, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 注意：当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：having done _______________(finish) his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2. 作原因状语 -ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because__________________, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. =_______________he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因为 他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。 3. 作条件状语 -ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Working hard, you will succeed. =If______________, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。

必修4动词-ing形式作表语,定语,宾语补足语和状语

年级高一学科英语版本人教实验版 内容标题必修4 Unit 3 A taste of English humor动词-ing形式作表语、定语、 宾语补足语和状语 编稿老师林静 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： 动词-ing形式作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语 二. 知识精讲 （一）动词的ing形式作表语 1. 动名词作表语一般表示抽象的、习惯性的行为，这时主语与表语的位置可以互换。 Her duty is taking care of the babies. 照看婴儿是她的职责。 Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐 2. 现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质与特征，相当于形容词，可有比较级形式，亦可被very, quite，so等副词修饰，这时主语与表语的位置不可互换 The music they are playing sounds exciting. 他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋 The film we saw last night is quite moving. 我们昨晚看的电影十分感人。 （二）动词的ing形式作定语 1. 动名词作定语，表示该名词的用途或与其有关的动作，通常只能放在所修饰的名词前。 a walking stick手杖reading room 阅览室washing machine洗衣机 2.现在分词作定语，说明所修饰的名词正在进行的动作或存在的状态，现在分词与所修 饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，可换成定语从句来表达，单个的现在分词作定语常置于被 修饰的名词前，现在分词短语作定语须置于被修饰的名词后。 Nobody can stop the running horse(=the horse that is running). 没人能阻止那匹奔跑的马。

动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习

高中英语语法 动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习 第一部分：动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语 1．动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。 We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。 I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。 I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。 2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别 在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。 He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。 ) (She was getting on the car.) He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。 (She got on the car and drove off.) Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗 (Someone is knocking at the door.) Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗 (Someone knocked at the door just now.)

动词-ing形式作状语

作状语的动词-ing形式具有副词特性。根据意义，动词-ing形式可作“原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随”等状 语。 一、放在句首的动词-ing形式短语 根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句首时可作“原因、时间、条件、让步”等状语。如： Being blind，they cannot use computers. 由于是盲人,他们不能使用计算机。（原因） Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning. 一到学校，孩子们就开始大扫除。（时间） Hearing the news，we all jumped with joy. 一听到这个消息，我们就高兴地跳了起来。（时间） Being clever enough, you should ask me for more advice. 即使你足够聪惠，也应该征求我的建议。（让步） 二、放在句末的动词-ing形式短语 根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句末时可作“结果、伴随”状语，或补充说明谓语的具体情况。如： Her parents moved to Shanghai, leaving the house to her. 她的父母亲搬到了上海，把房子留给了她。（说明谓语动词动作发生后产生的结果）The monkey shouted at us，showing its teeth. 那猴子露出牙齿对着我们大喊大叫。（说明谓语动词动作发生的方式） The students walked along the road，talking and laughing.

动词的ing形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语讲解学习

动词的i n g形式作表语,定语,宾补和状语

动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语 一、动词-ing形式作表语 1. 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。 2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词） The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。 3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。 全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。 What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her) 二、动词-ing形式作定语 1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 ①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。 a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室 running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋 a working method =a method for working 工作方法 ②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家

动词ing作状语

1.v-ing作状语可以修饰动词，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随的情况等。 **时间状语 动词的ing形式作时间状语时相当于一个状语从句，几乎每一个动词ing作状语时都可以转换成一个时间状语从句。它表示动作如果和谓语动词的动作同时发生或紧接着发生，此时常用动词的ing形式的一般式，在强调动词的ing形式表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作时，用动词ing的完成时。 Eg；1.arriving in Paris，I lost my way。 =when I arrived in Paris，I lost my way。到巴黎后，我迷路了。 2.Hearing the exciting news，the boy jumped with joy。 =when the boy heard the exciting news，the boy jumped with joy。 听到这个令人激动的消息，男孩高兴得跳起来。 3.we are ready for the examination，having made full preparations。 = we are ready for the examination，when we have made full preparations。 我们已经做好充分的准备，现在可以应考了。 **原因状语

动词的ing 作原因状语时，相当于一个原因状语从句，同时也可以转变为一个原因状语从句。它表示的原因的动词ing 形式短语一般置于句首。 Eg；1.having smoked too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer。 =as he has smoked too much ，he has suffered from lung cancer 由于抽烟过多，他得了肺癌。 2.living far from my company，I have to get up early。 =because I live far from my company，I have to get up early。 由于住得离公司远，我只好早起。 3.not knowing her address，I might as well call her to come over。 =because I do not know her address，I might as well call her to come over。 不知道她的地址，我只好打电话让她来。 **结果状语 动词的ing作结果状语时，不常用，通常放在句末，中间有逗号。它可以转化成结果状语从句。 Eg；1.the fire lasted nearly a month，leaving nothing valuable。 大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有价值的东西。 **方式、伴随状语 动词ing表示方式或伴随情况是比较常见的，它用来说明发生的背景或情况。 Eg，1.I stood by the door，not daring to say a word。 我站在门旁边，不敢说一句话。 2.my parents wrote me a letter ，telling me to change my job。 我父母来信让换我工作。 3.i lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time。 我躺在草地上，长时间的望天空。 4.talking and laughing，the kids walked one by one into the classroom。 孩子们有一个个说有笑的走进教室。 5.theycame running all the way。 他们一路跑过来。 **条件状语

30.动词的-ing形式作状语

动词的-ing形式作状语 吴国斌 动词的-ing形式作状语时，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，用来修饰谓语动词，常表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随、让步等情况，并可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。 1.表时间 Walking in the park，she saw an old friend. 在公园散步时，她看到一个老朋友。 ＝When she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend. Having finished the work, he went out to meet his friends. 完成工作后，他出去会朋友了。 ＝After he finished the work, he went out to meet his friends. 2.表原因 Having traveled to many places, he knows a lot. 到过很多的地方去旅游，他知道的很多。 ＝Since he has traveled to many places, he knows a lot. Being ill, he was sent to hospital. 由于生病，他被送往医院。 =Because he was ill, he was sent to hospital. 3.表伴随或方式 He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information. 他给我发了封电子邮件，希望得到更多的消息。 ＝He sent me an e-mail, and (he) hoped to get further information. 4.表条件 Going there by plane, you’ll arrive tomorrow morning. 如果你乘飞机去那里的话，明天早上就会到。 ＝If you go there by plane, you’ll arrive tomorrow morning. 5.表让步 Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake. 尽管告诉他许多次了，他仍旧犯同样的错误。 ＝Though he had been told many times, he still made the same mistake. 6.表结果（必然结果）

动词ing形式作状语35983

词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随或补充。 1．表示时间: 动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。句首 或 句末 Turning around, she saw a car driving up. =When she turned around, she saw a car driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆车朝她开来。 2．表示原因: 表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首，相当于一个原因状语从 句。句首 句中或 句末 Being ill, he could not walk any further. =As he was ill, he could not walk any further. 因为疲倦，他不能再往前走了。 3．表示结果: 动词-ing形式作状语表示一种必然的结果，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。句末 The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable. =The fire lasted nearly a month, and left nothing valuable. 大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。 4．表示条件： 动词-ing形式作条件状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。句 首 Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes. =If you are more careful, you can make fewer mistakes. 更细心点，你就会少犯错误。 5．表示让步 动词-ing形式作让步状语，相当于一个让步状语从句。句 首 Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. =Although they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 6．表示方式、伴随或补充说明： 动词-ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，可以扩展成为一个并列成分。句末 I stood by the door, not daring to say a word. =I stood by the door, and did not dare to say a word. 我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。 He was walking along the street, looking this way and that. =He was walking along the street, and looked this way and that. 他在街上走着，左顾右盼。 特别提醒1 [从属连词+动词-ing形式]作状语 为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, if，though，unless, even

动词的ing形式作状语

动词的ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 1 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. 我们已经作好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。 (= After we have made full preparations...) When I heard the result, I couldn't help jumping. = Hearing the result, I couldn’t help jumping. 动词-ing所表示的动作一发生，谓语动词表示的动作就立即发生。 When I was playing games, I was very excited. = When playing games, I was very excited. 动词-ing所表示的动作在进行过程中，谓语动词表示的动作就发生了，此时前面一般加上when, while. Eg: Be careful when you are crossing the street. = Be careful when crossing the street. After I had played games, I went to sleep. =Having played games, I went to sleep. 动词-ing发生在谓语动词之前，要用现在分词的完成式。 2 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(= Since he was ill...) Because I didn’t master the way of studying, I didn’t get a good result. = Not mastering the way of studying, I didn’t get a good result. As I was so worried, I couldn’t go to sleep. = Being so worried, I couldn’t go to sleep. 3 表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱. 4 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed. =If you work h ard at your lessons… 如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。 If you pass the three years, you’ll grow up. = Passing the three years, you’ll grow up. If you don’t make use of the time, you’ll regret. = Not making use of the time, you’ll regret.

动词ing形式作定语和状语 知识讲解

动词的ing形式作定语和状语 编稿：张桂琴审稿：梁晓 概念引入： Do you know the boy playing basketball? 你认识那个正在打篮球的男孩儿吗？ They lived in a house facing south. 他住在一所朝南的房里里 Knowing all this ,they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿。 Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination. 我们已经作好充分准备了，现在可以考试了。 语法讲解： V-ing 形式 V-ing 形式由“do＋ing” 构成, 其否定形式是“not doing”, V-ing 可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing 短语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态和语态的变化。 现在分词作定语 现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前,说明其修饰名词的性质或特征,表示“供作…之用”和“ …的”。 a walking stick (a stick used for walking) drinking water (water for drinking) a waiting room (a room for waiting) working people the rising sun 分词是短语形式, 应放在所修饰的名词后, 相当于一个定语从句。 They are visitors coming from several countries. who come from several countries. Three days later I received a letter offering me the job. which offered me the job. The girl standing there is my classmate. who stands there 现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系, 否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它的各种形式变化: 完成式 主动形式被动形式 一般式V-ing being V-ed 完成式having V-ed having been V-ed e. g. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室。 (听见和进入两个动作同时发生) The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造的这栋楼房是我们的新图书馆。(being built为现在分词的被动形式, 表示动作正在进行之中) Having done the work, he went home.

动词-ing形式作状语归纳

动词-ing形式作状语归纳 1. 作时间状语 -ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如： Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying .=When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After I had received his letter, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。 2. 作原因状语-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如： Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because he was so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了，他不能入睡。 Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. =Because (As) he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。 3. 作条件状语 -ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如： Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 Having been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

动词-ing形式(短语)作状语

动词-ing形式（短语）作状语 动词-ing形式（短语）可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果或伴随情况等。此外，动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。如： Hearing someone call his name, David went out to see who it was. Being ill for a few days, she doesn't feel like eating anything. Looking on the bright side of things, you will live happily. Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by the boy alone. The song Little Apple is sung all over the country, making it very popular. The guests sat at the table, chatting and laughing. ★动词-ing形式（短语）的一般式所表示的动作常与谓语动作同时发生，其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。如： Reading the book alone in his room, Peter nodded from time to time. Having eaten too much for supper, Tom couldn't go to sleep. ★动词-ing形式（短语）的否定形式常在其前面加not。如： Not being noticed by anyone, she left the room. ★动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。如： When visiting the Great Wall, they made a side trip to the nearby villages. Though living near my aunt's house, I seldom see her these days. ★动词-ing形式（短语）的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，可将其逻辑主语放在前面，构成独立主格结构。如： The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the cave. ★动词-ing形式（短语）或独立主格结构作状语时，可转换为相应的状语从句。如： Hearing the sad story, Emma was moved to tears. = When she heard the sad story, Emma was moved to tears. Not having done physical exercise for some time, Tim is not as energetic as before.